資源簡介

(共74張PPT)
高頻詞匯 情景破
詞匯1 potential n.潛力;可能性 adj.潛在的,可能的
Realizing your potential發(fā)揮你的潛力 (教材P2)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Higher education has achieved its true potential.高等教育發(fā)揮出了它真正的潛力。 (2023北
京)
We want each student to realize their full potential.我們想讓每一位學(xué)生充分發(fā)揮他們的潛
力。
Everyone is unique and has the potential for succeeding in one field.每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)一無二的,都
有可能在一個(gè)領(lǐng)域成功。 (寫作·結(jié)尾)
用法歸納
①have/show potential有潛力/表現(xiàn)出潛力
②achieve/fulfil/　　 one s potential發(fā)揮某人的潛力
③potential 　　 (doing) sth.(做)某事的可能性
④potential problems/victims潛在的問題/受害者
詞匯拓展
potentially adv.可能地,潛在地
realize
for
Most importantly, your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.
最重要的是,你在高中的時(shí)間和努力將打開你的潛力之門。 (教材P2)
詞匯2 effort n.努力,費(fèi)力的事;試圖;盡力;艱難的嘗試
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
It takes great effort to master a foreign language.掌握一門外語需要付出極大的努力。
As a result,space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed
Earth s increasing population.因此,太空科學(xué)有助于農(nóng)業(yè)努力種植足夠的糧食,以養(yǎng)活地球上
不斷增長的人口。
The little boy had to make a great effort to pull Bill up, as he was much larger in size.小男孩不得
不很努力地把比爾拉上來,因?yàn)樗捏w型比小男孩大得多。 (讀后續(xù)寫·動作描寫)
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no
guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.雖然昆士蘭
鐵路公司盡一切努力確保火車按時(shí)運(yùn)行,但無法保證列車之間或列車服務(wù)和公共汽車服務(wù)之
間的連接。 (2020全國Ⅰ)
用法歸納
①make an/the/every effort 　　 sth.試圖/盡力/盡一切努力做某事
②spare no effort to do sth.不遺余力地做某事
③　　 an effort/one s effort(s) to do sth.試圖/盡力做某事
④put effort into (doing) sth.努力做某事
⑤It takes effort to do sth.做某事需要付出努力。
⑥a joint/group effort共同的/集體努力
to do
in
Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create, what medical advances you will make...
誰知道你們會創(chuàng)造出什么美麗的藝術(shù)作品,你們會取得什么醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步…… (教材P3)
詞匯3 advance n.進(jìn)步,進(jìn)展;前進(jìn),行進(jìn) v.發(fā)展,進(jìn)步;前進(jìn);促進(jìn)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance.必須至少提前兩周進(jìn)行登記。 (202
2新高考Ⅱ)
Reports from Chad suggest that rebel forces are advancing on the capital.來自乍得的報(bào)道表明
叛軍正在向首都推進(jìn)。
In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to
the increasing power of computers.此外,由于計(jì)算機(jī)的能力不斷提高,醫(yī)學(xué)與環(huán)境科學(xué)取得了
重要進(jìn)展。
Compared with the developments of AI, advances in ALife are harder to recognize.與人工智能
的發(fā)展相比,人工生命的進(jìn)步更難識別。(2023北京)
用法歸納
①make an advance/advances 　　 ...在……方面取得進(jìn)展
②　　 advance=ahead of time提前,預(yù)先
③in advance of...在……前;比……超前
④advance on/towards...朝著……前進(jìn)
⑤advance with the times與時(shí)俱進(jìn)
詞匯拓展
advanced adj.先進(jìn)的;高級的
advanced technology先進(jìn)技術(shù)
in
in
...what medical advances you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop!……你
會取得什么醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步,或者你會開發(fā)出什么驚人的技術(shù)! (教材P3)
詞匯4 amazing adj.令人大為驚奇的,令人驚喜的
詞匯拓展
①amazed adj.感到驚訝的
be amazed at/by...對……感到驚訝
be amazed to find/see/learn...很驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)/看見/得知……
