資源簡介

(共153張PPT)
第一部分 復習講義
板塊一 閱讀
第三講　詞句猜測題
專題一 閱讀四選一
一、題型特點
詞句猜測題著重考查利用同義或反義關系、構詞法、語法和語篇上下文等理解生詞的能力。主要通過以下兩點進行考查：
1．要求根據閱讀材料，結合考生應有的常識和經驗判斷生詞、詞組或熟詞在特定語境中的含義以及一些句子的意思；
2．代詞指代題也是詞句猜測題的常考類型。
二、設問方式
1．What does the underlined word/phrase/sentence“...”in paragraph ...
mean/refer to
2．Which is the closest in meaning to“...” in paragraph ...
3．Which of the following words can replace the word/phrase “...” in paragraph ...
4．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph ...suggest
利用上下文線索猜測詞義
類型1　定義
常使用的信號詞匯：i．e．、 is、 are、 is/are called、 mean、 refer to、 known as等。
【典例】(2021·全國甲卷·閱讀理解C篇)
Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing．I loved it．I soon made friends with the local skaters．We spoke our own language．And my favorite：Safe．Safe meant cool．It meant hello．It meant don't worry about it．Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam(橫桿)，I fell onto the stones，damaging a nerve in my hand，and Toby came over，helping me up：
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Safe，man．Safe．A few minutes later，when I landed the trick，my friends beat their boards loud，shouting：“Safe! Safe! Safe！” And that's what mattered — landing tricks，being a good skater．
29．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe！” probably mean
A．Be careful！ B．Well done!
C．No way! D．Don't worry!
解題分析：根據選段中的“And my favorite：Safe．Safe meant cool．”可知，作者將“Safe”定義為“cool”，即“出色的”；同時結合下文可知，在作者成功完成了一次滑板動作后，同伴們都大喊“Safe! Safe! Safe！”來表示祝賀或鼓勵作者，夸作者“做得好”。
類型2　舉例
常出現的信號詞匯：such as、 such ... as、 for example、 for instance、 like、 including、 especially等。
【典例】(2020·北京卷·閱讀理解D篇)
Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous．For example，algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets，self-driving cars are appearing on city streets，and our smartphones are translating from one language into another．These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are．But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed．That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change．
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解題分析：根據畫線詞后的“For example”可知，下文是對畫線詞所在句的舉例。這些例子都是人工智能被廣泛應用到生活中不同領域的體現，由此可以推測出，畫線詞表示人工智能變得越來越普遍。
42．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous”in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Enormous in quantity． B．Changeable daily．
C．Stable in quality． D．Present everywhere．
類型3　重述
常見的信號詞匯：or、namely、that is、 in other words、 that is to say、to be more exact、to put it another way等。
【典例】(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解C篇)
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy：the digital declutter．This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days．At the end of the thirty days，you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value．
29．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Clear-up． B．Add-on．
C．Check-in． D．Take-over．
解題分析：畫線詞后的句子重述了“digital declutter”的過程，用以進一步解釋該詞。根據畫線詞后面的“step away from”可知，畫線詞表示“清除，清理”，A項含義與畫線詞含義相近。
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類型4　同義詞或近義詞
同義詞、近義詞常見的信號詞匯：and、or、like、as well、similarly、too、also、either等。
【典例】(2023·浙江1月卷·閱讀理解C篇)
Brilliant though it is，Project Debater has some weaknesses．It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together．This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make．Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out，yet they also point to a fundamental problem．As Kristian Hammond，professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University，put it：“There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about．”
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解題分析：根據畫線詞的上一句“This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make．”可知，這可能導致一些人類不會犯的錯誤。因此wrinkles指代errors。畫線詞wrinkles所在的句子表示“這樣的錯誤毫無疑問會被糾正”。
29．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Arguments． B．Doubts．
C．Errors． D．Differences．
類型5　反義詞
常見的表示對比或反義的信號詞匯：(whether...) or、 unlike、 but、 yet、 however、 while、 although、 nevertheless、 instead、 rather than、 in contrast、 on the contrary、 on the other hand等。
【典例】(2020·新課標Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解D篇)
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake．And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份)，it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid．
解題分析：根據畫線詞所在句的上半句可知，現有的研究認為：你應該避免和體重較重、點大份飯菜的人一起吃飯；后半句認為，你真正應該避免的是“the beanpoles with big appetites”。由“contrary to”可推斷出，畫線詞和heavier people意義相反。
13．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Big eaters． B．Overweight persons．
C．Picky eaters． D．Tall thin persons．
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根據上下文邏輯猜測詞義
作者并未在文中對某個單詞或短語進行明顯的解釋說明，此時可根據上下文的邏輯關系進行推理，以確定某一復雜難懂的單詞或短語的意義。
類型1　轉折關系
在猜測詞義時，兩個分句之間的邏輯關系往往給我們一些重要暗示，比如轉折關系。
【典例】(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷·閱讀理解D篇)
In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代碼) that powers AI but，thankfully，Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable．She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which，by the close，will make you feel almost as smart as AI．
32．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．If read by someone poorly educated．
B．If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned．
C．If written by someone less competent．
D．If translated by someone unacademic．
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解題分析：根據畫線短語后“but”及“thankfully”可知，前后語意轉折，前句應該是一種假設一個不是Campbell的作者，與后句中經驗豐富的作者進行對比。
類型2　對比關系
有時，文中會對兩個事物或現象進行對比性的描述，或者出現與生詞意思相反的詞。因此，考生可以根據句中的對比關系來猜測詞義。
【典例】(2023·浙江1月卷·閱讀理解B篇)
Live with roommates Have friends and family around you Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle，not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon．
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago，as I was living with my parents，and I continue to experience this with my husband，as he is not completely zero waste like me．I've learned a few things along the way though，which I hope you'll find encouraging if you're doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household．
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24．What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph
A．Share an apartment with you．
B．Join you in what you're doing．
C．Transform your way of living．
D．Help you to make the decision．
解題分析：畫線部分前的“Live with roommates？Have friends and family around you？”及“looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle”提及了對生活方式的渴望，再根據下文作者將自己在生活方式的選擇上與家人相對比推斷，此處表示當你想選擇更加可持續的生活方式時，不是身邊的所有人都會加入其中。
類型3　類比關系
常見的表示類比關系的信號詞匯：similarly、like、also、just as、as well等。
【典例】(2024·全國甲卷·閱讀理解B篇)
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit，but cats take this behavior up a notch．Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners．This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉動物)．Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you．These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time．So just go along with it!
