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(共79張PPT)
Unit 5 POEMS
Using Language
Write a poemg
選擇性必修三 Unit 5
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I took
the one less travelled by. And that has made
all the difference.
——Robert Frost
林子里有兩條路，我——選擇了行人稀少的那一條它改變了我的一生。
——羅伯特·弗羅斯特
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
read three poems and assess subjects, images, rhyming words and rhetorical devices of poems;
analyse a sample short essay to further know how to understand a poem;
learn to write an essay about your understanding of a poem.
Lend-in
part 1
Warming Up Enjoy a song
Review
The characteristics
of poetry
economical use of words;
descriptive and vivid language;
integrated imagery;
literary devices such as similes and metaphors;
arrangement of words and lines, rhymes, rhythm.
The essence(精髓) of poetry
The essence
of poetry
subject
length of lines, title,
choice of words
tone
rhyming words
images
意象
feelings & emotions
rhetorical devices
《春曉》
春眠不覺曉
處處聞啼鳥
夜來風(fēng)雨聲
花落知多少
--孟浩然
I awake light-hearted this morning of spring,
Everywhere round me the singing of birds,
But now I remember the night, the storm,
And I wonder how many blossoms were broken.
How to analazy a poem
How can we appreciate the poem
Appreciate the poem The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost.
The Road Not Taken
　　 written by Robert Frost
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth.
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same.
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I--
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
未選擇的路
羅伯特·弗羅斯特
黃色的樹林里分出兩條路，
可惜我不能同時(shí)去涉足，
我在那路口久久佇立，
我向著一條路極目望去，
直到它消失在叢林深處。
但我選了另外一條路，
它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂，
顯得更誘人，更美麗；
雖然在這條小路上，
很少留下旅人的足跡。
那天清晨落葉滿地，
兩條路都未經(jīng)腳印污染。
啊，留下一條路等改日再見！
但我知道路徑延綿無盡頭，
恐怕我難以再回返。
也許多少年后在某個地方，
我將輕聲嘆息將往事回顧：
一片樹林里分出兩條路——
而我選擇了人跡更少的一條，
從此決定了我一生的道路。
What does the poem tell about
The writer was facing two different roads in life .The first path was a common route while the other was less traveled. He chose the second one and was ready to shoulder（承擔(dān)） the result of his choice.
Pre-reading
part 2
Do you know how to understand a poem Make a list of questions that the readers should consider while reading poems. The following points may help you.
Tone: a quality in writer's voice or writing showing his/her feelings or thinking.
Rhetorical devices: repetition, figurative language, simile, metaphor,…
How to analazy a poem
Alliteration頭韻: repetition of a sound or letter at the start of multiple words in a sentence.
Consonance尾韻: repetition of consonant sounds in proximity.
Assonance諧音: repetition of vowel or diphthong sounds in one or more words in proximity.
Antithesis對偶: two opposites used for contrasting effect.
Rhetoric/ Rhetorical question反問: asked to make a point rather than to expect an answer.
Metaphor暗喻: comparing one thing to another
Simile明喻: comparing one thing to another, using “l(fā)ike”
Refrain疊句: repeating a line or verse at the end of a atanza or at regular intervals.
Anaphora首語重復(fù): repetition of the first part of the sentence.
Poetry uses lots of different devices. Here are some common forms:
Essences of a poem
subject
tone
images
rhyming words
feelings
rhetoricaldevices
who
when
where
slow
fast
bitter
titles
sad
delighted
happy
metaphor
simile
repetition
How to appreciate a poem
Discussion
How to appreciate a Poem
Identify the beauty of form
(title, author, line, etc.)
Find the beauty of artistic conception
(color, image, etc.)
Appreciate the beauty of language
(rhyme, rhetorical devices, etc.)
Feel the theme of poem
(content, feeling and emotions, etc.)
While-reading
part 3
1. Subject: _________
2. Images:_____________________
3. Tone: ______________________________
4. Rhyming words: _____________________
____________________________________
5. Rhetorical devices: _________
6. Your feelings and emotions: ____________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
the wind
kite; person: the kid “I”
childlike;vivid
knows/goes; can/ran; kite/night; blew/too; goes/knows
repetition
I feel like I am the child who is curious about the wind and trying to find out where the wind goes creatively.
