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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?被動語態全方位講解課件+短語和句式結構+中考真題(含答案)【人教新目標九全英語】

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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?被動語態全方位講解課件+短語和句式結構+中考真題(含答案)【人教新目標九全英語】

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被動語態全方位講解
一、定義與構成
1.定義:被動語態是動詞的一種形式,用于主語與動作之間是被動關系,動作是主語的承受者。
2.基本構成:
助動詞 be + 動詞的過去分詞(done)
時態通過 be 的形式變化體現,過去分詞始終不變。
二、常見時態的被動語態結構
時態 主動語態(例句) 被動語態(例句)
一般現在時 He cleans the room. The room is cleaned (by him).
一般過去時 She bought a book. A book was bought (by her).
一般將來時 They will finish the work. The work will be finished (by them).
現在進行時 He is writing a letter. A letter is being written (by him).
過去進行時 She was making a cake. A cake was being made (by her).
現在完成時 We have planted many trees. Many trees have been planted (by us).
含有情態動詞
的被動語態You must hand in the homework. The homework must be handed in (by you).
三、使用被動語態的場景
1.強調動作的承受者
例:The Mona Lisa was painted by Da Vinci.
(《蒙娜麗莎》是達芬奇畫的?!?強調 “畫” 的對象是《蒙娜麗莎》)
2.不知道或不必提及動作的發出者
例:This bridge was built in 1990.(這座橋建于 1990 年。→無需說明 “誰建的”)
四、特殊情況
1.帶雙賓語的被動語態
1.主動句:He gave me a gift.(雙賓語:me 和 a gift)
被動句(兩種形式)
I was given a gift (by him). (以人作主語)
A gift was given to me (by him).(以物作主語,需加介詞 to)
2.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態
主動:We heard her sing. (省略 to 的不定式作賓補)
被動:She was heard to sing.(被動句中需還原 to)
3.短語動詞的被動語態
短語動詞(如 take care of, look after)作謂語時,需整體變為被動,不可遺漏介詞 / 副詞。
主動:They take care of the children.
被動:The children are taken care of (by them).
4.不及物動詞(如 happen, appear, rise 等)沒有被動語態,因為它們沒有動作的承受者。
誤:A car was happened.(錯)正:A car accident happened.(對)
5.被動語態中,動作的發出者用 by 引出,但并非所有句子都需要by短語(如無需強調時可省略)
五、與被動結構有關的短語或高級句型(應用在寫作表達或者完成句子)
1.be used to do sth=be used for doing sth 被用來做某事
2.be widely used 被廣泛使用 be used as...被用作
3.be known /well-known for.../as.../to sb 因...(特色)/身份而出名/為某人所熟知
4.be made of /from / up of / into / good use of / by sb / for / in .......
5.be thought of as=be regarded as=be considered as =be seen as被看作/視為...
6.be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事 7.be advised to do sth 被建議做某事
8.be made/seen/heard to do sth 被讓/看見/聽見做某事(主動省to;被動加to)
9.be compared with...與......相比較 10.be faced with...面對;面臨
11.be connected with...與......有關系 12.be tied to...與...緊密相聯
13.be taken good care of 被照顧 14.be kept for + 一段時間 被借....(多久)
15.be sold out 被賣光 16.be chosen to be 被選為
17.be caused by 由......引起 18.be found /founded 被發現/被成立
19.be covered with 被......覆蓋 20.be filled with=be full of 裝滿;充滿
被動語態有關的中考真題
(2025 江蘇連云港 中考真題)
1.The mini-programme “Clear Plate” is popular among young people. It ________to help deal with food waste.
A. designs B. is designed C. designed
答案:B 解析:主語 It(指代小程序)與動詞 design 構成被動關系,且描述客觀功能,用一般現在時的被動語態(is designed)。
(2025 江蘇揚州 中考真題)
2.When you feel cold air coming through your window, energy________.
A. use B. used C. is used
答案:C 解析:energy(能源)是動作的承受者,用一般現在時被動語態(is used),表示 “能源被消耗”。
(2025 上海嘉定 一模)
3.Shakespeare’s plays _______on stage more than a million times.
A. will be performed B. were performed C. have been performed
答案:C 解析:“more than a million times”表示動作已完成并對現在有影響,用現在完成時被動語態(have been performed)。
(2024 四川達州 中考真題)
4.—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day.
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll do it right now.
A. clean B. be cleaned C. cleans
答案:B 解析:情態動詞 must 后接被動語態(be cleaned),表示 “房間必須被打掃”。
(2024 甘肅甘南 中考真題)
5.Many traffic accidents ________ by careless driving.