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26．Which best explains the phrase “take ...up a notch” in paragraph 3
A．Perform appropriately． B．Move faster．
C．Act strangely． D．Do better．
解題分析：根據選段第一句以及接下來的描述可知，貓通過帶回物品給主人來表示愛意，這種行為比狗的取物行為更進一步，即做得更好。
根據構詞法猜測詞義
根據詞的前綴、后綴、詞根或所構成合成詞的意思，熟練運用構詞法來判斷生詞的含義是一種十分快速且有效的解題技巧。
【典例】(2020·新課標Ⅱ卷·閱讀理解B篇)
I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit．
...
My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring，and later．Sometimes students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it．Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken away — since I seldom actually kept them．Usually the offender would appear at the end of the day，and I would return the belonging．
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25．What do the underlined words “the offender” in paragraph 8 refer to
A．The student's parent．
B．The maker of the Grandma's Box．
C．The author's grandchild．
D．The owner of the forbidden fruit．
解題分析：根據構詞法知識可知，“-er”為名詞后綴，當其與動詞組合時，表示“做某事的人或物”；offend為動詞，意為“違反；冒犯”。所以offender有“犯規者；違反者”之意。結合上文中出現的“forbidden fruit”以及下文提到的“return the belonging”可推斷，畫線詞所在句表示，通常the offender會在放學的時候過來，作者就會把東西歸還給他/她。因此，the offender就是攜帶違禁物品的人。
根據上下文語境猜測詞義
對于詞匯或短語的理解，離不開特定的語境。因此，毫無疑問，上下文語境是進行詞義猜測最重要的線索。
【典例1】(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解C篇)
When reading texts of several hundred words or more，learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen．A large amount of research confirms this finding．The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text．
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解題分析：根據本段前兩句可知，在閱讀幾百字或更多字的文本時，紙質閱讀比屏幕閱讀的學習效果更好。再根據畫線短語所在句可知，當實驗人員把任務從易(比如找到閱讀文章的主旨)到難(需要抽象思維，比如從文本中推斷出結論)推進時，紙質閱讀的優勢尤為明顯，也就是變得容易被人注意到(become easy to notice)。
28．What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Seem unlikely to last． B．Seem hard to explain．
C．Become ready to use． D．Become easy to notice．
【典例2】(2023·全國甲卷·閱讀理解B篇)
Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself)．Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself．
24．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A．An artist． B．A winner．
C．A specialist． D．A pioneer．
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解題分析：根據選段中的“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself．”可知，泰瑞·博爾頓擅長搭架子和拼裝家具，她自己能做的工作從不付錢讓別人做。據此可知，她是自我動手方面的專家，故畫線部分意為“專家”。
隨堂演練促遷移
Passage 1
(2024·湖北武漢二模)
Peru's legislature is prepared to approve new laws that would make it easier to investigate and punish researchers who engage in academic cheating，including paying to have their names added to a scientific paper．
The move comes as Peru's national science agency seeks to crack down on authorship buying and other dishonest practices．It recently removed two scientists accused of dishonest publications from a national registry that is key to receiving government grants，job promotions，and salary bonuses．And officials are investigating many more researchers in the wake of an October media report that identified 180 individuals allegedly involved in academic misconduct，including 72 listed on the national registry who work at 14 universities in Peru．
The new laws will empower universities and government officials to punish such behavior．Dishonest publishing practices “transcend mere moral misbehavior” because they enable researchers to obtain government and private funding without telling the truth，says Edward Málaga Trillo，a member of Congress who is the driving force behind the bills，which lawmakers are expected to finalize early this year．“These individuals are operating academic cheating．”
Peru's academic community has been struggling with a rising tide of false authorship and related problems．One cause，some researchers say，is a 2014 law that aimed to stimulate research by rewarding researchers who boost their publishing output．For example，under a scoring system used by universities，researchers can earn five points for authorship in a high-impact journal，and two points when the journal is lower impact．Amassing points can bring bonus payments and career promotion．
Signs of dishonest publishing can be obvious，notes Nahuel Monteblanco，president of Cientificos．pe，a Peruvian group that investigates misconduct．Many of the papers cited by Punto Final have numerous co-authors from different nations with few prior publications on the same subject．“If your colleague consistently publishes 20 articles a year with co-authors from other countries，that's highly suspect，” Monteblanco says．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了秘魯準備通過新的法律，以便更容易地調查和懲罰從事學術作弊的研究人員，并且解釋了作弊的原因和現象等。
1．What action did Peru take recently to address academic cheating
A．Fining 72 offenders for academic dishonesty．
B．Disqualifying 2 scientists from a national registry．
C．Punishing 180 researchers for academic misconduct．
D．Withdrawing government funds from 14 universities．
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B　[細節理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，秘魯最近采取了從國家注冊中心取消2名科學家資格來解決學術作弊問題。]
2．Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “transcend” in paragraph 3
A．Change． B．Strengthen．
C．Go beyond． D．Approve of．
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C　[詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞下文“because they enable researchers to obtain government...‘These individuals are operating academic cheating．’”可推斷，上文意思是國會議員Edward Málaga Trillo說，不誠實的出版行為“超越了單純的道德不端行為”，所以transcend意為“超越”，和“Go beyond”同義。]
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3．What do we know about the 2014 law in Peru
A．It advocated a fair scoring system．
B．It applied to high-impact journals．
C．It led to an increase in false authorship．
D．It aimed to punish dishonest publishing．
C　[推理判斷題。根據題干定位到倒數第二段“One cause，...Amassing points can bring bonus payments and career promotion．”可知，一些研究人員表示，其中一個原因是2014年的一項法律，該法律旨在通過獎勵提高論文發表量的研究人員來刺激研究。例如，在大學使用的評分系統下，研究人員在高影響力期刊上的作者可以獲得5分，在影響力較低的期刊上可以獲得2分。積累的積分可以帶來獎金和職業晉升。因此可知，研究人員會想辦法提高論文的發表量，這樣就會導致虛假作者的增加。]
4．The most suspicion might be given to a productive researcher with ．
A．career promotion
B．consistent research focus
