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(共33張PPT)
專題七 狀語從句
句子成分？
主干成分：
修飾成分：
主語、謂語、賓語、表語
同位語、定語、狀語、補語
狀語的定義
狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、整個句子
Unluckily, I got up very late today.
He writes carefully.
He walks slowly.
He is extremely happy.
He runs very slowly.
Unfortunately, he lost all of his money.
練習：判斷下列句子中的副詞
狀語的分類？
狀語
時
地
原
目
結
程
條
方
伴
比
讓
時間
地點
原因
目的
結果
程度
條件
方式
讓步
比較
伴隨
何為狀語從句？
狀語
時
地
原
目
結
程
條
方
伴
比
讓
從句充當狀語
用一個從句（引導詞+句子）去修飾動詞。
I was doing my homework when my mom came back.
主句的動詞
狀語從句
I was doing my homework when my mom came back.
完整的句子
完整的句子
聯系
邏輯
并列句（4）
狀語從句（9）
and、but、or、so
when、where、because、if、so that(目的)、so....that(結果)、although、than、as
I have finished my homework so my mother allowed me to play outside.
狀語從句常見從屬連詞
類型 常見從屬連詞
時間狀語從句 when(當)， while(在……期間)，as (隨著，一邊……一邊……)， before在..之前， after在..之后， since自從，until / till直到..為止，not...until直到..才，as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，no sooner....than，the minute/moment/instant，hardly/scarely/barely...when 一...就every/each time每次, next/last time下次，上次, the first time第一次, by the time到...時候，the day/year/morning這一天/年/早上...
原因狀語從句 because(因為)， as(由于)， since(既然)，now that既然，由于，in that因為，given/considering that鑒于,考慮到
狀語從句常見從屬連詞
條件狀語從句 if 如果， unless除非，once一旦，as/so long as只要，provided只要，only if只要，
on condition that條件是，in case萬一
目的狀語從句 so that， in order that為了，in case以防，for fear that以防，lest以免
結果狀語從句 so that(這樣，結果)，so/such...that如此...以至于
地點狀語從句 where(在……地方)，在哪里，anywhere在任何地方，everywhere到處....
狀語從句常見從屬連詞
比較狀語從句 (as...)as和...一樣，(not as/so...)as不如，比較級+ than比
方式狀語從句 as(按照，像……那樣)，as if或as though(好像)
讓步狀語從句 （疑問詞 + ever 可引導讓步狀語從句，還可引導名詞性從句） although（不倒裝）， though（倒不倒都可以）， as（需要倒裝），while(雖然，句首)，
whenever(=no matter when無論何時)，
wherever (=no matter where無論哪里)，
whatever (=no matter what無論什么) ，
however (=no matter how無論如何) ，
whether...or...(無論……還是……)
even if/though(即使)
連接詞：時間狀語從句
till, until, not...until
做
不做
不做
做
She lived with her parents she was 18.
She didn’t live with her parents she was 18.
till/ until
until
she was 18 with her parents.(倒裝形式)
（till/until）
(not...until)
她和父母一起生活到十八歲。
她直到十八歲才和父母生活在一起
Not until
did she live
“直到......為止”
強調的是動作或狀態的持續，直到某個時間點結束
強調的是動作會在某個時間點開始
“直到......才”
注意：當Not until置于句首時，主句要進行部分倒裝
as soon as引導的時間狀語從句
◆譯為“一…就…”，表示從句動作一發生，主句的動作馬上就發生。
翻譯：他一回來我就告訴他這件事。
I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.
◆相當于as soon as 用法的詞或短語還有：
immediately,directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等.
I’ll give him your message the minute he arrives.
Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake.
名詞短語連接的時間狀語從句
2. each time(每當); every time (每次)等名詞性短語（time還可與first, second, third, last等序數詞連用）；
The minute you do this, you will lose control.
Next time you come, please bring your composition.
I lost in memory the day you went away.
1. the + 表示瞬間的名詞，如: the moment, the instant, the minute, the second等；
3. the morning (afternoon, evening, night, day, month, year, spring, summer, autumn, winter)等表示早晚年月季節的名詞短語。
真題鑒賞
he finished his description, I knew it would be years
everything got right.
A. At the moment; since
B. At the moment; before
C. The moment; since
D. The moment; before
注意：這些名詞短語連接時間狀語從句時前面不加介詞。
= .
no sooner… than…; hardly/ scarcely/ barely…when… 一......就......
當no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely等表示否定的結構位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。
引導時間狀語從句,從句用 ，主句用 。
我剛講話，他就掛斷了電話。
I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off.
No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off
時間狀語從句中的倒裝結構
Not until she was 18 did she live with her parents.
一般過去時
過去完成時
正常語序）
連接詞：讓步狀語從句
1. although，though，
2. even if ， even though
3. 特殊疑問詞+ever/ no matter + 特殊疑問詞
雖然，盡管
即便，即使
不論
4. while
雖然（句首）
5. as
不能和but連用
連接詞：讓步狀語從句
3. 特殊疑問詞+ever/ no matter + 特殊疑問詞
不論
Whatever you want，I will give it to you.
No matter what you want, I will give it to you.
我會給你（你想要的任何東西）。
I will give you you want.
whatever
名詞性從句不能用no matter+特殊疑問詞引導
狀語從句可以用 no matter + 特殊疑問詞 替換 特殊疑問詞 + ever
4. while 除引導讓步狀語從句外，還有其他用法
while
①時間狀語從句：
②讓步狀語從句：
③并列句表轉折：
Three buses went by in the opposite direction while I was at the bus stop.
