資源簡介

(共52張PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 59
Part 1
Lead in
Collecting
Part 2
text
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
詞組：tend to do _____________________________________
翻譯：值得記住的是孩子們在這一方面往往會效仿父母。________________________________________________________________________________
單詞：amass v. _________________________
翻譯：During the war, the monopoly capitalists amassed fabulous wealth.
__________________________________
往往會；常常就（通常用于一般現在時）
It is worth remembering that children tend to copy their parents in this respect.
（尤指大量）積累，積聚
戰爭期間壟斷資本家們都大發橫財。
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
擴展（近義詞）：
collect stamps as a hobby
____________________
A housewife accumulates gift tokens
_______________________
In wartime individuals hoard scarce items.
_________________________________________________
（作為愛好）收藏
（長期逐漸地）積累
（為私利）儲藏，囤積（錢財、食物或其他珍貴物品）
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
擴展：mass adj. __________________
mass production _____________
mass media __________
mass killing = massacre n.
___________________________________
南京大屠殺 _________________
大批的，大量的
大批量生產
大眾傳媒
大屠殺，殘殺；（牲畜的）成批屠宰
Nanjing Massacre
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
單詞：possessions n. (usually pl.)
___________________
句型：do sth. without being aware of …
__________________________
without being aware of是介詞短語作 ___________
翻譯：就是有些人以性格開朗為由開玩笑，卻沒有意識到傷害了別人。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
私人物品；個人財產
做某事時并不曾意識到……
方式狀語
There are certain people who invariably plead extrovert as an excuse for joking without being aware of hurting others.
(2) Indeed they can have a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they owned.
語法：when引導 _____________
which引導 __________
時間狀語從句
定語從句
(3) Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter.
語法：who引導 ___________
單詞：indiscriminate adj. ___________
擴展（近義詞）： _____________
語法：關系代詞what引導的從句作介詞賓語
介詞of + what從句作后置定語，修飾____________
單詞：clutter n. __________
定語從句
不加選擇的
unselective
collectors
一堆雜物
(4) They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things.
句型：in the belief that引導的內容在句子中作__________，修飾_______， 相當于________________。
單詞：very _______________________________________________
翻譯：Those were her very words.
___________________
翻譯：He might be phoning her at this very moment.
_______________________________
伴隨狀語
leave
believing that
（表強調，相當于actual）正式的，恰好的，同一的
這些都是她的原話。
他也許這會兒正在給她打電話呢。
(5) As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment.
語法：as引導 _____________
單詞：belongings相當于第一句中的______________
詞組：lack of = _____________________缺乏
詞組：be essential in _______________
翻譯：他尊重他朋友的每一個意見，這對保持友誼十分重要。
___________________________________________________________________________
時間狀語從句
possessions
having a shortage of
在……很重要
He respects every opinion his friends hold, which is essential in friendship.
(5) As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment.
單詞：sentiment n. ________________________
語法：句中sentiment和lack of physical and mental energy的關系是 _____
（對憐憫、懷舊等的）感情
并列
(6) Things owned for a long time are full of associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.
語法：who引導_________
詞組：beyond their true worth _____________________

