資源簡介

(共19張PPT)
X1U4 Fun with science
Reading——The human microbiome:
an invisible microuniverse
To describe the big influences microorganisms have on our body and mind;
To state the significance of exploring the tiny universe of the human microbiome；
To analyse the writing techniques of the blog post.
Check your recitation
1. Where can you find microorganisms
2. How do you think microorganisms harm or benefit us
2. How do you think microorganisms harm or benefit us
Microorganisms benefit us in various ways. For example, they are used to make certain foods we enjoy like cheese and yoghurt.
Others harm us by making us ill like the viruses that cause the common cold and the flu.
1. Where can you find microorganisms
As microorganisms are so tiny and numerous, I think they can be found everywhere. They live in water, soil and air, and on all objects. They are also found on and inside our body.
Warm up
Read
for structure
Para 1
Blog post
Paras 2-5
The Body
Para 6
Conclusion
Introduction
What is the genre(體裁) or type of the passage(expository writing說明文)
Para. 1
C. Microorganisms influence our body and mind in big unexpected ways.
Para. 2
B. The world of microorganisms is filled with possibilities waiting to be explored.
E. Our microorganisms come from our mother as well as the external environment.
D. Microorganisms can be used to improve human health.
A. Microorganisms influence our physical health.
Para. 4
Para. 3
Para. 5
Para. 6
F. Microorganisms influence our cognitive and psychological well-being.
Read
for
detailed information
2．Why aren't we afraid of microorganisms in our bodies
A．Because they are few in number.
B．Because they're not active.
C．Because most of them are to keep us healthy.
D．Because their structure is simple.
1. How many microorganisms live in and on our body
About 39 trillion.
para 1 read quietly
2．Which one is WRONG about the source of microorganisms in the body
A．Mothers pass them on to us.
B．Produced in our own bodies.
C．The impact of foreign microorganisms on us.
D．All microorganisms stay constant in our lives.
1. Why are the microorganisms we receive from our mother essential
Because we need them to survive and grow.
para 2 listen to the tape
para 3 Discuss and design a mind map
physical
health
( )
( )
( )
impact of ( )
impact of ( )
impact of ( )
para 4 listen to the tape and fill in the blanks
The influence of microorganisms goes__________physical health to our ________ and psychological well-being. Believe it or not, gut microorganisms affect ______ well the brain functions. ______ scientists are still at the early stages of uncovering exactly how gut microorganisms communicate with the brain, they do know that the brain and the gut “talk” to each other. For example, when the body is stressed, ill or old, some gut microorganisms respond negatively,__________ harmful substances_______ may enter the brain through the bloodstream. When the immune system _______ these substances, it often kills healthy brain nerve cells. Furthermore, gut microorganisms help regulate brain chemistry with certain chemicals they produce, so an __________of beneficial and harmful microorganisms in the gut can _________ affect brain chemistry. These gut-brain __________ sometimes result in such problems as memory loss and ____________. It is therefore important that we take good care of our gut microorganisms so as____improve our cognitive_____________ and enhance our psychological health.
how
beyond
While
cognitive
releasing
which
attacks
imbalance
negatively
interactions
depression
to
capabilities
Q1: The findings have given rise to a whole new class of medicines.
Q2: We can improve the immune system through microbiome transplants.
Q3:We have developed microbiome vaccines.
Q3: Microbiome vaccines could get rid of current health issues.
para 5 read aloud
TRUE or False
In the future, we might even be capable of developing “microbiome vaccines”
√
×
√
√
In the last paragraph, the author uses a writing technique—Simile(明喻) Please find the sentence.
The invisible microuniverse is filled with endless possibilities waiting to be explored, just like the great universe out there.
The author compares ______________________ to _____________.
para 6
the world of microbiome
the universe
Critical thinking
Describe the big influences microorganisms have in our daily life.
Critical thinking
Besides the influences microorganisms have in this passage, they can also be used to create food, dinks and medicine.
Food: yoghurt, cheese...
Drinks: beer. wine...
Medicine: probiotic drugs(益生菌藥物), antibiotics(抗生素)
Homework:
Finish the exercises at the end of the book
Science is a way of life. Science is a perspective. Science is the process that takes us from confusion to understanding in a manner that’s precise, predictive and reliable …
—Brian Greene
科學是一種生活方式?？茖W是一種觀點?？茖W是以一種精確、前瞻、可靠的方式使我們從困惑走向理解的過程……
——布賴恩·格林
Thank
you

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