Read and analyze
Let’s enjoy a poem: WIND ON THE HILL
Read aloud
WIND ON THE HILL
No one can tell me,
Nobody knows,
Where the wind comes from,
Where the wind goes.
It's flying from somewhere
As fast as it can,
I couldn't keep up with it,
Not if I ran.
But if I stopped holding
The string of my kite,
1
山上的風(fēng)
沒有人能夠告訴我，
也沒有人會知道，
風(fēng)從哪里來，又將去往哪里。
它從一個地方吹來，
盡它所能，飛快地吹來，
我不能趕上它，
即使我奔跑。
但如果我停下來。
不再緊握我手中的風(fēng)箏線，
It would blow with the wind
For a day and a night.
And then when I found it,
Wherever it blew,
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.
So then I could tell them
Where the wind goes ...
But where the wind comes from
Nobody knows.
2 A. A. Milne
它將被風(fēng)吹跑，
一天一夜。
后來當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)它，
它吹向任何地方，
我會知道風(fēng)，
也曾經(jīng)去過那里。
所以當(dāng)我能告訴他們，
風(fēng)去了哪里...
但是風(fēng)從哪里來，
沒有人知道。
Wind On The Hill
------By A. A. Milne
No one can tell me,
Nobody knows,
Where the wind comes from,
Where the wind goes.
It's flying from somewhere
As fast as it can,
I couldn't keep up with it,
Not if I ran.
But if I stopped holding
The string of my kite,
It would blow with the wind
For a day and a night.
And then when I found it,
Wherever it blew,
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.
So then I could tell them
Where the wind goes…
But where the wind comes from
Nobody knows.
A. A. Milne
[n z]
[g z]
[k n]
[r n]
[ka t]
[na t]
[blu ]
[tu ]
[g z]
[n z]
Subject：
Images：
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices：
wind
kite; person
repetition; alliteration
interlaced rhyming 隔行押韻
Step2 While-reading
Wind On The Hill
------By A. A. Milne
No one can tell me,
Nobody knows,
Where the wind comes from,
Where the wind goes.
It's flying from somewhere
As fast as it can,
I couldn't keep up with it,
Not if I ran.
But if I stopped holding
The string of my kite,
It would blow with the wind
For a day and a night.
And then when I found it,
Wherever it blew,
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.
So then I could tell them
Where the wind goes…
But where the wind comes from
Nobody knows.
1. Translate the poem
山上的風(fēng)
---A.A.米爾恩
沒有人能夠告訴我，
也沒有人會知道：
風(fēng)來自哪里，
又將去往哪里。
它從一個地方來，
盡他所能，飛快吹來，
我跟不上風(fēng)的步伐，
即使跑也來不及。
但如果我停下來
不再緊握我手中的風(fēng)箏線，
它將隨風(fēng)飄去，
一天一夜
后來當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)它，
它吹向任何地方，
我會知道風(fēng)，
也曾經(jīng)去過那里。
所以我能告訴他們，
風(fēng)去了哪里…
但是風(fēng)從哪里來，
沒有人知道。
Complete the table.
Wind on the Hill
Subject
Images
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices (修辭手法)
wind
kite, person
knows/goes
can/ran kite/ night blew/too goes/ knows
repetition, alliteration
understanding of the poem
Wind is free and can't be traced
Read aloud
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
夢想
緊緊握住夢想
因?yàn)閴粝胍坏┫?br/>生活就像小鳥斷了翅膀
再也不能展翅飛翔。
緊緊握住夢想
因?yàn)閴粝肴羰窍麊?br/>生活就像冬天的田野那樣荒涼
冰封大地白雪茫茫。
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
Langston Hughes
[dai]
[flai]
[g ]
[sn ]
Subject
images
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices
dream
broken-winged bird; field; snow
repetition重復(fù)
metaphor暗喻
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
by Langston Hughes
夢想
緊緊抓住夢想，
夢想若是消亡，
生命就像鳥兒折了翅膀，
再也不能飛翔。
緊緊抓住夢想，
夢想若是消喪，
生命就像貧瘠的荒野，
雪覆冰封，萬物不再生長。
---蘭斯頓·休斯
[dai]
[flai]
[g ]
[sn ]
Underline the rhyming words and translate the poem.
