資源簡介 (共46張PPT)高頻詞匯精講高頻詞匯 情境破詞匯 1 devote oneself to致力,專心,獻身My meaning simply is...that whatever I have devoted myself to, I have devoted myself to com-pletely...我的意思不過是……無論我致力于什么,我都全身心投入…… (教材P43)詞匯拓展①devote vt.致力,傾注;把……用于devote one's life/time/energy to (doing) sth.把一生/時間/精力奉獻于(做)某事 In the future, I will be a good doctor to heal the wounded and rescue the dying, devoting mylife to my work.將來,我會成為一名救死扶傷的好醫生,把一生奉獻于我的工作。 (寫作·職業規劃) You shouldn't devote your spare time to playing computer games.你不應該把空閑時間用在玩電腦游戲上。②devoted adj.忠誠的;摯愛的;全心全意的(be) devoted to (doing)...專心于(做)……;致力于(做)…… Devoted to teaching all his life, the old man has earned the reputation that he deserves.這位老人畢生致力于教書,贏得了應得的名聲。③devotion n.關愛,摯愛;奉獻,專心devotion to...對……的關愛/奉獻 Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring.萊斯利·尼爾森對表演的投入非常鼓舞人心。 (2021浙江)Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, aworld of dreams and magic.讓一首小曲吸引耳朵,或者讓一部巨著觸動心靈,這樣我們便會發現一個新的世界,一個充滿夢想和魔力的世界。 (教材P44)情景導學The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.結果證明,這本書已經吸引了世界350多年。The students' union appeals to us students to do housework in our spare time.學生會呼吁我們學生在業余時間做家務。The purpose of the passage is to appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.這篇文章的目的是呼吁在醫療方面(人們享有)平等的權利。We made an appeal to the villagers to donate money to build a bridge.我們呼吁村民們捐款來建一座橋。詞匯 2 appeal vi.有吸引力;申訴;呼吁 n.吸引力;申訴;呼吁用法歸納 ①appeal sb./sth.吸引某人/某物;對某人/某物有吸引力②appeal (to sb.) ... (向某人)呼吁……③appeal to sb. sth.呼吁某人做某事 ④make an appeal to sb. sth.呼吁某人做某事詞匯拓展appealing adj.有吸引力的 Cattle tend to be kept in remote places and their value has risen, making them appealing tar-gets.牛往往被飼養在偏遠的地方,它們的價值已經有所提升,這使它們成為吸引人的目標。 (2021新高考Ⅱ)toforto doto doThe first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.第一步是確定它的一些重要的特質。 (教材P44)情景導學The important thing in life is to set a goal and then determine to fulfill it.生活中重要的事情是設定一個目標,然后下決心實現它。She determined on an early start in the morning.她決定早上早點動身。用法歸納①determine sth.決定/決心做某事②determine sth.決定某事詞匯 3 determine vt.確定;支配;決心 vi.決心to do on詞匯拓展①determined adj.堅決的;有決心的be determined to do sth.下定決心做某事 I am determined to study hard, to be a useful person to the country and to contribute to the im-provement in people's lives.我下定決心努力學習,成為一個對國家有用的人,并為改善人民的生活做出貢獻。(寫作·理想與志向)②determination n.決心③表示“決定做某事”的其他表達:decide to do sth.make up one's mind to do sth.The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.第一步是確定它的一些重要的特質。 (教材P44)詞匯拓展①significance n.重要性,意義;意思,含義be of great significance=be very significant非常重要;有重大意義 Plogging not only helps us keep physically and mentally healthy but also is of great signifi-cance to protect the environment and our homeland.跑步撿垃圾不僅有助于我們保持身心健康,而且對保護環境和我們的家園具有重要意義。②significantly adv.有重大意義地;顯著地;明顯地 Since that first attempt I have been jogging regularly and am significantly fitter.自從嘗試了第一次,我就一直定期慢跑,身體明顯健康多了。詞匯 4 significant adj.有重要意義的,顯著的③insignificant adj.不重要的;無足輕重的 Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant.