資源簡介

(共51張PPT)
Unit 3
The world online
Verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements
教材p99-100
2
1
判斷非謂語動詞的形式：
→ 表目的和將來，用__________________
→ 表主動和進行，用__________________
→ 表被動和完成，用__________________
確定謂語動詞 or 非謂語動詞 ？
→填非謂語：句子中已有___________且無________。
邏輯
主語
謂語動詞
連詞/從句
不定式to do
現(xiàn)在分詞doing
過去分詞done
V-ing的名稱
He is studying.
Running is good for your health.
The dog is tiring.
1.現(xiàn)在分詞
2.動名詞
3.分詞形容詞
V-ing form:判斷下列V-ing在句子中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?br/>Dancing on the stage is my favorite.
Seeing is believing.
The girl playing the violin is my daughter.
I like sitting on the sofa and eating snacks.
Seeing the girl, his face turns red.
I saw a man walking on the roof.
subject主語
subject主語
predicative表語
attributive定語
object賓語
adverbial原因狀語
object complement
賓語補足語
Read the website article on P34 .Find the verb-ing forms in the table below.
A
Verb-ing forms as attributives
Verb-ing forms as adverbials
Verb-ing forms as object complements
Read the article (P34) and find the v-ing forms
Working out the rules
active
before
after
觀察下列句子，動詞-ing形式在句子中充當(dāng)什么成分
1) The man surfing the Internet is my cousin. ( )
2) My son sat on the sofa, watching English cartoons. ( )
3) I saw my son falling on the floor when I came in. ( )
定語
狀語
賓語
補足語
Lead-in
Focus on
基本用法
V–ing forms as attributives
a burning house
a firefighter putting out the fire=a firefighter who was putting out the fire.
Step 1 what is an attributive
Summary:修飾限定名詞的詞叫定語;定語可以是單個的詞也可以是短語，也可以是定語從句.
a washing machine
a swimming pool
a waiting room
a reading room
a machine for washing
a pool for swimming
a room for waiting
a room for reading
a sleeping baby
boiling water
a barking dog
falling leaves
a baby that is sleeping
water that is boiling
a dog that is barking
leaves that are falling
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1. 單個動詞-ing形式作定語，常置于被修飾詞之前，既可以表示被修飾者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修飾者的動作或狀態(tài)。
單個動詞的-ing形式作定語，位于被修飾名詞的前面。
-ing形式短語作定語時, 放在所修飾名詞之后, 并且相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。
有些動詞-ing形式已轉(zhuǎn)化成分詞形容詞，
表示“令人……的”。常見如下：
boring, interesting, tiring, exciting, amazing, astonishing, shocking, satisfying...
① The experiment was an amazing success.
② It was an astonishing performance.
那項試驗是一個令人驚人的成功。
這是一場令人驚訝的演出。
① He is reading something interesting.
他正在讀有趣的內(nèi)容。
若單個的動詞-ing形式修飾的詞為those, something, everything, nothing等代詞時，則動詞-ing形式要放在其后。
① The boy playing football on the playground is my brother.
= The boy who is playing football on the playground is my brother.
② The book _________ _ will be published next month.
這本人們討論的書將于下月出版。
2. (1) 動詞-ing形式短語作定語，常置于被修飾詞之后，并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。
主動關(guān)系
The book __________ in the class tomorrow is a classic.
明天課上將被討論的那本書是部經(jīng)典。
being discussed
to be discussed
區(qū)分：being done作定語表正在進行的被動動作;
to be done 作定語表將來的被動動作
被動關(guān)系
V-ing的形式
主動形式 被動形式
一般式
完成式
V-ing
being V-ed
having done
having been done
否定式
not +V.-ing
not being done
not having done
not having been done
肯定式
2. (2)動詞-ing形式短語也可以用作非限制定語，相當(dāng)于一個非限制性定語從句，這時，它與句子其他部分用逗號分開。
① His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
= His brother, __________________________, lives in Beijing.
他的哥哥住在北京，是個教師。
who is working as a teacher
1. _________(bark) dogs seldom bite.
