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(共41張PPT)
應用文寫作
tip 1 杜絕寫作中的常見錯誤
1.詞性不明
【誤】Those who strongly against the idea think animals will lose their freedom and nature if caged in the zoo.
【改】Those who are strongly against the idea think animals will lose their freedom and nature if caged in the zoo.
2.措辭不當
【誤】Under the help of my classmates and teachers, I managed to make up for the lessons .
【改】With the help of my classmates and teachers, I managed to make up for the lessons .
3.用法不妥
【誤】I'm delighted to tell you that great changes have been taken place here in my hometown.
【改】I'm delighted to tell you that great changes have taken place here in my hometown.
4.重復累贅
【誤】The moment when I think of my motto, I'll become energetic and devote myself to what I am doing.
【改】When I think of my motto, I'll become energetic and devote myself to what I am doing.
5.句法混亂
【誤】There is going to have an evening party in the meeting hall.
【改】There is going to be an evening party in the meeting hall.
6.中式英語
【誤】My body is healthy.
【改】I am healthy.
應用文寫作
tip 2 一定要寫夠詞數
1.追加成分
在要點基礎上適當增加合乎邏輯的附加成分，如定語（從句）、狀語（從句）、非謂語動詞、獨立主格結構等，不僅增加了詞數，而且使表達更清晰、準確，主題更突出。
【典例1】（開設英語電影欣賞課）建議多選擇英語電影。
【原句】I suggest that the teacher should choose more English films.
【改】as a young student, I suggest that the teacher should choose more English films that appeal to us teenagers, [thus making learning English more interesting].
1.追加成分
【典例2】（演講注意事項）要面帶微笑；要講慢些，講清楚。
【原句】Be sure to wear a smile on your face. Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly.
【改】Be sure to wear a smile on your face which can help you feel relaxed.
Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly so as to make the audience understand more easily and leave a good impression on the judges.
2.補加語句
根據行文走向，適當增加一些與主題相關的語句，或由要點衍生出的句子，既能起到前引后聯的作用，又能補充一些相關信息，幫助讀者理解所寫內容。
【典例1】（提醒考生注意）要按時進入考場。
【原句】Be sure to enter the examination room on time.
+ (Whoever is late for the exam) is not allowed to enter.
任何遲到的人是不被允許進入的。
語料
2.補加語句
【典例2】（談論善款用途）由慈善拍賣募捐得來的錢將送給急需的人。
【原句】The money collected in the charity sale will be sent to those in great need.
+Therefore, the money can not only protect them agasinst starvation, but also
3.添加過渡
根據行文或段落需要，在句與句或段與段之間適當增加一些承上啟下的過渡性詞語，以及過渡句，可以使文章渾然一體，同時也能充實文章。
應用文寫作
tip 3 適當運用高級詞匯
第1招：“語”眾不同，避免人云亦云
寫作時恰當地使用他人可能想象不到的詞匯或表達，會給閱卷老師耳目一新的感覺。
【例1】I am very glad to know you are interested in Tang poems.
more than delighted
【例2】I should be free any time after school next week.
available
第2招：更新換代，避免重復
寫作時應盡量避免重復使用相同的詞匯，要用貼切多樣的詞語來展示自己的水平。用詞不同、表達方式迥異，也是高級語法。
第3招：單詞、短語，巧妙互用
一般情況下短語優先，應多使用詞組、習語來代替一些單詞，以增加文采。但有時單詞比短語更生動，可以“一詞傳神”。所以我們應把單詞和短語巧妙互用。
【例1】I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and I'd like you to help me.
do me a favor
【例2】We can look at this problem in many ways.
view
第4招：高級表達，佳作之道
【例】This summer I want to do a part-time job in a foreign capital company, through which I would like to broaden my horizons, get some working experience and meet more new friends.
gain
intend to take up
【微積累】優化表達創造亮點
be bery important
be of great importance
I want to know...
I am eager to know...
I don't understand...
I have no idea about...
Could you...
Would you be so kind as to...
應用文寫作
tip 4 打造增分句式
一、利用復合句和非謂語動詞，提升文章檔次
1.增加亮點的定語從句
定語從句的應用可以非常有效地提升表達檔次，在寫作中如果我們可以把兩個簡單句合并為一個含有定語從句的復合句，或者把并列句改為含有定語從句的復合句，這些都能為文章增加亮點。
【例】I have a good command of both Chinese and English. And it enables me to communicate with visitors fluently.