C．few citations by Punto Final
D．co-authors from various countries
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D　[細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Many of the papers cited by Punto Final have numerous co-authors from different nations with few prior publications on the same subject．‘If your colleague consistently publishes 20 articles a year with co-authors from other countries，that's highly suspect，’ Monteblanco says．” 可知，最值得懷疑的可能是擁有來自不同國家的合著者。]
Passage 2
(2024·山東濰坊二模)
I had to say something after reading The Anxious Generation．It is going to sell well，because Jonathan Haidt is telling a scary story about children's development many parents are led to believe．However，the book's repeated suggestion that digital technologies are rewiring our children's brains and causing the epidemic of mental illness is unsupported by science．Worse，the rude proposal that social media is to blame might distract (分心) us from effectively responding to the real causes of the current mental-health crisis in young people．
Researchers have searched for the effects suggested by Haidt．Our efforts have produced a mix of no，small and mixed associations．Most data are correlative．When associations over time are found，they suggest that not social-media use predicts or causes depression，but that young people who already have mental-health problems use such platforms more often or in different ways from their healthy peers．
We are not alone here．Several analyses and systematic reviews centralize on the same message．An analysis done in 72 countries shows no consistent or measurable associations between well-being and social media globally．Moreover，studies from some authorities find no evidence of intense changes associated with digital-technology use．
As a psychologist studying children's and adolescents' mental health，I appreciate parents' frustration (沮喪) and desire for simple answers．As a parent of adolescents，I would also like to identify a simple source for the pain this generation is reporting．There are，however，no simple answers．The beginning and development of mental disorders are driven by a complex set of genetic and environmental factors．
More young people are talking openly about their mental-health struggles than ever before．But insufficient services are available to address their needs．In the United States，there is，on average，one school psychologist for every 1，119 students．We have a generation in crisis and in desperate need of the best of what science and evidence-based solutions can offer．Unfortunately，our time is being spent telling stories that are unsupported by research and that do little to support young people who need，and deserve，more．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章是對《焦慮的一代》一書的評論。
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5．What is presented in The Anxious Generation
A．Scary stories affect children's brains．
B．Parents are responsible for children's health．
C．Teen's mental illness results from screen time．
D．The epidemic of mental illness is unavoidable．
C　[細節理解題。根據第一段中“However，the book's repeated suggestion that digital technologies are rewiring our children's brains and causing the epidemic of mental illness is unsupported by science．”可知，該書重復暗示數字技術正在重構我們孩子的大腦，并導致精神健康問題的流行。C項與該描述相一致。]
6．What does the phrase “the same message” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Many countries do research in mental health．
B．Well-being and social media are closely related．
C．The young are trapped in the mental-health crisis．
D．Social media don't necessarily cause mental illness．
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D　[詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前面的內容可知，“同樣的信息”指的是社交媒體并不一定導致心理健康問題。通過在72個國家進行的一項分析顯示，在全球范圍內，(心理)健康和社交媒體之間沒有一致的或可衡量的聯系。故畫線詞指代的是沒有一致或可測量的證據表明社交媒體與(心理)健康之間有密切關系。]
7．What is implied in the last paragraph
A．Effective action need to be taken．
B．Positive stories should be shared．
C．Financial support needs to be provided．
D．Broader research should be done．
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A　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后兩句可知，針對年輕人的心理健康問題，我們正在浪費時間講述沒有研究支持的故事，而這些故事對需要幫助的年輕人并沒有幫助，這暗示我們需要采取有效的行動來解決這個問題。]
8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To suggest ways to help those in need．
B．To encourage parents to brave the crisis．
C．To recommend a newly-published book．
D．To give a voice to children's mental issues．
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D　[推理判斷題。根據第一段前三句以及最后一段最后一句可知，作者的目的是引起人們對兒童心理健康問題以及真正引發該問題的原因進行關注和理解。D項符合作者的目的。]
針對性訓練6　閱讀理解——詞句猜測題(1)
Passage 1
(2024·江西鷹潭一模)
The Yellow River is the cradle (搖籃) of Chinese civilization．And flood control and prevention have always been key to the well-being of the people living along it．Now，scientists can better work on these issues by giving the river a digital twin．
The digital twin of the Yellow River uses various technologies，including big data，artificial intelligence，and the Internet of things．Devices set up along the river collect and transmit information to the command center．Based on the information，a 3D model of the river is presented on the computer screen．It's like the Yellow River has a twin that reflects its real conditions．
One big breakthrough in the river's digital governance (治理) is “smart stones”．According to Wang Qin，a lead researcher at the Information Center of Yellow River Henan Bureau，a smart stone is a water-proof stone-shaped device with chips，a battery，and a signal transmitter．They are buried in important dike (堤壩) locations to record and report the movement of dike stones．“Upon feeling movement of the dike stones，the smart stone sends an alarm to the command center for quick response，” Wang said．“In the past，researchers had to
learn the conditions of the dike on the spot by themselves，putting their lives at risk，” said Zhao Xiaoxiong from the bureau．“Now the smart stones can do this for us，more safely，quickly，and accurately．”