2. The wolf yelled in a ____________ voice and Lily felt___________. (frighten)
3. It’s pleasure to watch the face of a ________(sleep) baby.
4. The _________(shake) buildings showed us that an
earthquake was coming.
5. He was____________ by the ____________ performance.(astonish)
Barking
frightening
frightened
sleeping
shaking
astonishing
astonished
練習(xí)：將下列句子用適當(dāng)形式補充完整
① They are living in a house facing the lake.
② The teachers working in this university can apply for an apartment for free.
③ The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
練習(xí)：將下列句子改為含有定語從句的形式
= They are living in a house that faces the lake.
= The teachers who/that are working in this university can apply for an apartment for free.
= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
2. 動詞-ing形式短語作定語，置于被修飾詞之后，在意思上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。表示主動進行的動作，動詞-ing形式；與被修飾詞是被動關(guān)系，就用它的被動形式，即being done.
e.g.（1）The fly _______(swim) in the soup seems quite content with the soup.
（2）The customer sitting at the table is very angry.（改為定語從句）
= The customer _____________ at the table is very angry.
（3）The people who are talking there are my friends.
= The people ___________________ are my friends.（V-ing形式作后置定語）
（4） Do you know anything about the new film ___________(shoot)
who is sitting
talking there
being shot
swimming
動詞-ing形式作定語：
① 單個動詞-ing形式作定語，常置于被修飾詞_______。有些動詞-ing形式已轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞，表示“______________”。
② 動詞-ing形式短語作定語，常置于被修飾詞______，相當(dāng)于一個_________。
③動詞-ing形式作定語，表示________或__________的動作, 也可以表示被修飾對象的一般特征。如要表示被動含義要用_________________結(jié)構(gòu)。
之前
之后
定語從句
主動
Summary: V–ing forms as attributives
令人……的
正在進行
被動(being done)
作定語--比較
［名師點津］動詞ing表示主動或正在進行或習(xí)慣性的動作；動名詞作定語說明用途和功能；過去分詞表示被動或完成意義；不定式表示動作尚未發(fā)生。
You should adapt to the (change) situation.你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)不斷變化的形勢。
The ground is covered with (fall) leaves.地上滿是落葉。
I＇m looking for a room (live) in.我正在找房子住。
changing
to live
fallen
Focus on
基本用法
V–ing forms as adverbials
He rushed to a burning house,saving a litte girl.
A firefighter put out the fire, avoiding unnecessary
injuries and deaths.
Step 1 what is an adverbial
Summary:狀語是用于補充說明動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的時間、地點 、方式、原因、條件、程度、目的、結(jié)果、伴隨等 。 現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)在句中作狀語來修飾謂語動詞或整個句子,往往和邏輯主語之間存在主動關(guān)系，表示動作發(fā)生的時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、 讓步、方式或伴隨狀況。ing形式一般不作目的狀語（通常用________作目的狀語）
to do
1. Standing by the window, I saw a beautiful flower.
2. Being poor, she couldn't afford it.
3. He sat in the sofa reading a book.
4. Using the new tool, you will finish the task quickly.
5. His father died, leaving the family even worse off.
6. Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.
7. He earns a living driving a taxi.
動詞-ing形式可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨狀況等，其作用相當(dāng)于狀語從句或并列句。
時間
原因
結(jié)果
伴隨
條件
讓步
方式
想一想，怎么變？
1. Standing by the window, I saw a beautiful flower.
2. Being poor, she couldn't afford it.
3. He sat in the sofa reading a book.
4. Using the new tool, you will finish the task quickly.
5. His father died, leaving the family even worse off.
6. Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.
7. He earns a living driving a taxi.
動詞-ing形式可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨狀況等，其作用相當(dāng)于狀語從句或并列句。
時間
原因
結(jié)果
伴隨
條件
讓步
方式
想一想，怎么變？
When I stood
Because she was poor
and read
If you use
and left
Though he studied hard
by driving
注意：
①V-ing形式作狀語時與句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,
與謂語動作同時發(fā)生
Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it.