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
by Langston Hughes
[dai]
[flai]
[g ]
[sn ]
1.Subject
2.images
3.Rhyming words:
4.Rhetorical devices
: dream
: bird； field；snow
: repetition
metaphor
Enjoy a poem:DREAM
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
by Langston Hughes
夢想
緊緊抓住夢想，
夢想若是消亡，
生命就像折翼的鳥兒，
再也不能飛翔。
緊緊抓住夢想，
夢想若是消失，
生命就像貧瘠的荒野，
雪覆冰封，萬物不再生長。
---蘭斯頓·休斯
Underline the rhyming words
[dai]
[flai]
[g ]
[sn ]
Translate the poem
Learn how to write a short essay about a poem
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
—— Langston Hughes
Subject
Images
Rhyming words
Rhythm and sounds
Feelings and emotions
Rhetorical devices
dreams
broken-winged bird, barren field frozen with snow
die / fly; go / snow
words sound nice and pleasing to read
passionate, hopeful, cold
repetition, metaphor
Subject
Images
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices
dreams
broken-winged bird, barren field, frozen with snow
die / fly; go / snow
repetition, metaphor
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
by Langston Hughes
Understanding of the poem
the importance of having dreams
配偶
如果愛情好似香艷的玫瑰，
而我好似它的葉片青翠，
我們的生命將在一起生長
無論天氣陰暗，或者晴朗，
處在開花的原野，或者花徑，
感受綠色的歡樂，或者灰色的苦悶；
如果愛情好似香艷的玫瑰，
而我好似它的葉片青翠。
Read aloud
A MATCH
If love were what the rose is,
And I were the leaf,
Our lives would grow together
In sad or singing weather,
Brown fields or flowerful closes,
Green pleasure or grey grief;
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf.
A MATCH
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf,
Our lives would grow together
In sad or singing weather,
Blown fields or flowerful closes,
Green pleasure or gray grief;
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf.
A.C. Swinburne
[ z]
[li f]
[ we ]
[t ɡe ]
[kl siz]
[gri f]
[ z]
[li f]
Subject
images
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices
love
rose; leaf;fields
simile,repetition ,metaphor
Subject:
images:
Rhyming words:
Rhetorical devices:
love
rose; leaf; fields; closes
simile, repetition; metaphor
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf,
Our lives would grow together
In sad or singing weather,
Blown fields or flowerful closes,
Green pleasure or gray grief;
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf.
A.C. Swinburne
[li f]
[gri f]
[t ɡe ]
[ we ]
[ z]
[kl siz]
[ z]
[li f]
A Match
A MATCH
If love were what the rose is,
And I were the leaf,
Our lives would grow together
In sad or singing weather,
Brown fields or flowerful closes,
Green pleasure or grey grief;
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf.
Subject:
images:
Rhyming words:
Rhetorical devices:
love
rose; leaf; weather; fields; closes
together, weather; leaf, grief
metaphor, simile, repetition
配偶
如果愛情好似火紅的玫瑰，
而我好似它的葉片青翠，
我們的生命將在一起生長
無論天氣陰暗，或者晴朗，
處在開花的原野，或者花徑，
感受綠色的歡樂，或者灰色的苦悶；
如果愛情好似火紅的玫瑰，
而我好似它的葉片青翠。
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf,
Our lives would grow together
In sad or singing weather,
Blown fields or flowerful closes,
Green pleasure or gray grief;
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf.
A.C. Swinburne
[li f]
[gri f]
[t ɡe ]
[ we ]
[ z]
[kl siz]
[ z]
[li f]
A Match
配偶
如果愛情好似香艷的玫瑰，
而我好似它的葉片青翠，
我們的生命將在一起生長
無論天氣陰暗，或者晴朗，
處在開花的原野，或者花徑，
感受綠色的歡樂，或者灰色的苦悶；
如果愛情好似香艷的玫瑰，
而我好似它的葉片青翠。
B.