當...時候（句首，句中）
While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
雖然（句首）
Tom is very good at science, while his brother is absolutely hopeless.
然而（句中）
5. as引導讓步狀語從句
as 引導的讓步狀語從句，必須將從句中的 或 、
提前至從句句首，后面接as。作表語的單數可數名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需 。
表語
狀語
省略
Though he works hard, he makes little progress.
Hard as he works, he makes little progress.
Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.
Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
Though you may object, I’ll go.
Object as you may, I’ll go.
練習：把下列 though 引導的讓步狀語從句改寫成 as 引導的讓步狀語從句
1. _____ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless
2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, ______ the expenses have risen.
A. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though
3. I really want the match, however much ________.
A. does it cost B. costs it
C. will it cost D. it costs
Exercise 2
4. ______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A. For now B. Now that C. Unless D. until
5. ______, the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.
A. Wanting the job very much
B. Although wanting the job badly
C. Though he wanted the job very much
D. He wanted the job badly
連接詞: 原因狀語從句
常見：because, as, since, for
because —直接原因，非推斷．語氣最強．回答why的問題一定用because。
I didn’t get it because it cost too much.
since – 通常放句首．譯為“既然”
We thought that, since we were here, we’d stop by and see them.
as – 不談自明的原因，語氣最弱。
As you were out, I left a message.
for – 放句中，引導后半句表附帶說明的原因, 或補充推斷的理由。
We listened eagerly, for he brought news of her families.
連接詞: 目的狀語從句
引導目的狀語從句的連詞:
in order that …
“為了”； 用于正式文體中，所引從句可于主句前或后。
so that
a. 較常用，一般于主句后,so 有時可省;表示“以便...”
從句中通常要有情態動詞, 以表示一種可能性或主觀愿望：
b. 無情態動詞則引導結果狀語從句。
for fear that / in case / lest (以免)等。
e.g. We all get up early in order that we can start at seven.
e.g. I studied Italian so that I would be able to read Dante in the original.
e.g. She locked all the windows for fear that/in case/lest someone might break in.
注意：當從句與主句的主語一致時，可用
so as to do … 或 in order to do … 替換 so that...
e.g. He ran fast so that he might arrive there before
ten o’clock.
→
He ran fast so as to/in order to arrive there before ten o’clock.
連接詞: 結果狀語從句
so that 引導結果狀語從句時通常不使用情態動詞, 以表示客觀事實，可翻譯為 “結果””所以”
They missed the bus so that they were late for class.
他們錯過了公交車，結果上課遲到了。
Tom started out early so that he got a good seat.
湯姆動身早，所以他占了個好座位。
so … that, such … that; so that 等
連接詞: 結果狀語從句
such/so .... that ...引導結果狀語從句，可翻譯為“如此......以至于......”
such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組:
結構1. .
He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
such+a/an+形容詞+單數名詞+that從句
結構2. .
They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.
such＋adj.＋復數可數名詞＋that 從句
結構3. .
He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
such＋adj.＋不可數名詞＋that從句
結構3. .
結構4. .
結構2. .
連接詞: 結果狀語從句
such/so .... that ...引導結果狀語從句，可翻譯為“如此......以至于......”
so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞：
結構1. 可以和such+a/a+形容詞+單數名詞+that從句互換
so+many/few+名詞復數+that從句
so+形容詞/副詞+that從句
so+little/much+不可數名詞+that從句
He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
so+形容詞+a/an+單數名詞+that從句
He had so many friends that he never felt lonely.
He has so little money that he can’t buy a new car.
= .
He is so clever a boy that everybody likes him.
The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
狀語從句易混點辨析
1. while
①時間狀語從句：接延續性動詞
②讓步狀語從句：位于句首
③并列句：表轉折
2. since
①時間狀語從句：自從
②原因狀語從句：既然
3. as
①時間狀語從句：隨著
②讓步狀語從句：盡管(倒裝)
③原因狀語從句：因為
④比較狀語從句：as...as...
⑤方式狀語從句：按照
4.
even if /though 讓步狀語從句：即便
as if /though 方式狀語從句：好像
5.
so that 目的狀語從句：為了；以使 / 結果狀語從句：結果；所以
so...that... 結果狀語從句：如此...以至于...
6.
if only 要是...就好了
only if 條件狀語從句：只有當...
7.in case
目的狀語從句：以防
條件狀語從句：萬一
狀語從句綜合練習
1. ______________ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
2. ______________________ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
3. You will never gain success __________ you are fully devoted to your work.
4. Kid _______ he is, he knows more about the universe than us.
5. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________ she was and wait for her mother.
單句語法填空
When/Once/If
While/Although/Though
unless
as
where
6. He had no sooner finished his speech __________ the students started cheering.
7. I was about to go out for a walk __________ the telephone rang.
8. . —What was the party like
—Wonderful. It’s been years ___________ I enjoyed myself so much.
9. I really enjoy listening to music ______________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
10. For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, __________ for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
語法填空
when
since
because
while
than
My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1._______ I was doing my school assignments. Then the doorbell rang. However, my sister unlocked the door 2._______ I could open it. We were surprised the moment we saw her 3._________ her clothes and face were terribly dirty. She looked much poorer 4.________ we expected. 5._______ we didn’t know what had happened to her, we stood there and waited for my sister’s story. We wouldn’t leave 6.____________ my sister told us all about it. 7._______ my sister got changed, she told us that she fell into a ditch 8.________ she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside. She couldn’t get out of the ditch. 9._____________________ she cried for help, no one could hear her. 10.______ time went by, she got worried. After several vain attempts she had to stand where she was and waited until a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.
語段填空
while
before
because
than
Since
unless/until
After
when
Although/Though/While
As

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