資源簡介

(共22張PPT)
1.學會音標，會拼讀單詞；
2.用音標讀音規律幫助記憶單詞。
英語國際音標復習
元 音 12個單元音 長元音 [a:] [ :] [ ] [i:] [u:] 短元音 [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [e] [ ] 8個雙元音 [ ] [e ] [ ] [e ] [a ] [ ] [ ] [a ] 輔 音 10對 清輔音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts]
濁輔音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ ] [ ] [d ] [dr] [dz]
3個鼻音 [m] [n] [ ]
3個似拼音 [h] [r] [l]
2個半元音 [w] [j]
音標小口訣：
國際音標48，
元音20輔28，
元音又分單和雙，
單音12雙8個。
輔音10對清濁對，
3個鼻音/m/,/n/, / /,
3個似拼音/h/,/r/, /l/
還有半元音/j/ 和 /w/。
第一組元音20：借助拼音a o i u； i u
5組 a o i u，再加[e][ ]，共12單元音
3 ；3i；2u，共8個雙元音
[ ] ；[e ]；[ ]
[e ]； [a ]；[ ]
[ ]；[a ]
請默寫20個元音
12個單元音 長元音 [a:] [ :] [ ] [i:] [u:] 短元音 [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [e] [ ]
請默寫28個輔音
輔 音 10對 清輔音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts]
濁輔音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ ] [ ] [d ] [dr] [dz]
3個鼻音 [m] [n] [ ]
3個似拼音 [h] [r] [l]
2個半元音 [w] [j]
注意這些讀音 [a:n] [ :n] [ n] [i:n] [u:n] [ n] [ n] [ n] [ n] [ n] [en] [ n]
[ n ] [e n ] [ n] [e n] [a n] [ n] [ n] [a n] [ju:n]
拼讀這些音 [pa:] [ta:] [ka:] [fa:] [sa:] [θa:] [∫a:] [t∫a:] [tra:] [ts]
[ba:] [da:] [ga:] [va:] [za:] [ a:] [ a:] [d a:] [dra:] [dz]
3個鼻音 [ma:] [na:] [a: ]
3個似拼音 [ha:] [ra:] [la:]
2個半元音 [wa:] [ja:]
長元音 [a:] arm fast class glance demand [ :] saw horse board always bought caught [ ] sir fur word her heard [i:] be eve eat feel grief people [u:] who tooth blue group fruit future 短元音 [ ] up fun other touch [ ] top concert wash swallow long [ ] ago again fever teacher doctor [ ] sit busy belong horses needed longest [ ] put bullet cook could women [e] get never spend [ ] cap mass fancy
雙元音 [ ] near cheer period serious [e ] air bear care there [ ] sure tour cure [e ] name pay they gain [a ] die ride fight fly [ ] boy oil join loyal [ ] go hope show boat [a ]
now
crown
mouth
round
輔 音 輕輔音 [p] pen [t] task [k] cat kite school [f] five photo tough enough [s] six nice [θ] thin [∫] sheep wash sure [t∫] chip touch hatch watch [tr] tree treat try [ts]
hats
cats
bites
[b] buy [d] desk [g] give [v] view [z] zero rose boys [ ] this [ ] decision measure pleasure [d ] jeep june edge age [dr] drive dry [dz]
reads
beds
rides
濁輔音 3個鼻音 [m] mini [n] nine [η] sing
3個似拼音 [h] hike [r] rice [l] like apple
2個半元音 [w] we why [j] [ju:] yes unit
1.英語單詞分單音節詞、雙音節詞和多音節詞
2.確定音節時, 一不能只看字母的數, 二不能只看有沒有元音字母, 而是要看有沒有元音。): 音節是包含一個元音或一個元音跟別的輔音結合而成的發音單位。在英語中元音特別響亮, 一個元音可以構成一個音節 ; 一個元音和一個或幾個元音或輔音音素也可以構成一個音節, 如：go, bed, lamp, stand。一般來說,元音可以構成音節, 輔音不響亮, 不能構成音節。
3.但是, ple也是個音節。這是因為英語的28個輔音中有4個響音( / m / , / n / , / /, / l / ) 它可以和它前面的另一個輔音構成一個音節, 叫做成節音(syllabic), 它總是出現在詞的末尾, 而且是非重讀的, 如：
people /pl/, table /bl/, socialism /zm /
4. 濁化音 以sp__, st___, sk___等開頭的單詞中，清輔音/p/ /t/ /k/分別要發濁輔音/b/ /d/ /g/等。如：school， sport, sky, start, star，stress
2. 單詞重音 (Word stress): 一般來說, 單音節都是重讀音節。
重音符號是個直撇,位置在重讀音節的左上方。多音節詞中往往有次重讀音節(secondary stress),次重音符號是一個從下往上挑的直撇,位置在次重讀音節的左下方，如：conversation [ k nv se n]，
retell [ ri tel]。
掌握好單詞重音的意義在于它不僅涉及單詞讀音的正確與否，而且關系到詞性的問題，也就是說，單詞重音對于單詞來說，有它的辨音和辨義作用，例如：
有些詞屬于名詞或形容詞詞性時，它的重音往往在前綴上, 而當這些詞屬于動詞詞性時, 它的重音卻往往在詞根上(名前動后)
`record n.唱片/ re`cord v.記錄;
`present n.禮物/ pre`sent v.呈現；贈送
`desert n.沙漠/ de`sert v.拋棄
`object n.物體/ ob`ject v.反對
讀下面單詞,有幾個音節？
en`danger [ n de nd ] 危害v.
con`sultant [k n s lt nt] 顧問 n.