走進教室時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)里面沒人。 （時間狀語）
He stormed out, slamming the door.
他氣沖沖摔門而去。 （伴隨狀語）
Working hard with a strong will, your dream will come true.
如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你的夢想一定會實現(xiàn)。 （條件狀語）
Working hard with a strong will, you will realize your dream.
If you work hard with a strong will, your dream will come true.
×
√
②表示一個已完成的動作，該動作發(fā)生或完成在謂語動詞之前；V-ing形式作狀語時用完成式：having done，被動式是having been done
Delivering the baby, the doctor encouraged the woman to push.
在接生的時候，醫(yī)生鼓勵那個女人用力。
_________________ (deliver) the baby, the doctor washed her
hands and had a rest.
接生完了，醫(yī)生洗了手并休息了一下。
(raise) on a farm, Tim knows a lot about animals.
蒂姆在農(nóng)場長大，對動物了解很多。
Having delivered
Having been raised
使用時也要考慮時態(tài)哦~
3）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時,要注意分詞的時間性.
①當(dāng)V-ing的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生時, 用分詞的一般式。
②當(dāng)V-ing的動作先發(fā)生,而謂語動詞的動作后發(fā)生時,用分詞的完成式。
__________(walk) in the street , I met an old friend of mine .
_______________(finish) the letter , he went to post it .
Walking
Having finished
③動詞-ing形式作狀語時可在前面加連詞，
常見連詞：when, once, while, if, though, although, as if, until 等
While watching TV, my grandpa fell asleep.
看電視的時候，爺爺睡著了。（時間狀語）
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.
雖然沒錢，他的父母還是設(shè)法把他送到了大學(xué)。（讓步狀語）
Helen sat down in a quiet corner, as if waiting for someone to come.
海倫坐在一個安靜的角落里，好像在等別人來。（方式狀語）
區(qū)分：
to do作結(jié)果狀語表意料之外的結(jié)果, 常和only連用；
V-ing作結(jié)果狀語表主句動作所帶來的必然或自然的結(jié)果
An earthquake hit the city, (cause) 10 deaths.
He went to the seaside only (drown).
他到海邊去，結(jié)果淹死了。
causing
to be drowned
獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
動詞ing形式作狀語，有時它也可以有自己的獨立主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，通常用來表示伴隨的動作或情況，也可以表示時間，原因或條件。
那些樹非常高，其中一些測量為90多米。
The trees are extremely tall, some over 90 meters.
由于天氣好，我們?nèi)ド⒉搅恕?br/>The weather ,we went out for a walk.
being fine
measuring
一般來說
從……判斷
從全盤考慮
e.g.從他的行為來判斷，他一定是瘋了。
動詞 ing形式作評注性狀語
有些動詞 ing形式在句中沒有邏輯主語，它們往往作為句子的評注性狀語來修飾整個句子，表明說話者的態(tài)度，觀點等。
generally speaking
judging by/from ...
taking everything into consideration
Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.
1. For a moment, I hesitated, not ________(want) to tell her the truth.
2. _________ (use) as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful and convenient.
3. The amusement park____________(build) over there now is a new theme park.
4. The song ________(sing) all over the country, _______(make) it the most popular song.
5. We are all nervous about the _______(come) exams.
6. ____________________ (not invite) to the party, Lucy was upset.
wanting
Used
being built
making
練習(xí)：將下列句子用適當(dāng)形式補充完整
coming
is sung
Not having been invited
v-ing形式作狀語:
1)動詞-ing形式可用作狀語，其邏輯主語必須與______一致,構(gòu)成____關(guān)系，可以表示_____、 _____、_____、_____、_____、或_________等，其作用相當(dāng)于狀語從句或并列句?？芍糜赺______,也可置于________,但表示結(jié)果和伴隨時常置于_______。
2)動詞-ing形式用作狀語時，可以在前面加__________。如once, although, if, though, until, when等。
時間
結(jié)果
條件
Summary: V–ing forms as adverbials
原因
讓步
伴隨
句首
句末
句末
連詞
主句的主語
主動
注意！非謂語做狀語時的主語要和和主句的主語一致
Focus on
基本用法
V–ing forms as object
complements
Step 1 What is an object complement
賓語補足語是放在賓語后面補充說明賓語的動作和狀態(tài)等.