A. cause B. are caused C. caused
答案:B 解析:主語 accidents 與動詞 cause 構成被動關系,用一般現在時被動語態(are caused)。
二、填空題
(2025 浙江 中考模擬)
1.Daming ________ (choose) for the school football team last year.
答案:was chosen解析:last year 提示用一般過去時,主語 Daming 是動作的承受者,用被動語態(was chosen)。
(2025 江蘇 同步練習)
2.Jiangsu automatic test of listening and speaking ________(hold) in April every year.
答案:is held 解析:描述每年發生的常規活動,用一般現在時被動語態(is held)。
(2024 黑龍江哈爾濱 中考真題)
3.I feel proud that Chinese________(speak) by the most people in the world.
答案:is spoken 解析:Chinese 與 speak 是被動關系,用一般現在時被動語態(is spoken)。
(2024 甘肅臨夏 中考真題)
4.Many trees ________ (plant) every year to protect the environment.
答案:are planted 解析:every year 提示用一般現在時,trees 是動作的承受者,用被動語態(are planted)。
(2024 天津 中考真題)
5.Lao She wrote many plays and he ________(call) “the People’s Artist”.
答案:is called 解析:描述客觀評價,用一般現在時被動語態(is called)。
三、句型轉換題
(2025 上海寶山 二模)
1.They include a lot of action in the animation to keep the audience entertained.(改為被動語態)
A lot of action ________ ________in the animation to keep the audience entertained.
答案:is included 解析:主動語態的賓語 a lot of action 變為被動語態的主語,用一般現在時被動語態(is included)。
(2024 江蘇蘇州 中考真題)
2.People use smartphones in their daily lives widely.(改為被動語態)
Smartphones ________ ________ widely in people’s daily lives.
答案:are used 解析:主語 smartphones 與 use 構成被動關系,用一般現在時被動語態(are used)。
(2024 重慶 中考真題)
3.They will build a new bridge over the river next year.(改為被動語態)
A new bridge ________ ________ ________over the river next year.
答案:will be built 解析:一般將來時的被動語態結構為 “will be + 過去分詞”(will be built)。(共9張PPT)
被動語態全方位講解
一、定義與構成
被動語態是動詞的一種形式,用于主語與動作之間是被動關系,動作是主語的承受者。
1.基本構成:
助動詞 be + 動詞的過去分詞(done)
時態通過 be 的形式變化體現,過去分詞始終不變。
二、常見時態的被動語態結構
時態 主動語態(例句) 被動語態(例句)
一般現在時 He cleans the room. The room is cleaned (by him).
一般過去時 She bought a book. A book was bought (by her).
一般將來時 They will finish the work. The work will be finished (by them).
現在進行時 He is writing a letter. A letter is being written (by him).
過去進行時 She was making a cake. A cake was being made (by her).
現在完成時 We have planted many trees. Many trees have been planted (by us).
含有情態動詞
的被動語態 You must hand in the homework.The homework must be handed in (by you).
被動語態全方位講解
三、使用被動語態的場景
1.強調動作的承受者
例:The Mona Lisa was painted by Da Vinci.
(《蒙娜麗莎》是達芬奇畫的?!?強調 “畫” 的對象是《蒙娜麗莎》)
2.不知道或不必提及動作的發出者
例:This bridge was built in 1990.(這座橋建于 1990 年。→無需說明 “誰建的”)
四、特殊情況
1.帶雙賓語的被動語態
1.主動句:He gave me a gift.(雙賓語:me 和 a gift)
被動句(兩種形式)
I was given a gift (by him). (以人作主語)
A gift was given to me (by him).(以物作主語,需加介詞 to)
2.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態
主動:We heard her sing. (省略 to 的不定式作賓補)
被動:She was heard to sing.(被動句中需還原 to)
被動語態全方位講解
3.短語動詞的被動語態
短語動詞(如 take care of, look after)作謂語時,需整體變為被動,不可遺漏介詞 / 副詞。
主動:They take care of the children.
被動:The children are taken care of (by them).
4.不及物動詞(如 happen, appear, rise 等)沒有被動語態,因為它們沒有動作的承受者。
誤:A car was happened.(錯)正:A car accident happened.(對)
5.被動語態中,動作的發出者用 by 引出,但并非所有句子都需要by短語(如無需強調時可省略)
與被動結構有關的短語或高級句型(應用在寫作表達或者完成句子)
1.be used to do sth=be used for doing sth 被用來做某事
2.be widely used 被廣泛使用 be used as...被用作
3.be known /well-known for.../as.../to sb 因...(特色)/身份而出名/為某人所熟知
4.be made of /from / up of / into / good use of / by sb / for / in .......