沒有人選擇談論它,因為它似乎太微不足道了。 (2022浙江1月)Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our atten-tion...有些真與美一直被忽視,直到一個敏銳的人類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意…… (教材P45)情景導學A good listener can be sensitive to others' feelings.一個好的傾聽者能體諒他人的感情。Scientists have found that bamboo is very sensitive to climate change.科學家們發現竹子對氣候變化非常敏感。用法歸納be sensitive sth.體諒……;對……敏感詞匯 5 sensitive adj.感覺敏銳的;體貼的;敏感的;靈敏的to...just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.……就像貝殼呈現出來那些未受到注意的聲音一樣。 (教材P45)情景導學My face was clearly reflected in the water when I was sitting on the bank.當我坐在岸邊時,我的臉清晰地映在水中。 (讀后續寫·場景描寫)I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week.我反思今天過得怎么樣,并思考本周剩下的時間。用法歸納①reflect /upon sth.認真思考某事②be reflected ...映在……;反映在……詞匯 6 reflect v.反映,顯示;映出(影像);反射(聲、光、熱等);沉思onin詞匯拓展reflection n.反射;反映;映像;沉思on reflection經過認真思考 Romantics looked on folk tales as a reflection of the soul of people.浪漫主義者把民間故事視為一種人們內心的反映。 On reflection, we decided to change our plan.仔細考慮之后,我們決定改變我們的計劃。情景助記reflect的不同意思One important feature of classic literature is that it often reflects an author's own experiencesand can therefore help us understand the important issues of his or her time.經典文學作品的一個重要特征是,它經常反映作者自己的經歷,因此可以幫助我們理解他或她那個時代的重要問題。(教材P47)情景導學The self-help group was founded for people who have issues with money.這個自助小組是為那些在金錢方面有問題的人成立的。The government issued a statement about its new policy to the public.政府就其新政策向公眾發表了一份聲明。詞匯 7 issue n.重要議題,爭論的問題;問題,擔憂;(報刊)一期 vt.宣布,公布;(正式)發給China has issued licenses to tens of thousands of people with partial or full sight impairment torecognize their “medical masseur” profession as a way of improving their incomes.中國已經向成千上萬個部分或全部視力受損的人發放執照,以承認他們的“醫療按摩師”職業,以此作為一種提高他們收入的方式。 (China Daily)用法歸納 ①raise/bring up an issue提出問題②deal with an issue處理問題③have issues ...在某方面有問題 ④issue sth. sb.向某人公布某事物;把某物發給某人with toThe book's main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man.這本書的主角是斯克魯奇,一個富有但吝嗇的老人。 (教材P49)情景導學The rich boss, who is mean to his workers, is so mean with money.那位富有的老板對他的工人很刻薄,在金錢上非常吝嗇。After dinner, I start my homework, and that often means going online to do research.晚飯后,我開始做作業,那通常意味著上網做研究。I didn't mean to eat anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it.我沒打算吃任何東西,但這個冰激凌看起來太好吃了,我忍不住嘗了嘗。詞匯 8 mean adj.吝嗇的,小氣的;不善良的,刻薄的 v.表示……的意思;意思是;打算;意味著;重要用法歸納 ①be mean sb.對某人刻薄②be mean with sth.在某物上吝嗇 ③mean sth.打算做某事④mean sth.意味著做某事⑤mean sth. to sb.對某人很重要⑥mean that...意思是……;意味著……詞匯拓展①meaning n.意義,意思 Just as a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change themeaning of a paragraph.正如一個字可以改變一個句子的意思,一個句子可以改變一段話的意思。②meaningful adj.重要的;意味深長的;意義明顯的toto dodoingAfter coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.八十四天空手而歸后,圣地亞哥試圖捕撈一條大魚。 (教材P53)情景導學Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.每年約有四萬人試圖攀登非洲最高峰乞力馬扎羅山。The boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents at the station.男孩們試圖去野營但在車站被他們的父母攔住了。 (讀后續寫·情節描寫)Then she became so excited that she accidentally knocked over the box in an attempt to get clos-er.