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(共20張PPT)
名詞性從句
一、概念
LiHua, my idol(偶像), is a famous artist,
and he likes basketball.
總結：名詞可在句中充當____語，_____語，____語，
_____語。
主語
同位語
系V
表語
主語
謂V
賓語
主
賓
表
同位
思考：如果把名詞所充當的成分換成句子我們稱之為什么？
在英語的句子結構中，本來該由名詞充當的主語、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個句子來充當，這個句子就叫名詞性從句。
名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞
二、引導詞
從屬連詞：that(無任何詞意), if/whether(是否)
連接代詞：what, which, who, whom, whose, 疑問詞+ever
連接副詞：when, where, how, why ( how組成的詞組如：how many, how long, how far , how much, how often)
(1)What he said is not true.
(2)Whether he will go there is not known.
(3)Whoever comes is welcome.
(4)It’s certain that he will succeed.
(5)When they will start the project has not been decided yet.
三、主語從句
找規律
位于動詞（謂語動詞/系動詞）之前；
2、It作形式主語
（1）It +be+形容詞（necessary/likely/difficult/important/
certain···）+that從句
eg: It is important that we should study English well.
（2）It +be+名詞（短語）（a pity/ no wonder/ no surprise等）+that從句
eg: It is a pity that you can’t come.
1、位置
（3）It +be+過去分詞 (said/reported/thought/ believed /decided等)+that從句eg：It is said that we will have a long holiday.
（4）It+不及物動詞（seems/appears/happens等）+that從句eg: It appears that we won’t be laid off.看起來我們不會被解雇。
(1) They all think that the girl is very beautiful.
(2) He asked how much I paid for the book.
(3) She made it clear that she tried her best to do the job.
(4) I find it necessary that we should finish the homework together.
(5) It all depends on whether he will support me.
四、賓語從句
找規律
1、位置：
位于謂語動詞，介詞和部分形容詞之后；
2、It 作形式賓語：一些動詞后的賓語從句有賓語補足語時，需要用it作形式主語；
（1）常這樣用的動詞有feel/find/think/consider/believe/guess/suppose/make等；eg:I find it hard that we can study English well.
（2）動詞hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy等以及及物動詞短語see to(確保), depend on, rely on等后常用it作形式賓語；eg: I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
(1)The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
(2)The issue is whether we can finish the project by the dealine.
(3)The important thing is how we respond to unexpected challenges.
(4)I love this song. That’s because it remind me of my childhood.
(5)It seems as if he knows the answer already.
五、表語從句
找規律
1、位置：位于系動詞之后
系動詞:
(1)be
(2似乎) seem, appear to
(3保持) keep, remain, stay
(4變得) become, turn, get, grow
(5感官) look, taste, smell, sound, feel
2、as if/ as though（似乎，好像）引導的表語從句，常放在be, seem, look, taste, sound 等之后；eg: It sounds as if you have a good time.
3、because和why 引導的表語從句
This/That is/was because···這是/那是因為···
This/That is/was why···這是/那是···的原因
eg: He has lung cancer. That is because he has been smoking too much.
(1)The news that he couldn’t come made us upset.
(2)I have no idea whether she will attend the meeting.
(3)I have no idea what they are talking about.
(4)There is no doubt that she is the best student in our school.
(5)His belief that hard work leads to success is admirable.
六、同位語從句
找規律
利潤60%
2、抽象名詞：news, fact, idea, opinion, doubt, hope, wish, order, advice, suggestion, thought, decision, conclusion, question, problem, word, possibility, truth, promise等
1、位置
位于抽象名詞之后
從句在復合句中充當同位語成分，一般跟在一些抽象名詞后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明.
3、that引導定語從句和同位語從句的區別:
在定語從句中，that指人或物，作主語或賓語，作賓語時可以省略；在同位語從句中，that不作成分，沒有實意，不能省略；
eg: The news that he told me was Tom was ill. (定語從句)（對news進行限定修飾）The news that Tom was ill was told by him. (同位語從句)（對news消息的內容進行解釋）
220萬
名詞性從句
主語從句
賓語從句
表語從句
同位語從句
置于謂語動詞前，注意it 作形式主語
置于vt. /prep./部分adj.之后
置于系動詞之后
置于抽象名詞后
注意與定語從句的區別
語序為：陳述語序
七、注意
Whether和if引導名詞性從句的區別：（只用whether的情況）
（1）引導主語/表語/同位語從句；
（2）作介詞賓語：
（3）后接動詞不定式；
（4）后有or not 時；
（5）作discuss/decide/advise/choose/consider的賓語;
what和which在名詞性從句中作定語的區別：
Which+n. 在一定范圍內的“哪個···”What+n. 無范圍，泛指，“什么樣的···”
I don’t know what color he likes best.I don’t know which color he will choose from these clothes.
八、做題步驟1、根據位置判斷是什么從句；2、分詞從句缺少什么成分，缺啥補啥A. 缺 主語，賓語，表語，定語，用連接代詞（根據句意選擇）；B. 不缺主語，賓語，表語，定語，看意義是否完整，意義完整用that; 意義不完整，看缺不缺“是否”，缺，用if/whether；不缺“是否”，考慮狀語，即用連接副詞（根據句意選擇）；3、結合句子翻譯選擇結構和意義都正確的連接詞。
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