資源簡(jiǎn)介 (共34張PPT)bookgirlhappinessbookshopWhat do they have in common 名詞詞類Contents名詞的定義名詞的數(shù)020103名詞的分類名詞的所有格04名詞的定義名詞指表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱的詞。01名詞的分類名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩類。(1)專有名詞專有名詞是個(gè)別的人、地、物、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)、日期等的專用名稱。如:Tom(湯姆), Beijing(北京), China(中國(guó)),the Yellow River(黃河), Sunday(星期天)02專有名詞使用注意事項(xiàng)※1.專有名詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫。※2.專有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語,則必須使用定冠詞the。如:the Great Wall(長(zhǎng)城)※3.姓氏名如果采用復(fù)數(shù)形式,則表示該姓氏一家人(復(fù)數(shù)含義),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。1. goes through nine provinces and joins the Bohai Sea.A.Yellow River B.yellow riverC.The Yellow River D. The yellow river2. Kangaroos live in ______.A. China B. chinaC. australia D. Australia3. are planning to go to Beijing.A. Smith’s B.A Smith’sC.The Smith’s D.The SmithsPractice(2)普通名詞普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個(gè)抽象概念的名詞。如:pupil, family, man, foot.可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞: pencil 鉛筆 chair 椅子集體名詞: family 家庭 class 班級(jí)普通名詞物質(zhì)名詞:rice 大米 water 水 air 空氣抽象名詞:love 愛 health健康 life生活構(gòu) 成 方 式 讀音 例 詞一般在詞尾加-s ①在清輔音后讀/s/; ②在元音及濁輔音后讀/z/ desk desks 書桌mile miles 英里以s,ss,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的加-es -es一般讀作/ z/ brush brushes 刷子watch watches 手表box boxes 盒子bus buses 公共汽車以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞,把y變?yōu)閕,再加-es -es一般讀作/ z/ library libraries 圖書館story stories 故事enemy enemies 敵人名詞的數(shù)03名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞,直接加s如:days, boys, toys構(gòu) 成 方 式 讀音 例 詞以 f或fe 結(jié)尾的詞,一般把 f或fe改為v,再加-es -ves一般讀作/vz/ wolf wolves 狼wife wives 妻子以o結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞 有生命的加-es -es一般讀作/z/ hero heroes 英雄 potato potatoes 土豆tomato tomatoes西紅柿無生命的加-s -s一般讀作/z/ zoo zoos 動(dòng)物園radio radios 收音機(jī)piano pianos 鋼琴photo photos 照片video videos 視頻【巧學(xué)妙記】——名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化(1)以f/fe結(jié)尾,變f/fe為v加-es:樹葉(leaf) 半數(shù)(half) 自己(self) 黃,妻子(wife) 拿刀(knife) 去殺狼(wolf),架(shelf) 后小偷(thief) 逃命(life)忙。(2)一句話巧記以o結(jié)尾名詞復(fù)數(shù)加-es的單詞:英雄(hero) 愛吃西紅柿(tomato) 和土豆(potato)。leaf shelf watchpotato knife brushhero tomato familymonth photo factorypiano box peachclass dish wifePractice名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1)改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母oo變ee foot---feet tooth---teetha變e man---men woman---women特例:child---children mouse---mice ox-oxen2)單復(fù)同形及各國(guó)人變復(fù)數(shù)fish,deer,sheep,Chinese,Japanese,Englishman--Englishmen, Frenchman--Frenchmen其余各國(guó)人,如German, American, Indian等均在后面直接加-s。(注:fish表示魚的種類時(shí),其復(fù)數(shù)形式是 fishes)男女孩子的腳踩住老鼠的牙中日不變英法變,其余s加后面3) 名詞修飾名詞時(shí)的復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成名詞作定語修飾名詞時(shí),其復(fù)數(shù)形式要將后面的名詞變成復(fù)數(shù),如:許多蘋果樹 many apple trees,但如果man和woman作定語修飾另一個(gè)名詞時(shí),兩部分都用復(fù)數(shù)。man teacher→men teachers woman doctor→women doctors4) 變中心詞的復(fù)合名詞father-in-law → fathers-in-law passer-by → passers-by可數(shù)名詞中的集體名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問題(1)常見的集體名詞family 家庭,people 人們, class 班級(jí), police 警察, nation 民族等。(2)具體單復(fù)數(shù)用法①集體名詞指整體時(shí),視為單數(shù)。作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如:Her family is going to move. 她家要搬走了。②集體名詞指組成集體的各個(gè)成員時(shí),則視為復(fù)數(shù)。作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:Her family are football fans. 她全家人都是足球迷。1.Mr. Green has two______A.Child B.childs C.children D.children’s2.Chicken has two______A.foot B.feet C.foots D.footes3.They are _______A.Japanese B. Japaneses C.Japan4.We saw many______on the mountain yesterday.A.deer B.deers C.deeresPractice不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì) 名詞 食物 bread面包 meat肉 cheese奶酪飲料 milk牛奶 water水 wine酒自然物質(zhì) sand沙子 wood木頭抽象 名詞 情感 peace和平 friendship友誼 joy高興概念 population人口 knowledge知識(shí)學(xué)科 math(s)數(shù)學(xué) geography地理physics物理 chemistry化學(xué)1.