I m sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiuzhai Valley.我確信游客們
會對九寨溝的美麗景色感到驚訝。 (寫作·景點(diǎn)介紹)
②amaze v.使驚奇,使驚愕
It amazes/amazed sb. that/wh-...讓某人驚奇的是……
It amazed her that he could be so calm at such a time.在這個(gè)時(shí)候他還能如此冷靜,這讓她感
到驚訝。
③amazement n.驚奇,驚詫
to sb. s amazement令某人驚奇的是
in amazement驚訝地
To my amazement,he remembered me.使我驚奇的是他記得我。
I stared at her in amazement.我驚訝地盯著她。
④amazingly adv.令人驚奇地
Amazingly,no one noticed.令人驚奇的是,沒有人注意到。
易混辨析
amazing 意為“令人大為驚奇的”,常用來修飾物
amazed 意為“感到驚訝的”,常修飾人
The possibilities are endless, and I have confidence in your ability to make a difference to your
family, to your community and to our country.可能性是無限的,我相信你有能力對你的家庭、
你的社區(qū)和我們的國家產(chǎn)生影響。 (教材P3)
詞匯5 make a difference起作用,有影響
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.他去不去對我沒有影響。
As long as we make full use of our potential, we are sure to make a difference in the future.只要
我們充分利用我們的潛力,我們一定會在未來產(chǎn)生影響。 (寫作·演講稿)
用法歸納
make a/　　 /some/a lot of difference (to/in sb./sth.)(對某人/某事物)有/沒有/有一些/有很大
影響
no
詞匯拓展
①difference n.差別;差;意見分歧
(the) difference between A and B　A和B之間的差別
(the) difference in sth.在某方面的差別
②differ v.不同,相異;意見相左
differ from...與……不同
differ with sb. about/on/over sth.與某人就某事意見相左
I have to differ with you on this problem.在這個(gè)問題上我不能同意你的看法。
③different adj.不同的,有差異的;分別的;各種的;與眾不同的
be different from...=differ from...與……不同
His interests were far different from mine.他的愛好與我的大不相同。 (2020浙江)
④differently adv.不同地,相異地
Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.人人都使用鍵盤,而每個(gè)人的打
字方式不同。 (2019全國Ⅰ)
equal adj.相等的;平等的;相當(dāng)?shù)?n.同等的人(物) linking v.與……相等 vt.比得上
Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.同樣重要的還有
良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣、實(shí)用的技能和積極的態(tài)度。 (教材P3)
詞匯6
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
We are equal in every way.我們在各方面都是平等的。
I hope he can be equal to the job as a manager.我希望他能勝任經(jīng)理的工作。
The fact that fun is not equal to happiness may be the opposite of what many people actually un-
derstand.樂趣不等于幸福,這一事實(shí)可能與許多人實(shí)際上理解的相反。
Our relationship is close and we re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between
us.我們的關(guān)系很親密,而且我們是平等的,所以我只需要幾句話就能消除我們之間的分歧。
用法歸納
①be equal　　 ...與……相等;能勝任……
②be equal　　 ...在……方面相等/平等
③be without equal/have no equal無與倫比
詞匯拓展
①equally adv.同樣地;相等地
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact and share with
one another.持久友誼的共同特點(diǎn)是雙方平等地互相聯(lián)系和分享。 (2022全國乙)
②equality n.平等;相等
to
in
balance v.同等重視;(使)保持平衡;權(quán)衡重要性 n.均衡,平衡;平衡能力
Carefully plan your study, set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities.仔細(xì)
規(guī)劃你的學(xué)習(xí),設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo),同等重視你的學(xué)校作業(yè)與其他活動。(教材P3)
詞匯7
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
How to balance environmental protection and/with economic growth has always been a main is-
sue.如何平衡環(huán)境保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長一直是一個(gè)主要問題。
I struggled to keep my balance on the ice but I still quickly lost my balance and fell to the ground.
