資源簡介

Unit 3　Festivals and customs
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1.You will experience new cultures, different 　　　　(習(xí)俗), unique landscapes and another language from travel.
2.The police were 　　　　(行進) forward in the world of ice and snow, which moved the people living nearby.
3.Tides are one factor that influences the movement of ocean 　　　　(水流), which move warm or cool water around the Earth.
4.Many people assume that technology means computers, hand-held devices, or 　　　　(交通工具) that travel to distant planets.
5.Treating anxiety like a disease prevents us from distinguishing between o　　　　 anxiety and anxiety disorders.
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1.Mike was trying to show off his ability by decorating the kitchen wall 　　 　　　 his pictures.
2.The bones were exposed when workers began building a new entrance 　　 　　　 a train station in London, England.
3.Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords(口號), and 　　　　　(tradition) are increasingly rare.
4.He just gave me the 　　　　　(impress) that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone.
5.Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must 　　　　　(annual) purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.
6.I 　　　　(stuff) a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me.
7.Occasions are quite rare 　　　　　 I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
8.The environment in that country is being polluted so badly 　　　 　　 all the people can’t stand it.
9.They said they 　　　　　(let) us know if they heard any news about him.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.我正要過馬路,這時一輛汽車飛馳而過。(point)
I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the road when a car sped away.(讀后續(xù)寫—情節(jié)描寫)
2.更多人開始環(huán)游世界,他們的足跡幾乎遍及世界的各個角落。(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),cover)
A lot more people start travelling around the world, their footprints 　　 　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 of the world.
3.當他站在小時候他長大的房子前時,他看到一位女士正站在門口。 (see sb. doing sth.)
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he 　 　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the entrance.
4.我被告知他們今天下午要來這兒。
I was told that they 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 this afternoon.
5.我意識到并不是每個人都喜歡寄明信片。(部分否定)
I realize that 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
能力提升練
Ⅰ.課文語法填空
The customs of the wedding in India made a deep 　1　(impress) on me. They were anything but ordinary. The bride 　2　(lead) by her father through the rows of seats to the bridegroom, 　3　 entered the hotel room on a white horse. Joining hands, the new couple 　4　(walk) around a small fire four times and then took seven steps together by the fire 　5　(make) promises about their happy life in the future. How romantic it was!
The Carnival in Rio is such a popular occasion 　6　 people there take a week off for it. I saw a group of dancers and a band 　7　(stand) in the street, and the crowd waited 　8　(excite). Soon the people jumped into action.They marched down the road, dancing, singing and cheering. I was totally caught up 　9　 the party fever. Even as I lay in bed that evening, the bright colours and lively music of the Carnival still appeared in my mind. How 　10　(amaze) the day was!
1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　
6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　
Ⅱ.語法填空
Festivals 　1　(celebrate) all around the world. They have a wide range of 　2　(origin), such as religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has 　3　(it) different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
　4　 all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important 　5　(agriculture) festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate 　6　(show) that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
Customs play a significant and relatively stable role in festivals, 　7　 sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.
Festivals are an important part of society. They are occasions 　8　 allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand 　9　 we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. If you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures 　10　(actual) have a lot in common after all.
1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　
6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A
Food Festivals Around the World
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ petition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment to Stilton cheese.
The National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from different countries, but they all share a common addiction—food that is not just spicy, but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show which is held over a period of three days every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered Habanero—one of the hottest peppers in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing is for sure—if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn’t for you!
La Tomatina—The World’s Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bu ol hosts La Tomatina—the world’s largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes—official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.
The battle lasts a little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much-needed wash!
1.In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, what do competitors on each team must do
A.Kick or throw their cheese.　　　
B.Wear various formal clothes.
C.Roll a wooden cheese in their own lane.　　　
D.Use a real cheese weighing about four kilos.
2.What can you eat at the National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show
A.Chinese food.　　　B.Hot peppers.　　　C.Sour food.　　　D.Salty chocolate.
3.How many days does the celebration of La Tomatina last
A.Three days.　　　B.Seven days.　　　C.Less than three days.　　　D.More than seven days.
4.What can we learn from the passage
A.The chief prize for the Stilton Cheese Rolling competition is beer or port wine.
B.More than 10,000 Chinese take part in the National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show.
C.An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.
D.Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show.
