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牛津譯林版高中英語選擇性必修四課件
Unit 3 Careers and skills
Grammar and usage Page 34-35
Overview of noun clauses
◆ 內容分析
本板塊圍繞單元話題，以“自主創業”為主題創設情境，在語篇中復習名詞性從句的核心規則；再通過句子、語篇兩個層面的鞏固練習，內化新知；最后運用所學，準確、恰當、得體地使用目標語法，討論未來如何進行自主創業，實現“形式—意義—使用”三者的統一。
◆ 教學目標
By the end of this section, we will be able to:
1. identify and categorize noun clauses;
2. summarize the rules of noun clauses;
3. use proper noun clauses to finish tasks of rewriting sentences and completing a passage;
4. complete a conversation using noun clauses.
A. Exploring the rules Page 34
Max is reading an article on the pros and cons of starting one’s own business. Find the sentences with noun clauses and fill in the table below. The first one has been done for you.
Object clause :
As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, ...
Subject clause
Object clause As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, ...
Predicative clause
Appositive clause
It is no surprise that being one’s own boss is appealing to many people.
Also, you will need to make sure any loans you have are repaid on time.
Another advantage is that you will be able to better provide for yourself and your family, ...
..., you might ask a question whether you should start your own business.
As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, you might ask a question whether you should start your own business.You may have a brilliant idea, but before you decide to put it into action, it is wise to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of this option.
There are many advantages of running your own business. It can be a source of personal growth, since you need to learn a lot of skills in order to become a successful business owner. start/run your own business自主創業
put sth. into action將…付諸行動
source /s s/ 起源；根源；原因
For example, you should learn to sharpen your leadership skills and motivate your employees, or to develop your financial management skills and keep track of all your receipts and payments. Another advantage is that you will be able to better provide for yourself and your family, or
even the economy will benefit if you achieve commercial success. It is no surprise that being one’s own boss is appealing to many people.
keep/lose track of sb/sth了解/不了解…的動態;與…保持/失去聯系
receipts/r si t/ [ pl.](商)(企業、銀行、政府等)收到的款項,收入
provide for sb./sth 供養，撫養，規定，使可能，為...做準備
However, there are disadvantages too. For one thing, running your own business means dealing with demanding work schedules. You may have to work long hours,or even work around the clock. For another, being a business owner comes with great responsibilities.
de·mand·ing /d mɑ nd / (工作 )要求高的;需要高技能(或耐性等)的;費力的
around/round the clock日夜不停；夜以繼日
for one thing(用以引出兩個以上的理由之一)一來,一方面
For instance, you will have to work out weekly, monthly and yearly budgets, and a wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and put other people’s jobs on the line. Also, you will need to make sure any loans you have are repaid on time. Therefore, when it comes to starting a business on your own, think twice before you act!
work sth out計劃;思考;計算;算出 cost 使喪失；使損失
(put sth) on the line: ( informal ) at risk冒風險
when it comes to (doing) sth當涉及某事（或做某事）時
(all) on your own獨自；單獨;獨立地
think twice about (doing) sth三思而行;慎重考慮后再決定
Working out the rules
A noun clause acts like a (1) _____ and can function as the subject, object, predicative or appositive in the sentence.
We often use linking words like (2) _____, whether/if or a question word to introduce a noun clause.
名詞性從句復習 Page 100-101
名詞性從句具有名詞的句法功能，在句子中可以充當主語、賓語、表語或同位語。
noun
that
1.主語從句
(1) 主語從句可以由 that 引導，that 在從句中不充當任何成分。如：
That teaching is an important job is known to all.
(2) 主語從句也可以由 whether 或 what,when,where 等疑問詞引導，what 在從句中用作主語或賓語。如：
Whether it will rain or not does not matter much.
What needs to be done must be done right away.
When the job interview will be held has not been decided yet.
Where the meeting will be held is still under discussion.
(3) it 用作形式主語時，主語從句置于句末。如：
It surprises everyone that he can sing so well.
2.賓語從句
(1) 賓語從句可由 that 引導，that 在從句中不充當任何成分，常可以省略。如果有兩個或多個并列的賓語從句，則只能省略第一個賓語從句中的 that。如：
Tell him (that) he needn’t worry and that I will help him out.幫助某人擺脫（困境）
(2) 句中含有賓語補足語時，常用形式賓語 it 代替賓語從句，賓語從句則置于賓語補足語之后。如：
They want to make it clear that language is an important tool.
3.表語從句: 表語從句可由 that 引導，也可由 whether 或 what,when,where 等疑問詞引導。如：
The truth is that teenagers work harder than you might imagine.
