資源簡介

(共50張PPT)
Extended reading
—Reading comprehension
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
Does science always make good things for everybody
chemistry
biochemistry
information technology
Science is a double-edged sword.
Pre-reading
Make an oral practice
Advantages
“Science is a double-edged sword.”
Due to the advances in medical science,
some deadly diseases can be cured by some life-saving medicine, such as qinghaosu, penicillin and so on.
Military science is often misused in wars, which cause countless deaths and injuries.
Disadvantages

The production of hybrid rice can ease the hunger problem.
The invention of the Internet can make our lives more convenient.
Being smartphone addicts is harmful to our real lives.
Industrialized society can damage the environment.
What is it
Facial recognition system
Function
Invade privacy
Negative effect
Science is a double-edged sword.
Enjoy a video about the author—Richard Feynman
Now we’re going to understand the value of science in Feynman’s eyes.
1．What type of writing is the text
A．Narrative writing. B．Argumentative writing.
C．Expository writing. D．Practical writing.
2．What’s the main idea of the passage
The main idea of the passage is ___________________.
Activity 1　Fast-reading for basic information.
While-reading
√
the value of science
Structure
Introduction: __________
_______________________________________________
Main body: ___________
______________________________________________
Conclusion: __________
_______________________________________________
Figure out the structre of this lecture transcript.
paras.1-2
paras. 3-6
para. 7
Skimming
Part1_________
Part2_________
Part3_________
C. Richard Feynman's personal experience influence his attitudes towards science.
A. Three values of science.
B. Responsibility of scientists.
(paras. 1-2)
(paras. 3-6)
(para. 7)
When I was younger, I thought science would make good things for everybody. It was obviously useful; it was good. But then during the war I worked on the atomic bomb. This result of science was obviously very serious ---it represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk. I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science
在我還很年輕的時候，我以為科學會給每個人都帶來好處。科學顯然是有用的；有好的一面。但隨后在戰爭期間，我從事了原子彈的研究。這個科學的成果明擺著有很大的危險性——它意味著人的毀滅，并使我們的未來岌岌可危。我不得不捫心自問：“科學之中是不是也包含罪惡？”
Para.1
對……有好處
顯然
戰爭期間
從事…
原子彈
嚴重的/危險的
代表/意味著
毀滅
把未來置于危險之中
惡魔
包含
1. ____________ 從事，致力于
2. _________________原子彈
3. ________________ 使……處于危險之中
4. ___________________ 包含在，與...有關
work on
put...at risk
be involved in
atomic bomb
Para.1
Put another way, what is the value of the science I had devoted myself to—the thing I had loved — when I saw what terrible things it could do It was a question I had to answer. I thought long and hard about this question, and I will try to answer it in this talk.
換句話說，當我看到科學可能造成的惡果之后，我一直投身其中的科學——我曾經的摯愛，價值何在？這是一個我必須回答的問題。關于這個問題我苦思冥想了很久，我將嘗試在這次演講中給出解答。
Para.2
換句話說 in other words
致力于……
糟糕的/惡劣的
演講
苦思冥想
1．________________ 換句話說
2．_____________________________ 致力于……
3．_____________________ 深思熟慮、再三思考
Para.2
put another way
devote oneself to (doing)...
think long and hard
Before the war
After the war
Making good things
Being useful
and good
Putting our future at risk
Serious and destructive results
The author’s internal confusion
(Paras. 1-2)
Angel
Devil
What is the value of science
1．How did the author introduce the topic
A. By asking a question. B. By making a comparison.
C. By giving an example. D. By quoting a famous saying.
2．What made the author change his attitude to science's value
A．His common sense. B．His research on science.
C．His knowledge about science. D．His experience during the war.
Introduction(Paras.1－2) Introducing the topic
Activity 2　Careful-reading for details
√
√
3. What’s the author’s attitude to science during the war
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent.
√
1.According to Feynman, who should be blamed if the power of science is used to do something bad
It is not the science, but the man misusing it that should be blamed.
Understanding
Details——the first value (Para. 3)
positive
Mixed
Negative
Scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.
The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Of course, if we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work.
Para.3
科學體現價值的第一種方式是人人都耳熟能詳的：科學知識能夠讓我們做各種各樣的事，造不同種類的東西。當然，如果我們做了善事，這不僅歸功于科學；還歸功于引導我們行善的道德選擇。
某物被某人所熟悉
科學的
使某人能夠做…
使……值得贊揚
道德的
Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad — but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. Such power has obvious value — even though the power may be negated by what one does with it.