`principle [ pr ns pl] 原則，道德準則n.
conser`vation [ k ns ve n] 保護n.
co`incidence [k ns d ns]巧合 n.
`substitute [ s bst tju t]替代品 n.
academic [ k dem k] 學術的 n.
A. 音節的種類:
(A) 開音節(Open syllables): 分絕對開音節
和相對開音節兩種。不論是絕對開音節還是相對開音節, 讀音的規則就是發其中元音字母的名稱音
a[e ]; e[i:]; i [a ] ; o[ ]; u[ju:]
a) 元音字母+輔音字母+e : name, bike, home, huge, plane, shine，
b) 輔音字母+元音字母: he, go, hi, be, hello
(B) 閉音節(Close syllables): 元音字母
后面有輔音字母（r除外）時, 這個元
音字母構成的音節叫做閉音節。
它的讀音規則是:
a[ ]; e [e]; i [ ]; o[ ]; u[ ]
a) 輔音+元音+輔音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map
b)元音+輔音: it,is, of, in, on, up, ant
如: at, cat, desk, best; sit, pig,
pick; hot, knock; up, cut, duck等。
音的同化：一個音受另一個鄰近音的影響而改變發音：meet you / did you / could you…
音的脫落：兩個或多個輔音連在一起，其中一個不發音：could; climb; Wednesday…
不完全爆破：前面的爆破音只做發音口型，不等爆破就轉入發后面的輔音blackboard; Good night; goodbye； backpack… Just one last dance.
連讀：關系密切的一組詞，前一個詞以輔音結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，這兩個音常連在一起讀。Take a look at it. / turn around/ wherever/ what about you
意群的停頓： 對于一個較長的句子，可以根據意思和結構將其分成幾群（一般會在謂語動詞前、并列或從屬連詞前、介詞前停頓）。
Part A Reading aloud (模仿朗讀) （用/劃停頓，v.n.adj.adv.一般重讀，注意弱讀和連讀，注意尾音-s-es-ed-t-ly-m等，注意單詞的重音，不要吞音,不要加尾音；注意升降調；注意不認識單詞的讀音用諧音，數字人名地名要讀準。流暢度最重要，不要漏單詞）
When we think of our childhood, we often think of it as a time of long school holidays, a time of exploration. As well as growing new talents, we also think of this stage of childhood as a time of growing upwards. But the strange thing is our growth actually slows right down. In studying our consumption of energy, scientists have provided one of the reasons why we take so long to grow up. It’s a trade-off between growing our body versus growing our brain. We simply can’t get enough calories to fully grow both at the same time. （2023A卷）
用/劃停頓
Music. It’s the universal language we all know, we all feel. It holds the remarkable power to bring us together in moments both big and small. A single lyric can sweep you up and pull you back to a treasured moment lost in time. It sees no lines of race or nationality. It’s universal, generational, multicultural. It gives us hope, joy, harmony, harmony within ourselves and with one another. The great power of music binds us all together, especially when we need it most, when the world seems to need it most. Music is harmonious And the world can be, too. （2023 B卷）
請自行朗讀這些單詞
obvious [ bvi s] adj.明顯的; 顯然的; 易理解的
analysis [ n l s s] n.分析
rank [r k] n.等級
royal [ r l] adj.皇家的; 王室的
inefficient [ n f nt] adj.效率低的
worthy [ w i] adj. 值得尊敬的; 有價值的
church [t t ] n.教堂; 禮拜;教會
universe [ ju n v s] n.宇宙
primitive [ pr m t v] adj.原始的; 遠古的
請朗讀并準備默寫這些單詞
ob vious [ bvi s] adj.明顯的; 顯然的; 易理解的
a na ly sis [ n l s s] n.分析
rank [r k] n.等級
roy al [ r l] adj.皇家的; 王室的
in e ffi cient [ n f nt] adj.效率低的
wor thy [ w i] adj. 值得尊敬的; 有價值的
church [t t ] n.教堂; 禮拜;教會
u ni verse [ ju n v s] n.宇宙
pri mi tive [ pr m t v] adj.原始的; 遠古的
請默寫這些單詞
1. [ b vi s] adj.明顯的; 顯然的; 易理解的
2. [ n l s s] n.分析
3. [r k] n.等級
4. [ r l] adj.皇家的; 王室的
5. [ n f nt] adj.效率低的
6. [ w i] adj. 值得尊敬的; 有價值的
7. [t t ] n.教堂; 禮拜;教會
8. [ ju n v s] n.宇宙
9. [ pr m t v] adj.原始的; 遠古的
元 音 12個單元音 長元音 [a:] [ :] [ ] [i:] [u:] 短元音 [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [e] [ ] 8個雙元音 [ ] [e ] [ ] [e ] [a ] [ ] [ ] [a ] 輔 音 10對 清輔音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts]
濁輔音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ ] [ ] [d ] [dr] [dz]
3個鼻音 [m] [n] [ ]
3個似拼音 [h] [r] [l]
2個半元音 [w] [j]
Homework
運用音標知識，熟讀讀必修一整本書的 單詞，會劃分音節，在單詞上劃出元音想對應的發音字母組合。
運用音標知識，嘗試背誦默寫unit1的單詞。

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