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(共25張PPT)
Unit 3 Family matters
Using language
觀察以下課文原句并思考黑體部分的功能與構成:
1. Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.
句1時態為“___________”。
2. Lawyers help people and are respected by others.
句2時態為“___________”。
3. . . . you said that you wanted to be a professional football player.
句3時態為“___________”。
4. . . . you have found the career that suits your talents.
句4時態為“___________”。
5. . . . you will have two options for your future.
句5時態為“___________”
現在進行時
一般現在時
一般過去時
現在完成時
一般將來時
觀察以下課文原句并思考黑體部分的功能與構成:
1. “___________”。表示正在進行或發生的動作：be(am，is，are)+doing
2. “___________”。表示經常或習慣性發生的動作：1)be動詞作謂語(三單)
2)行為動詞作謂語(非三單用動詞原形)
3. “___________”。表示過去某個時刻發生的動作或狀態：1)be動詞過去式(was, were) 2)行為動詞過去式（V-ed）
4.“___________”。表示過去的動作或狀態持續到現在或對現在造成的影響或結果。1.三單：has+done動詞過去式 2.非三單：have+done動詞過去式
5. “___________”表示將來某一時刻發生的動作。1.will/shall+V原型
2.be going to +V原型
現在進行時
一般現在時
一般過去時
現在完成時
一般將來時
　　英語中不同時間和方式發生的動作或狀態要用謂語動詞的不同形式來表示, 這種表示動作或狀態發生時間和方式的動詞形式稱作動詞時態。
一、一般現在時
1. 一般現在時的構成
(1)be動詞(am, is, are)作謂語
(2)行為動詞(動詞原形或第三人稱單數形式)作謂語
3. 一般現在時的用法:
(1)表示經常性、習慣性的動作或狀態
I leave home for school at 7 o’clock every morning.
我每天早晨七點鐘離開家去學校。
(2)表示主語目前所處的狀態、個性特征、能力等。
I love to get together with my friends.
我喜歡和我的朋友們在一起。
(3)表示客觀存在或普遍真理
The earth moves around the sun.
太陽圍著地球轉。
(4)表示按規定、計劃等預計要發生的動作，只限于go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin, take off等動詞或詞組。
The train leaves at 7: 25 this evening.
火車今晚7: 25開。
(5)由when, after, before, as soon as, until, if, unless等引導的時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中, 常用一般現在時代替一般將來時
We’ll go to have a picnic tomorrow unless it rains.
我們明天去野餐, 除非天下雨。
【要點提示】 語法填空
(1)He always ______ (sleep) with the windows open.
(3)I learned that the earth ____ (go) around the sun when I was in primary school.
(4)They will come if he ______ (invite)them.
sleeps
goes
invites
二、現在進行時
1. 現在進行時的構成
be (am, is, are)+doing
2. 現在進行時的用法:
(1)表示說話時正在發生的動作或存在的狀態, 常和now, right now, at the moment等時間狀語及動詞look, listen等連用。
All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom now.
所有的同學正在教室里復習功課。
(2)表示現階段正在發生的事情，常與時間狀語at present, these days, nowadays等連用。
How are you getting on with your study these days
近來你的學習怎樣
(3)表示反復出現或習慣性的動作，常與always, forever, constantly, all the time等搭配使用，隱含說話人的贊揚、喜好或厭惡等情緒。
She is always helping people.(贊揚)
她總是樂于助人。
(4)表示按計劃或安排即將發生的事，動詞go, come, start, begin, move, win, leave,take off(起飛), see off（瞬間動詞）等可用現在進行時表將來。
He is coming.
他要來了。
【要點提示】語法填空
(1)These days we __________ (help)the farmers work on the farm.
(2)Lily ________ (leave)tonight. we had better send her off.
(3)Listen! Our English teacher ________ (sing) the popular English song.
are helping
is leaving
is singing
三、一般過去時
1. 一般過去時的構成
行為動詞過去式或be動詞過去式(was, were)作謂語
一般過去時的用法
(1)表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。常與表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, last week, tow years ago, a moment ago等。
He bought the computer five years ago.