Para.3
科學知識是一種讓我們可以行善也可以作惡的力量——但該如何運用，它并沒有自帶說明書。這樣的力量其價值顯而易見——盡管這種力量可能會被人們的行為所否定。
力量
要么…要么…
說明書
運用/申請
明顯的
盡管
否定
Para.3
1. ______________ 具有價值
2. ______________________ 某物被某人所熟悉
3. ____________________歸功于……
4．_________________________引導我們行善
be of value
sth. be familiar to sb.
lead us to good work
to the credit of...
Para.3 What do these “it” refer to
making good things
scientific knowledge
A. making good things B.an enabling power
C. scientific knowledge D. the first way
Another value of science is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us with. When we look at any question deeply enough, we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again. With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still.
Para.4
科學的另一個價值是它可以為我們提供的智力享受。當我們足夠深入地看待任何問題時，我們就會一次又一次地感到興奮和神秘。隨新知而來的是更深刻、更精妙的奧妙，激勵著我們更深入地去探究。
智力的享受
給某人提供…
神秘
激勵某人去……
Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. Thanks to the scientific efforts, we have been led to imagine all sorts of things more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could.
Para.4
我們從不擔心答案可能會令人失望，總是帶著愉悅和信心，我們翻開每一塊新的石頭，發現一些意想不到、稀奇古怪的東西，它們指向更加奇妙的問題和奧秘。多虧了科學付出的努力，我們在其引領下構想出形形色色的東西，遠比過去任何一位詩人和夢想家的想象更加美妙。
擔心
使……失望
翻開
意想不到的奇妙
多虧
想象
各種各樣的
美妙的
1.What can lead to intellectual enjoyment
2. (Line 20-22) Feynman compares our experience of turning over each new stone to find mysteries to the experience of ______________________
Effort Result
look at any question deeply enough
feel the excitement and mystery
a deeper, more wonderful mystery
with more knowledge
analogy
Details——the second value (Para. 4)
1. ___________________________ 智力的享受 (L17)
2. ______________________ 給……提供……(L17)
3. ______________________________激勵人們深入看問題(L20)
4．________________讓某人失望(L21)
5．______________________________進行一次新的探索(L21)
6. ________________被引領做某事(L23)
intellectual enjoyment
Para.4
provide...with...
inspire one to look deeper
let sb down
turn over each new stone
be led to do
4. What does intellectual enjoyment include
Find out words or phrases positive in meaning.
5. What does “the intellectual enjoyment” mean according to Richard
A．Science is great fun and people take delight in learning science.
B．Science is complex and can help people become clever.
C．Science is unlimited and people get pleasure from making constant discoveries.
D．Science is developing and people enjoy the ever-changing scientific knowledge.
√
I would now like to turn to a third value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great importance. When a scientist doesn't know the answer to a problem, he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is, he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt.
Para.5
現在我想談談科學擁有的第三個價值。科學家經常會經歷無知、懷疑和不確定性，而這種經歷非常重要。當一個科學家不知道某個問題的答案時，他是無知的。當他對于結果是什么有主意時，他是不確定的。當他非常確定結果會是什么時，他仍然有所疑問。
轉向
無知
懷疑
不確定性
很重要
無知的
關于
不確定的
……的答案
非常確定
不肯定；有所懷疑
It’s never too late to learn.
ignorance
What can we learn from the third value of science
活到老，學到老
More knowledge, more doubt.
Para.5
1. _____________________________________________ 無知，懷疑和不確定 (L26)
2. ____________________________ 重要(L26)
3. _____________關于(L28)
4．________________不肯定，不確定(L29)
be in doubt
as to
ignorance and doubt and uncertainty
be of great importance
◎ Scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.
Values
◎ Science can provide us with intellectual enjoyment.
◎ Scientists have the freedom to doubt.
Part Ⅱ
The Value
of
Science
Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. But our freedom to doubt was born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Permit us to question---to doubt---to not be sure.
Para.6
現在，我們科學家理所當然地認為，人類生而有所不知是很可能的。但是，我們懷疑的自由是脫胎于科學早期對抗權威的展開的一場深刻而強硬的斗爭。為了取得進步，我們不能忘記這場斗爭的重要性；我們必須認識到我們的無知，并為懷疑留出一席之地。請允許我們質疑---懷疑---不確定。
理所當然地認為
自由
脫胎于
權威
為了
認識到
為……留余地
允許某人做…
Read Para. 5-6 and find three steps about
scientists’ figuring out problems.
