資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共20張PPT)
由詞到句——夯實(shí)英語邏輯內(nèi)力
十大詞類和八種句子成分
十大詞類
PART ONE
十大詞類
感嘆詞、冠詞、形容詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞、代詞、連詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、副詞
口訣：名代動(dòng)、形副數(shù)、介連冠感
Wow! The beautiful girl gave two kisses to him and run away quickly 形修名（形容詞在前）、副修動(dòng)（副詞在后）
十大詞類
十大詞類
實(shí)詞有實(shí)際意義可以單獨(dú)使用；虛詞并不是
十大詞類
C\A/C
八種句子成分
PART TWO
What to learn
句子是表達(dá)思想的基本單位,句子的主要成分包括主語和謂語, 次要成分包括賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語、同位語等。
What to learn
主語是句子講述的對(duì)象,表示所說的“是什么”或“是誰”。主語是謂語動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或所處狀態(tài)的主體。主語一般由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式、從句或名詞化的形容詞等充當(dāng)。
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.
It aims to raise people’s awareness of protecting oceans.
Listening to English songs is the most popular way.
What to learn
謂語用來描述主語的行為動(dòng)作、主語具有的特征或所處的狀態(tài),常位于主語之后。謂語主要由動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞短語、系表結(jié)構(gòu)等充當(dāng)。謂語有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣的變化。謂語與主語在“人稱”與“數(shù)”方面應(yīng)保持一致,即主謂一致。
The English programme is widely popular among us students.
We can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizons.
What to learn
賓語是動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象,由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞(短語或從句)來充當(dāng),它和謂語動(dòng)詞一起說明主語是什么,通常放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后,有時(shí)會(huì)有雙賓語。
We can’t throw rubbish especially plastic rubbish there.
Mr Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice.
What to learn
賓語補(bǔ)足語是對(duì)賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明的句子成分,一般放在賓語之后。常用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式、過去分詞等。“賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”統(tǒng)稱為“復(fù)合賓語”。
We called him Peter.
She always keeps our classroom clean.
What to learn
表語位于連系動(dòng)詞后,用來說明主語的身份、特征、狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、職業(yè)、數(shù)量、處所等。
(1)表示“狀態(tài)”類:be (am, is, are, was, were);
(2)表示“持續(xù)”類:keep, stay, remain, lie等;
(3)表示“表象”類:seem, appear等;
(4)表示“感官”類:look, sound, smell, taste, feel;
(5)表示“漸變”類:grow, turn, get, go, become, come, fall;
(6)表示“證明”類:prove。
What to learn
定語是用于對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子。單個(gè)詞作定語常放在被修飾詞之前(前置定語),而短語或從句作定語,往往放在被修飾詞之后(后置定語)。
My best friend was a girl who was called Mary.
It provides us with a good opportunity to have a better command of traditional Chinese culture.
What to learn
狀語用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語或整個(gè)句子,用來表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式、比較、伴隨等。狀語一般放在句末,但有時(shí)也可以放在句首、句中。
Most of the students really respect her because she has top teaching skills.
Without his help, we couldn’t have worked it out.
What to learn
同位語是對(duì)名詞或代詞的進(jìn)一步解釋說明,且與其前面的名詞或代詞在語法上處于同等的地位,常位于名詞或代詞之后。
We students should put our heart into the study.(名詞作同位語)
You each have a chance to go to college. .(代詞作同位語)
基本句型
PART Three
What to learn
主語+謂語
主語+謂語+賓語
主語+謂語+間賓+直賓
主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)
5 主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語
6. There be 句型
What to learn
The door opened.
She teaches English.
The flower smells sweet.
Mr Smith lent me his car.
The news made us very surprised.
There is a small pool at the foot of the mountain.
翻譯作業(yè)
上周五我在公園里上了一節(jié)美術(shù)課。
我認(rèn)真地畫了一幅圖畫,里面有很多小鳥，小狗，草地，藍(lán)天和白云。
看到我的作品，我笑了。
老師表揚(yáng)了我。
我感到很開心。

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