Read the poems on page 56 and then complete the table.
Wind on the Hill Dream A Match
Subject
Images
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices
wind
kite, person
dream
broken-winged bird, barren field frozen with snow
love
rose, leaf, fields
knows/goes
can/ran kite/ night blew/too goes/ knows
die / fly
go / snow
together/weather
closes/is
grief/leaf
repetition
alliteration(押頭韻)
repetition
metaphor
repetition
metaphor, simile
Read the poems on page 56 and then complete the table.
Wind on the Hill Dream A Match
Subject
Images
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices
wind
kite, person
dream
broken-winged bird, barren field frozen with snow
love
rose, leaf, fields
knows/goes
can/ran kite/ night blew/too goes/ knows
die / fly
go / snow
together/weather
closes/is
grief/leaf
repetition
alliteration
repetition
metaphor
repetition
metaphor, simile
How to appreciate(鑒賞) English poetry
poetic form
詩歌形式
poetic imagery
詩歌意象
poetic
meaning
詩歌意義
poetic language
詩歌語言
After-reading: Brief Summary
Have a taste
How to taste English poetry
poetic form
poetic imagery
poetic
meaning
poetic language
How to appreciate a poem




title, author, line, etc.
different images.
rhyme, rhetorical devices, etc.
subject, tone, feelings, emotions, etc.
Identify
Find
Appreciate
Feel
poetic language
poetic imagery
poetic meaning
poetic form
The poem Dream by Langston Hughes is very short with only 8 lines. When I read the poem aloud I can hear that the ends of the second and fourth sentences rhyme — “die” and “fly”. The last word from the sixth and eighth sentences also rhyme — “go” and “snow”. These rhyming words sound nice and make the poem pleasing to read.
While-reading
subject
rhyming words
When I close my eyes, I can see different images from the poem. For example, I can see two hands being held. I can see a bird flying in the sky. I can see a field and I can imagine what it looks like with lots of snow. I start to feel cold when I read these lines!
feelings and emotions
images
I learnt a new phrase, “hold fast”, which means to hold onto something. “Barren” is also a new word to me, which means empty.
I think the poet is giving us advice. He wants us to keep dreaming, because life is much better when we dream and have something to look forward to.
The meaning of the poem
Rhetorical device: metaphor
Poetic language
basic information author, length, rhyme, tone,etc.
images/
impression
& feelings
New vocabulary
inspiration & encouragement
v
Beginning
Body
Ending
A brief introduction
A detailed introduction to
the understanding of the poem
A general evaluation,
especially the significance and influence of the poem
Read the example in activity 3 and answer the questions. P57
How does the author analyse the poem From which aspects
The poem Dream by Langston Hughes is very short with only 8 lines. When I read the pome aloud I can hear that the ends of the second and fourth sentences rhyme--- “die” and “fly”. The last word from the sixth and eighth sentences also rhyme--- “go” and “snow”. These rhyming words sound nice and make the poem pleasing to read.
When I close my eyes, I can see different images from the poem. For example, I can see two hands being held. I can see a bird flying in the sky. I can see a field and I can imagine what it looks like with lots of snow. I start to feel cold when I read these lines!
I learnt a new phrase, “hold fast”, which means to hold onto something. “Barren” is also a new word to me, which means empty.
I think the poet is giving us advice. He wants us to keep dreaming, because life is much better when we dream and have something to look forward to.
poetic form
poetic language
（ryhming words）
poetic imagery：
（有很強(qiáng)的畫面感）
poetic language
（new words）
poetic meaning
Have a taste
Learn how to write a short essay about a poem
Beginning
Body
Ending
A brief introduction
A detailed introduction to
the understanding of the poem
A general evaluation,
especially the significance and influence of the poem
Learn how to write a short essay about a poem
basic information author, length, rhyme, tone,etc.
images/
impression
& feelings
New vocabulary
inspiration & encouragement
The only distance between you and writing poetry is action!