然后它變得如此激動,以至于它在試圖靠箱子近一點兒時意外地把箱子碰翻了。 (2020浙江1月)He passed his driving test at the first attempt.他第一次參加駕照考試就通過了。詞匯 9 attempt vt.& n.努力,嘗試,試圖用法歸納 ①attempt sth.試圖/努力做某事 ②make an/every/no attempt /at doing sth.試圖/盡一切努力/沒有企圖做某事③ an/one's attempt to do sth.企圖/試圖/為了做某事④ the first attempt 第一次嘗試詞匯拓展attempted adj.未遂的attempted murder謀殺未遂to doto doinat高頻詞匯積累詞匯 釋義 用法& 拓展description n.描述,形容,說明 a detailed/brief description詳細的/簡要的說明describe v.描述capable adj.有能力,有才能;能力強的 be capable of doing sth.有能力做某事capability n.才能,能力 incapable adj.沒有能力的-able是形容詞后綴,表示“可……的;能……的”。如:available可用的;reliable可靠的launch vt.使(船)下水;開始從事,發動;發射 launch a campaign開始進行一場運動launch a satellite發射一顆衛星contain vt.包含,含有,容納 involve vt.包含 include vt.包括;包含universal adj.普遍的,共同的;普遍存在的 universally adv.全體地;一致地;到處 universe n.宇宙-al是形容詞后綴,表示“……的;有……特性的”。如:personal個人的;normal 正常的;national 國家的feature n.特色,特征 vt.以……為特色,是……的特征 a key feature一個重要特征a common feature共同的特征(2023北京)the main features of the park公園的主要特征(2023新課標Ⅱ)generosity n.慷慨,大方,寬宏大量 generous adj.慷慨的,大方的extremely adv.極其,非常,極端 extremely important極其重要(2023新課標Ⅱ)extremely serious fellow 非常嚴肅的家伙(2022浙江1月)extreme adj.極度的;極大的;異乎尋常的destroy vt.摧毀,毀滅,破壞 destruction n.破壞;毀滅 damage v.損壞,破壞 ruin v.毀壞,破壞defeat vt.擊敗,戰勝 n.失敗,戰敗;擊敗 a narrow/heavy defeat 惜敗/慘敗 admit defeat認輸 beat v.打敗confused adj.糊涂的,迷惑的;不清楚的,混亂的 be confused about sth.對某事物感到困惑confusing adj.令人困惑的;難以理解的confuse vt.使迷惑;使更難于理解;(將……)混淆confusion n.困惑;困窘;混亂局面;混淆-ed作形容詞后綴時,表示“有……的;有……特征的;以……為特征的”。如:excited 興奮的;frightened 害怕的;delighted高興的Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, aworld of dreams and magic.讓一首小曲吸引耳朵,或者讓一部巨著觸動心靈,這樣我們就會發現一個新的世界,一個充滿夢想和魔力的世界。 (教材P44)情景導學Add love to a house and you have a home.將愛賦予一座房子,你就有了家。Keep working hard and you will achieve success.繼續努力,你就會獲得成功。用法歸納在“祈使句+and+陳述句”結構中,and 表示前后分句是 關系,意思是“那么;就”。經典結構 情境破結構 1 祈使句+and+陳述句順承結構拓展①祈使句+and then+陳述句 Open the door, and then you will feel the fresh air coming in.打開門,然后你會感受到新鮮的空氣涌進來。②祈使句+or else/or+陳述句 Be quiet, or else/or you'll wake up the baby.安靜點,否則你會吵醒嬰兒的。 Please call me up before you come, or else/or I might be out.你來之前請給我打個電話,否則我也許會在外面。Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother.我從來沒有見過比你更龐大、更漂亮、更冷靜、更高貴的東西,兄弟。 (教材P54)情景導學Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.之前她從沒見過任何一個打網球打得像羅伯特那么好的人。Seldom does he go to the movies.他很少去看電影。The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.這位教授警告學生們絕對不要在他的課堂上使用手機。No sooner had we got there than it began to rain.我們一到那兒就開始下雨了。Not only does work benefit us personally, but it also contributes to the development of society.工作不僅有益于我們個人,也有助于社會的發展。Only in this way are you able to finish the work on time.只有這樣你才能按時完成這項工作。結構 2 部分倒裝用法歸納①表示否定意義的詞或短語放在句首時,句子要采用部分倒裝,即把助動詞或情態動詞提到主語前面。這類詞或短語主要有never、little、seldom、rarely、nowhere、by no means、atno time、in no way、in no case、 。②在含有not...until...、no sooner...than...、hardly...when...、scarcely...when...、 等結構的復合句中,當not until、no sooner、hardly、scarcely位于句首時,主句用部分倒裝;當not only位于句首時,其所在的分句用部分倒裝。