And in the sky，drones (無人機) are flying．On the routes designed by engineers，the drones become expert patrollers of the river，looking at its dikes and flood prevention projects．According to Shen Lin from the Yellow River Conservancy Commission，thanks to the drones，researchers at the command center can get first-hand photos and information．“Researchers then update the 3D model according to the changes the drones reported．The newly updated model helps us test our floodwater release plans in case we ever need to batten down the hatches，” said Shen．
Under the water and up in the sky，intelligent systems are helping to protect the Yellow River Basin on all fronts．According to the Ministry of Water Resources，in the future，we can expect to see the construction of an even more comprehensive digital system for this important river．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了黃河數字孿生體的創建目的、運行方式和發展。
1．What is the main purpose of creating a digital twin of the Yellow River
A．To conduct historical research．
B．To raise public awareness of river protection．
C．To improve flood control and prevention efforts．
D．To create a virtual tourist attraction．
√
C　[推理判斷題。根據第一段后兩句可知，創建黃河數字孿生體的主要目的是加強防洪工作。]
√
D　[細節理解題。根據第三段第三句可知，智能石頭通過監測和報告堤石的運動來為河流的數字化治理做出貢獻。故選D項。]
2．How do the smart stones contribute to the river's digital governance
A．They record water quality．
B．They serve as markers for important locations．
C．They enhance the river's beauty．
D．They monitor and report dike movements．
√
B　[細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的內容可知，無人機在黃河數字化治理中的作用之一是收集堤壩狀況信息。]
3．What is one of the functions of drones in the digital governance of the Yellow River
A．Entertaining tourists．
B．Collecting information on dike conditions．
C．Patrolling and taking wildlife photos．
D．Giving warnings of coming floods．
√
A　[詞義猜測題。根據第四段后三句可知，使用無人機可以獲得黃河水利情況的第一手資料，研究人員可以根據無人機發回的資料實時更新3D模型，這樣做可以提早預防洪澇等緊急情況，以便做出快速回應。故推知batten down the hatches應表示“做好迎接困難的準備”的含義，與A項同義。故選A項。]
4．What does the underlined phrase “batten down the hatches” in the fourth paragraph mean
A．Prepare for difficult times．
B．Foresee the future．
C．Work hard to achieve one's goals．
D．Overcome challenges．
Passage 2
(2024·湖南岳陽二模)
Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit at some point in their lives．Many will go to great lengths to try to stop．And while not all of us are nail-biters，most of us do have a habit we'd like to kick．So what's the best way to break one
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to a long-term behavior change．This isn't to say you can't break a habit．Rather，by understanding the basis of habits，you can create better plans for changing them．For example，we know habits are often affected by environments and routines．Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll through your phone，or watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a sugary snack．
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day．Then try to modify them by changing your routine or creating obstacles that make it more difficult to perform the habit in that space．Moving，switching jobs，or even starting a new schedule，is particularly a great time to break a habit or build a new one．
One 2005 study tracked university students' exercising，reading，and TV-watching habits before and after they transferred schools．When students were no longer around old environments and routines，their habits，even the strong ones，significantly changed．
For behaviors like nail-biting，a practice called habit reversal training can be helpful．Developed by psychologists in the 1970s，the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that's less detrimental．The training requires you to analyze and understand your habit cues，so you can effectively step in at the right time．For example，if you tend to bite your nails at work，keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance．Then，if a stressful email comes in，use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails．
Breaking a habit takes time，so remember to give yourself grace and have patience through the process．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些改變習慣的方法。
√
C　[推理判斷題。根據文章第一段可知，第一段以“咬指甲”這個壞習慣為例，引出文章主題即如何改掉習慣。]
5．Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in paragraph 1
A．To make a comparison．
B．To make a conclusion．
C．To introduce the topic．
D．To attract readers' attention．
√
D　[細節理解題。根據文章第三段第一句可知，管理行為最好的方法之一是確定時間或地點，即適應環境或時間。]
6．What is the best way to help us control our action
A．Having intentions alone．
B．Understanding the basis of habits．
C．Making practical plans．
D．Adapting the environments or times．
√
A　[詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“Developed by psychologists in the 1970s，the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that's less”以及后文的“For example ...use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails．”可知，如果收到一封壓力大的電子郵件時，當你感到想要咬指甲時，就使用這個玩具。即通過一種危害性較小的習慣來取代或者改變原有的習慣。由此可知，detrimental意為“有害的”。 ]
7．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Harmful． B．Helpful．
C．Annoying． D．Time-consuming．
√
C　[標題歸納題。根據文章第一段最后一句以及通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了如何改變習慣，包括了環境和常規的影響，以及一些有效的方法。C項是最好的標題。故選C。]
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Difficulties in Dealing with the Nail-biting Habit
B．Insignificance of Habit Reversal Training
C．Useful Tips on Getting Rid of a Habit
D．Necessity of Having Grace and Patience
Passage 3
(2024·安徽滁州二模)
The multipurpose AS700 civilian airship model recently received a major certification from the government，moving it closer to mass production，according to State-owned Aviation Industry Corp of China，the nation's leading aircraft maker．
The company said in a statement on Tuesday that the Civil Aviation Administration of China issued the type certificate to the AS700 on Dec．13，making the type the first manned airship in China to be domestically developed and certified．
Designed and built by the Special Aircraft Research Institute，the airship's research and development started in August 2018，with the main aim of meeting tourist demand for sightseeing air tours．
The airship has a maximum take-off weight of 4.15 metric tons and a maximum speed of 100 kilometers per hour．The plane is able to carry one pilot and nine tourists and is capable of flying 700 kilometers and staying in the air for up to 10 hours．
