資源簡介

(共42張PPT)
虛擬語氣
高考·一輪復習
MOOD
英語中有幾種語氣？
1、陳述語氣：用來陳述事實。
有肯定、否定、疑問或感嘆等形式。
My father drove me to the village. （肯定）
People don’t like wars. （否定）
What a strange-looking person he is! （感嘆）
Are you joking （疑問）
2. 祈使語氣：
用來表示請求、命令或勸告。
Sit down, please!
Let me have a try.
3. 虛擬語氣：
表示說的話不是事實或不可能發(fā)生的情況，
而是一種愿望、建議、假設等。
虛擬語氣
If God could give me another chance, I would tell the girl three words: I love you.”
虛擬語氣
If God could give me another chance, I would tell the girl three words: I love you.”
虛擬語氣
人生三大悲劇
could have (done) 本來能 ......
should have (done) 本來該 ......
would have (done) 本來會 ......
if引導的條件句
時態(tài) 構成 虛擬條件從句 主句
與現(xiàn)在事實相反 If + 主語 + did (be用 were) could/would/might/should + do
與過去事實相反 If + 主語 + had done could/would/might/should + have done
與將來情況相反 If + 主語 + did If + 主語 + were to do If + 主語 + should do could/would/might/should + do
if引導的條件句
主句中情態(tài)動詞本身含義：
could 能；能夠
might 或許，可以
would 會，愿意
should 應該
練習
如果我是你，我會每天努力學習。
If I you, I study hard every day.
如果我現(xiàn)在有時間，我就能幫你修電腦。
If I time now, I help you repair the computer.
如果我昨天參加了會議，我本會見到瑪麗。
If I （attend） the meeting, I (meet) Mary.
如果他昨天不忙，他就或許來拜訪你了。
If he (busy) yesterday, he (visit) to you.
如果明天下雨，運動會會被推遲。
If it tomorrow, sports meeting put off.
were
would
（“我”不是“你”）
had
could
與現(xiàn)在的事實相反
had attended
could have met
hasn’t been busy
might have visited
rained
would be
與過去的事實相反
與過去的事實相反
與將來的情況相反
進階訓練
If she hadn’t trained so hard before, she could not run so fast now.
如果她以前沒有那么刻苦訓練，她現(xiàn)在就不可能跑得這么快。
條件從句
主句
過去完成時
情態(tài)動詞（could）+ 動詞原形（run）
過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響
進階訓練
If it had rained much last year, the crops would grow better now.
如果去年雨水充足，莊稼現(xiàn)在會長得更好。
條件從句
主句
過去完成時
情態(tài)動詞（would）+ 動詞原形（grow）
過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響
進階訓練
If I were you, I would have gone to the party last night.
如果她以前沒有那么刻苦訓練，她現(xiàn)在就不可能跑得這么快。
條件從句
主句
現(xiàn)在
過去: 情態(tài)動詞（would）+have done
通過反事實假設表達對過去行為的看法
（隱含 “你昨晚應該去派對” 的建議）
2.錯綜時間條件句（或混合條件句）
如果從句所假設的謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設的謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間不一致，
這種條件句叫錯綜時間條件句（或混合條件句）。
這時，主句和從句謂語動詞形式依各自假設時間而定。
3. if 虛擬條件句的倒裝：
規(guī)則 把從句中的were/had/should提前，省略if.
If you had’t helped me, I should have failed.
If he should have any time tomorrow, he would come.
If I were in your position, I should go.
If you had arrived at the station 10 minutes earlier, you could have caught the train.
If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out.
Had you not helped me, I should have failed.
Should he have any time tomorrow, he would come.
Were I in your position, I should go.
Had you arrived at the station to 10 minutes earlier, you could have caught the train.
Should it rain tomorrow, I would not go out.
4. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
第一種情況：
wish that
現(xiàn)在：did/ were
過去：had done
將來：might/would/could + do
4. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
I wish that I ten years younger. (be)
I wish that it summer now. (be)
I wish that you out now. (go)
He wished that he the exam last week. (pass)
I wish that I to Mary’s party last night. (go)
We wish that he tomorrow. (come)
were
were
went
had passed
had gone
would come
現(xiàn)在
過去
未來
4. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
第二種情況：
在表示建議、命令、要求等動詞后的賓語從句用（should）do
常見動詞：advice/ be eager (anxious) / insist / request/ demand/ suggest/ propose/ ask/ recommend/ require/ order/ warn
口訣：A bird sparrow
4. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
注意：
suggest
建議： should 虛擬
暗示;表明→不虛擬
insist that
堅持；要求 should 虛擬
堅持說；堅持認為→不虛擬
4. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
Her pale face suggested that she was ill. (病了)
Mary suggested that we should send the patient to hospital.
