資源簡介

(共46張PPT)
Grammar & Usage
Simple, compound and complex sentences
Let’s talk teens
UNIT
2
Lead-in
他們要去和人打架。
They are going to have a fight with someone.
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓
主語
↓
謂
語
↓
定語
↓
賓
語
↓
同位語
↓
地
點
狀
語
↓
時
間
狀
語
Sentence elements
Complement
補語
Parents’ control makes you unhappy.
Predicative
表語
You are not alone.
Lead-in
Watch a video. Try to describe the scene!
他們要去和人打架
他們要去和人打架，但是我不知道為什么。
我想知道他們要去和誰打架
Lead-in
他們要去和人打架，但是我不知道為什么。
They are going to have a fight with someone, but I don’t know why.
I don't know why they are going to have a fight with someone.
Lead-in
我想知道他們要去和誰打架。
I wonder whom they are going to have a fight with.
A simple sentence
（簡單句）
a subject
a verb
Rule 1
1
主謂賓補
S + V
S + V + P
S + V + O
S + V + O + O
S + V + O + C
Sentence structures
2
3
4
5
Simple sentence
主謂
主系表
主謂賓
主謂賓賓
一、簡單句(Simple sentence)：
E.g. A little bird is singing.
E.g. They all like them.
E.g. He and she like to play basketball.
E.g. Lucy and Jack listen to music and sing songs
句子中只有一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語），即句子只有一個主謂結構。
并列主語
并列主語和并列謂語
E.g. Lucy and Jack listen to music and Linda sings songs
Decide whether the following sentences are simple sentences or not and underline the subject and verb of each sentence.
(1) Mary often argues with her mother.
(2)Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the challenges of your teenage year will prepare you for adulthood.
(3) Your parents are often the first targets of your anger.
√
√
╳
S
V
S
V
S
S
V
V
a linking word
A compound sentence
（并列句）
contains two or more ;
use :
and, but,
or, so, for…
Rule 2
linking word
main clauses
Compound sentences(并列句)
Rule 2
A compound sentence contains _____________ main clauses. We use linking words such as________, or, ________, so or for to link the clauses.
two or more
1. The internet is useful and we use it a lot.
2. I have traveled to many places, but I still want to visit more.
3. Shall I send the book to you, or will you come to get it
4. I cannot tell Mary’s appearance, for I have never seen her.
and
but
并列句是由并列連詞連接的兩個或兩個以上的簡單句。
Find out all the compound sentences and circle the linking words.
(5) It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry.
(8) Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users.
(13) There is a lot to see, so take some time to look around our website!
two simple sentences/main clauses
two simple sentences/main clauses
two simple sentences/main clauses
Please judge whether the following sentences are simple sentence or compound sentence.
1. He ran to the bookstore and bought the novel.
2. He listens to the class carefully, and she writes down the notes.
3. It’s very small, but it’s so beautiful.
4. Heated arguments and cold silences are common.
Simple sentence
Compound sentence
Compound sentence
Simple sentence
Please combine sentences into a compound sentence with an appropriate conjunction.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
1. He was tired. He went to bed.
2. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.
He made a promise, but he didn’t keep it.
A complex sentence
主從復合句
one clause
at least one clause
subject
predicative
object
attributive
adverbial
Rule 3
main
subordinate
三、主從復合句(Complex sentence)：
What I am concerned about is your health.
I hope that high school will be more exciting.
My suggestion is that you should calm down.
I heard the news that our team had won.
由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成的句子結構叫主從復合句。
主句為句子的主體部分，從句無法獨立，可充當句子的主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語等。（從句分為定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句）
復合句與并列句的區別在于，前者有主句和從句之分，而后者沒有，分句和分句之間的關系是平等的。連接并列句的詞叫并列連詞，而連接復合句的詞叫從屬連詞。
1.主從復合句是由 和 構成的句子。
2.復合句中的從句主要包括：名詞性從句、 和 。
3.名詞性從句主要包括: 主語從句， 賓語從句， 表語從句和同位語從句它們在主句中分別作 、 、 、 。
4.定語從句相當于一個 詞，用來修飾一個 ，在主句中作定語。
5.狀語從句 像 詞一樣，修飾 ，或 。根據表達的意思分為： 、 、 、 、 、 、 、_____
三.復合句
一個主句
定語從句
名詞或代詞
一個或一個以上從句
狀語從句
主語
賓語
表語
同位語
副
謂語動詞
整個句子
時間
地點
條件
原因
目的
結果
方式
讓步
形容
　請認真閱讀下列句子，并指出加黑部分是什么從句
句子 從句類型
That is why he did not come to school yesterday. 那就是昨天他沒來上學的原因。 ________
He said that some teenagers didn’t work hard. 他說有些青少年學習不努力。 ________
I won’t forget the day when I had an argument with him. 我忘不了和他吵架的那一天。 ________
表語從句
賓語從句
定語從句
I will meet my friend where I met my teacher last time. 我會在上次見到我老師的地方見我的朋友。 ____________
He made so inspiring a speech that everyone got excited. 他發表了如此鼓舞人心的演講，以至于大家都很激動。 ____________
When the plane is to take off has not been announced. 飛機何時起飛尚未宣布。 _________
We heard the news that our team had won. 我們聽到了我們球隊獲勝的消息。 ___________
地點狀語從句
結果狀語從句
主語從句
同位語從句
只有一個主謂結構
一個主句+
一個（以上）從句
簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句
A
Simple sentences
Compound sentences
Complex sentences
2, 3, 4, 6
5, 8, 13
1, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12
Below is an introduction on the home page of a website for teenagers. Match each sentence with the correct type in the table below. Write down the numbers.