B
A British friend told me he couldn’t understand why Chinese people love eating sunflower seeds(瓜子) as a snack so much. “I’ve met a lot of older Chinese and many have a crack in their front teeth. I believe that that’s from cracking the seeds,” he said.
I had never noticed the habit, but once he mentioned it, I suddenly became more aware. I realized that whenever I was watching TV or typing a report, I always started mindlessly cracking sunflower seeds. My friend doesn’t like sunflower seeds, and, for him, it seems unnecessary to work so much just to get one small seed.
When we were young, the whole family would usually get together for Chinese New Year. Then, we all lived close to one another, usually in a small city, and sometimes even neighbors would go door-to-door on Chinese New Year’s Eve to check out what every family was making.
I remember my parents would be in the kitchen cooking. In the living room, a large table would already be laid out, complete with a fancy tablecloth, ready-made dumpling fillings, and dishes full of candy, fruits and sunflower seeds. Some of the dishes were to be offered to our ancestors later, while others were for neighbors and children to eat before the evening feast. I must have learned how to crack sunflower seeds back then.
I don’t think it’s right to criticize(批評) one’s choice in food or eating habits, no matter how strange they may seem.
It’s not only in China. When I went abroad, I found people had all sorts of strange habits when it came to food. In Denmark, they put salted red fish on bread and eat it for dinner, no matter how much it ruins their breath. They think it’s delicious, and it’s connected with their certain culture. I think it’s a wonderful tradition.
5.Why can’t the British friend understand Chinese love eating sunflower seeds
A.The seeds are too hard to crack.　　　
B.He thinks they are harmful to teeth.
C.He doesn’t think the seeds are worth eating.　　　
D.He doesn’t think the seeds are good.
6.What does the writer prove by mentioning Chinese New Year
A.The family get together for it.　　　
B.Children can eat delicious food on that day.
C.The traditions of celebrating it disappear.　　　
D.Eating sunflower seeds is related to it.
7.What’s the writer’s attitude to the Danish’s way of eating bread
A.Uncaring.　　　B.Negative.　　　
C.Understandable.　　　D.Doubtful.
8.What idea does the writer want to express in this passage
A.Eating habits come from a certain culture.
B.It is good to form healthy eating habits.
C.Changing your eating habits will change your life.
D.One kind of food doesn’t necessarily suit everyone.
答案與分層梯度式解析
Unit 3　Festivals and customs
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練
Ⅰ.1.customs　2.marching　3.currents　4.vehicles
5.ordinary
Ⅱ.1.with　考查介詞。decorate...with...用……裝飾……,故填with。句意:邁克(那時)正試圖用他的畫裝飾廚房的墻壁,以展示他的才能。
2.to　考查介詞。an entrance to...通往……的入口處,故填to。句意:在英國倫敦,當工人們開始建造一個通往火車站的新入口時,這些骨頭露了出來。
3.traditions　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處作and后面的分句的主語,根據(jù)后一分句的謂語動詞are可知,主語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填traditions。句意:如今,悉尼到處都是變化和進步的口號,傳統(tǒng)越來越少。
4.impression　考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的冠詞the可知,設(shè)空處作gave的賓語,需用名詞,故填impression。句意:他給我的印象是,無論我們想做什么項目,如果他一個人做,他能做得更好。
5.annually　考查副詞。此處修飾動詞purchase和carry,應(yīng)用副詞。故填annually。句意:根據(jù)這項法案,所有16歲及以上的水禽獵人必須每年購買并攜帶一張聯(lián)邦鴨票。
6.stuffed　考查時態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,and連接句中兩個并列謂語動詞,and后的謂語動詞用了一般過去時,設(shè)空處也應(yīng)用一般過去時,故填stuffed。句意:我把一塊布塞進洞里,把它帶出去,隨手把門關(guān)好。
7.when　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞Occasions,且在定語從句中作狀語;Occasions在這里意為“時機,機會”,表示時間。故填when。句意:我有時間和我的孩子們在一起待一天的機會很少。
類比啟發(fā)　occasion作先行詞,其后跟定語從句且從句中缺少狀語時,若occasion表示“時刻,時機”時,常用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)從句;若表示“場合”,常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)從句。