你和寫詩之間的距離，差的就是行動！
Writing
part 3
Brainstorm: how to write a poetry appreciation
Step 1:
decide on a poem
Step 2:
Structure the essay
Introduction:
the general information (subject, rhythm and sounds)
Body: (images, feelings and emotions, rhetorical devices)
Conclusion:
(the theme)
Step 3:
polish the language
確定時(shí)態(tài)人稱
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主，第一人稱
布局文章架構(gòu)
首段：這首詩歌的基本介紹
中段：這首詩歌流行的原因
尾段：我的感受
列出核心要點(diǎn)
這首詩歌主要講述什么？
這首詩歌想要表達(dá)的寓意？
How to write an essay about a poem
Choose one of the poems and write a short essay about it.
How to write a short essay about a poem
如何寫詩歌賞析類文章
寫法一： 通過對全詩的整體分析，表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn) 寫法二：
就詩歌最突出的方面進(jìn)行分析，表達(dá)自己的見解。
寫法一
一篇較完整的詩歌賞析類文章包含如下內(nèi)容：
4.
作品的藝術(shù)手法分析
（通常結(jié)合在作品意向分析之中）
5.
作品藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)的綜合評價(jià)
（常帶有總結(jié)的意味）
寫作步驟一般是“三段式”，具體為：
第一段：簡要介紹詩歌的作者及內(nèi)容。
第二段：介紹詩歌所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容及主題。
第三段：詩歌的寫作意圖及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，啟迪與感想。
開頭常用句式——介紹詩歌及作者
Here is a poem entitled “...” by..., which enjoys great popularity among readers.
結(jié)尾常用句式
1. The poet wants us to ........., because .........
2. Reading the poem, I feel deeply + adj.......... I’ll try my best to .........
3. Reading the poem, I think the poet is giving us advice ......
寫法二
采用這種寫法時(shí)，作者只需要抓住其中一個方面，如意境、語言表達(dá)、某一手法等。對于其他方面則可不提及，因而采用這種寫法的文章篇幅一般較短小。
假定你是李華，你的英國好友 Lucy 非常喜歡英文詩，并在郵件中詢問你最喜歡哪首英文詩。請你給她回封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 詩的名稱和作者；
2. 詩的內(nèi)容。
注意：
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Lucy,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
Make notes of your ideas.
確定寫作體裁主題
體裁
回復(fù)郵件
主題
喜歡的英文詩
確定時(shí)態(tài)和人稱
以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主
以第一人稱為主
明確寫作要點(diǎn)
給 Lucy 回郵件→說出自己喜歡的英文詩以及喜歡的原因(英文詩簡單易懂,傳遞情感)→希望Lucy 也喜歡這首詩。
分段
第一段寫信告訴Lucy 自己喜歡的英文詩；
第二段寫詩的名字、特點(diǎn)等;
第三段希望 Lucy 也喜歡這首詩。
Sample
Dear Lucy,
Knowing that you are fond of English poems, I'm writing to share my favourite one with you.
Among the many English poems I have read, Dream by an American famous poet is my favourite. The poem is easy to understand and recite and has end rhymes. It is made up of only eight lines and the sentences are short. In addition, its language is not complicated. However, the poem conveys an important message. It reminds us to follow our dreams. Even if we meet with adversities, we shouldn't abandon our dream. Every time I read it, my heart is full of hope.
I'm sure you will love it after reading it.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語knowing...作狀語
喜歡
sth. be easy to do sth. 某事容易做
由.....組成
另外, 此外
even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
How to write an essay
回顧變式句式
介紹詩歌作品
The poem XX by XX is ... with ... lines.
Here is a poem entitled “...” by..., which enjoys great popularity among readers.
表達(dá)詩歌讀后感
...sound nice and make the poem ...
Reading the ..., I feel deeply ...
Reading the ...., I think the poet is ...
表達(dá)詩歌意義
I think the poet is... He / She wants us to...
...is ... in the ..., I will try my best to...
