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(共35張PPT)
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
The Non-finite
Verb
除句子中有從句（that，who）或邏輯連詞and, but, or等情況外，
一個(gè)句子中僅有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞！
基本原理
總結(jié)：
done
She is dancing now.
doing
He likes to eat oranges.
to do
例句e.g.
The book written by J.K. Rowling is famous.
Judy held a big donut and talked with Nick .
Judy held a big donut, talking with Nick .
當(dāng)一個(gè)句子已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)_______________又沒(méi)有___________來(lái)連接，另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞就需要用_____________。
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
連詞
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）實(shí)際不過(guò)三種：
to do
doing
done
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
可以充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?br/>非謂語(yǔ)形式 主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ) 賓補(bǔ)
to do
doing
done
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的
基本形態(tài)
非謂語(yǔ)done主要用于表示被動(dòng)或完成
The book written by him is very
popular.
The leaf fallen on the ground indicates the arrival of autumn.
書本與他之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用written
樹(shù)葉已經(jīng)掉落在地上了，因此用fallen
非謂語(yǔ)doing主要用于表示主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行或伴隨
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
She sat there, reading a book.
Tom saw me crying yesterday.
他主動(dòng)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，高興地跳了起來(lái)
Tom 看見(jiàn)我的時(shí)候我正在哭
她坐在那里，讀著書（伴隨）
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的
基本形態(tài)
非謂語(yǔ)to do主要用于表示目的或?qū)?lái)
To catch the early bus, he got up very early.
To drive to the office will be tough because of the traffic.
為了趕上早班車，他起得很早目的
由于交通問(wèn)題，（尚未出發(fā)）開(kāi)車到辦公室將會(huì)很困難
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的
基本形態(tài)
選擇非謂語(yǔ)不同形態(tài)的依據(jù)
發(fā)出該非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象（邏輯主語(yǔ)）與該動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其所修飾詞之間的關(guān)系
Reading aloud is very important in learning English.
Chinese people prefer to drinking boiled water.
①現(xiàn)在分詞：
She likes to sit there, _______(read) books.
Step 1: 找出句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
Step 2：判斷發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的對(duì)象與該動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)/目的？）
主語(yǔ)
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
發(fā)出的動(dòng)作
“她”主動(dòng)讀書/她坐在那里讀書（伴隨）
reading
We can see many oranges _________(hang)on the tree.
主語(yǔ)
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞原形
我們看見(jiàn)的時(shí)候橘子正掛在樹(shù)上，因此是進(jìn)行
hanging
②過(guò)去分詞解題思路：
_______(teach) by a famous teacher, Amy successfully went to
the college.
Step 1: 找出句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
Step 2：判斷發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的對(duì)象與該動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)/目的？）
主語(yǔ)
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
發(fā)出的動(dòng)作
“Amy”和教之間為“被名師教”（被動(dòng)）
Taught
It was a bottle ________(fill)up with clean gas.
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
體現(xiàn)句子時(shí)態(tài)/be動(dòng)詞
瓶子內(nèi)的干凈氣體是被人為充滿的（被動(dòng)）
filled
My volunteer job is _________(give)out the free food to the
homeless people
③不定式解題思路：
Many people come here ___________ (celebrate) the festival.
Step 1: 找出句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
主語(yǔ)
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
發(fā)出的動(dòng)作
Step 2：判斷發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的對(duì)象與該動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)/目的？）
人們?nèi)ミ@里目的是慶祝節(jié)日
to celebrate
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
be動(dòng)詞
我的志愿工作是去分發(fā)食物（目的）
to give
非謂語(yǔ)
的常見(jiàn)變形
如何用非謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)表達(dá)進(jìn)行和被動(dòng)甚至更多情況
done
doing
to do
The building __________________(build)
now is our new gym.
building
built
為了實(shí)現(xiàn)非謂語(yǔ)的變形，
我們需要借助三個(gè)謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的力量進(jìn)行加法或合并：
be doing 正在進(jìn)行時(shí)
have done過(guò)去完成時(shí)
be done被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
1
2
3
例如非謂語(yǔ)需要同時(shí)表達(dá)被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行時(shí)：
done 被動(dòng)、完成
doing 主動(dòng)、伴隨、進(jìn)行
to do目的、將來(lái)
be done+doing=being done
合并
基本原理：
變化規(guī)則
基本形態(tài) 語(yǔ)態(tài) 一般（原型） 進(jìn)行 完成
done 被動(dòng)
doing 主動(dòng)
被動(dòng)
to do 主動(dòng)
被動(dòng)
done
doing
having done
being done
having been done
to do
to have done
to be done
to have been done
to be doing
無(wú)
無(wú)
無(wú)
無(wú)
無(wú)
The building __________________(build) now is our new gym.
解題思路：
Step 1: 找出句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
Step 2：判斷發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的對(duì)象與該動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)/目的？）
Step 3：確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的邏輯時(shí)間（現(xiàn)在？完成？）
being built
做題技巧
判斷動(dòng)詞 --- 判斷考點(diǎn)是否為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
找對(duì)象 --- 找到邏輯主語(yǔ)
確定關(guān)系 --- 判斷主/被動(dòng)
時(shí)間先后 --- 與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間先后
Judy walked along the street, __________ (follow) Nick.
following
Judy came here, ________ (follow) by Nick.
