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(共35張PPT)
定語從句（1）
第二講
英語三大從句
1. 名詞性從句
2. 狀語從句
3. 定語從句
my desk Jimmy’s father
a beautiful city four kids
milk cups in the room above
a developing country a developed country
There is nothing to worry about.
an article about how to cook
定語是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質與特征的。
my desk Jimmy’s father
a beautiful city four kids
milk cups in the room above
a developing country
a developed country
There is nothing to worry about.
an article about how to cook
物主代詞
形容詞
名詞
現在分詞
過去分詞
不定式
介詞短語
名詞所有格
數詞
副詞
定語從句：修飾名詞或代詞的句子
有完整的主謂結構
先行詞
關系詞:
This is a school which has long history .
關系代詞
關系副詞
which, who, whom, whose, that, as
where, when, why
連接主句和從句
指代先行詞
在定語從句中做成分
定語從句
主句
He has two sons who work in the same firm.
② He has two sons,who work in the same firm.
限制性定語從句：對先行詞起限定修飾作用
非限制性定語從句：對先行詞起補充說明作用, 先行詞與定語從句之間有逗號隔開, 不用that做關系詞
他有兩個兒子，他們在同一家公司上班
（他僅有兩個兒子）
他有兩個在同一家公司上班的兒子。
（他的兒子數量可能超過兩個）
I met the man who lives next door.
2 . I met Yaoming, who is a great basketball star.
非限制性定語從句：只提供進一步的信息，無需對他們加以確定。
限制性定語從句
Review
The pen （_________________ I’m using） is good.
A typhoon is an extremely strong wind ____________often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean.
He has passed the final examination, __________ excites all of us.
The man _________ is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The woman ________ they wanted to visit is a teacher.
which/ that：作主語或賓語, 做賓語時可省略
who：指人，作主語；whom：指人，做賓語
which/that
which/that
which
who
whom
I know the girl __________ mother is a teacher.
The boy _____________ homework gets an 'A' is the youngest in the group.
whose：指人或物，做定語
whose
whose
as引導限定性定語從句，用在such/so...as（正如）和the same as（正像）的結構中，可指代表人或物的先行詞。
No teacher will object to such a rule as prevents students from bringing mobile phones to school.
Such books as you bought are useful.
2. 非限定性定語從句中，先行詞為主句，定語從句用as或which引導。
He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round.
①意義上：as 含有“這點正如……一樣”。
②位置上：as 從句可置于句首，也可在句中或句尾；which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。
講了這么多，讓我們一起來通過六個句子練習一下！
My grandpa, _who_is optimistic, loves playing basketball.
2. I helped an old man _who_ had lost his way.
3. I saw an ad__who___ offered a wonderful summer course in China.
4. She visited a scientist _whose__ achievements are known all over the country.
5. Do you like the book _that__ cover is blue
6. I never heard such stories _as_ he tells.
Practice
本課小結：如何選定定語從句關系代詞
1.分辨主句和定語從句
2.確定定語從句的先行詞
3.把先行詞帶到從句中，看其在定語從句中充當的成分（主語 賓語 定語）
4.若先行詞在從句中做主語，賓語或定語則用關系代詞。
定語從句（2）
第三講
先行詞
關系詞:
This is a school which has long history .
關系代詞
關系副詞
which, who, whom, whose, that, as
where, when, why
定語從句
連接主句和從句
指代先行詞
在定語從句中做成分
( which has long history)
①先行詞是不定代詞，如all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等
She did all that she could to help us.
②先行詞被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, the very, the right, the last等所修飾時
This is the very book that I want to purchase.
③先行詞中既有人又有物時
He described in his compositions the people and the places that impressed him most.
只用that的情況
④先行詞前有序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時
1. This is the best book that has ever been read.
2. This is the first film that has been seen since I came here.
⑤以疑問詞who開頭的定語從句中
Who is the man that is laughing there
只用that的情況
① that 不能引導非限制性定語從句
Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
② that不能置于介詞之后（介詞后指物用which,指人用whom）
The person _______ you are speaking is our English teacher.
The prize _______________he worked so hard was a new bicycle.
to whom
for which
只用which的情況
“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句：
My family are sitting at the table, all of whom are enjoying the reunion.
My family are sitting at the table. All of us are enjoying the reunion.
There are many activities we can do to celebrate the Spring Festival. One of them is to visit our relatives.
There are many activities we can do to celebrate the Spring Festival, one of which is to visit our relatives.
介詞+關系代詞：
先行詞是人，介詞后面用whom
先行詞是物，介詞后面用which
介詞+關系代詞：
You are the student _________our teacher is proud.
I had to give up the question _______ there was no answer.
The man in black is his boss, _________ he learnt a lot.
of whom
to which
from whom
先行詞
關系詞:
This is a school which has long history .
關系代詞
關系副詞
which, who, whom, whose, that, as
where, when, why
定語從句
連接主句和從句
指代先行詞
在定語從句中做成分
( which has long history)
你還記得公交車離開的時間么？
Could you still remember the time？
Could you still remember the time (when the bus left)？
這是我爸爸工作的工廠。
This is the factory.
This is the factory (where my father works.)
=in which my father works
3. 我知道他遲到的原因。
I knew the reason.
I knew the reason (why he was late for school.)
（指原因，作狀語）
句型轉換：
1. I still remember the first day when I went to college.
I still remember the first day (_____ which I went to college.)
on
句型轉換：
2. This is the village where I was born 16 years ago.
This is the village ( ________which I was born 16 years ago. )
in
when= on(in/at/during...) which
where=in(at/on...) which
why=for which
小結
where when why
1. The reason _which__ he gave us sounded reasonable.
2. I don’t know the reason __which_ he quarreled with you.
3. I’ll never forget the day _when__ we spent together.
4. I’ll remember the day _which__ we stayed together.
5. This is the hotel ___where_ we visited last year.
6. This is the hotel _where__ she once lived.
總結關系詞的用法：
關系詞在定語從句中做_________________時，用關系代詞(which, who, whom, that, whose)引導定語從句。
關系詞在定語從句中做_________時，用關系副詞(when, where, why)引導定語從句。
主語、賓語、或定語
狀語
特殊用法：當先行詞是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、方面、處境時用關系副詞where。
They have reached the point where they have to fight against the virus by themselves.
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can express themselves freely.
Example Sentences
Practice
1.The old church ________ roof was damaged in the storm is under repair.
A. where B. which C. its D. whose
2. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
3. He brought with him three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before.
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
4. The reason _______ he explained seemed reasonable.
A. why B. that C. what D. if
5. The issue, _______ we devoted a full discussion, is to be presented to our teacher at class.
A. which B. where C. to which D. for which
6. He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
A. that B. which C. who D. as
7. Our school has put off the sports meeting to next week, ______ the weather may be better.
A. when B. which C. what D. that
Thanks for listening

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