篇章：本句則分析了隨著年齡增長，人們收藏物品的另外兩個原因：① _________________ ② ___________

定語從句
超出他們真正的價值
體力、精力欠佳
情感因素
(7) Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.
單詞：deliberately adv.
= ____________________________ 存心地，有意地
詞組：in an attempt to ______________，介詞短語做_____狀語
翻譯：Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.
_____________________________
intentionally / on purpose
為了做……
目的
為削減費用，關閉了兩家工廠。
(8) Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites.
單詞：string ____________________
詞組：_________________________ 一根 / 段細繩
翻譯：She strung the shells on a silver chain.
___________________________
詞組：string along _______ _______
He has no intention of helping you; he’s just stringing you along.
I’ll string along with you if you don’t object.
n. 細線 v. 用線串起
a piece/length of string
她把貝殼串在一條銀鏈子上。
欺騙
跟隨
(8) Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites.
考題：She was putting on her watch when the _____ broke and it fell to the ground.
belt B. strap C. tie D. string
B
(8) Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites.
詞組：brown paper ________________
語法：kept過去分詞作 __________ 修飾 ___________________________
單詞：thrifty adj. _________
語法： to save buying these two requisites是動詞不定式短語，作 ____________ 修飾______
單詞：requisite n. _________
后置定語
string and brown paper
牛皮紙（包裝紙）
節儉的
目的狀語
kept
必需品
(9) Collecting small items can easily become a mania.
單詞：mania n. ____________
-mania 作為一種后綴，表示“__________________”
詞組：neatness mania _____
kleptomania ________
bibliomania _________
擴展（派生詞）：maniac ______________
癖好，狂熱
……癖；……狂
潔癖
偷竊癖
藏書癖
瘋子；躁狂者
(10) I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money.
語法：who引導 __________
單詞：sketch n. _____________________
翻譯：我妹妹很喜歡畫圖，她經常去鄉下地方畫大自然的素描。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
詞組：sketch out ____________
定語從句
草樣，圖樣 v. 畫素描
My sister fancies drawing and often goes to the countryside for sketches of nature.
概述；草擬
(10) I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money.
語法：在本句中，of model clothes是__________的定語。
按照正常語序應該為cuts sketches of model clothes out from newspapers為了保持句子的平衡，避免頭重腳輕，所以把地點狀語from newspapers提前了。
語法：that引導 ___________
if引導 _______________
sketch
定語從句
虛擬從句
(11) As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice.
語法：as引導 _______________
that引導 ______________
原因狀語從句
同位語從句
(11) As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice.
單詞：remote adj. _____________________________________
詞組：a remote chance ___________
翻譯：無論多么努力，我還是一點都不明白領導的意思。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
一詞多義：
remote control _________
a remote village ____________
a remote relative ___________
（機會，可能性）少的，小的 (slight)
機會渺茫
No matter how hard I try, the chances that I can understand our leader are remote.
遙控器
偏僻的鄉村
遠房親戚
(11) As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice.
單詞：strong-minded adj. _____________
單詞：practice n. __________________
文中指 ___________________________________ 這一做法
意志堅強的
通常的做法；慣例
cut out sketches of model clothes
(12) It is a harmless habit, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.
語法：to such an extent，_________________ ，that后面的從句作extent的 _________
詞組：fall out ______________
詞組：in every direction = _______________ 到處
達到了這樣的程度
同位語
掉落，脫落
here and there
(13) Collecting as a serious hobby is quite different and has many advantages.
(14) It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one’s treasures is always a joy.
單詞：relaxation n. _____________
語法：as引導 _______________
休息，娛樂
原因狀語從句
(15) One does not have to go outside for amusement, since the collection is housed at home.
單詞：one
________________________________________________
翻譯：One asks oneself where children learn to behave so badly.
_____________________________________
語法：since引導 ______________
（尤用于泛指，可用people替換） 人們，任何人
人都該問問自己，孩子是從哪里學壞的。
原因狀語從句
(15) One does not have to go outside for amusement, since the collection is housed at home.
單詞：house是名詞作動詞，“_____________”之意。
類似的詞如：___________________________________
翻譯：The old man mothered his beloved pigeons.
__________________________________
翻譯：The couple honeymooned in Hangzhou.
_________________________
收藏，安置
phone / picture / chair / hand / eye
老人像母親般照顧著他心愛的鴿子。
這對新人在杭州度了蜜月。
(16) Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books.
語法：whatever it consists of … whatever引導_________從句，it指代____________
stamps...toy animals一系列表示具體事物的名詞作關系代詞whatever的_________。
單詞：stuffed adj. _____________
詞組：in connection with _____________
翻譯：我寫此信與你最近求職一事有關。
______________________________________________________________________
讓步狀語
collection
同位語
制成標本的
與……有關系
I am writing to you in connection with your recent job application.
(16) Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books.
單詞：verify v. _____________
派生詞：____________ adj. 可證實的
___________ n. 確認，核實
翻譯：Before the bank was willing to lend him money, it had to verify that he had a house.
_____________________________________________
詞組：reference books ____________
查證，核實
verifiable
verification
在銀行同意借他錢之前，必須確認他有一套房子。
參考書
(17) This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.
語法：which引導 ___________
單詞：bearing n. _________________________
詞組：have a bearing on _____________________________
翻譯：Recent market fluctuations have had a direct bearing on company policy.
_____________________________________
定語從句
關系，聯系；行為，舉止
與……有關系，對……有影響
近期市場的波動對公司政策有直接影響。
(18) There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find.
單詞：like-minded adj. ______________
翻譯：Do the things you enjoy and you will meet like-minded individuals.
___________________________________________________
擴展：Great minds think alike. ________________
strong-minded adj. ____________
詞組：compare notes ___________
詞組：show off ______
志趣相投的
做一些自己喜歡的事情，你就能碰上志同道合的朋友。
英雄所見略同。
意志堅定的
交流經驗
炫耀
(18) There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find.
單詞：find n.
_______________________________________________
翻譯：Our new babysitter is a real find.
_______________________________
發現物，被發現的人（尤指有趣、有價值或有用者）
我們新來的保姆是難得的好保姆。
(19) So one’s circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to a meeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen, for collectors are not confined to any one country.
詞組：in search of ______
單詞：specimen n. ______
語法：for引導 ______________
單詞：confine v. _______________________________
翻譯：一次事故使他坐上了輪椅。
____________________________________________
尋找
標本
原因狀語從句
限制，使局限；使不外出，緊閉
An accident confined him to the wheel chair.
(20) Over the years, one may well become an authority on one’s hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to larger audiences.
(21)In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject, then from being able to take about it.
(22)Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.
單詞：constructively adv. _______________
單詞：contented adj. ___________
擴展（近義詞）：__________
詞組：_____________________ 對……感到滿意
單詞： boredom n. ____________
詞根： _______ v. 使厭煩
辨析：a bored man ______________
a boring man ______________