Mr White thinks the proposal is useless, and that’s where I don’t agree.
4.同位語從句: 同位語從句可由 that,whether 或 what,
when,where 等疑問詞引導。常接同位語從句的名詞有 belief,conclusion,decision,doubt,evidence,fact,feeling,hope,
idea,impression,message,news,order,possibility,promise,
question,truth 等。如：
He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go abroad.
They had no idea what was to become of them.
他們不知道他們會變成什么樣子。
become of sb./sth. 發生于...，(遭遇)如何;(結果)怎么樣
B.Applying the rules Page 35
B1. Rewrite the following sentences using noun clauses according to the requirements in the brackets.
1.How do young people decide on a career I want to know. (object clause)
2.Does she have enough time to complete so many tasks This is her doubt.(predicative clause)
I want to know how young people decide on a career.
Her doubt is whether she has enough time to complete so many tasks.
3.The careers adviser suggests that people should think carefully before choosing a job. The suggestion is useful.
(appositive clause)
4.Where will my uncle open his new restaurant It remains to be seen. (subject clause)
The careers adviser’s suggestion that people should think carefully before choosing a job is useful.
It remains to be seen where my uncle will open his new restaurant.
B2. The passage below gives tips on how to start a plete it with proper linking words to form noun clauses.
Our first tip for starting a business is to choose a product or service that you find suitable. The fact (1) _____ you have a passion for your idea will make it much easier to motivate yourself. It is also important (2) ____ it should
fit your skills.
that
that
A second tip is to analyse your target market carefully to see (3) __________ it is worth entering, and if so, how you should run your business. The size of the market and its rate of growth are important factors to consider. (4) _____
you can satisfy the needs of potential clients most effectively should be the focus of your business. To achieve that, you need to do some detective work. Do not rely on your subjective judgement.
target market目標市場
detective有關調查工作的;偵探的;偵探
if/whether
How
You should also look through the business directory to see who your main competitors will be and find out how their businesses work. Our final tip is (5) _____ you should consider whether you want to make your business a solo one or find one or two partners. Doing it alone can give you
greater autonomy. On the other hand, partners can help plug the knowledge or skill gaps.
look through sth快速查看；瀏覽
dir·ec·tory /d rekt ri/ 名錄；電話號碼簿；公司名錄
solo business個體經營 plug補足；補充；供給
that
All this groundwork might seem boring when you just cannot wait to get started. However, if you are well prepared, the business you want to open will have a
greater chance of success.
get started（使）開始；著手；動手
B3. Max is talking to his friend Kate about starting his own business. In pairs, complete the conversation below using noun clauses.
Max:I want to start my own business one day.
Kate:That’s great! But it’s a lot of hard work. Do you have any ideas (1) __________________________________
Max:Yes! I want to open a fashion design studio—I have some great design ideas.
Kate:Make sure you do a lot of research before you start.
Max:I definitely will. I want to talk to some people in the fashion industry. I’m interested in (2) _____________________.
Kate:It’s good to talk to experts in the field.
(3) ___________________________will definitely help you when you start your business!
what kind of business you want to start
how they run their business
Whatever you learn from them
C. Fill in the blanks with proper linking words. Page 70
1. We made a survey among the new customers to find out ______ they think of our product.
2. Flowers in a glasshouse may grow fast, but that’s not _______ the flowers belong.
3. Online shopping brings us convenience, but there also exists a risk _____ we might fall victim to fraud.
fall victim to受傷；受損；被害
fraud /fr d/偽劣品;冒牌貨;欺詐罪;欺騙罪;騙子;行騙的人
what
where
that
4. What makes the book a bestseller is _____ the plot is complicated and pulls at the heartstrings of the reader.
5. Parents can feel at ease in the knowledge _____ their children are safe and taken good care of.
6. When we go travelling, especially to foreign countries, we should keep in mind _____ we should behave.
7. It is said that the number of people who read physical books is now double _______ it was last year.
pull at sb's heartstrings 動人心弦
heart·strings / hɑ tstr z/ 深切的愛（或同情）；心弦
at (your) ease舒適；自由自在；無拘無束
that
that
how
what
8. We have several types of notebooks to choose from, but ______ one suits you depends on your taste.
9. As a matter of fact, ______ the sun rises in the morning varies from place to place.
10. It is not clear ________ the plan is practical, but we can give it a go.
go/try （做某事的）嘗試，一番努力
have a go at (doing) sth.嘗試，試圖（做某事）
which
when
whether

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