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(共37張PPT)
Noun Clauses
Predicative Clauses
The outdoor activity seems attractive.
The boy remains puzzled.
This is a diligent student.
His job is teaching chemistry.
predicative
表語是用來說明主語的身份、性質、品性、特征和狀態的，表語常由名詞、代詞、數詞、動詞過去分詞、動詞的-ing形式、副詞、介詞短語、形容詞、不定式和從句等來充當。
The outdoor activity seems attractive.
The boy remains puzzled.
This is a diligent student.
His job is to teach chemistry.
What do the sentences have in common in their structures
Conducting experiments is his job.
Conducting experiments is what he does every day.
表語從句是指______________________, 緊跟在________之后，對主語進行解釋、說明，使主語的內容具體化。
系動詞
從句在句子中充當表語
Find the predicative clause
1“是”：be
2“看”：look/seem/appear
3“變得”：become/get/grow/turn/go/fall
4“保持”：remain/keep/stay
5“起來”：feel/look/seem/appear/sound/taste/smell
再加: prove/turn out
可以接表語從句系動詞有：
“結果是...;證明是...”
可以接表語從句系動詞有：
表從的連接詞
連接詞 從屬連詞 在從句中不作成分 that, whether, as if/as though, because
無含義/ 是否 / 似乎/好像
連接代詞 在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語 what, who, whom, which,
whatever, whoever, whomever,whichever
whose
連接副詞 在從句中作狀語 when, where, how, why
表從中不用if
The fact is that he doesn’t really try.
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
My suggestion is that we should tell him.
It seems that he was late for the train.
1. 由that引導，that本身沒有詞義，在句中只起連接作用，不充當句子成分,通常不省略。
that引導表語從句時，主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞，如question, trouble, problem, result, chance, suggestion, idea, reason等。
1. The question is ______________________
2. The question is _______________________
whether it is worth doing.
whether we can win them.
2. whether 在句子中不充當任何成分，但具有“是否”的意義。注意：if不能引導表語從句。
The question is what caused the accident.
That mountain is no longer what it used to be.
The problem is whose work is the best.
The question is which of us should go.
The question is who(m) we should trust.
3. 由連接代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 引導表語從句，并在句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語，連接代詞不能省略。
4. 連接副詞 when, where, how, why 除在句子起連接作用外，在從句中還充當時間、地點、方式或原因狀語，本身具有詞義。
This is why she was late for the meeting.
The question is how he did it.
That is where he was born.
That’s when I see your face.
5. as if/though引導表語從句時，在句子中不充當任何成分，但有意義。譯為：似乎，好像。
He looks as if he were a rich man.
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
as if/as though引導的表語從句如果是事實，就用陳述語氣，如果與事實不符，就用虛擬語氣(主句一般現在時，從句就用一般過去時。主句是一般過去時，從句用過去完成時 )。
The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.
Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain.
1. I was late for school this morning. That's because I stayed up too late last night. (果→因)
今天早上我上學遲到了,那是因為我昨晚熬夜太晚了。
2. I stayed up too late last night. That's why I was late for school this morning. (因→果)
我昨晚熬夜太晚,那就是我今天早上上學遲到的原因。
6. 由because/why引導
because引導的表語從句常用于“That's because…”結構中,說明產生上述結果的原因;why引導的表語從句說明由上述原因導致的某種結果。
7. 使用虛擬語氣的表語從句
當主語是表示“堅持、命令、建議、要求(insistence，order, command, suggestion, advice, recommendation，proposal, request, requirement, demand)”等名詞時,表語從句應該用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語用“should+動詞原形”形式,should可以省略。
e.g. My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
小試身手
The problem is ___________we can finish the task or not.
The question is ________we can get in touch with him.
The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________one can be entirely free from dust.
Running means doing the same thing for a while. That is ________ I did’t enjoy running.
The question is _________ caused the accident.
The most important thing is ___________ responsibility it is.
whether
how
that
why
what
whose
表從的重難點
1. He failed in the exam. That's _______ he felt frustrated.
felt frustrated.
failed in the exam.
why
做成分(狀語)，有意義，不能省略
1.表從中易錯連接詞 why because
2. He felt frustrated. That's __________he failed in the exam.
because
3. The reason why he felt frustrated was that he failed in the exam.
I lost the game. The reason was ______ I underestimated my competitors.
The reason ___ I lost the game was _____ I underestimated my competitors.
I lost the game. That was __________ I underestimated my competitors.
名詞reason作主語時，后面的表語從句表示原因時要用that引導。
that
why
that
because
2.表從中易錯連接詞 that; because
He is to blame. That's because he passed a slip of paper in class.
He is to blame. The reason is that he passed a slip of paper in class.
The reason why he is to blame is that he passed a slip of paper in class.
He is to blame.
He passed a slip of paper in class.
2.表從中易錯連接詞 that; because
The young girl with short hair looks ________ she were a boy.
as if
as though
這個留短發的女生看起來像是個男生。
與事實不符:
表示對現在的虛擬，用一般過去式。
3.表從中易錯連接詞 as if/as though
李宇春
It sounds as if he _________(be) to the moon.
had been
聽起來好像他去過月球一樣。
與事實不符:
表示對過去的虛擬，用過去完成式。
3.表從中易錯連接詞 as if/as though
Dark clouds are gathering. It seems as if it is going to rain.