寫作步驟一般是“三段式”，具體為：
第一段：簡要介紹詩歌的作者及內(nèi)容。
第二段：介紹詩歌所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容及主題。
第三段：詩歌的寫作意圖及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，啟迪與感想。
開頭常用句式——介紹詩歌及作者
Here is a poem entitled “...” by..., which enjoys great popularity among readers.
結(jié)尾常用句式
1. The poet wants us to ........., because .........
2. Reading the poem, I feel deeply + adj.......... I’ll try my best to .........
3. Reading the poem, I think the poet is giving us advice ......
Writing
常用表達(dá)
1．Here is a poem titled...by...
2．It is popular with Chinese readers.
3．This poem is about nature and life.
4．It is written with special writing skills.
5．It rhymes at the end of each line.
6．The language of the poem is descriptive and vivid.
7．Whenever we read this poem，some characters appear clearly.
8．Only by reading it repeatedly can we grasp the spirit of this poem.
9．Considered as one of the greatest poets of the Tang Dynasty, ...will undoubtedly live in people’s hearts forever.
10．In my opinion,/As far as I’m concerned, the young generation today should understand and learn from the poem.
Writing
請根據(jù)唐朝詩人李紳的《憫農(nóng)》，用英語寫出這首詩的大意，并說明詩中所蘊(yùn)含的作者的思想，以便向你的外國朋友解釋。
Sympathy on the Farmers
At noon, farmers are weeding，
Down the field, sweat is dropping.
Who knows rice on a dish，
Every grain is full of moiling（v.辛勤）
第一段：簡要介紹詩歌的作者
及內(nèi)容。
第二段：詳細(xì)論述詩歌的主題。
第三段：啟迪與感想。
4.
作品的藝術(shù)手法分析
（通常結(jié)合在作品意向分析之中）
Writing task
假設(shè)你是李華, 你的英國筆友Peter 對唐詩很感興趣，發(fā)來一首唐朝詩人李紳的名作《憫農(nóng)》(Sympathy for Farmers) 向你請教，請你用英語給他寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 簡要介紹詩歌以及詩中所蘊(yùn)含的作者的思想感情；
2. 闡述你的個人感受。
Sympathy on the Farmers
At noon, farmers are weeding,
Down the field, sweat is dropping.
Who knows rice on a dish,
Every grain is full of moiling
譯文：
農(nóng)民在中午的時(shí)候在田地里除草，一滴滴的汗掉在了土地里。可又有誰能知道這盤中飯菜的來歷，每一粒都是那么的辛苦。
簡析：這首詩是寫勞動的艱辛，農(nóng)民的勞動果實(shí)來之不易。第一、二句“鋤禾日當(dāng)午，汗滴禾下土”描繪出在烈日當(dāng)空的正午，農(nóng)民仍然在田里勞動，這兩句詩選擇特定的場景，形象生動地寫出勞動的艱辛。有了這兩句具體的描寫，就使得第三、四句“誰知盤中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”的感嘆和告誡免于空洞抽象的說教，而成為有血有肉、意蘊(yùn)深遠(yuǎn)的格言。
這首詩沒有從具體人、事落筆，它所反映的不是個別人的遭遇，而是整個農(nóng)民的生活和命運(yùn)。詩人選擇比較典型的生活細(xì)節(jié)和人們熟知的事實(shí)，深刻揭露了不合理的社會制度。告訴人們應(yīng)該節(jié)約食物，不浪費(fèi)。
審題
寫作要求是用英語解釋一首中國詩歌的含義，也就是改寫詩歌。
寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn)：
1．確定文體：這是一篇記敘文。寫作時(shí)注意記敘文的寫作特點(diǎn)。
2．主體時(shí)態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。
3．主體人稱：由于是解釋一首詩歌，所以人稱應(yīng)該以第三人稱為主。
謀篇
本文可以分為三個部分。
第一部分：介紹詩歌的作者：李紳；時(shí)代：唐朝；地位：深受歡迎。
第二部分：介紹詩歌所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。
第三部分：詩歌的寫作意圖及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
Here is a poem titled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen who is popular with Chinese readers.
It goes like this: Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time, the farmers are still weeding in the fields. They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil, where the crops grow. But who knows exactly all our foods, the delicious dishes on our table, come from the hard work of the farmers
The reason why Li Shen wrote this poem is to remind people of the importance of the farmers’ hard work. I think it is of great significance that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.