分類常見的不可數(shù)名詞:advice homework progress information news work time medicine music(1)不可數(shù)名詞的計(jì)量形式:基數(shù)詞/不定冠詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞(2)數(shù)詞決定量詞單/復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:一杯水 a glass of water一則新聞 a piece of news兩杯茶 two cups of tea三條建議 three pieces of advice2.計(jì)量定義:表示人或事物的隸屬和擁有關(guān)系,一般情況在名詞后加 's,如:Mike's bag名詞所有格大體分為兩種形式1、有生命的名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法:①一般情況下在名詞后加's。如:邁克的汽車 ______________________ 我媽媽的生日 ____________________Mike's carmy mother's birthday04名詞的所有格②以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加'。 如: 教師節(jié) ____________________ 三個(gè)小時(shí)的步行 ____________________③不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,直接在詞尾加's 。如: 婦女節(jié) ____________________ 兒童節(jié) ____________________Teachers' Daythree hours' walkWomen's DayChildren's Day2、無生命的名詞一般用 名詞+of+名詞 結(jié)構(gòu),如: the leg of the desk[注意] 表示時(shí)間、距離、集體、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)、團(tuán)體、天體等無生命的名詞,也可用's構(gòu)成所有格。如:今天的報(bào)紙 ____________________世界人口 ____________________地球表面 ____________________today's newspaperthe world's populationthe earth's surface特殊用法1.表示兩者共同擁有時(shí),只需要后一個(gè)名詞加 's或 ',表示兩者分別擁有時(shí),兩者后面都得加上's或 '莉莉和露西共有的房間莉莉和露西各自的房間Lily and Lucy's roomLily's and Lucy's rooms2. 表示“在某人家”、 “在某店鋪”等處所時(shí),所有格后的名詞省略。如: 在李雷家 at Li Lei's 在理發(fā)店 at the barber's在醫(yī)生的診所____________________at the doctor's3. 雙重所有格表示整體中的一部分,結(jié)構(gòu)為“of+名詞所有格” 或 “of+名詞性物主代詞”。如:我父親的一本書____________________________________________我的一個(gè)朋友_____________________________________a book of my father's = one of my father's booksa friend of mine = one of my friends【巧學(xué)妙記】名詞所有格的用法英語名詞所有格,表示某物是“誰的”所有格構(gòu)成方法,多數(shù)把’ s 加,復(fù)數(shù)詞尾有s,只加“’”就OK,名詞若為無生命,常把of來運(yùn)用,時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和距離,所有格也可用’ s。Practice makes perfect!根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空:1. Different people may have different _____. (idea)2. I often go to work on . (foot)3. I know one of the . (boy)4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of________. (glass)5. Please give them their . (photo)6. Are there any ________ in the box (watch)7. There are twelve in a year. (month)ideasfootboysglassesphotoswatchesmonthsPractice8. Would you like some (tomato)9. Look at those in the boats! (people)10. Look! The are singing. (woman)11. September 10th is Day. (teacher)12. Jim has some________. (knife)13. How much are these___________ (vegetable)14. My school is twenty________ walk from here. (minute)15. The girl under the tree is a friend of________. (Lucy)tomatoespeoplewomenTeachers’knivesvegetablesminutes’Lucy’s16.Several _____ are talking about their ______under the tree.A.woman;children B.woman;child C.women;children17.—How far is your school from here?—Not very far.It's about twenty walk.A.minute's B.minutes C.minutes' 18. There are three in my family.A.people B. person C. child19. This is bedroom. The twin sister like it very much.A. Ann and Jane B. Ann and Jane’s C.Ann’s and Jane’sCCAB名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞計(jì)量:基數(shù)詞/不定冠詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞不規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化( ※ 重點(diǎn))字母變化:男女孩子的腳踩住老鼠的牙各國(guó)人變復(fù)數(shù):中日不變英法變,其余s加后面單復(fù)數(shù)同形:中日魚鹿羊指整體時(shí),視為單數(shù)指組成集體的各個(gè)成員時(shí),視為復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法Summary名詞1.Cats love eating ___________(mouse).2. There are some________ (goose) swimming in the lake.3. Each player has several_________ (football).4. There are some_______ (sheep) on the hill.5. Some _________(German) visited the Great Wall yesterday.6. Most ____________(Englishman) like playing soccer.1.請(qǐng)根據(jù)括號(hào)里所給出單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。micegeesefootballssheepGermansEnglishmenHomework2.漢譯英。昨天我在街上遇到兩個(gè)男小偷。他不認(rèn)識(shí)那兩個(gè)法國(guó)人。Thanks 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