看起來好像要下雨了。
與事實相符: 用正常的陳述語氣。
3.表從中易錯連接詞 as if/as though
as if/as though引導的表語從句如果與事實不符，用虛擬語氣;
如果是事實或者有發生的可能性，用陳述語氣
1. It sounds as if someone ___ knocking at the door.
(與事實相符)
2. Tom likes to talk big as if he ______(be) an important person.
(對現在的虛擬，用一般過去時，be動詞用were )
3. He talks as if he _______ become president tomorrow.
(對將來的虛擬，用would/could/might/should+do)
4. He talked about Rome as if he __________(be) there.
(對過去的虛擬，用had done)
is
were
would
had been
SUMMARY
系動詞
連接詞
重難點
從屬連詞，連接代詞，連接副詞
(注意：as if/as though/because)
六大類
That is why.../That is because...
The reason(why...) is that.../That is because...
as if/as though
1. The question is____we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2. The reason why he failed is____he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It' s _____you left it.
A. where B. there C. there where D. where there
課堂練習
√
√
√
4. The problem is_____to take the place of Ted.
A. who can we get B. what we can get
C. who we can get D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is_____he likes the gift given by us.
A. that B. if C. whether D.不填.
√
√
【完成句子】
that he didn’t really try
whether the film is worth seeing
it seems as if
1)The fact was _____________________________.
事實是他沒有真正地嘗試。
2) The question is ____________________________.
問題是這部電影是否值得看。
3) Now _______________she had known Millie for years.
現在看起來好像她認識米莉已有好多年了。
4) My advice is that you _______________________ as often as possible.
我的建議是你要盡可能經常地練習說英語。
5) That’s __________________________________.
那就是我第一次遇見她的地方。
6) The problem is ________________________________.
問題是誰才真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。
practice speaking English
who is really fit for the hard job
where I first met her
課后練習一、填入恰當的連接詞 1. ____________ I want to know is __________ road we should take. 2. The result of the invention of steam engine was __________ human power was replaced by mechanical power.3.—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.4. The main question is ____________ you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag.5. As John Lennon once said, life is _________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
What
which
that
what
whether
what
6. Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. It’s __________our children can’t reach it.
7. The last time we had great fun together was ___________ we were visiting the Water Park.
8. The little girl _________ got lost decided to remain ___________ she was and wait for her mother.
9. A ship in harbour is safe, but that’s not __________ ships are built for.
10. Actually, girls can be __________ they want to be just like boys, ___________ it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager .
where
when
who
where
what
whatever
whether
11. From space, the earth looks blue. That’s _________about 71% of its surface _____________(cover) by water.
12. He was born here. That’s ___________ he likes the place so much.
13. It seems ____________ the brain is preserving its most important memories.
14. The teacher’s requirement is ___________ we ______________(recite) the passage in twenty minutes.
15. All she is worried about is ____________ he is all right.
because
is covered
why
that/as if
that
(should) recite
whether
16. —Do you think it is wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children
— No, that’s __________ they are mistaken.
17. Sorry, he can’t go with you. The reason is ___________ he has something to do tomorrow.
18. The reason _________ he is absent from the meeting is _________ he is ill.
19. He is ill. That’s ___________ he is absent from the meeting.
20. He is absent from the meeting. That’s _____________ he is ill.
where
that
why
that
why
because
21. You are saying _________ we born equal and that’s_________ I agree.
22. The question is __________ we will have our sports meeting next week.
23. He was ill. That’s ___________ he was sent to the hospital.
24. That’s ___________ the direct current always flows in a wire in one direction.
25. This is __________ heat can melt ice, vaporize water and cause bodies to expand.
that
where
whether
why
because
why
那是由于直流電在導線中總沿著一個方向流動。
那就是熱能使冰融化，使水蒸發，使物體膨脹的原因。
1. 他已經不是以前的他了。
_______________________________________________
2.麻煩的是我把他的地址丟了。
_______________________________________________
3.問題是我們應當相信誰。
_______________________________________________
4.問題是什么時候他才能到達酒店。
_______________________________________________
5.我們似乎應該對此事負責。
_______________________________________________
He is no longer what he was.
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
The question is who (m) we should trust.
The problem is when he can arrive at the hotel.
It seems that we should answer for this.
6.看起來好像要下雪了。
_______________________________________________
7.你爸爸想知道的是你跟同學們相處得怎么樣。
_______________________________________________
8.我的建議是我們應該幫他想個辦法。
_______________________________________________
9.原因是你不信任她。
_______________________________________________
10.你說我們生而平等，那是我同意你的地方。
_______________________________________________
It looked as if it was going to snow.
What your father wants to know is how you are getting on with your classmates.
My suggestion is that we should come up with an idea for him.
The reason is that you don’t trust her.
You are saying that we born equal and that’s where I agree.

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