(2)表示過去一段時間經常發生或習慣性的動作，常與often, usually, sometimes等表示頻度的副詞連用。
When I was in the countryside, I often walked by the riverside.
我在鄉下時經常在河邊散步。
(3)在時間，條件(if, unless)、讓步(though, even though)、方式(as, as if)等狀語從句中可用一般過去時表示過去將來的動作。
He said h would buy some presents for me if he went there.
他說如果他去那兒的話，他將給我買些禮物。
【要點提示】 語法填空
(1)(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)The 80, 000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for
example, _______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in
1759.
(2)(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)And the other was that I _______ (want)to help people in need.
(3)(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _____________
(recommend) wonderful places to eat.
formed
wanted
recommended
四、一般將來時
一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作，常常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，常用的時間副詞有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning, next+時間等。
一般將來時的構成及用法
1、will/shall+動詞原形(do)
用來表示單純的將來的安排和打算（將要發生的動作或存在的狀態）在口語中，will用于所有人稱，書面語中第一人稱用shall(I, We)
I’ll go and see her on Sunday.
我星期天要去看她。
2、be going to+動詞原形(do)：表示近期或事先考慮過的將要發生的動作以及已有跡象表明必將發生的某事，以為“打算，就要”。
（1）表示打算或按計劃、安排要做的事
I am going to visit the volunteers this evening.
我打算今晚去拜訪那些志愿者們。
（2）表示根據某種跡象認為在最近或將要發生的事。
Look at these clouds. It looks as if it is going to rain.
看看這些烏云，看起來要下雨了。
【要點提示】(1)語法填空
①We _________(leave) for London next Monday.
②I am afraid there ______(be) a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
③If you ask him, he ________(help)you.
(2)I feel terrible. I think ________________.
我感覺很難受。我想我要生病了。
shall leave
will be
will help
I am going to be ill
五、現在完成時
1. 現在完成時的構成:
has/have+done
2. 現在完成時的用法
(1)表示過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響或結果, 常被just, already, yet, never, recently等副詞修飾。
Have you heard from your brother recently
你最近收到你兄弟的來信了嗎
(2)表示發生在過去，從過去某一時刻開始一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。常帶有for和since以及in the past, last few years, over the past years等表示一段時間的狀語。
We have learned English for eight years.
我們學英語八年了。
（3）表示說話前發生過一次或多次的動作，現在成為一種經驗，常常有once, twice, three times, ever, never, before等時間狀語。
I have been to Beijing twice.
我去過北京兩次。
【要點提示】語法填空
(1)I’m sorry. I _____________(forget) your name.
(2)He _________(teach) in this school for 20 years.
(3)I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family
and all the friends I __________(make) over the years.
(4)(2018·北京高考)China’s high-speed railways __________(grow) from 9, 000 to
25, 000 kilometers in the past few years.
have forgotten
has taught
have made
have grown
【知識延伸】
現在完成時和一般過去時的區別
(1)現在完成時強調的是過去的動作對現在的影響, 它和現在有密切的聯系。
(2)一般過去時強調的是動作發生的時間、地點, 不涉及對現在的影響。
She has seen the film before.
她之前看過這部電影了。(強調她已經看過了)
She saw the film last night.
她昨晚看了這部電影。
Ⅰ. 單句語法填空
1. My brother _____ (play) football quite well, but he ____________(not play) it
since last year.
2. Hurry up, Peter! The taxi _________(wait) for us at the gate of the hotel.
3. This is the first time I _________(come) to Chengdu and I am deeply impressed
with its delicious food.
4. He is going to visit his grandparents as soon as he ______ (arrive) in Beijing.
5. The teacher told us that light ______ (travel) faster than sound.
6. We _____ (go) to the cinema last night. The film ____ (be) very good.
課堂測評
plays
hasn’t played
is waiting
have come
arrives
travels
went
was
7. —I thought I had reminded you to take out the rubbish.
—Oh, I forgot. I ______(do) it right now.
8. This song sounds very pleasant. Let’s go upstairs and see who ________ (sing).
9. This is the third time that he _______(win) the English speech contest.
10. The ship ______ (leave) the port at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.
will do
is singing
has won
leaves

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