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外研版高中英語必修第一冊Unit 2 Exploring English Period 2 Using language課件

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外研版高中英語必修第一冊Unit 2 Exploring English Period 2 Using language課件

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(共36張PPT)
Period 2 Using language
一、轉(zhuǎn)化法(詞性轉(zhuǎn)換)
把一種詞性用作另一種詞性而詞形不變的構(gòu)詞法叫作轉(zhuǎn)化法。
1.名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞
cook(n.廚師→v.烹飪)
name(n.名字→v.命名)
picture(n.畫→v.描繪)
2.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞
calm(adj.平靜的→v.使平靜)
spare(adj.空閑的→v.抽出)
own(adj.自己的→v.擁有)
last(adj.最后的→v.持續(xù))
3.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞
hard(adj.困難的→adv.努力地)
well(adj.健康的→adv.很好地)
二、派生法(前綴和后綴)
在一個詞根之前或之后加上某個詞綴來生成一個新詞的構(gòu)詞法,叫作派生法。加在詞根之前的詞綴為前綴,加在詞根之后的詞綴為后綴。
(6)(人教必修一U1)The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese.
學(xué)校的指導(dǎo)老師幫助我選擇了適合我的課程:數(shù)學(xué)、英語、化學(xué)、世界史和中文。
(7)(人教必修一U1) Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.
每周三,我們會在食品救濟站里干活,把食物分發(fā)給社區(qū)里的無家可歸者。
1.動詞變名詞后綴
(1)-y
discover→discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)
(2)-er/-or/-ar/-ee
employ→employer雇主
educate→educator教育工作者
beg→beggar乞丐
employ→employee雇員
(3)-al
arrive→arrival到達
(4)其他
choose→choice選擇
think→thought思想,思考
2.形容詞變名詞后綴
(1)-y/-ty/-ity
difficult→difficulty困難
safe→safety安全
major→majority大多數(shù)
(2)-th
warm→warmth溫暖
(3)-ness
happy→happiness幸福
(4)-ce
different→difference差異
3.形容詞變副詞后綴
(1)直接加-ly
certain→certainly肯定地
(2)以-y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i再加-ly
happy→happily高興地
(3)以-le結(jié)尾的詞,去e加y
terrible→terribly非常
simple→simply簡單地
4.否定前綴
(1)un-
healthy→unhealthy不健康的
(2)im-
possible→impossible不可能的
(3)dis-
like→dislike不喜歡
(4)mis-
understand→misunderstand誤解
(5)in-
formal→informal非正式的
(6)non-
smoker→non-smoker不吸煙的人
5.其他意義的前綴、后綴
(1)re-
write→rewrite重寫
(2)-less
use→useless無用的
三、合成法
由兩個或兩個以上的單詞合成的詞叫作合成詞,這種構(gòu)詞法稱為合成法。最常見的合成法包括合成名詞、合成形容詞、合成動詞、合成副詞、合成介詞。詞與詞之間有的用連字符連接,有的直接連接在一起。
(6)(譯林必修一U1)As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem-solving skills. 作為一名高中生,你必須努力提高溝通技巧和解決問題的能力。
(7)(北師大必修一U3)Somehow, at the time, I didn't know she was sick.
不知怎的,那時我不知道她病了。
(8)(北師大必修一U3)Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept. 縱觀歷史,一些原始習(xí)俗已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化,但是節(jié)日的精神——家庭的精神——在很大程度上被保留了下來。
1.合成名詞
(1)名詞+名詞
sportsman男運動員
(2)名詞+動詞
sunrise日出
(3)名詞+動詞-ing
sightseeing觀光
handwriting書法
(4)動詞+名詞
playground操場
(5)動詞+副詞
breakthrough突破
(6)過去分詞+副詞
grown-up成年人
2.合成形容詞
(1)名詞+動詞-ing
English-speaking講英語的
peace-loving愛好和平的
(2)形容詞+名詞+-ed
warm-hearted熱心的
(3)數(shù)詞+名詞+-ed
three-storeyed三層的
(4)數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞
three-year-old三歲的
(5)副詞+過去分詞
well-informed見多識廣的
3.合成動詞
(1)形容詞+動詞
whitewash 粉刷
(2)副詞+動詞
overcome 戰(zhàn)勝
(3)名詞+動詞
sleepwalk 夢游
4.合成副詞
(1)形容詞+副詞
anywhere 無論哪里
(2)副詞+副詞
however 無論如何
(3)介詞+副詞
forever 永遠
(4)介詞+名詞
downstairs 在樓下
5.合成介詞
(1)副詞+名詞
inside 在……里
(2)介詞+副詞
without 沒有
(3)副詞+介詞
into 到……里
四、縮略法
把原詞的音節(jié)加以省略或簡化,從而在拼寫和讀音上都呈現(xiàn)出新的形式的構(gòu)詞方法叫作縮略法。縮略法最常見的一種形式就是首字母縮略。
1.首字母縮略法
Automated Teller Machine→ATM自動取款機
Very Important Person→VIP貴賓
World Trade Organization→WTO世界貿(mào)易組織
2.截頭法
airplane→plane飛機
telephone→phone電話
3.去尾法
examination→exam考試
photograph→photo照片
laboratory→lab實驗室
課堂微練 即時檢驗
Ⅰ.寫出下列句中加黑詞的詞性及含義
1.She's willing to shoulder the burden of caring for her elderly parents._____________
2.After work, the saleswoman usually goes home to rest and spend time with her family.___________
3.He was ill for some days, and his wife nursed him kindly._____________
4.The hotel isn't clean and it needs a good clean.It is better to clean it every day.__________________________
v.承擔(dān),擔(dān)負
n.女售貨員
v.看護,照料
adj.干凈的;n.打掃;vt.打掃
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1.On a _______(storm) night, his son was missing on the way back home. The family was extremely worried and ____________(immediate) called the police for help.
stormy
immediately
2.The information you gave us was _________(correct), so we didn't find the museum and got lost on the way.
3.As is known to all, Edison was a great ________. During his life he had many __________.(invent)
incorrect
inventor
inventions
4.Mr. Lee said that the smiles and __________(happy) of the children gave him great courage every day.
5.She is the leader of an international ____________(organize) whose aim is to protect natural resources.
6.The red car is more ___________(comfort) but costs much more, while the white one doesn't use much gas.
happiness
organization
comfortable

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