“After receiving the type certificate，we will cooperate with the airship's first users to develop a set of standard procedures for its business operations．And we will also work together to get the production certificate as soon as possible，” Zhao Xiajun，deputy director of the institute，said on Wednesday．“So far，we have signed several contracts for the first mass-produced AS700s．”
There will be plenty of space inside the aircraft，which will allow it to have cooking facilities and a washroom．It can also be equipped with high-end electrical devices to meet market needs for extravagant vehicles，according to designers．
With a comfortable flight experience，good economy and high safety，airships are a good choice for aerial (空中) tourism and cargo (貨物) transportation to remote areas，said Du Wei，project manager of the AS700．“Besides its potential in tourism，the AS700 will also be suitable for a wide range of civilian operations such as mineral prospecting，emergency rescue and so on．”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講的是多用途的AS700民用飛艇模型最近獲得了政府的型號合格證，從而使其大規模生產成為可能，同時文章還介紹了該飛艇模型的特點及使用前景。
√
A　[推理判斷題。根據文章第一段以及第二段可知，AS700已經獲得了中國民用航空局頒發的型號合格證。]
9．What do we know about the AS700 civilian airship
A．It has received the type certificate．
B．It will be put into operation in no time．
C．It has already been massively made．
D．It has been recognized by its first users．
√
B　[細節理解題。根據文章第三段可知，飛艇的設計和建造是為了滿足游客對空中觀光旅游的需要。故選B項。]
10．Why was the airship designed and built
A．To prove China's great development in space．
B．To satisfy tourist need for sightseeing air tours．
C．To make high profits from selling the aircrafts．
D．To promote cooperation between different nations．
√
C　[詞義猜測題。根據文章倒數第二段畫線詞之前內容以及畫線詞之后的“vehicles(車輛；交通工具)”可知，飛艇內部可以配備高端電器設備，所以可以滿足擁有高端設備的交通工具的市場需求，由此可以推測畫線詞的意思應為“奢侈的，豪華的”，與C項Luxurious(豪華的)意思相近。]
11．Which of the following has the closest meaning to “extravagant”？
A．Economical． B．Military．
C．Luxurious． D．Recyclable．
√
A　[推理判斷題。根據文章第一段以及文章其他段落的內容可知，文章主要介紹了AS700多用途民用飛艇模型的最新情況，即該飛艇模型最近獲得了政府的型號合格證，以及該飛艇模型的基本情況和使用前景，符合新聞報道的特點，所以文章是一篇新聞報道。]
12．What is the text
A．A news report． B．A film review．
C．An advertisement． D．A poster．
針對性訓練7　閱讀理解——詞句猜測題(2)
Passage 1
(2024·山東德州一模)
Think you have a good grasp of English Good．Read the six sentences below，then．
Sentence 1：The old man the boat．
Sentence 2：The cotton clothing is made of grows in Mississippi．
Sentence 3：Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana．
Sentence 4：Fat people eat collects．
Sentence 5：The man who hunts ducks out on weekends．
Sentence 6：The complex houses married and single soldiers and their families．
Linguists (語言學家) call these “garden path sentences”， which take you by the hand and lead you down a winding path to a dead end．Despite this，they're all grammatically correct．Let's see why．
Sentence 1：The old man the boat．
Besides sounding like a rejected Hemingway title，this sentence is indeed grammatically correct thanks to some well-placed homonyms—words that share the same spellings but have different meanings．Homonym 1 here is “old”， used as a noun，meaning “old people”； homonym 2 is “man”， used as a verb，meaning “to serve in/on”．With that in mind，the sentence means “The old people serve on the boat”．
Sentence 2：The cotton clothing is made of grows in Mississippi．
At first read，you'd think “is made of” is the main verb of this sentence．But it's not．The simplest form of this sentence is “The cotton grows in Mississippi”； confusingly，“clothing is made of” is used to tell us what cotton we're talking about．This sentence would make way more sense if written “The cotton that clothing is made of grows in Mississippi”， but English allows us to remove certain conjunctions like “that”， with its meaning maintained．
Sentence 3：Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana．
The first half of this sentence is easy to catch．So when dealing with the other half，people usually follow the structure of the first half，and it'd be understood as “fruits fly like bananas”．This is obviously unreasonable．Only when people rethink can they recognize the true meaning of the sentence．Therefore，such sentences manage to make people ignore the structure of the sentence itself，thus departing from its original meaning．
Come on! Take a walk down the garden path with the rest of the sentences．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對特殊的英文句子的理解。
√
A　[推理判斷題。根據文章第八段“Linguists call these...they're all grammatically correct．Let's see why．”可知，這些句子的特點是誤導但沒有錯誤。]
1．What's the characteristic of “garden path sentences” according to linguists
A．Misleading but error-free．
B．Accurate and plain．
C．Improperly-worded and meaningless．
D．Ungrammatical but comprehensible．
√
2．Which word is an example similar to the homonym of “man” in sentence 1
A．“grows” in sentence 2．
B．“eat” in sentence 4．
C．“hunts” in sentence 5．
D．“houses” in sentence 6．
D　[推理判斷題。根據文章第一個黑標題“Sentence 1：The old man the boat．”下的“Homonym 1 here is ‘old’， used as a noun，meaning ‘old people’； homonym 2 is ‘man’， used as a verb，meaning ‘to serve in/on’．”和第七段“Sentence 6：The complex houses married and single soldiers and their families．”可知，第6句中的“houses”可以是名詞“房子”，本句中用作動詞，意為“給(某人)提供住處”與第1句中“man”都是具有名詞詞性，在句子中用作動詞。]
3．Which of the following correctly interprets “fruit flies like a banana” in sentence 3
A．“fruit flies” refers to a sort of insect．
B．“flies” serves as the verb of the sentence．
C．“flies like” explains what fruit is talked about．
D．“like” has the same meaning as the “like” before it．
√
A　[句意理解題。根據文章第三個黑標題“Sentence 3：Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana．”下的“The first half of this sentence is easy to catch．So when dealing with the other half...thus departing from its original meaning．”可知，句子應該理解為“fruit flies”為句子主語，意為“果蠅”，指的是一種昆蟲；謂語是“like”意為“喜歡”；賓語是“a banana”，意為“香蕉”。]
4．What can be the troublemaker in sentence 4
A．The ill-placed verbs．
B．The removal of “that”．
C．The grammar mistakes．
D．The lack of noun behind “collects”．
√
B　[推理判斷題。根據文章第五段中“Sentence 4：Fat people eat collects．”可知，people前省略了that，that people eat為定語從句，修飾先行詞Fat，所以“that”的省略導致句子不好理解。故選B。]