5.be thought of as=be regarded as=be considered as =be seen as被看作/視為...
6.be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事 7.be advised to do sth 被建議做某事
8.be made/seen/heard to do sth 被讓/看見/聽見做某事(主動省to;被動加to)
9.be compared with...與......相比較 10.be faced with...面對;面臨
11.be connected with...與......有關系 12.be tied to...與...緊密相聯
13.be taken good care of 被照顧 14.be kept for + 一段時間 被借....(多久)
15.be sold out 被賣光 16.be chosen to be 被選為
17.be caused by 由......引起 18.be found /founded 被發現/被成立
19.be covered with 被......覆蓋 20.be filled with=be full of 裝滿;充滿
U5 與被動結構有關的短語或句型(應用在寫作表達或者完成句子
21.be expected to do sth 被期待做某事 22.be supposed to do sth 應該做某事22.be praised /hurt /burnt /beaten/ hit /seated /laughed at /written by/held 被贊美 / 受傷 / 燒傷 / 被打 /被撞 / 就座 / 被嘲 笑 / 由...所寫 / 被舉行
worn out 穿壞 /paid much attention to 非常關注 be shown上演/映
said 據說,......
reported 據報道,......
known 眾所周知,......
believed 人們相信,......
supposed 據推測,......
generally considered (人們)普遍認為,......
advised/suggested (有人)建議,......
highly recommended 強烈推薦,......
It’s
that
被動語態有關的中考真題
(2025 江蘇連云港 中考真題)
1.The mini-programme “Clear Plate” is popular among young people. It ________to help deal with food waste.
A. designs B. is designed C. designed
答案:B 解析:主語 It(指代小程序)與動詞 design 構成被動關系,且描述客觀功能,用一般現在時的被動語態(is designed)。
(2025 江蘇揚州 中考真題)
2.When you feel cold air coming through your window, energy________.
A. use B. used C. is used
答案:C 解析:energy(能源)是動作的承受者,用一般現在時被動語態(is used),表示 “能源被消耗”。
(2025 上海嘉定 一模)
3.Shakespeare’s plays _______on stage more than a million times.
A. will be performed B. were performed C. have been performed
答案:C 解析:“more than a million times”表示動作已完成并對現在有影響,用現在完成時被動語態(have been performed)。
(2024 四川達州 中考真題)
4.—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day.
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll do it right now.
A. clean B. be cleaned C. cleans
答案:B 解析:情態動詞 must 后接被動語態(be cleaned),表示 “房間必須被打掃”。
(2024 甘肅甘南 中考真題)
5.Many traffic accidents ________ by careless driving.
A. cause B. are caused C. caused
答案:B 解析:主語 accidents 與動詞 cause 構成被動關系,用一般現在時被動語態(are caused)。
二、填空題
(2025 浙江 中考模擬)
1.Daming ________ (choose) for the school football team last year.
答案:was chosen解析:last year 提示用一般過去時,主語 Daming 是動作的承受者,用被動語態(was chosen)。
(2025 江蘇 同步練習)
2.Jiangsu automatic test of listening and speaking ________(hold) in April every year.
答案:is held 解析:描述每年發生的常規活動,用一般現在時被動語態(is held)。
(2024 黑龍江哈爾濱 中考真題)
3.I feel proud that Chinese________(speak) by the most people in the world.
答案:is spoken 解析:Chinese 與 speak 是被動關系,用一般現在時被動語態(is spoken)。
(2024 甘肅臨夏 中考真題)
4.Many trees ________ (plant) every year to protect the environment.
答案:are planted 解析:every year 提示用一般現在時,trees 是動作的承受者,用被動語態(are planted)。
(2024 天津 中考真題)
5.Lao She wrote many plays and he ________(call) “the People’s Artist”.
答案:is called 解析:描述客觀評價,用一般現在時被動語態(is called)。
三、句型轉換題
(2025 上海寶山 二模)
1.They include a lot of action in the animation to keep the audience entertained.(改為被動語態)
A lot of action ________ ________in the animation to keep the audience entertained.
答案:is included 解析:主動語態的賓語 a lot of action 變為被動語態的主語,用一般現在時被動語態(is included)。
(2024 江蘇蘇州 中考真題)
2.People use smartphones in their daily lives widely.(改為被動語態)
Smartphones ________ ________ widely in people’s daily lives.
答案:are used 解析:主語 smartphones 與 use 構成被動關系,用一般現在時被動語態(are used)。
(2024 重慶 中考真題)
3.They will build a new bridge over the river next year.(改為被動語態)
A new bridge ________ ________ ________over the river next year.
答案:will be built 解析:一般將來時的被動語態結構為 “will be + 過去分詞”(will be built)。

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