資源簡介

(共34張PPT)
Unit 4　Grammar—Review of phrases
Learning objectives
Review how to use phrases
Learn to distinguish phrases and use them flexibly
Learn to use phrases correctly in daily lives
01
短語的定義與分類
短語定義
短語(Phrases)是英語中有一定意義但不構成
獨立從句或句子的組詞。
英語短語可在句中充當主語、謂語、賓語、
定語、狀語、補語、同位語等。
Noun phrase(NP)
名詞短語
Verb phrase(VP)
Adverbial phrase(AdvP)
Adjective phrase(AdjP)
Prepositional phrase(PrepP)
動詞短語
形容詞短語
副詞短語
介詞短語
短語類型
① clothes shop
② developed countries
③ tired but happy
④ so deeply
⑤ from behind
⑥ in favor of
⑦ give up
⑧ find a seat to sit on
NP
NP
AdjP
AdvP
PreP
PrepP
VP
VP
Look at the following phrases and recognize their types.
一、 名詞短語 (noun phrase,簡稱NP)
名詞短語是指以一個名詞為中心構成的短語。
指出下列句子中畫線名詞短語所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。
1. These ideas may seem strange to you. 作 ______
2. We love our great motherland very much. 作 ______
3. The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. 作_____
4. Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan Province. 作 _____
5. We elected him monitor of our class. 作 _________
主語
賓語
表語
主語
賓語補足語
合作探究1
1. 名詞短語在句中作名詞用，一般用作 ________
___________________________ 等。
2. 名詞短語由“ (限定詞) ＋ (數詞、形容詞、形容詞短語描述性名詞) ＋ 名詞 ＋ (介詞短語) ”組成。
主語、
賓語、表語、賓語補足語
【提醒】限定詞包括：
冠詞 (a, an, the)
指示代詞 (this, that, these, those等)
物主代詞 (my, your, his, her, our, their等)
不定代詞(some, no, neither, both等)
Conclusion 1
冠詞+形容詞+名詞
an exciting experience 一次激動人心的經歷
the broken window 破碎的窗玻璃
冠詞+名詞+介詞+名詞
a piece of bread 一塊面包
the book for children 兒童讀物
常見的名詞短語
名詞所有格短語
today's newspaper 今天的報紙
the teachers’ office 老師的辦公室
名詞+to 短語
the way to success 成功之道
the entrance to the cinema 電影院入口
名詞+with短語
a man with good manners 有禮貌的男士
a girl with golden hair 金發的女孩
名詞作定語的名詞短語
railway station 火車站
glass cup 玻璃杯
判斷句中的名詞短語及其句法功能
He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.
The tall building was built last year.
This is a very interesting book.
We made him captain of our team.
The flower shop is just around the corner and you won't miss it.
He has received a nice coffee cup as a gift.
This is an exciting experience which will never be forgotten.
We made Tom monitor of our class.
賓
主
表
賓補
主
賓
賓
表
賓補
二、形容詞短語 (AdjP)
指出下列句子中畫線形容詞短語所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。
1. The air today is nice and clean. 作 _____
2. She is a lively and lovely girl. 作 _____
3. He found the film very interesting. 作 _____
表語
定語
賓補
合作探究2
形容詞短語是指以一個形容詞為中心構成的短語，在句子中的功能相當于形容詞。
1. 形容詞短語在句中作形容詞用，可以修飾名詞或代詞，作 _____，還可用作 _______或者 ________等。
2. 形容詞短語由“ (副詞) ＋ 形容詞 ＋ (介詞短語) ”組成。
表語
賓語補足語
定語
二、形容詞短語 (AdjP)
Conclusion 2
常見的形容詞短語
形容詞+形容詞(多個形容詞由 and, but 等連詞連接)
large and beautiful young but clever
tired but happy thirsty and hungry
副詞+形容詞(very, so, enough, quite, pretty等
副詞表程度，enough 修飾形容詞時，放在形容詞后面)
very hot
awfully dirty
pretty good
long enough
常見的形容詞短語
be+形容詞+介詞
be particular about 對······挑剔
be aware of 意識到
be rich in 富含……
be successful in 在·····方面成功
be addicted to 對····上癮
副詞短語是指以一個副詞為中心構成的短語，在句子中的功能相當于副詞。
三、副詞短語 (AdvP)