8.that　考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,故填that。句意:那個國家的環(huán)境正在被污染得如此嚴重,以至于所有人都無法忍受。
9.would let　考查動詞的時態(tài)。設(shè)空處在賓語從句中作謂語,主句使用的是一般過去時,設(shè)空處表示從過去的某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作,應(yīng)用過去將來時,故填would let。句意:他們說如果聽到任何關(guān)于他的消息,就通知我們。
Ⅲ.1.was on the point of crossing　2.covering almost every corner　3.saw a lady standing　4.were coming here
5.not everyone likes sending postcards
能力提升練
Ⅰ.1.impression　考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的冠詞a和形容詞deep可知,此處填名詞,作動詞made的賓語,make a deep impression on sb.表示“給某人留下深刻印象”,故填impression。
2.was led　考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)上下文語境可知,此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時;根據(jù)空后的by可知,動詞lead和主語The bride之間是被動關(guān)系,表示“新娘被帶領(lǐng)”,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);主語是單數(shù),故填was led。
3.who　考查定語從句。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞the bridegroom,指人,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。
4.walked　考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知,此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時,故填walked。
5.to make　考查動詞不定式。句意:這對新人手牽著手,圍著一個小火堆走了四圈,然后一起在火堆旁邊走了七步,為了對未來的幸福生活做出承諾。句中已有謂語動詞,此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作狀語,此處表目的,應(yīng)用動詞不定式,故填to make。
6.that　考查狀語從句。句意:里約的狂歡節(jié)是一個如此受歡迎的節(jié)日,以至于那里的人們會為此休假一周。such...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,故填that。
類比啟發(fā)　so...that...也表示“如此……以至于……”,so是副詞,其后通常跟形容詞或副詞。
7.standing　考查現(xiàn)在分詞。此處為“see+賓語+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語a group of dancers and a band和動詞stand是主動關(guān)系,且此處表示“看見某人正在做某事”,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞,故填standing。
8.excitedly　考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動詞waited,應(yīng)用副詞,動作由人發(fā)出,應(yīng)用excited的副詞形式,故填excitedly。
9.in　考查介詞。固定短語be caught up in意為“被卷入”,故填in。
10.amazing　考查形容詞。此處是感嘆句,設(shè)空處作was的表語,又有How修飾,應(yīng)用形容詞,主語是the day,指物,應(yīng)用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞,故填amazing。
Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界各地都慶祝節(jié)日,節(jié)日的起源五花八門,習(xí)俗各不相同,但內(nèi)在精神有共同之處。
1.are celebrated　考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:世界各地都慶祝節(jié)日。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處為謂語且與主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);陳述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時;主語Festivals為名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are celebrated。
2.origins　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:它們有廣泛的起源,如宗教、著名人物和重要事件。根據(jù)句意和設(shè)空處前的a wide range of可知應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填origins。
3.its　考查代詞。句意:每個節(jié)日都有不同的習(xí)俗和獨特的魅力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處作定語,修飾其后的名詞customs 和 charms,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。
4.Of　考查介詞。句意:在所有的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中,豐收節(jié)幾乎可以在每一種文化中找到。of all the...表示“在所有的……當中”,應(yīng)用介詞of,句首單詞首字母需大寫,故填Of。
5.agricultural　考查形容詞。句意:這個重要的農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)日在所有的莊稼都收割完畢后舉行。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處修飾其后的名詞festival,應(yīng)用形容詞形式作定語。故填agricultural。
6.to show　考查非謂語動詞。句意:人們慶祝是為了表示他們感激這一年的食物供應(yīng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處在句中作目的狀語,應(yīng)用不定式。故填to show。
7.but　考查連詞。句意:習(xí)俗在節(jié)日中扮演著重要且相對穩(wěn)定的角色,但有時它們會隨著時間的推移而改變。分析語境可知,前文提到習(xí)俗在節(jié)日中扮演著重要且相對穩(wěn)定的角色,后文則說有時它們會隨著時間的推移而改變,設(shè)空處前后的內(nèi)容之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填but。
8.that/which　考查定語從句。句意:它們是讓我們放松、享受生活、暫時忘記工作的時刻。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞occasions,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語,指物,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。故填that或which。