The boy insisted that hadn’t broken the window and he shouldn’t be punished.
5. 主語從句中的虛擬語氣
① It is adj. that : （should）do [should 很少省略]
adj. : natural/ important/ necessary/ proper/ advisable/ strange/ surprising/ wonderful/ unusual
It’s important that we should master a foreign language.
It’s unusual that he should go to school so early.
5. 主語從句中的虛擬語氣
② It is P.P. that : (should) do
(建議、命令、要求)
It’s suggested that we should finish the work today.
It’s desired that we should get everything ready.
6. 表語從句中的虛擬語氣
② as if/ though 引導表語從句，虛擬與wish相同
He looks as if he ill. (be)
It seemed as if he the truth. (know)
注意：as if/ though 也引導狀語從句，虛擬形式同上
were
had known
6. 表語從句中的虛擬語氣
① My suggestion is that we should send for a doctor.
表示建議、命令、要求的詞做主語，后面表語從句用（should）do
翻譯：老板的命令是我們今天完成工作。
The boss order is that we should finish the work today.
6. 表語從句中的虛擬語氣
as if/ though 也引導狀語從句，虛擬形式同上
She loves the baby as if he her own son. (be)
They talked as if they friends for years. (be)
She cried as if her heart . (break)
was
had been
would break
4. 定語從句中的虛擬語氣
易考句型：
It is (high/about) time that
did
should do (should不能省略)
到做……的時間了
練習：
到了你睡覺的時間了。
It is high/about time that to bed.
to bed.
went
should go
4. 定語從句中的虛擬語氣
進階練習：到了這個問題被討論的時間了。
did
should do
It is (high/about) time that
＋
the problem
(should不能省略)
discussed
should discuss
8. 同位語從句中的虛擬語氣
帶有建議、命令、要求的名詞后面的同位語從句后
用(should) do.
They received orders that the work should be done at once.
What do you think of his suggestion that we should have a rest.
9. 狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
① as if/ though
② in order that
so that
目的狀語從句：
can, could, may, might + do
+
Turn on the lights so that we can see what it is.
Return the book on time in order that others could have a chance to borrow it.
Speak louder so that everyone may hear you.
9. 狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
③ lest 唯恐；免得
for fear that 以免，生怕
in case 以防
狀語從句：(should) + do
+
He took his rain coat with him lest it should rain.
He burned all the documents for fear that they should fall into the enemy’s hand.
Be quiet in case you should wake the baby.
10. 表示祝愿的句子中的虛擬語氣
① long live + 主語
人民萬歲！
Long live the people.
② May + 主語+ 動詞原形
May you succeed!
May our friendship last forever!
11. 其他形式的虛擬語氣
① If only + 陳述句
現(xiàn)在：did/ were
過去：had done 將來：might/would/could + do
同：wish, as if
11. 其他形式的虛擬語氣
If only I his name. （know）
If only I to his advice. (listen)
If only it raining. (stop)
knew
had listened
would stop
11. 其他形式的虛擬語氣
要是我現(xiàn)在有所大房子就好了。
要是昨天我通過考試就好了。
If only I had a big house now.
If only I had passed the exam yesterday.
11. 其他形式的虛擬語氣
②would rather (that) 從句
現(xiàn)在、將來：did/ were
過去：had done
11. 其他形式的虛擬語氣
我寧愿你現(xiàn)在付給我錢。
我寧愿昨晚去參加了李明的年會。
我寧愿你明天代替我去那兒。
I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather had gone to Liming’s party last night.
I would rather you went there instead of me tomorrow.
11. 其他形式的虛擬語氣
③ would rather
have done: 寧愿做過……
not have done : 寧愿沒做過
have done A than done B
寧愿做過A而沒做過B
11. 其他形式的虛擬語氣
我寧愿昨晚待在家里。
我寧愿昨晚沒參加他的聚會。
我寧愿昨晚待在家里而沒有參加他的聚會。
I would rather have stayed at home last night.
I would rather not have gone to his party.
I would rather have stayed at home than gone to his party.
模擬演練
1．【2021年天津卷第一次】It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A．need B．should C．could D．must
句意：以前你可能在這里開了幾英里，都沒見過別人，但現(xiàn)在到處都是房子和人。
√
模擬演練
2.【2021年天津卷第二次】 ---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A. may have made
B. should have made
C. couldnt have made
D. needn't have made
—老實說，我覺得我不會被錄取。
—唉，誰知道呢!你給人的印象可能比你想象的要好。
√

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