指出下列句子中畫線副詞短語所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。
1. He ran very quickly yesterday.
修飾 _______ 作 _______
動詞
狀語
合作探究3
2. I am much too pleased to see you.
修飾 _______ 作 _______
3. She plays well enough as a beginner.
修飾 _______ 作 _______
4. He worked much more carefully on the new design. 修飾 _______ 作 _______
形容詞
狀語
動詞
狀語
副詞
狀語
合作探究3
1. 副詞短語在句中作副詞用，可以修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，作 _________ 等。
2. 副詞短語由“ (修飾語) ＋ 副詞”組成。
狀語
Conclusion 3
【提醒】副詞enough在修飾形容詞或者副詞構成形容詞短語或者副詞短語時，一般放在所修飾的形容詞或者副詞后面。
常見的副詞短語
副詞+副詞(多個副詞由 and, but 等連詞連接)
again and again quickly and correctly
very/so/quite/pretty/extremely/much+副詞
(副詞enough 修飾副詞時，放在副詞后面)
so/very/extremely fast
much quicker quite/fairly/pretty well
fairly regularly clearly enough
在英語中動詞短語按其在句子中的功能可分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞短語。
謂語動詞是由時態、人稱和數來決定動詞形式,是表示動作或狀態的,它又可分為:實義動詞、連系動詞、情態動詞和助動詞四種。
非謂語動詞就是不能作句子謂語而具有其他語法功能的動詞。
四、動詞短語 (verb phrases)
① put back 放回去　　
② call back 回電話
③ break down 出故障
④ turn down 調小
⑤ come up 上升
1、動詞＋副詞
⑥ blow up 爆炸
⑦ show off 炫耀
⑧ give off 散發
⑨ break out突然發生
⑩ run out 用完
動詞短語的構成
① bring about引起　　　　
② contribute to 導致
③ fall into 陷入
④ seek for尋找
⑤ burst into 闖入
2、動詞＋介詞
⑥ look into 調查
⑦ see to 處理；負責
⑧ devote to 貢獻給
⑨ deal with 處理
⑩ believe in 信任
① add up to 總計
② keep away from遠離
③ look down on 輕視
④ keep up with 趕上
⑤ make up for 彌補
3、動詞＋副詞＋介詞
⑥ get on with 相處
⑦ get across to使明白
⑧ get out of 逃避,避免
⑨ put up with 忍受
⑩ catch up with 趕上
① catch sight of 看見,瞥見　
② make use of 利用
③ pay attention to 注意
④ make sense of 理解
⑤ take notice of 注意到
⑥ take care of 照看
4、動詞＋名詞＋介詞
⑦ take part in 參加
⑧ take advantage of
利用
⑨ take pride in
為……感到自豪
⑩ make room for
為……騰出空間
以介詞為中心詞的短語叫作介詞短語，可在句子作 等。
五、介詞短語 (PreP)
指出下列句子中畫線副詞短語所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。
1、He was hunting in the forest when he saw the terrible bear. 作 _______
狀語
合作探究
2、I think that your son must be on the playground now. 作 _______
3、The apple on the table is reserved for my little daughter. 作 _______
4、It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. 作 _______
表語
定語
賓補
合作探究
以介詞為中心詞的短語叫作介詞短語，可在句子作 等。
五、介詞短語 (PreP)
狀語、表語、定語、賓補等
02
鞏固練習
1. Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP, and prepositional phrases PrepP. （P41）
1. I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets,
and it’s always nice to get mail!
VP (謂)
NP (賓)
AdjP (表)
VP (真主)
2.More importantly, she was my best friend.
3. Tombe’s father，Mukap，a man with a strong jaw
and a wrinkled forehead，led us to his house.
NP (表)
AdvP (狀)
NP (主)
PrepP (定)
VP (謂)
PrepP (狀)
NP (同位語)
4. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum
with kau kau(sweet potato)，ripe corn，and greens.
5. Later，I noticed a can standing upside down on the
grill over the fire.
NP (賓)
PrepP (狀)
PrepP (狀)
AdvP (狀)
PrepP (狀)
PrepP (狀)
NP (賓)
6. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as
we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.
NP (主)
PrepP (狀)
PrepP (狀)
VP (謂)
NP (主)
VP (謂)
China has offered __________________________ to many countries in its Belt and Road Initiative. In the Congo, many __________ have been transformed into _______________________ since then. Trains run ___________________ Europe from China, and to China from Europe, bringing new jobs and opportunities to both ends. Chinese healthcare workers have also been sent to provide aid to places _____________________. Despite all the difficulties involved in this project, these efforts have been greeted with ______________ support from the locals.
plete the passage with the phrases below in their proper forms.
beautiful modern road a chorus of dusty track straight towards
a large amount of investment with dangerous disease
a large amount of investment
dusty tracks
beautiful modern roads
with dangerous diseases
a chorus of
straight towards
Goodbye!

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