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(共35張PPT)
Period 4 Writing
主題引領 情境寫作
寫作一 概要寫作（自然災害）
閱讀下面的短文，根據其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。
The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18，1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of walls and chimneys （煙囪）. But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history had a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco was gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels, and the great houses of the rich were all gone.
On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street， in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake，the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useless and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty seconds the earth moved.
On Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay （海灣）. Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every direction—east, west, north, and south—strong winds blew upon the unlucky city and those whose homes had once stood in its green hills.
Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city's best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelters from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing or shoving. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror.
&1& 審題謀篇
體裁 記敘文
主題 舊金山發生大地震
框架 地震的相關信息+地震引發的災難+地震中人們的表現
&2& 找關鍵信息
Para.1關鍵句：
1.The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18, 1906 ____________________________________________________________________.
2.__________________________________________________________
shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of walls and chimneys
Never before in history had a city been so completely destroyed.
Para.2關鍵句：
3.____________________________________________________________________
4._____________________________________________________________________________________
5._____________________________________________________ but there was no way to organize or communicate.
On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake.
South of Market Street， in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started.
The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best
Para.3關鍵句：
6.On Wednesday afternoon, _______________________ was gone.
half the heart of the city
Para.4關鍵句：
7.___________________________________________________________
8.___________________________________________________________________________________
9.___________________________________________________________________
10._________________________________________________________________________________
Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city.
Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelters from the fires.
Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors.
Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror.
&3& 整合關鍵信息
11.將句1和句2兩個要點進行整合
A great earthquake hit San Francisco on April 18, 1906, ____________________________________.
which left the city completely destroyed
12.將句3、句4和句5三個要點進行整合
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ but there was no way to organize or communicate.
At a quarter past five came the earthquake, and later fires started in South of Market Street. The firefighters tried their best
13.將句6、句7、句8、句9和句10五個要點進行整合
On Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone.______
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Tens of thousands lost their homes. But people showed their greatest kindness on this night of terror.
&4& 遣詞造句
14.用現在分詞短語作狀語改寫句11并用同義詞替換hit
________________________________________________________________________________________
A great earthquake struck San Francisco on April 18, 1906, leaving the city completely destroyed.
15.用強調句型改寫句12并用同義詞替換way
____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was at a quarter past five that the earthquake came, and later fires started in South of Market Street. The firefighters tried their best but there was no means to organize or communicate.
16.用同義轉述的方式概括句13并用同義詞替換was gone
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city disappeared. When night fell，the city was seriously destroyed. Although people were in disaster, they showed their greatest kindness on this night of terror.
&5& 連句成篇
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
A great earthquake struck San Francisco on April 18, 1906, leaving the city completely destroyed. It was at a quarter past five that the earthquake came, and later fires started in South of Market Street. The firefighters tried their best but there was no means to organize or communicate. On Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city disappeared. When night fell, the city was seriously destroyed. Although people were in disaster, they showed their greatest kindness on this night of terror.
閱讀下面的短文，根據其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。
Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So,getting up early is of great importance to us all.
In fact, morning is the best time of the day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best condition. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorise some things more quickly and correctly in the morning than at any other time of the day. And it is certain that we find it easier to understand what we learn. If we get up early and do some morning exercises or only take a short walk in the morning,without doubt we can build up our bodies and become much healthier.
Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. For example, if everyone in the family gets up early, parents will have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family and children will have enough time to catch the school bus. Everything is in order. However,if we get up late, we'll probably have to do everything in a hurry.
Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. Late risers may find it difficult to form the habit of getting up early. They have to make an effort to do so. If we stick to getting up early every day,we will certainly benefit a lot from it.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot.（要點1） First, it helps us in our studies because in the morning we can remember things quickly and correctly.（要點2） Second, getting up early can let us breathe fresh air and do morning exercises, making us healthy and full of energy.（要點3） Third, it enables us to make better preparations for the day.（要點4） Getting up early is a good habit and we should try our best to keep it.（要點5）
常用同義替換 get→obtain/gain/acquire decide→determine
finish→complete/accomplish improve→promote/enhance/boost
buy→purchase remember→keep in mind
be important→be of importance
benefit→be beneficial/be of benefit
常用同義替換 therefore→hence besides→additionally
stand for→symbolise contain→involve
join→participate in surely→definitely
allow sb. to do→enable sb. to do
try one's best→spare no effort
attract→appeal to
續表
語態變化 ...take measures to do→measures should be taken to do...
...group the consumers→the consumers are grouped...
...advise you to do→you are advised to do...
續表
非謂語動詞短語的使用 ＊He was late for school because he got up late.
→Getting up late, he was late for school.
＊A travel diary is a record of one's travels, and it can benefit you and others.
→A travel diary is a record of one's travels, benefiting you and others.
續表
非謂語動詞短語的使用 ＊However, they are rarely used because they are regarded as rubbish.
→However, regarded as rubbish, they are rarely used.
＊People chose the colours red and yellow for a specific reason.
→The colours red and yellow were chosen based on a specific reason.
續表
02
寫作二 場景微續寫（霧山晨變，漁夫相助）
詞匯積累 ［動作描寫］ wrap， prevent， design， harm， sail
［環境描寫］ frost， steep， beauty， reef， grand， canyon， valley， waterfall, thunder, channel, tunnel, desert, pleasant
佳句積累 ［環境描寫］1.Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water， shining in the spring sun.
2.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.
3.During autumn， these same mountains are gold， and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost.
4.Reaching as far as the eye can see， these terraces cover tall mountains， often from the bottom to the very top.
續表
［場景呈現］薄霧籠罩著群山，我們動身前往大峽谷，欣賞著自然的美麗，但風暴迅速襲來，打斷了我們愉快的早晨之旅。風大了，雷聲隆隆。我丈夫停止釣魚，想啟動馬達，但徒勞無功。正是在那時一位慷慨的漁夫設法幫助我們回到了港口。
1.______________________________（with復合結構）， we headed off to the grand canyon， 2._________________________（動詞-ing形式作伴隨狀語）， but storms moved in fast， interrupting 3.________________________.The wind picked up and 4.______________.My husband stopped fishing to start the motor， but in vain. 5.________________________________________________ ___________（強調句型） back to the harbor.
With mountains wrapped in mist
enjoying the natural beauty
our pleasant morning trip
thunder rolled
It was at that time that a generous fisherman managed to help us
短語必記 1.fresh air 新鮮的空氣
2.a carpet of green grass綠草如茵
3.gentle breeze微風
4.sunny beach陽光海灘
5.be bathed in sunshine沐浴在陽光下
必背金句 1.The sun dropped through and laid on his head and shoulders.
太陽下山，余暉落在他的頭和肩膀上。
2.Lying on a carpet of green grass, we enjoyed the moos of cattle.
我們躺在碧綠的草地上,沉醉于牛群的哞哞聲。
3.When the morning mist disappears and the sun rises, everything is bathed in sunshine.
當晨霧消失,太陽升起時,一切都沐浴在陽光下。
續表
必背金句 4.With gentle breeze blowing,we felt peaceful and comfortable to stay outside.
微風徐徐吹來,我們覺得待在外面既平靜又舒適。
5.White clouds flow in the blue sky like quiet fish swimming in a broad ocean.
朵朵白云在蔚藍的天空中流動，就像安靜的魚兒在廣闊的海洋中游弋。
續表

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