Passage 2
(2024·廣東廣州一模)
When adult humans meet a baby，many can't help speaking in a higher-pitched (更高音的)，sing-song voice．This shift，known as parentese，is not unique to humans — it has also been observed in animals like monkeys and gorillas．Now，scientists are adding one more species to that list：bottlenose dolphins．
Dolphins are intelligent animals that live and hunt in groups．They communicate in a unique way：every individual produces its own signature sound that acts much like an ID card，usually by its first birthday．But how does each come up with its distinctive whistle For babies，it might have something to do with listening to Mum．To solve this mystery，researchers examined the sounds mother dolphins make．
Scientists studied 34 years' worth of recordings of sounds made by 19 female bottlenose dolphins．When the mother dolphins were near their young，they continued to make their signature sound，but at a higher frequency．They also used a wider range of frequencies than they did when their babies were not nearby．
This discovery suggests that using these modifications mother dolphins assist their young in learning how to produce these calls themselves．Since dolphin babies often spend some years with their mothers before living on their own，it makes sense that this adaptation would help them learn to communicate．At the very least，the higher-pitched whistle likely gets the babies' attention．“It's important for a baby to know，‘Oh，Mum's talking to me now，’” says marine biologist June Mann．
This kind of research could help us understand how language developed in humans．“It is absolutely essential to have basic knowledge about other species and how they communicate，” says Mann．“I would be really interested to see whether dolphins also change their sounds when interacting with babies of others，which is what happens in humans．”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了海豚媽媽通過教授幼崽使用獨特的聲音來教會幼崽說話。文章講述了研究開展的經過并闡述了研究的意義。
5．What do the underlined words “this mystery ” refer to in paragraph 2
A．Why dolphins live and play in groups．
B．How dolphins develop their unique sounds．
C．What aspects of intelligence dolphins possess．
D．Whether dolphins can use parentese like humans．
√
B　[詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“But how does each come up with its distinctive whistle For babies，it might have something to do with listening to Mum．To solve”以及后文“researchers examined the sounds mother dolphins make．”可知，海豚發出獨特的聲音與聽到海豚媽媽的聲音有關，所以為了解“海豚如何發出獨特的聲音”這個謎團，研究人員檢查了海豚媽媽發出的聲音。故畫線詞指的是“海豚如何發出獨特的聲音”。 ]
6．How did the researchers carry out their study of dolphins
A．By analyzing mother dolphins' sound features．
B．By recording parent-child interaction frequency．
C．By measuring the distance between the parent and the child．
D．By examining the speech organs of mother dolphins．
√
A　[推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Scientists studied 34 years' worth of recordings of sounds made by 19 female bottlenose dolphins．”可知，研究人員通過分析母海豚的聲音特征對海豚進行研究。故選A。]
7．What is a suggested reason why dolphin mothers use parentese with their young
A．To help them learn to talk． B．To teach them hunting skills．
C．To express their beautiful voice． D．To distract their attention．
√
A　[細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的“This discovery suggests that using these modifications mother dolphins assist their young in learning how to produce these calls themselves．”可知，海豚媽媽對幼崽使用父母語的原因是幫助它們學會說話。]
√
C　[寫作目的題。根據第一段的內容并通讀全文可知，文章主要說明了海豚媽媽使用獨特的聲音來教會幼崽說話，講述了研究開展的經過以及研究的意義。因此，本篇文章的目的是分享海豚交流的新發現。]
8．What is the purpose of the text
A．To compare the parentese of humans and dolphins．
B．To illustrate the development of dolphin intelligence．
C．To share new findings about dolphin communication．
D．To highlight the value of studying dolphins' language．
Passage 3
Kenya has been at the forefront (前沿) of the global war on plastic since the government banned single-use plastics in protected areas in June 2020．Unfortunately，the preventive measures have barely received attention．Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continues to get dumped into landfills daily．However，if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic heaps will soon be transformed into colorful bricks．
The materials engineer's seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017．She quit her job and set up a small lab in her mother's backyard．It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make them．But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up．
She says，“I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution．But I was very clear that the solution had to be practical，sustainable，and affordable．The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes．” Her company produces over
1，500 bricks a day．The pavers are made using a mix of plastic products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled．
The collected plastic is mixed with sand，heated at very high temperatures，and compressed (壓縮) into bricks that vary in color and thickness．The resulting product is stronger，lighter，and about 30 percent cheaper than concrete bricks．More importantly，it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic．“There is that waste they cannot process anymore and that they cannot recycle．That is what we get．” Matee says．
Matee is not nearly done．Her dream is to reduce the mountain of trash to just a hill by increasing production and expanding her offerings．She says，“The more we recycle the plastic，the more we produce affordable housing，the more we create more employment for the youth．”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了材料工程師Nzambi Matee通過自己的努力，創造性地解決塑料垃圾污染的問題。
9．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 imply
A．Matee's method can be effective if adopted．
B．Matee's idea has been widely accepted．
C．Colorful bricks are in huge demand．
D．Plastic waste hasn't attracted enough attention．
√
A　[句意理解題。根據畫線句子前的“However”可知，該句話的意思與畫線句子前的內容為轉折關系，根據畫線句子前的“Unfortunately，the preventive measures have barely received attention．Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continues to get dumped into landfills daily．”可知，政府的一些治理塑料污染的預防措施幾乎沒有取得實質的效果，大量的垃圾仍然被倒進垃圾填埋場，由此可知，畫線句子的意思與此相反，應為“如果Matee的方法被采用可能會有效”。]