01
02
03
1. _________(adj.)
3. ________(adj.)
uncertain
problem
idea
doubtful
ignorant
2. _________(adj.)
result
Never stop the footsteps towards the truth.
Para.6
1. ______________________ 想當然地認為，認為……是理所當然的(L30)
2. ___________________ 因為……而成立(產生)(L31)
3. ___________________給……留空間(L35)
take it for granted
be born out of...
leave room for...
It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
作為科學家，我們知道巨大進步源于思想自由，我們有責任宣布這種自由的價值；有責任教導人們不必害怕質疑，而是歡迎疑惑并討論質疑；并要求這種自由作為我們對所有后代的責任。
Para.7
責任
進步
闡明
不是… 而是…
要求
后代
可怕的
……的成果
Para.7
1. ______________________ ……的成果，成效，結果(L37)
2. ___________________ 不是……而是……(L38)
the fruit/fruits of...
not...but...
1. What are the duties of scientists
To declare the value of the freedom to doubt.
To teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed.
To demand this freedom to all coming generations.
Parallelism
Conclusion(Para.7)
2．What can we infer from the passage
A．Everything has two sides.
B．All is progressing.
C．Authority is science.
D．Science can change everything.
√
3．What is the purpose of the text
A．To comfort worried people.
B．To show the author’s excellent talents to people.
C．To respect famous scientists.
D．To tell people the importance of science.
√
1．Feynman believes that of all science’s many values, the greatest must be the freedom to doubt. How do you understand this？(Critical thinking)
Doubt is the key to knowledge. We shouldn’t take anything for granted. With doubt and curiosity, we keep a fresh mind to our surroundings.
Activity 1　Discussion
Post-reading
Feynman believes that, the greatest science’s values is the freedom to doubt. How do you understand this
Reflection
Say “No” to everything
Through doubting,what can we achieve
Through doubting, we are eager to explore the unknown, so that we can get progress.
While maybe the sheer (完全的) distance from my native country alone can sometimes seem overwhelming, experiencing small waves of culture shock reminds me that I am exploring different parts of the world and that I should appreciate what I’m taking in.
How to properly question(質疑)
advisable(可取的)
inadvisable(不可取的)
Critical thinking(批判性思維)
dare to question
challenge the authority
. . .
blindly doubt
show no respect for others
. . .
Deep thinking
Besides doubt , what other qualities do they have during the perocess of promoting the development of science
1．________________ 從事，致力于
2．________________ 使……處于危險之中
3．________________ 換句話說
4．________________ 致力于……
5．________________ 歸功于……
6．________________ 給……提供……
7．________________ 使某人失望
8．______________________ 進行一次新的探索
9．________________ 促使，促成
10．________________ 關于，至于
11．________________ 不肯定，不確定
work on
put...at risk
put another way
devote oneself to...
to the credit of...
provide...with...
let sb. down
turn over each new stone
lead on to
as to
be in doubt
I.重點短語
12．________________ 想當然地認為，認為……是理所當然的
13．________________ 因為……而成立(產生)
14．________________ 給……留空間
15．________________ ……的成果，成效，結果
16．________________ 提出，提議，建議
17．_____________________________ 某人下定決心做某事
18．________________ 結婚
19．__________________ 列出……的清單
20．_____________________________ 為……做出巨大貢獻
take it for granted
be born out of...
leave room for...
the fruit/fruits of...
put forward
make up one's mind to do sth.
get married
make a list of...
make great contributions to...
When the author was younger, he thought science was 1.___________ (obvious) useful. But during the war, it represented the 2. ___________(destroy) of people. “Is there some evil 3._________(involve) in science？”The author asked himself.
Science has many 4.______(value)．The first way 5. _____which science is of value is familiar to us—enable us to do and make all kinds of things. Another value is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us with. The third is the freedom of doubt, 6.________ is born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority. But scientists take 7.___ for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 8. _________(teach) how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and 9. (discuss)，and to ensure the freedom for all coming generations are scientists' 10.______________(responsible)．
obviously
destruction
involved
values
in
which
it
To teach
responsibilities
Activity 2　Summary
discussed
Be a man to explore the world ,to doubt the world !
做一個探索世界的人，做一個敢于質疑的人！
Homework
Review what we have learnt and preview language points.
THANKS

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