While-writing
Here is a poem titled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen who is popular with Chinese readers.
It goes like this: Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time, the farmers are still weeding in the fields. They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil, where the crops grow. But who knows exactly all our foods, the delicious dishes on our table, come from the hard work of the farmers
The reason why Li Shen wrote this poem is to remind people of the importance of the farmers’ hard work. I think it’s of great significance that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.
Sample
4.
作品的藝術(shù)手法分析
（通常結(jié)合在作品意向分析之中）
Revise a draft
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your letter ________ you asked me about a Tang poem — Sympathy for Farmers. The poem, ________________ (由4句組成), is quite popular with folk literary readers. _________________________________ (當(dāng)我大聲讀這首詩，我能聽出) the last word from the second and the fourth sentences rhyme — “tu” and “ku”. _________________ _________________________________ (這些韻律詞聽起來不錯，使這首詩讀起來朗朗上口).
The poem ____________________ (呈現(xiàn)了一幅生動的畫面) in which ______________ _______ (我能看到不同的形象). __________ (盡管熱) outside at noon in summer, the farmers are still working in the fields, wet all over with their sweat falling into the soil ______ the crops grow. However, who knows all the delicious dishes on our tables come from the hard work of farmers
_________ (在我看來), ______________________ (這位詩人在給我們建議). He wants us to appreciate the farmers’ hard work and treasure every grain. Meanwhile, _______________________________ (去……對于我們也很重要) value the beautiful life at present.
Yours,
Li Hua
in which
made up of 4 lines
When I read the poem aloud I can hear
These rhyming words sound nice and make the poem pleasing
presents a vivid picture
I can see different
images
Hot as it is
where
In my view
the poet is giving us advice
it is also of great importance for us to
Homework
part 4
Writing—A short essay about a poem
假設(shè)你是李華, 你的加拿大筆友Peter 正在學(xué)習(xí)唐詩,發(fā)來一首《游子吟》向你請教, 請你用英語給他寫一封回信, 內(nèi)容包括:
1. 解釋該詩的含義;
2. 闡述詩歌對你的啟示。
注意:
1. 請不要逐句翻譯; 2. 詞數(shù)80左右。
Song of the Parting Son
by Meng Jiao
From the threads a mother’s hand weaves,
A gown for parting son is made.
Sewn stitch by stitch before he leaves,
For fear his return be delayed.
Such kindness as young grass receives,
From the warm sun can’t be repaid.
Homework
寫作練習(xí)
Song of the Parting Son
by Meng Jiao
From the threads a mother’s hand weaves,
A gown for parting son is made.
Sewn stitch by stitch before he leaves,
For fear his return be delayed.
Such kindness as young grass receives,
From the warm sun can’t be repaid.
Structure and form
title
author
line
rhyming words
image
emotion
Song of the Parting Son
a gown made by mom, deep love from mom, long journey...
weaves/leaves/receives; made/delayed/repaid
love, miss, careful...
Meng Jiao
6
Dear Peter,
I am very glad to know that you show such a great interest in Chinese Tang poetry. Now I will try my best to help you understand the poem Song of the Parting Son written by Mengjiao.
Here is the meaning of the poem. A son will be on a long journey. Before leaving, his mother sews and mends clothes for the boy carefully by the candlelight, afraid that he will come back home late. Mothers are the warm spring sun while we are new green grass bathing in their golden rays. How can we repay such a great love
Reading the poem, I feel deeply moved. Mother’s love is the greatest in the world. I’ll try my best to make sure my mother has a happy life in the future.
Yours,Li Hua
江雪
柳宗元
千山鳥飛絕，
萬徑人蹤滅。
孤舟蓑笠翁，
獨(dú)釣寒江雪。
Fishing in Snow
From hill to hill no bird in flight;
From path to path no man in sight.
A lonely fisherman afloat,
Is fishing snow in lonely boat.
Now please read Fishing in Snow by Liu Zongyuan in Tang Dynasty and write a short essay about it.
Thanks

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