(1) 放在表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動詞后作賓補。
常見的有watch, see， hear, feel, find, notice, smell, observe, look at, listen to等。
動詞-ing對賓語進行補充說明, 與賓語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,
表示一個正在進行的動作
I felt somebody ________ (pat) me on the shoulder.
Can you smell anything _________ (burn)
I didn’t notice him ________ (wait) at the gate.
V-ing形式作賓補
patting
burning
waiting
(2)在使役動詞, “使，讓”的動詞后作賓補 have/keep/set/get…+sb/sth + doing sth.
常見的還有l(wèi)et, catch, leave等。
動詞-ing對賓語進行補充說明, 與賓語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,
表示“使……一直做、讓……處于某種狀態(tài)”
I won’t have you doing that.
I’m sorry to have kept you ________ (wait).
I can’t get the clock _______ (go) again.
V-ing形式作賓補
waiting
going
三、動詞-ing形式在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓補
動詞-ing對賓語進行補充說明, 與賓語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系
With so much work filling my mind, I almost break down.
我滿腦子都是工作，快要崩潰了。
With Christmas approaching, a Christmas party will be
held in the school.
圣誕節(jié)要到了，學(xué)校要舉行一個圣誕晚會。
賓補和賓語從句的淵源
I found that this book was interesting.
I saw that he was eating in English class.
rules: 動詞+賓語+v-ing 作賓補，相當(dāng)于動詞+賓語從句。
v-ing形式作賓語補足語
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語放在______后面，表示一個___________________動作，或一直在進行的動作?，F(xiàn)在分詞可以用在表示_____和________的動詞的賓語之后，常見的有feel, hear, watch, see, find, notice, smell, observe, catch, look at, listen to等。也可以放在表示________的動詞的賓語之后，常見的有have, keep, set, get, leave等。
賓語
正在進行的主動性的
Summary: V–ing forms as object complements
感官
心理狀態(tài)
使役意義
“五看，三室（使），兩廳（聽），一感覺，一發(fā)現(xiàn)”
look at, see, watch, notice, observe, have, keep, leave, hear, listen to, find, feel等。
1. 判斷要填謂語還是非謂語
2. 找到動詞的主語
3. 判斷主被動
4. 與謂語動詞的時間先后
做題步驟：
1. And when he saw the mists rising from the
river and the soft clouds _____________
(surround) the mountain tops, he was
reduced to tears. (2020 全國Ⅲ卷)
surrounding
考察非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)他看到霧從江上升起，柔軟的云圍繞著山頂時，他流下了眼淚。設(shè)空處是非謂語動詞作賓補，surround與賓語soft clouds之間是主動關(guān)系，要用v.-ing形式。故填surrounding.
實戰(zhàn)高考
用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated.
2. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ (range) from butterflies to elephants.
3. Every time Gina catches her employees _______(waste) time，she reminds them that time is priceless.
4. I’m sorry to have kept you _______(wait) for so long.
5. ____________(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
allowing
ranging
wasting
waiting
Having spent
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it.
2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.
3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful.
4. I find my wallet stealing.
Not having
working
Seeing
stolen
單句改錯
5. “ Can’t you read ” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.
6. Knocking at the door before entering, please.
7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.
pointing
Knock
making
1. I saw that Jess was doing research online in the computer room.
I saw _________________________ in the computer room.
2. Anybody who goes online should be careful about their personal information.
___________________ should be careful about their personal information.
3. When he heard the news, he jumped for joy.
_______________, he jumped for joy.
4. After I searched the Internet for information, I started writing my article.
________________________________________, I started writing my article.
Jess doing research online
Anybody going online
Rewrite the sentences using the verb-ing forms in Part B1 on Page 35
Hearing the news
Having searched the Internet for information
B1
OC
attributive
adverbial
adverbial
thinking
amazing
cutting
Using
Having had
running

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