9.where　考查賓語從句。句意:它們幫助我們理解我們從哪里來、我們是誰以及應(yīng)該感激什么。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,作understand的賓語,第一個賓語從句表示“我們來自哪里”,應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
10.actually　考查副詞。句意:如果你仔細研究節(jié)日,你可能會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),不同的文化實際上有很多共同之處。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處修飾其后的動詞have,應(yīng)用副詞,故填actually。
【高頻詞匯】　1.unique adj.特別的;獨特的;獨具的　2.gratitude n.感激之情,感謝　3.play a role起作用　4.significant adj.顯著的,有重大意義的　5.relatively adv.相當程度上,相對地　6.fade away 逐漸消失　7.establish vt.使穩(wěn)固,確立;設(shè)立　8.appreciate v.感激,感謝;欣賞　9.have...in common有共同之處
長難句
原句　However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
分析　本句是主從復(fù)合句。 no matter how different they may seem是no matter how引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;all over the world是主句的地點狀語,the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals是主句。
譯文　然而,無論它們看起來多么不同,在世界各地,分享快樂、感激、愛或和平的精神在所有節(jié)日中都是共同的。
Ⅲ. A
◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界各地的幾個食品節(jié)。
1.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stilton Cheese Rolling部分中的“roll a complete cheese...On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane...the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones”可知,每隊的參賽者必須在自己的賽道上滾動一塊木制奶酪。故選C。
2.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show部分中的“You might like to try a chocolate-covered Habanero—one of the hottest peppers in the world”可知,可以吃到辣椒。故選B。
3.B　細節(jié)理解題。由La Tomatina—The World’s Biggest Food Fight部分中的“A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events.”可知,這個慶祝活動持續(xù)一周(七天)。故選B。
4.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show部分中的“You might like to try...one of the hottest peppers in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.”可知,上千種辣的食物在the National Fiery Foods & BBQ Show中展出。故選D。
【高頻詞匯】　1.a variety of 各種各樣的　2.chief adj.主要的　3.destination n.目的地,終點　4.highlight n.最好(或最精彩、最激動人心)的部分v.突出,強調(diào)
【熟詞生義】　1.course n.跑道　2.hot adj.辣的,辛辣的
3.water v.充滿眼淚　4.see v.為……發(fā)生的時間
【差距詞匯】　1.accompaniment n.佐餐物;伴隨物;(音樂)伴奏　2.addiction n.嗜好;癮
長難句
原句　The battle lasts a little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back.
分析　本句是主從復(fù)合句。The battle lasts a little more than half an hour是主句;in which time...or fights back是“介詞in+which+名詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞a little more than half an hour;that moves, runs, or fights back是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞anyone or anything。
譯文　這場戰(zhàn)斗持續(xù)半個多小時,在此期間,大約有五萬千克的西紅柿被扔向任何移動、逃跑或反擊的人或物。
B
◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。作者通過解釋中國人為什么喜歡嗑瓜子來說明飲食習(xí)慣與特定的文化有關(guān)。
5.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“My friend doesn’t like sunflower seeds, and, for him, it seems unnecessary to work so much just to get one small seed.”可知,作者的英國朋友認為瓜子仁太小,不值得花那么多工夫去吃,所以這位英國朋友無法理解中國人喜歡吃瓜子,故選C項。
6.D　推理判斷題。第四段提到作者小時候,每到除夕夜,客廳的桌子上會擺放很多東西,其中就有瓜子,孩子們可以在年夜飯前吃,作者就是在那時學(xué)會了嗑瓜子。由此可知,作者提到春節(jié)是為了證明嗑瓜子和春節(jié)有關(guān),故選D項。
7.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“I think it’s a wonderful tradition.”可知,作者認為丹麥人吃面包的方式是一項美妙的傳統(tǒng),由此可知作者認為其是可以理解的,故選C項。
8.A　主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容以及最后一段中的“it’s connected with their certain culture”可知,作者認為不應(yīng)該批評一個人的飲食習(xí)慣,這與他們的文化相關(guān),這是作者想在這篇文章中表達的觀點,故選A項。
【高頻詞匯】　1.check out察看,了解　2.lay v.放置,安放　3.be connected with與……有關(guān)
【差距詞匯】　ruin v.嚴重損害,毀壞,破壞
長難句
原句　I don’t think it’s right to criticize one’s choice in food or eating habits, no matter how strange they may seem.
分析　本句為主從復(fù)合句。think后為省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句;從句中it是形式主語,真正的主語是不定式短語to criticize one’s choice...;no matter how引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
譯文　我認為批評一個人在食物或飲食習(xí)慣方面的選擇是不對的,不管它們看起來多么奇怪。
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