Explore and conclude
followed
__________ (follow) Nick closely, Judy ran as fast as she could.
To follow
伴隨狀語(yǔ)
伴隨狀語(yǔ)
目的狀語(yǔ)
首先：找邏輯主語(yǔ)
Tip1: 現(xiàn)在分詞doing在句中表主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行
Tip2: 過(guò)去分詞done在句中表被動(dòng)
Tip3: 不定式to do在句中表目的
_____________ (work) hard for years, Judy finally achieved her goal.
Explore and conclude
Tip4: 判斷與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間先后順序，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式 having done表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
Having worked
achieved
worked
之前發(fā)生
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
固定搭配
一、接不定式to do作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 1.afford to do sth. 負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事 2.ask to do sth. 要求做某事
3.agree to do sth. 同意做某事 4.arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
5.beg to do sth. 請(qǐng)求做某事 6.care to to do sth. 想要做某事
7.choose to do sth. 選擇做某事 8.decide to do sth. 決定做某事
9.demand to do sth. 要求做某事 10.determine to do sth. 決心做某事
11.expect to do sth. 期待做某事 12.fear to do sth. 害怕做某事
二、接動(dòng)名詞doing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 1.admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做某事 2.advise doing sth. 建議做某事
3.allow doing sth. 允許做某事 4.risk doing sth. 冒險(xiǎn)做某事
5.keep doing sth. 保持做某事 6.understand doing sth. 理解做某事
7.excuse doing sth. 原諒做某事 8.appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
9.delay doing sth. 推遲做某事 10.enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事
11.practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事 12.finish doing sth. 完成做某事
三、接doing和to do作賓語(yǔ)意思相同的動(dòng)詞 1.like to do/doing sth. 喜歡做某事 2.love to do/doing sth. 喜歡做某事
3.hate to do/doing sth. 憎恨做某事 4. prefer to do/doing sth. 寧可做某事
5.begin to do/doing sth. 開(kāi)始做某事 6.start to do/doing sth. 開(kāi)始做某事
7.continue to do/doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 8.can't bear to do/doing sth. 不能忍受做某事
9.bother to do/doing sth. 麻煩做某事 10.intend to do/doing sth. 想要做某事
11. attempt to do/doing sth. 試圖做某事 12.cease to do/doing sth. 停止做某事
四、接doing和to do作賓語(yǔ)意思不同的動(dòng)詞 1. remember to do sth. 記得要做某事 2. forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事
remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做過(guò)某事
3. regret to do sth. 遺憾要做某事 4. try to do sth. 設(shè)法要做某事
regret doing sth. 后悔做過(guò)某事 try doing sth. 嘗試做某事
5. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 6. can't help to do sth. 不能幫助做某事
mean doing sth. 意味著做某事 can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
7. go on to do sth. 繼續(xù)做另一件事
go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做一直做的事
五、接不定式to do作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 1.advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事 2.allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事
3.ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 4.bear sb. to do sth. 忍受某人做某事
5.beg sb. to do sth. 乞求某人做某事 6.cause sb. to do sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事
7.command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 8.drive sb. to do sth. 驅(qū)使某人做某事
9.elect sb. to do sth. 選舉某人做某事 10.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事
11.expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 12.forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
六、接doing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 1.bring sb.doing sth. 引起某人做某事 2.catch sb.doing sth. 碰上某人做某事
3.discover sb.doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 4.find sb.doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事
5.get sb.doing sth. 使某人做某事 6.have sb.doing sth. 使某人做某事
7.hear sb.doing sth. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事 8.keep sb.doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
9.listen to sb.doing sth. 聽(tīng)某人做某事 10.look at sb.doing sth. 看著某人做某事
11.notice sb.doing sth. 注意到某人做某事 12.observe sb.doing sth. 觀察到某人做某事
13.prevent sb.doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 14.see sb.doing sth. 看見(jiàn)某人做某事
15.watch sb.doing sth. 觀看某人做某事

高考真題
Application
1. (2025全國(guó)Ⅰ卷) We hope ________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context...
解析：hope 后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成固定搭配 hope to do sth.，表示 "希望做某事"。此處不定式表目的，強(qiáng)調(diào)通過(guò)視覺(jué)化呈現(xiàn)抽象概念。
2.(2025全國(guó)II卷)If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt _______ (leave) to sun for a day...
解析：過(guò)去分詞 left 作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾 sheet or shirt，表示 "被晾曬" 的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。leave 與被修飾詞為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞形式。
to present
left
Application
3. (2024全國(guó)Ⅰ卷) These sepals open on warm days _______(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
解析：此處表目的，用動(dòng)詞不定式，“這些萼片在溫暖的日子里張開(kāi)是為了給里面的植物提供陽(yáng)光和新鮮空氣” 。
4.(2024 浙江卷) However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
解析：此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，“然而，如果你正在購(gòu)買一個(gè)，為了從降價(jià)中獲益而多買并不明智” 。
to give
to benefit
Application
5.(2023 年全國(guó)I卷) Nanxiang aside, the best Xiaolongbao have a fine skin, allowing them _________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
解析：allow sb. to do sth. “允許某人做某事”，此處 them 指代小籠包，與 lift 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式 to be lifted 。
6.(2023全國(guó)乙卷 ) ___________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new...
解析：現(xiàn)在分詞完成式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示 "在過(guò)去 10 年多次訪問(wèn)后"。分詞動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生，用完成式強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間先后。
Having visited
to be lifted

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