③“only+狀語/狀語從句”位于句首時,句子/主句用部分倒裝。on no accountnot only...but also...Sentence 1譯文 有些真與美一直被忽視,直到一個敏銳的人類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意,就像貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音呈現出來一樣。長難句 圖解時間狀語從句Sentence 2譯文 讀到這句詩的人可以看到以前看不見的美。Sentence 3譯文 比起它講了什么,它的吸引力更多地在于它喚醒了我們什么。定語從句定語從句賓語從句Sentence 4譯文 當克里斯托弗·馬洛筆下的浮士德博士當著海倫的面問道,“這就是讓一千艘戰船起航的那張面孔嗎 ”他便打開了一扇門,通過這扇門,我們的想象力進入一個充滿愛、美和英雄主義的新世界。時間狀語從句定語從句定語從句情態動詞情態動詞擁有助動詞的特征,但本身有一定的詞義,通常與動詞原形一起構成謂語,表示說話人的看法或主觀設想。常見的情態動詞有can、could、may、might、must、ought to、shall、should、will和would。情態動詞通常無人稱和數的變化。另外,dare、need、haveto、be able to和used to也具有情態動詞的某些特征。必備語法 情景破一、can、could與be able to的用法情景導學—Can this be true —It can't be true.——這可能是真的嗎 ——這不可能是真的。—Can/Could I use your computer for a moment —Yes, you can.——我可以用一下你的電腦嗎 ——是的,你可以。It can be quite cold here in winter.這里冬天有時會很冷。At that time the little girl couldn't speak.那時這個小女孩不會說話。The number of tourists can increase to 7,000 per day after new measures have been taken.在采取新措施后,每天的游客數可能會增加到7,000。I could never have thought a small mistake would cause such a loss.我從來沒有想到過一個小小的錯誤會造成這種損失。I'm sorry I haven't been able to answer your letter in time.我很抱歉沒能及時給你回信。Science may be able to provide some explanations of these strange phenomena.科學也許能提供一些對這些奇怪現象的解釋。用法歸納1.can和could表示允許,意為“可以”。could比can語氣更委婉。2.can和could表示能力,意為“能,會”。can表示一般性的能力,could表示過去的能力。3.can和could表示可能性,意為“可能”。can有時用來指一時的情況,意為“有時會”。4.can和could表示推測,意為“可能,能夠”,can通常用于① 和疑問句中,could可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句;還可用來表示驚訝、懷疑、猜測、不相信等,此時常用于否定句或疑問句中。5.be able to表示能力,可與can互換。但be able to有人稱和數的變化,時態形式比can更多樣,而且可以用在may、might、should等其他情態動詞后。否定句二、may與might的用法情景導學—May/Might I watch TV after supper, Mum —Yes, you may/can./No, you can't/ mustn't. ——媽媽,晚飯后我可以看電視嗎 ——是的,你可以。/不,你不可以/不能。May you succeed!祝你成功!If you start right now, you might arrive before dark.你如果現在動身,也許能在天黑之前到達。If it rains tomorrow, we may/might as well give up going hiking.如果明天下雨,我們還是放棄徒步旅行為好。用法歸納1.may和might表示請求和許可,意為“可以”。might比may語氣更委婉。肯定回答時一般用may或can,否定回答時可以用can't或② 。2.may和might表示可能性,意為“也許,或許,可能”,通常用于肯定句和否定句中,一般不用于疑問句。3.may表示祝愿。4.固定搭配:may/might as well表示“還是……為好;不妨……”。mustn't三、must與have to的用法情景導學—Must we hand in our exercise books today —Yes, you must./No, you don't have to/needn't.——我們今天必須交練習本嗎 ——是的,你們必須。/不,你們不需要。Your mother must be waiting for you now.你媽媽現在一定在等你。Must you make so much noise 你非要這么吵嗎 I had to work when I was your age.我像你這么大的時候不得不工作。用法歸納1.must表示必要、義務、命令,意為“必須”,have to意為“必須;不得不”。must表示說話人的主觀看法,而have to則強調客觀需要。在回答以must開頭的一般疑問句時,肯定回答用must,否定回答不用mustn't,而用needn't或③ 。2.must表示推測,意為“一定,肯定”,常用于④ 中。3.must表示“非要;偏要;偏偏”,表示說話人的譏諷、不耐煩等語氣。don't have to肯定句四、should與ought to的用法情景導學Students should/ought to have goals to make themselves better.學生應該有目標來使自己變得更好。I don't know why you should think that I did it.我不知道為什么你會認為是我干的。用法歸納1.should與ought to表示義務或建議,意為“應該”,也可以表示猜想或推測,意為“按道理說應當,應該會”。2.should表示說話人的驚訝、惱怒、失望等情緒。五、will、would與used to的用法情景導學Fish will die without water.魚沒有水就會死。