資源簡介

(共53張PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 54
Part 1
Lead in
Instinct or Cleverness
Part 2
text
(1) We have been brought up to fear insects.
詞組： be brought up to do sth.
________________
e.g. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives. (L23)
從小到大做某事
(1) We have been brought up to fear insects.
單詞： insect n. 昆蟲
文中有哪些表示昆蟲的單詞？
spider 蜘蛛
wasp 黃蜂
moth 飛蛾
ant 螞蟻
praying mantis 螳螂
beetle 甲蟲
aphid 蚜蟲
(2) We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good.
詞組： do good/harm to 對……有益/有害
擴展：利大于弊 _________________________
do more good than harm
(3) We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops.
單詞： wage v. 進行（斗爭）
詞組： wage a war (on sb./sth.) 向……發動戰爭
翻譯：哪個國家也不想打核戰爭。
No country wants to _____________________.
wage a nuclear war
(3) We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops.
單詞： contaminate v. 弄臟
擴展：近義詞：________
派生詞：________________ n.
詞組： radioactive contamination ___________
pollute
contamination
放射性污染
(4) They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows.
單詞： provocation n. 惹怒
翻譯：只要稍一惹她，她就大發脾氣。
She loses her temper ____________________________.
詞組：without provocation ____________
翻譯：He often loses his temper without provocation.
_________________。
at the slightest provocation
沒有理由地
他經常無故發脾氣
(4) They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows.
單詞： uninvited adj. 未被邀請的
詞組：come / fly uninvited _________
單詞： against prep. 可以解釋為 _____________________
翻譯：He was leaning against a tree.
_____________。
翻譯：The rain beat against the car’s windscreen.
_______________________。
不請自來
他倚著一棵樹
觸；碰；倚；靠；撞 等
雨點打在汽車擋風玻璃上
(5) We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths.
詞組： in dread of 害怕……
翻譯：I would stand in dread of what my teacher might be talking to my parents.
______________________________________________。
我會時時刻刻提心吊膽，不知老師要跟家長說點啥
(6) Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears.
翻譯：without在句中表示 _____ 的邏輯關系
譯為 _______ dispell 驅散
卻不能
轉折
(7) Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling爬 over a carefully prepared picnic lunch.
單詞：industrious adj. 勤勉的=deligent hardworking
單詞：revulsion n. 厭惡
擴展（近義詞）：________
單詞：horde n. 群
詞組：a horde of __________
disgust
一群……
(8) No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess動詞：擁有, we have a horror 恐怖of being stung.
單詞：uncanny adj. 神秘的，不可思議的
詞組：an uncanny coincidence ___________
詞組：___________________________ 神奇的方向感
擴展： ill sense of humor ___________
uncanny sense of direction
神秘的巧合
黑色幽默
(9) Most of our fears are unreasonable不合理的 improper, but they are impossible to erase.
單詞：erase v. 擦，抹去
詞組：to erase sth. from one’s memory / mind
_________
篇章：We may learn more about the behavior of insects ____.
A. and become so fascinated by them that we are no longer moved by them
B. but we are no less likely to lose our irrational fear of them
C. provided假如 they remain unaware of our presence while we observe them
D. as long as they only harm each other and not us
B
忘卻……
(10) At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating.
(11) We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives.
詞組：lead a…life _______________
e.g. Rastus leads an orderly life. (N3, L19)
擴展：這里螳螂lead horrible lives是指：雌雄螳螂交配之后，雌螳螂會吃掉雄螳螂。
過著……的生活
(12) We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence.
單詞：entranced adj. 出神的
翻譯： I was entranced at the sweetness of her voice.
________________________。
擴展：
派生詞：entrance v. 使著迷，使狂喜
entranced / entrancing adj.
填空：She stopped, ____________
___________ stories
我陶醉在她甜美的歌聲中
entrancing
entranced
(12) We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence.
詞組：go about _________________________
go about one’s business ____________
開始做某事物，處理某事物
干活，做事
(13) Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle
詞組：be / stand in awe (of sb.) _________________
詞組：a column of ___________
單詞：triumphantly adv. 得意洋洋地
本句中用來描述螞蟻戰勝大甲蟲的神態，為 _____ 用法
單詞：bear v. (to carry)
詞組：torch bearer ________
翻譯：The canoe was borne along by the current.
__________________。
對……充滿敬畏感
火炬手
那獨木舟順流而下
擬人
一列……
(14) Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree.
單詞：prize adj. 心愛的
e.g. … I notice a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. (N3, L23)
(15) The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house.
單詞：against prep.
本文第二次出現介詞against這一用法，尤其注意
單詞：sheltered adj. 傷不著的，無危險的
詞組：sb. lead a sheltered life _______________
過著優越的生活
(16) I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches.
單詞：survive vt. 經歷（某事物）幸存
翻譯：The plants may not survive the frost.
_______________。
單詞：luscious adj. 甘美的
這些植物不經凍
(17) During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither.
單詞：wither v. 枯萎，凋謝
(18) Clusters of tiny insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves.
單詞：cluster n. 一簇
詞組：a cluster of
單詞：underside n. 底面，下側
詞組：the underside (of sth.)
(19) They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained 獲得 a sort of一種 honey from them.