10．Which of the following can best describe Nzambi Matee
A．Generous and ambitious．
B．Confident and grateful．
C．Creative and resolved．
D．Optimistic and modest．
√
C　[推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up．”可知，Matee絕不會放棄自己的想法，說明她很有決心。再根據第三段中的“The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes．”可知，她認為最好的方法是將廢物引入建筑空間，這種想法很有創造性，由以上內容可推知，Matee是一個有創造性且有決心的人。]
11．What is Nzambi Matee's ultimate purpose in using a mix of plastic products
A．To build cheaper houses． B．To support the government．
C．To reduce job opportunities． D．To tackle plastic pollution．
√
D　[細節理解題。根據第三段“She says，‘I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution...’...The pavers are made using a mix of plastic products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled．”可知，將塑料產品的混合物做成了鋪路磚的最終目的是解決塑料污染問題。]
12．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Kenya：A Pioneer in Banning Single-use Plastics
B．Nzambi Matee：An Innovator in Solving Plastic Waste Pollution
C．A Mix of Plastic Products：A New Construction Material
D．Plastic Recycling：A Creative Solution to Pollution
√
B　[標題歸納題。根據第二段中的“The materials engineer's seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017．”可知，材料工程師Nzambi Matee試圖找到方法來解決塑料垃圾污染問題，以及第三段中的“She says，‘...build homes．’”可知，她認為解決問題的方法必須是具備實用性，可持續性以及經濟適用性，她提出了將塑料垃圾用于建筑的想法，并結合全文可知，“Nzambi Matee：解決塑料垃圾污染問題的創新者”適合作文章的標題。]
針對性訓練8　閱讀理解——詞句猜測題(3)
Passage 1
(2024·浙江義烏二模)
Last night，I told my Argentinian friend that I had been using LangAI to practice my Spanish．It can not only correct my errors I told him but also give me different regional expressions in the language，including Mexican Spanish，Argentinian Spanish，and Spanglish．
And，unlike when I am chatting with him on social media，I do not have to factor in time zone differences．
My friend seemed less excited．“So，you've replaced me？” he joked．I haven't，of course．The convenience and width of an AI chatbot can't compete with the pleasures of chatting with someone whose personality I have learned over the course of years．It is，however，a useful supplement．
LangAI，one specific language-learning chatbot，was launched in March by Federico Ruiz Cassarino．He drew on his own experiences of learning English after moving from Uruguay to Britain．
Many people get self-conscious about making mistakes in a language they barely speak，even to a tutor，Ruiz Cassarino notes．But a chatbot won't judge you．And the new wave of generative AI is so advanced that rather than stick to boring pre-scripted(照本宣科的) role-plays，“you can speak about things that are interesting to you，which makes it feel like not as much of a chore to learn．” To this end，the team customized LangAI's interface to match users' vocabulary levels，added the ability to make corrections during a conversation，and enabled the conversion of speech to text．
AI-powered language learning apps have weaknesses．Users are reporting that chatbots are quite competent in widely spoken European languages，but the quality substantially worsens for languages that are less represented online or that have different writing systems．Even in common languages，the chatbots make errors，sometimes inventing words．This may not bother advanced learners much，but with these chatbots delivering text so confidently，it would be easy for a relatively new learner to take what they say as correct．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章通過講述LangAI的使用情況，說明了使用LangAI練習語言的優點和不足。
1．What advantages does AI have over my friend
A．Fix every error in conversations．
B．Display differences in languages．
C．Provide enjoyable conversations．
D．Offer round-the-clock assistance．
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D　[細節理解題。根據第一段中“And，unlike when I am chatting with him on social media，I do not have to factor in time zone differences．”可知，AI的優勢是可以提供全天候幫助。]
2．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The course of years．
B．Using LangAI to practice languages．
C．Chatting on social media．
D．The pleasure of chatting．
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B　[代詞指代題。畫線詞所在句前文“The convenience and width of an AI chatbot can't compete with the pleasures of chatting with someone whose personality I have learned over the course of years．”描述了使用人工智能聊天機器人練習語言的特點，從而推知畫線詞指的是“使用LangAI練習語言”。故選B項。]
√
A　[推理判斷題。根據第三段可知，提到Cassarino的語言學習經歷是為了突出創造LangAI背后的靈感。]
3．Why is Cassarino's language learning experience mentioned
A．To highlight the inspiration behind LangAI's creation．
B．To illustrate the challenges faced by language learners．
C．To compare the differences between different languages．
D．To show LangAI's emphasis on personalized experiences
4．What can LangAI do to support language learners
A．Scoring users' performance in conversations．
B．Generating speech according to the given text．
C．Creating new words by the rules of word formation．
D．Providing dialogues based on users' language proficiency．
√
D　[細節理解題。根據第四段最后一句可知，LangAI能根據用戶的語言水平提供對話來支持語言學習者。]
Passage 2
(2024·江蘇蘇錫常鎮二模)
Deforestation—by clear-cutting or wildfires—has massive consequences both on climate and health．But leaving reforestation to Mother Nature can take decades，particularly as disastrous wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity．And the time，costs and labor involved make traditional methods of tree planting not as practical as they once were．
Bryce Jones knows how hard it is to replant forests．For four months in 2013，he worked as a tree planter throughout Canada．“There's no technology there，” he says．“The only way you can accomplish reforestation is through the air．” But it wasn't until 2019 that he hit on the one that he thought had potential：use drones (無人機) to fire specially designed seed pods (莢) into the ground—at 10 times the normal rate and costing 20 percent less than traditional methods．He proposed the idea to his brother and Flash Forcer was born．His first goal was to plant a billion trees by 2025．