我努力在冰上保持平衡,但我還是很快失去平衡摔倒在地上。 (讀后續(xù)寫·動作描寫)
The ocean not only offers us sufficient food, but also maintains the balance of nature.海洋不僅為
我們提供了充足的食物,而且還維持著大自然的平衡。 (寫作·保護(hù)海洋)
用法歸納
①balance...with/　　 ...同等重視……與……;兼顧……和……
②balance...against...權(quán)衡……與……
③　　 /lose one s balance保持/失去平衡
④strike/achieve/find a balance (between...and...)(在……和……之間)達(dá)到/獲得/找到平衡
⑤keep/maintain a balance (between...and...)(在……和……之間)保持平衡
詞匯拓展
①balanced adj.保持平衡的;公正的
He stuck to a balanced diet and regular exercise to build up his body.他堅(jiān)持均衡飲食和定期
鍛煉以增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)。
②imbalance n.不平衡,失衡
and
keep
independent adj.自主的,有主見的;自立的
In fact, I m looking forward to being more independent and responsible for my own learning.事
實(shí)上,我期待變得更加獨(dú)立,對我自己的學(xué)習(xí)更加負(fù)責(zé)。 (教材P5)
詞匯8
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
He is old enough to be independent of his parents.他年紀(jì)足夠大了,可以不依賴父母了。
I m writing to ask you for the tips for effective independent study.我寫信是想向您請教有效的
獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)的建議。 (寫作·求助信)
用法歸納
①be independent 　　 ...不依賴……
②independent thinking/study 獨(dú)立思考/學(xué)習(xí)
of
詞匯拓展
①independence n.\[U\]獨(dú)立;自立
economic independence經(jīng)濟(jì)的獨(dú)立
②independently adv.獨(dú)立地;自主地
It was the first time that she had lived independently.那是她第一次獨(dú)立生活。
③dependent adj.依賴的;依靠的;受……影響的
be dependent on/upon...依賴……;取決于……
④depend v.取決于;依賴,依靠;相信,指望
depend on/upon...信賴/依靠……;取決于……
that depends/it (all) depends那得看情況
Success depends fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.成功從
根本上取決于我們對自己和對生活中發(fā)生的事情的看法。(2020江蘇)
base vt.以……為基礎(chǔ)(依據(jù));以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)(或總部等) n.根據(jù);基礎(chǔ);基底;底部;總部,
大本營;基地
Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.相反,你應(yīng)該根據(jù)你的能力和技
能來設(shè)定目標(biāo)。 (教材P7)
詞匯9
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
They decided to base the new company in Beijing.他們決定將新公司的總部設(shè)在北京。
He based his conclusions on the evidence given by the captured prisoners.他根據(jù)被逮捕的囚犯
提供的證據(jù)得出了自己的結(jié)論。
They found the plane at the base of the mountain.他們在山腳下發(fā)現(xiàn)了那架飛機(jī)。
For European companies, as a huge market and production base China plays a vital role in their
fortunes.對歐洲企業(yè)來說,中國作為巨大的市場和生產(chǎn)基地對它們的命運(yùn)至關(guān)重要。
用法歸納
①base...　　 /upon...使……以……為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)
②base...in...使……以……為據(jù)點(diǎn);把……的總部等設(shè)在……
③　　 the base of在……的底部
④an economic base/a production base經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)/生產(chǎn)基地
on
at
詞匯拓展
①based adj.基地(或總部)在……的;(以某事)為基礎(chǔ)(或根據(jù))
be based on...以……為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present
mental register.重讀的美妙之處在于我們與作品的聯(lián)系基于我們當(dāng)前的心理狀態(tài)這一理念。
(2020全國Ⅰ)
②basis n.基礎(chǔ);準(zhǔn)則;基準(zhǔn);緣由
on the basis of...因?yàn)椤?在……的基礎(chǔ)上
on a regular basis定期地
She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.她因資歷(適合)而被選中做這項(xiàng)
工作。
③basic adj.基本的;初級的;基本需要的
④basically adv.大體上;基本上;總的來說
remind vt.提醒,使想起
This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused.這會提醒你你正在為了
什么而努力并且讓你精力集中。 (教材P7)
詞匯10
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Dad sounded a little worried as he reminded me to calm down.當(dāng)爸爸提醒我要冷靜下來時(shí),他
聽起來有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心。
His teachings remind us of the importance of integrity, compassion, and social responsibility.他
的教導(dǎo)提醒我們正直、同情和社會責(zé)任的重要性。 (寫作·人物介紹)
Here are some of our favourites, to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom
is rather different from the English in the outside world!這是我們最喜歡的幾篇,它們讓我們意
識到,有些在課堂上學(xué)到的英語和外面世界的英語相當(dāng)不同!