A simple sentence contains a subject and a verb.
A compound sentence contains two or more main clauses. We use linking words such as (1) ______, or, (2) ______, so or for to link the clauses.
A complex sentence contains one main clause and at least one subordinate clause（從句）. A subordinate clause can be the subject, predicative, object, appositive, attributive or adverbial of the sentence.
Working out the rules
but
and
Below are some tips on how to use TeenHealthWeb. Join each pair of sentences to form a compound or complex sentence.
B1
1 Your password should be at least eight characters long. This makes it difficult to guess. ____________________________________________________________________________
2 Posts should not give out personal information. They should not include advertisements.
____________________________________________________________________________
Your password should be at least eight characters long because this makes it difficult to guess.
Posts should not give out personal information and they should not include advertisements.
3 Describe your problems clearly. Other people can understand them easily.
____________________________________________________________________________
4 The experts will reply to you. They see your posts.
____________________________________________________________________________
5 What do you think of our forum Let us know.
____________________________________________________
Describe your problems clearly so other people can understand them easily.
The experts will reply to you as soon as/when/once they see your posts.
Let us know what you think of our forum.
Teresa is talking to her friend Jack about her plete the conversation with the correct linking words in the box below.
B2
and because but how
if that unless why
Teresa: I’m under a lot of stress these days (1) ________ my parents are always comparing me with my friends. They’re never satisfied (2) ______ I do better than all my friends—in schoolwork, in hobbies, in everything!
Jack: That’s terrible. I can see (3) _____ you’re anxious. You should tell your parents (4)_____ you’re trying your best. There’s no point in comparing you with others all the time. Everyone is unique.
Teresa: I know, (5) ____ my parents don’t seem to understand that. (6) ___ they continue like this, I’ll lose confidence in myself.
because
unless
why
that
but
If
Jack: I think your parents are too strict with you. Don’t take a passive role in the relationship. Talk to them. Let them know (7) _____ you feel. Sometimes, competition can push you to do better. Right now, it’s just making you anxious and having a bad influence on your performance.
Teresa: Thank you, Jack. I’ll try talking to my parents.
Jack: Cheer up, Teresa. They’ll understand (8) _____ everything will turn out all right!
how
and
Translate the sentences.
1、What I’m concerned about is your health.
我所擔心的是你的健康。
2、Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.
激烈的爭論和冷淡的沉默在青少年和他們的父母之間很常見。
主從復合句（complex sentence）
主語從句（subject clause）
簡單句（simple sentence）
3、We have won the tug of war（拔河比賽）, for we struggled for it.
我們贏得了拔河比賽，是因為我們為此而奮斗。
4、I think (that) you should have a regular communication with your parents.
我認為，你應該和你的父母定期交流/頻繁交流。
5、My suggestion is that you (should) calm down under stress.
我的建議是你應該在壓力之下保持冷靜。
并列句（compound sentence）
主從復合句（complex sentence）
賓語從句（object clause）
主從復合句（complex sentence）
表語從句（predicative clause）
Please combine two sentences into a complex sentence with an appropriate conjunction.
1. He has found out. She was late. (why)
He has found out why she was late.
2. I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. (when)
I still remember the day when I first went to York.
Please combine two sentences into a complex sentence with an appropriate conjunction.
1. He didn’t come yesterday. He was ill. (原因)
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
2. I’ll give the letter to him. I see him. （時間）
I’ll give the letter to him when I see him.
I’ll give the letter to him as soon as I see him.
I’ll give the letter to him the moment I see him.
3. It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. （結果）
4. We’ll go to the Great Wall. It’s fine tomorrow. (條件)
5. We should not go there all the time. The place is quite pleasant. (讓步)
It is such a big box that nobody can move it.
We’ll go to the Great Wall if it’s fine tomorrow.
Although the place is quite pleasant, we should not go there all the time.
只有一個主謂結構
一個主句+
一個（以上）從句
簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句
Let’s summarize
Please point out the types of sentences below.
1.Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.
2.The good news is that this stormy period will not last.
3.Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood.
simple
compound
complex
4.It is our duty to love our country and our environment.
5. Nowadays, websites are springing up, and I will turn to experts from relevant websites for help.
6. I will consult my teachers because they can give me useful and practical advice.
simple
compound
complex
1. English has hurt me a thousand times, but
I still regard it as my first love.
Practice: 分析句子結構
2. You can't have a better tomorrow if you're still thinking about yesterday.
(
)
主謂賓 + but + 主謂賓賓補
主謂賓 + if 狀語從句(主謂賓)
并列句
復合句
3. Sometimes you will never know the true value of a moment until it becomes a memory.
4. Attempt doesn't necessarily bring success, but giving up definitely leads to failure.
主謂賓 + never... until 狀從(主系表)
主謂賓 + but + 主謂賓
(
)
復合句
并列句
5. The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
6. Dear Daddy, I may find a prince someday, but you will always be my king.
主系表
主謂賓 + but + 主系表
簡單句
并列句
7. The best color in the whole world, is the one that looks good on you!
8. Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
主系表+ that定語從句(主系表)
Whatever主語從句(主系表) + 系表
(
)
(
)
復合句
復合句
9. Dream is what makes you happy, even when you are just trying.
10. The most important thing in life is not how long you will live, but whom you are living with.
主系 + what表語從句(主謂賓賓補)
+ when狀語從句(主謂)
主系 + not表語從句(主謂)
+ but表語從句(主謂賓)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
復合句
復合句

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