I will help you if you're in trouble.如果你有困難,我會幫助你。When the weather was fine, he would accompany his wife for a walk along the riverbank.天氣好的時候,他總會陪著妻子沿著河岸散步。Will/Would you pass me the ball, please 請你把球傳給我好嗎 He used to be late, but now he is the first one to arrive at school every day.他過去常常遲到,但現在他每天都是第一個到學校的。用法歸納1.will和would表示習慣性動作,意為“就會,總是”,will表示現在的習慣,would表示過去的習慣。2.will和would用于第⑤ 人稱的疑問句中,表示請求,would比will語氣委婉。3.will和would表示意愿,意為“愿意,肯,會”。4.would和used to都可以表示過去的習慣 ,但would比used to正式。used to意為“⑥ ”,表示過去的習慣現在已經沒有了。二過去常常六、shall的用法情景導學What shall we do this evening 今晚我們做什么 You shall fail if you don't work hard.如果你不努力,你會失敗的。Students shall not use smartphones in class.學生不得在上課時使用智能手機。用法歸納1.用于第一、三人稱的⑦ 中,表示征求對方的意見或提出建議。2.用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中,表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、威脅、允諾等。3.用于正式文件、法律、規章制度等,表示規定。疑問句七、dare與need的用法情景導學You'd better send Lisa back home, because it's too late and she dare not go home alone atnight.你最好把莉薩送回家,因為太晚了,她晚上不敢一個人回家。How dare you say such words 你怎么敢說這樣的話 Need I tell her the news at once 我需要馬上告訴她這個消息嗎 You needn't worry too much.你不必太擔心。Jack needs to help her because she is in trouble.杰克需要幫助她,因為她遇到困難了。用法歸納1.dare用作情態動詞時,意為“敢”,常用于疑問句和⑧ 中。2.need用作情態動詞時,意為“需要”,常用于疑問句和否定句中,在否定句中表示“不必,沒有必要”。3.dare和need也可以用作實義動詞。否定句八、“情態動詞+have done”的用法情景導學He can't have gone abroad; I saw him an hour ago.他不可能出國了,我一小時前見過他。It's only fifteen minutes' walk. We needn't have taken a taxi.走路只要十五分鐘。我們本不必乘出租車的。It must have rained last night, for the ground was wet this morning.昨晚一定下雨了,因為今天早上地面是濕的。It's too late. You could have told him earlier.太遲了。你本可以早點告訴他的。You should/ought to have helped your sister with the housework.你本應該幫你姐姐做家務的。If he had studied hard, he would have passed the exam.如果他努力學習了的話,他就能通過考試了。用法歸納1.needn't have done表示“本不必做某事但做了”。2.must have done表示對過去已經發生過的情況的肯定推測,語氣較強,意思是“一定做了某事,肯定做了某事”,其否定形式用can't/couldn't have done。3.can/could have done表示對過去行為的懷疑或不確定,could的語氣較can弱。could havedone還可以表示“本能夠/可以做某事但沒有做”。4.may/might have done用于對已經發生過的情況進行不確定的推測,might的語氣稍弱。might have done還可表示“本可以做某事但沒有做”。5.should/ought to have done表示“本應該做某事但沒有做”,其否定形式則表示“本不該做某事但做了”,含有責備的意思。ought to的語氣比should強烈。6.在虛擬條件句中,如果表示與過去事實相反的情況,從句用過去完成時,主句用would/could/should/might have done。即時鞏固完成句子1.(2022新高考Ⅰ)我擔心我們15個月大的兒子會掉進小溪里。I was worried that our 15-month-old boy the creek.2.(2020天津)吉姆說只要我們保持房子干凈整潔,我們就可以暫住在他的房子里。Jim says we as long as we leave it clean andtidy.3.(2020天津5月)你本不應該因為他表現不佳而責罵他。畢竟,他已經竭盡全力了。(scold)You him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.4.我找不到我的錢包了。我昨天可能把它落在超市里了,但我不確定。I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'mnot sure.wouldfallintocanstayinhishouseshouldn'thavescoldedmay/mighthaveleft5.我的房間很亂,但我今晚出去之前不需要打掃。我可以早上打掃。My room is in a mess, but I before I go out tonight. I can do it in themorning.6.你說過你能教我英語作為回報,那正是我想要的。You mentioned that you me English in return, which is exactly what I want.needn'tcleanitcouldteach 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