用法歸納
①remind sb. 　　 /about sth.提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事(物)
②remind sb. 　　 sth.提醒某人做某事
③remind sb. that...使某人想起……;提醒某人……
詞匯拓展
reminder n.提醒人的事物;通知單,提示信
He was just saying: “I m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!”它只是在表達(dá):
“我是這片森林的王,這是對你的提醒!” (讀后續(xù)寫·語言描寫)
of
to do
aim n.目的,目標(biāo) v.力爭做到;目的是;針對;瞄準(zhǔn)
The aims of the club俱樂部的目標(biāo) (教材P8)
詞匯11
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
She went to the big city with the aim of finding a job.她為了找工作去了大城市。
He aimed his gun at the bird but didn t shoot.他用槍瞄準(zhǔn)那只鳥,但沒有開槍。
Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home.三分之二的人力求改善在家
時(shí)的舒適度。 (2023全國甲)
World Oceans Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.6月8
日的世界海洋日旨在提高(人們)保護(hù)海洋的意識。
用法歸納
①the aim of...……的目標(biāo)/目的
②　　 the aim of doing sth.為了做某事
③take aim at...把目標(biāo)對準(zhǔn)……;把批評的矛頭指向……
④aim to do sth.力求做到某事
⑤be aimed 　　 doing sth.旨在做某事
⑥aim at doing sth.力爭做到某事
⑦aim...at...用……瞄準(zhǔn)/對準(zhǔn)……
詞匯拓展
①aimless adj.沒有目標(biāo)的;漫無目的的
②aimlessly adv.漫無目的地,無目標(biāo)地
with
at
情景助記

exchange n.& vt.交換;交流;兌換;更換
Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange student.去年,我
有機(jī)會作為一名交換生在英國的一所中學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。 (教材P11)
詞匯12
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The advantage is the increased chances of cultural exchanges.好處是有更多文化交流的機(jī)會。
The writer helped out in the bookstore in exchange for staying there for free.作家在書店幫忙以
換取免費(fèi)待在那里。
You can exchange your money for dollars in the bank.你可以在銀行把你的錢兌換成美元。
I ve never exchanged words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help.除了閑
聊,我從未和那些媽媽們交流過,但她們想幫忙。 (2019天津)
用法歸納
①in exchange　　 ...作為對……的交換
②an exchange of...……的交流/交換
③cultural exchanges文化交流
④exchange...　　 ...把……更換/兌換成……
⑤exchange sth. 　　 sb.與某人交流/交換某物
for
for
with
情景助記
exchange各詞義辨析

兌換
　
　　　　 交流　　　　　　　　　交換
詞匯 釋義 用法&拓展
challenge n.& vt.挑戰(zhàn);質(zhì)疑 rise to/meet a challenge迎接挑戰(zhàn)
accept/take up a challenge接受挑戰(zhàn)
take on challenges接受挑戰(zhàn)(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)
face a challenge面臨挑戰(zhàn)
challenging adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的
高頻詞匯積累
positive adj.積極樂觀的;良好的,正面
的 a positive influence/attitude/mood積極的影響/態(tài)度/情緒
positively adv.肯定地;樂觀地
negative adj.消極的;有害的;負(fù)面的
opportunity n.機(jī)會,時(shí)機(jī) the opportunity to do/for do-ing/of doing sth.做某事的機(jī)會
grab every opportunity抓住每個(gè)機(jī)會(2022北京)
miss/lose an opportunity錯(cuò)過/失去機(jī)會
chance n.機(jī)會
acquire vt.獲得,得到 acquire a good knowledge of...……學(xué)得好
acquire a reputation for...得到……的名聲
acquire skills/experience獲得技能/經(jīng)驗(yàn)
obtain/gain v.獲得,贏得
confidence n.信心,信任;把握 have confidence in...對……有信心
with confidence滿懷信心地;有把握地
build confidence 建立自信(2022新高考Ⅰ)
self-confidence n.自信
confident adj.自信的;確信的
confidently adv.自信地;確信地
-ence是名詞后綴,表示行為或狀況,如difference差異;
emergence出現(xiàn);existence存在;insistence堅(jiān)持
make the most of 充分利用,盡情享受 make good/full use of;make the best of;take full advantage of
attitude n.態(tài)度,看法 have a positive/negative atti-tude towards/to...對……持積極/消極的態(tài)度
goal n.目標(biāo),目的;進(jìn)球,進(jìn)球得分;球門 set goals制訂目標(biāo)(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)