詞組：be visited by
這里根據上下文課翻譯為 _____________
單詞：colony n. 一群
擴展：表示“一群”的量詞
a ________ of seals; a ________ of bees; a ______of cows
a ________ of fish; a _______ of thieves
a ________________ of flowers
a ______________ of people
a _______ of wild geese/sheep
受到……攻擊
swarm
colony
flock
band
school
herd
cluster / bunch
crowd / group
(19) They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them.
篇章：The reason for the ants’ swarming up and down the tree was that ____.
A. they collected a kind of honey from the leaves
B. they fed on a kind of honey contained in the sap of the tree
C. they were milking a kind of honey from the aphids on the leaves
D. they needed to go back to their nest in the branches of the tree
c
(20) I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours.
詞組：embark on 開始或從事 (start or engage in)
e.g. embark on a long journey ________________
開始漫長的旅程
(21) I bound--bind捆 the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids.
單詞：sticky adj. 粘的
擴展：
派生詞：stick v. 粘貼 n. 棍子
詞組：stick to 粘住；堅持
e.g. stick to one’s own opinion __________
固執己見
(22) The tape was so sticky that they did not dare to cross it.
語法：so…that引導結果狀語從句
(23) For a long time, I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment.
單詞：scurry v. 小步跑
翻譯：聚會開始前我們一直不停地忙忙碌碌。
______________________________ the last minute
before the party.
詞組：in bewilderment
擴展：________________ 表示副詞的概念
介詞 + 抽象名詞
We were scurrying about until
(24) I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it.
詞組：with / in satisfaction
同上文的in bewilderment，介詞 + 抽象名詞表示副詞的概念
單詞：swarm v. 聚集
詞組：be __________ with 充滿
.
swarming
(25) I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair.
詞組：in despair/desperate
再次出現，介詞 + 抽象名詞表示副詞的概念
(26) Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route.
(27) They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree.
詞組：on to 表示方位
e.g. The lorry was loaded with empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the vehicle and on to the road. (N3, L33)
(28) I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity.
單詞：ingenuity n.
詞組：__________________ 擅長某事
擴展（派生詞）：__________ adj. 心靈手巧的，機靈的
have ingenuity in
ingenious
(29) The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
Part 3
Translation skills
翻譯技巧：倒置法
簡介：倒置法在英譯漢時使用較多, 即對英語長句按照漢語的習慣表達進行前后調換。
來看本課中的一句：
We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. (N3, L54)
我們把昆蟲當做害多益少的無用東西。
翻譯技巧：倒置法
常見例子：
loss and gain _____
small and medium-sized countries __________
你我他 _______________
得失
中小國家
you, he and I
翻譯技巧：倒置法
1、定語的位置
在英語的句子中，若定語過長，一般要置于名詞之后；另外也有單詞作后置定語的情況。但在中文里，定語放在名詞前面。
e.g.
He is the best actor alive.
他是當代最優秀的男演員
The digits on the screen of the electronic watch tell us time.
電子表屏幕上的數字告訴我們時間。
翻譯技巧：倒置法
2、狀語的位置
在英語的句子中，狀語根據種類不同，可放在句首或句末；也可出現在動詞前后。但在中文中，狀語一般在句首以及動詞前
e.g.
I paid a visit to my friend yesterday.
昨天我去拜訪了我的朋友。/ 我昨天去拜訪了我的朋友。
I encountered my middle school classmate at the entrance of the theatre at 7:30 yesterday evening, whom I haven’t seen for years.
昨天晚上7點半在劇院門口，我遇到了我多年未見的中學同學。
翻譯技巧：倒置法
3、形容詞的排序問題
規則：限數描大形，新色國材名
（限定詞+數字+描繪性+大小 +形狀 + 新舊+顏色 + 國家+材料+被修飾的名詞 ）
e.g.
她那張圓圓的粉色小臉
Her small round pink face
美國有名的醫療機構
a well-known American medical institution
翻譯技巧：倒置法
Exercise：
1、如果能找到任何適合你的學習方法，你的學習效率就可能明顯提高。
If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you,
your study / learning efficiency is likely to improve
remarkably.
2、Great changes have taken place in China since the
introduction of the reform and opening policy.
改革開放以來，中國發生了巨大的變化。
Part 4
bonus
Life of insects
Life of insects
1、 general characteristics
body parts：head，thorax（胸），abdomen（腹）
tentacles（觸角）
three pairs of legs；two pairs of wings (spiders )
exoskeleton（外骨骼）
Life of insects
2、mating（交配）
key words：temptation to smell；colorful appearance
Life of insects
2、mating（交配）
different ways of mating
蜉蝣 —— 過把癮就死
蜜蜂 —— “眾妃”爭寵
Life of insects
3、stages of life
complete metamorphosis（完全變態）
egg（卵）→ larva（幼蟲）→ pupa（蛹）→ adult（成蟲）
我還小~~
蛻變了！！
Life of insects
3、stages of life
incomplete metamorphosis（不完全變態）
egg（卵）→ larva（幼蟲）→ adult（成蟲）
If an insect undergoes incomplete metamorphosis, its larva and adult have similar appearance.
Life of insects
4、death-related factors
biotic：food、natural enemies
abiotic：natural disasters
human factor

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