一、利用復合句和非謂語動詞，提升文章檔次
2.吸引眼球的狀語從句
在英語寫作中，狀語從句是經常用到的句型，它的靈活運用能使作文更具吸引力。
【例】She has been teaching English for twenty years.
She is still passionate about teaching.
一、利用復合句和非謂語動詞，提升文章檔次
3.提升檔次的名詞性從句
名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句，是寫作中常見的高級表達方式。
【例】I'm writing to tell you a piece of good news (that there will be a volleyball match in our school gym on the afternoon of July 4th).
一、利用復合句和非謂語動詞，提升文章檔次
4.言簡意明的非謂語動詞
恰當地運用非謂語動詞，不僅使句型多樣、句子活潑，而且讀起來結構緊湊、言簡意明。
【例】I know that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month, so I am writing to apply to become a volunteer.
Knowing that.....，I am writing to apply to become a volunteer
二、靈活應用7大句式，力避句式單一、平鋪直敘
1.強調句型
【例1】The match will be held in the gym.
【例2】I hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.
【改】It is in the gym that the match will be held.
【改】I do hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.
二、靈活應用7大句式，力避句式單一、平鋪直敘
2.倒裝句
【例1】We had hardly arrived at the farm when we saw many organges hanging from the branches.
【例2】You can learn Chinese well only if you take the above suggestions.
【改】Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we saw many organges hanging from the branches.
【改】Only if you take the above suggestions can you learn Chinese well.
二、靈活應用7大句式，力避句式單一、平鋪直敘
3.省略句
【例】Bathed in sunshine, we sang and laughed while we were picking oranges.
二、靈活應用7大句式，力避句式單一、平鋪直敘
4.虛擬語氣
【例】If you can consider my application, I will be more than grateful.
【改】If you should consider my application, I would be more than grateful.
Should you consider my application, I would be more than grateful.
if條件狀語從句的虛擬語氣（對將來）：從句（did/were to do/should do)；主句（wcms do）
當虛擬條件狀語從句的謂語部分有had, should, were，可以將其置于句首，省略if
二、靈活應用7大句式，力避句式單一、平鋪直敘
5.with復合結構
【例1】You're an experienced player and you have a wonderful talent for volleyball.
【例2】As Double Ninth Day is appraoching, we are scheduled to visit the nursing home on that day.
with a wonderful talent for volleyball
With Double Ninth Day approaching
二、靈活應用7大句式，力避句式單一、平鋪直敘
6.并列句型
【例】The team from Hongxing High School we will play against is great.
We should get fully prepared and need to be in a good state.
【改】The team from Hongxing High School we will play against is great， so we should get fully prepared and need to be in a good state.
二、靈活應用7大句式，力避句式單一、平鋪直敘
7.it作形式主語或形式賓語的句型
【例】Hoping you can take my application into consideration.
“如果……我將不勝感激。”
I'd appreciate it if you could ...
應用文寫作
tip 5 巧妙銜接過渡
1、表示時間順序的過渡性詞匯
at the beginning/end of, in the end, afterwards, since then, meanwhile, after that, immediately, from then on, all of a sudden, at present, after a while, at the same time, in the past, to begin/start with
afterward
Not long afterward I will be the volunteer to welcome exchanged students from America.
不久之后
2、表示遞進關系的過渡性詞匯
what's more=moreover=furthermore=besides=in addition
to make things worse, worst of all
especially, in particular
3、表示并列和轉折關系的過渡性詞匯
however, while, otherwise, on the contrary, nevertheless,
despite=in spite of
after all
either... or..., neither...nor...
4、表示條件和讓步關系的過渡性詞匯
as(so) long as, unless, in case (of), on condition that
5、表示因果關系的過渡性詞匯
because (of), now that, thanks to..., due to...,
as a result/consequence (of), therefore/thus, since
6、表示列舉事實或觀點過渡的詞匯
such as, for example/instance, take... for example,
that is to say, as follows, in other words
on the one hand...on the other hand...
for one thing... for another...
personally, in my opinion/view, as far as I'm concerned, as for me
7、表示總結的過渡性詞匯
in short, in brief, in a word, to sum up, all in all, on the whole,
in general, generally speaking, in conclusion
應用文寫作
tip 6 結構錯落有致
一、句式多樣，力避單一句式的羅列
二、合理分段，力避一段到底
短語優先原則
句式多變原則
三段式

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