有益地，積極地
心滿意足的
content
be contented with
煩惱，無聊
bore
一個厭世的人
一個無趣的人
Part 3
Translation skills
專有名詞的翻譯
一、定義：
專有名詞，主要包括人名、地名、組織機構、作品名、商標品牌名等。
專有名詞的翻譯
二、專有名詞的翻譯方法：
1. 音譯：翻譯人名，地名最主要的一種方法。
2. 意譯：主要用于翻譯報紙、雜志、機關、團體等含有明顯意義的名稱。
3. 半音半譯：既含有英文的音又含有中文的意。
專有名詞的翻譯
三、翻譯的原則：
1. 名從主人：專有名詞的音譯和轉寫按照專有名詞指稱對象所屬國家或民族的讀音和寫法。
2. 約定俗成：使用范圍較廣的專有名詞應使用人們已經普遍接受的譯名。
3. 按實求名：根據專有名詞指稱對象的具體內容來確定名稱。
專有名詞的翻譯
一、音譯
在保持發原音的同時，具有某種含義，或與產品發生聯系。
1. 名從主人：
Johnson
Shakespeare
Washington
Nike
Eden
Shelly
強生
莎士比亞
華盛頓
耐克
艾登
雪萊
專有名詞的翻譯
2. 約定俗成（名字名稱）
中國人姓名的英譯一般應遵守先姓后名的原則。
如：外交部長唐家璇譯為
Tang Jiaxuan，Minister of Foreigner Affairs.
已為國內外譯者和學者所認可和接受的譯名，應尊重歷史加以沿用。如：
孔子
孫中山
Confucius
Sun Yat-sen
專有名詞的翻譯
二、意譯（直譯）
Times
The Times
The Daily Express
New York Post
New Weekly
Reader’s Digest
時代周刊
泰晤士報
每日快報
紐約郵報
新聞周刊
讀者文摘
專有名詞的翻譯
三、半音半譯法
Neon sign
Jeep
Sardine
Hamburger
霓虹燈
吉普車
沙丁魚
漢堡包
Part 4
bonus
一. 詞根：crim, crimin = separate 分開
來源于拉丁語cernere 分開,詞根crimin為詞根 crim 的變體，有同形異義詞根： crim 罪。
一. 詞根：crim, crimin = separate 分開
1. discriminate [dis- 分開 + -crim- 分開 + -ate (v.)]
v. 歧視，有差別地對待
2. discrimination
n. 辨別力，歧視
3. discriminator
n. 辨別者，鑒別器
4. nondiscrimination
n. 不歧視
一. 詞根：crim, crimin = separate 分開
5. indiscriminate [in- 否定 + dis- 分開 + -ate (a.) 形容詞后綴 ]
adj. 不加選擇的，不加區別的
6. indiscrimination
n. 無差別，無分別
二. 詞根：crim, crimin, crimine = crime 罪
來自拉丁語的 crimen(=accusation, crime) 意為crime， guilty, accusation 控訴，罪行。crimin, crime為詞根crim的變體，它還有一個有異形同義詞根：culp罪，犯罪。
二. 詞根：crim, crimin, crimine = crime 罪
1. criminal [crimin 犯罪 + -al 名詞后綴]
n. 罪犯
adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑事的
2. criminology n.犯罪學
3. incriminate（使處于有罪狀態in(=in) +crimin(=guilty)）
vt. 歸罪于；控告（某人有罪）
4. recriminate v. 反責；反訴
5. recrimination n. 反責；反訴
6. recriminatory adj. 反責的；反動的

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