The team took out a loan，bought a drone and used 3D printers at Jones's school to make casts of the pods．Now，only two and a half years later，the company has a group of drones with each able to carry several thousand pods per flight．Three operators work in a field，controlling five drones，whose flight take 15 to 20 minutes．Flash Forcer's big draw is its seed pod，which contains everything seedlings (幼苗) need to promote survival．And its technology allows them to reach post-burn sites or remote areas that are difficult for traditional tree planting．
There are challenges every day，Jones says，as they work to improve the engineering，hardware，software and seed-pod recipes．Then there are the challenges presented by the climate—this year，record temperatures，record wildfires and drought．“That was something that was totally out of our control，” he says．
Unlike some traditional forms of reforestation，Flash Forcer is focused on biodiversity．For Jones，the target of planting a billion trees by 2025 is just the beginning．“I have a dream that the company will plant on six continents—everywhere where our technology is needed，” he says．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項無人機的創新應用——使用無人機進行森林再造。
√
D　[推理判斷題。根據第一段可知，作者在第一段想告訴我們用傳統的種樹方法不切實際，意思就是我們需要更先進的種樹方法，也就是采用新的種植方法的必要性。]
5．What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 1
A．The benefits of reforestation．
B．The power of AI machines．
C．The way of putting out wildfires．
D．The necessity of using new planting methods．
√
C　[細節理解題。根據倒數第三段的“Flash Forcer's big draw is its seed pod，which contains everything seedlings need to promote survival．And its technology allows them to reach post-burn sites or remote areas that are difficult for traditional tree planting．”可知，Flash Forcer最大的吸引力在于它的種子莢。]
6．What contributes to the particular appeal of Flash Forcer
A．Its drone operators． B．The frequent flights．
C．Its seed pod． D．The low cost of seedlings．
√
A　[代詞指代題。that為代詞，應是代指前文提到的事物，根據前文“Then there are the challenges presented by the climate—this year，record temperatures，record wildfires and drought．”可知，that代指前文提到的極端天氣。]
7．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．Extreme weather．　 B．Drone technology．
C．3D equipment． D．Computer software．
√
C　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段“‘I have a dream that the company will plant on six continents—everywhere where our technology is needed，’ he says．”可知，從本段可推斷也許Flash Forcer以后會推廣至全世界。]
8．What can we infer about Flash Forcer from the last paragraph
A．It changed its focus in the past．
B．It will achieve its final target in 2025．
C．It might be available worldwide one day．
D．It has replaced traditional forms of reforestation．
Passage 3
(2024·貴州貴陽一模)
Bees are more than just honey-makers．They are essential pollinators (傳粉者) that help maintain the balance of our ecosystems and the diversity of our crops．Bees are among the most diverse and plentiful insects on Earth，with over 20，000 species worldwide．They belong to the order Hymenoptera (膜翅目昆蟲)，which also includes wasps，ants，and sawflies．
Bees have evolved to feed on nectar (花蜜) and pollen from flowers，and in doing so，they transfer pollen from one flower to another，enabling fertilization (受精) and reproduction．This process，called pollination，is essential for the survival of many plants，especially those that produce fruit，nuts，seeds，and vegetables that we eat．
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)，bees and other pollinators affect 35% of global agricultural land，supporting the production of 87% of the leading food crops worldwide．
Pollination also enhances the quality and quantity of the crops，as well as their resistance to pests and diseases．Without bees and other pollinators，our food supply and our biodiversity would be at risk．
Unfortunately，bees are facing many threats，such as habitat loss，pesticide use，climate change，diseases，and invasive species．The FAO estimates that 16.5% of vertebrate (脊椎動物) pollinators and 40% of invertebrate pollinators，such as bees，are facing extinction．This could have serious consequences for our food security，our livelihoods，and our environment．
Therefore，it is important to protect the bees and their habitats，and to raise awareness about their role and value．
One way to appreciate and support the bees is to learn how to identify them and observe their behavior．You might be surprised by the diversity and beauty of the bees that visit your backyard，garden，or balcony．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蜜蜂不僅作為蜂蜜制造者，更是至關重要的傳粉者，對于維護生態系統平衡、豐富農作物多樣性起著不可或缺的作用，同時指出蜜蜂面臨的生存挑戰及對其保護的緊迫性。
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B　[細節理解題。根據第一段的“Bees are more than just honey-makers．They are essential pollinators that help maintain the balance of our ecosystems and the diversity of our crops．”可知，傳粉昆蟲很重要是因為它們在維持生態系統平衡和農作物多樣性方面至關重要。]
9．Why are pollinators important
A．They help the bees fertilize．
B．They keep the crops diverse．
C．They support the bees to make honey．
D．They protect insects such as wasps．
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A　[主旨大意題。根據第二段內容可知，第二段主要介紹了蜜蜂通過取食花蜜和花粉進行傳粉，從而幫助植物受精和繁殖的過程，即“傳粉是如何運作的”。 ]
10．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．How pollination works．
B．How the flowers attract bees．
C．How the bees reproduce．
D．How the plants produce fruits．
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C　[代詞指代題。根據第五段的“The FAO estimates that 16.5% of vertebrate pollinators and 40% of invertebrate pollinators，such as bees，are facing extinction．”可知，蜜蜂和其他傳粉者面臨滅絕的危機，“這種危機”可能導致嚴重的后果，因此，“This”指代的是“傳粉者生存危機”。 ]
11．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 5 probably refer to
A．Climate change． B．Pesticide use．
C．Pollinators' survival crisis． D．Bees' habitat loss．
√
12．Which would be the best title for the text
A．A Duty：Protect Bees' Habitat
B．A Means：Observe Bees' Behaviour
C．Bees：Maintainers of the Ecosystem
D．Bees：Consumers at the Top of the Food Chain
C　[標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段前兩句以及倒數第二段“Therefore，it is important to protect the bees and their habitats，and to raise awareness about their role and value．”可知，文章主要圍繞蜜蜂作為生態系統維護者的核心角色展開，論述了其傳粉功能對農業生產、生物多樣性和環境穩定性的重大意義，同時指出蜜蜂面臨的生存挑戰及對其保護的緊迫性。所以“蜜蜂：生態系統的維護者”適合作本文的標題。]
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