realize/achieve/attain/reach a goal達(dá)到目標(biāo)
character n.品質(zhì),性格;特點(diǎn);人物,角色;
文字 a fictional character虛構(gòu)的人物(2020全國Ⅲ)
Chinese characters漢字
characteristic adj.典型的;特有的
characterize v.是……的特征
responsible adj.有責(zé)任的,負(fù)責(zé)的;可靠的 be responsible for...對……負(fù)責(zé)
responsibility n.責(zé)任,職責(zé);義務(wù)
irresponsible adj.不負(fù)責(zé)任的
focus n.焦點(diǎn),重點(diǎn) vt.& vi.集中 a focus for relations between the generations幾代人之間關(guān)
系的焦點(diǎn)(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)
focus on/upon...集中于……
focus one s eyes/attention/efforts/mind on...把某人的目光/注意力/努力/思想集中于……
detail n.細(xì)節(jié);具體情況 in detail 詳細(xì)地
go into detail(s)詳細(xì)敘述;逐一說明
detailed adj.詳盡的,詳細(xì)的
detailed information 詳細(xì)的信息
a detailed description 詳細(xì)的描述
proposal n.提議,建議,動議 a proposal for/to do...(做)……的建議
propose v.建議;打算,計(jì)劃;求婚
propose doing sth.建議做某事
suggestion/advice/offer n.建議
professional adj.職業(yè)的,專業(yè)的;有職業(yè)的;嫻熟的,精通業(yè)務(wù)的 n.專門人員,專業(yè)人士 professional knowledge/training專業(yè)知識/職業(yè)培訓(xùn)
profession n.職業(yè);行業(yè)
-al作形容詞后綴時(shí)表示“與……有關(guān)的”,如agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的ersonal個(gè)人的;regional地區(qū)的
alarm n.鬧鐘;恐慌;警報(bào);警報(bào)器vt.使驚恐,使害怕 raise the alarm發(fā)出警報(bào)(2022北京)
an alarm system警報(bào)系統(tǒng)
a fire alarm防火警報(bào)器
alarming adj.令人驚慌的;使人驚恐的
alarmed adj.恐慌的
contribution n.貢獻(xiàn);捐款;捐贈 make a contribution/contributions to...為……做貢獻(xiàn)
contribute v.捐獻(xiàn);是……的原因之一;撰稿
contribute to...為……做貢獻(xiàn);是……的原因之一;為……撰稿
contributor n.捐獻(xiàn)者;投稿人
fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地,幸虧 fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的
fortune n.命運(yùn);運(yùn)氣;巨款
unfortunately adv.不幸地,遺憾地
option n.可選擇的事物,選擇;選修課 optional adj.可選擇的,選修的
optional courses 選修課
attract vt.吸引,使喜愛;招引;引起(反應(yīng)) attract sb. to sth.吸引某人關(guān)注某物
attractive adj.吸引人的;有魅力的
attraction n.吸引;吸引力;向往的地方
tourist attractions旅游勝地(2022全國甲)
　表語置于句首的完全倒裝
Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.同樣重要的是良
好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣、實(shí)用的技能和積極的態(tài)度。 (教材P3)
經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu) 情境破
結(jié)構(gòu)1
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Gone are the days when we preferred foreign goods.我們偏愛洋貨的日子一去不復(fù)返了。
At the next table was a pretty girl waiting for someone.隔壁桌坐著一個(gè)等人的漂亮姑娘。
Very important in the farmers lives is the TV weather forecast.電視天氣預(yù)報(bào)在農(nóng)民的生活中
非常重要。
Particularly surprising was his diligence, which left a deep impression on me.尤其令人驚訝的是
他的勤奮,給我留下了深刻的印象。 (寫作·人物介紹)
用法歸納
有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或使句子平衡,會將表語置于句首,將主語置于連系動詞之后,構(gòu)成“表語+連
系動詞+主語”的完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。表語常由　　　 、　　　 等充當(dāng)。
形容詞
介詞短語
　“find+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)
In time you will find yourself growing into a well-rounded individual.最后,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己成長為
一個(gè)全面發(fā)展的人。 (教材P3)
結(jié)構(gòu)2
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
We all find him a very sensible man.我們都發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個(gè)很理智的人。
Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children
weeping from the cold.有些早晨,羅莎蒙德和多蘿西會來到校舍,卻發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們凍得在哭。
(2022全國乙)
If you find yourself in danger of a forest fire, first of all, stay calm.如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于森林火
災(zāi)的危險(xiǎn)中,首先要保持冷靜。 (寫作·災(zāi)害防范措施)
He found it hard to accept the disappointing result at that time.他當(dāng)時(shí)覺得很難接受這個(gè)令人失
望的結(jié)果。 (讀后續(xù)寫·心理描寫)
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo pen-
guins longing to say hello.當(dāng)Ginni Bazlinton到達(dá)南極洲時(shí),她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己受到了一群渴望打招呼
的小巴布亞企鵝的歡迎。 (2022全國甲)
用法歸納
①在“find+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語補(bǔ)足語除了用現(xiàn)在分詞(表示主動或進(jìn)行)以外,
還可以用過去分詞(表示被動或完成)、　　　 、　　　 、副詞、　　　 等。有類似
用法的動詞還有make、keep、leave等。
②如果賓語是不定式或從句,常會用it作形式賓語,構(gòu)成“find it+賓補(bǔ)+to do/that...”結(jié)構(gòu)。
名詞(短語)
形容詞
介詞短語
長難句 圖解
Sentence 1
譯文　當(dāng)你迎接挑戰(zhàn)時(shí),你將擁有獲得大量知識、享受個(gè)人成長的機(jī)會。
后置定語
譯文　簡單地說,潛能是你與生俱來的能力,當(dāng)你足夠努力時(shí),潛能就能得到開發(fā)。
Sentence 2
定語　
譯文　誰知道你會創(chuàng)造出什么美麗的藝術(shù)作品,你會取得什么醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步,或者你會開發(fā)出什
么驚人的技術(shù)!
Sentence 3
賓語　
賓語　
賓語　
譯文　為了充分發(fā)揮你的潛能,充分利用我們學(xué)校的資源對你來說很重要。
Sentence 4
目的
譯文　課堂討論在英國非常重要,但我無法做出很大貢獻(xiàn),因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)我無法用英語清楚地表
達(dá)自己。
Sentence 5
并列
句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)
必備語法 情境破
一、句子成分
(一)主語
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Who is speaking, please
Skating is good exercise.
The village is very beautiful.
What has happened proves that our policy is right.
用法歸納
主語一般位于①　　 ,說明謂語所表示的動作或狀態(tài)的執(zhí)行者。可作主語的有名詞(短
語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)和從句等。
(二)謂語
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
We are students.
He has caught a bad cold.
He practices running every morning.
You may keep the book for two weeks.
句首　
用法歸納
謂語常位于②　　 之后,通常說明主語所做的動作或所處的狀態(tài)。謂語和主語在③　　
　　 上需要保持一致。
(三)賓語
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I like it very much.
He likes to play basketball.
He told me that he was a teacher before.
I helped my mother with the housework.
Be careful with the cups.
主語
人稱和數(shù)　
用法歸納
賓語通常位于④　　 動詞或⑤　　 之后,表示動作的對象、承受者或后果,由名詞(短
語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)、從句等充當(dāng)。有的動詞后面可以接兩個(gè)
賓語:直接賓語表示動作的直接承受者,間接賓語表示動作是對誰或?yàn)檎l做的。
(四)補(bǔ)足語
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
They painted their boat white.
We saw her entering the room.
I had my bike repaired yesterday.
He was elected chairman of the club in the end.
We found everything in the lab in good order.
　及物
介詞
用法歸納
補(bǔ)足語分為主語補(bǔ)足語和賓語補(bǔ)足語,用來補(bǔ)充說明⑥　　 或⑦　　 的特征或情況。補(bǔ)
足語常由名詞(短語)、形容詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞等充當(dāng)。
(五)狀語
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Light travels fast.
I got home, tired and thirsty.
Once you begin to work on the project, you must continue.
He has lived in the city for ten years.
They came out of the classroom, talking and laughing.
主語　
賓語　
用法歸納
狀語用來修飾⑧　　 、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子,表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、原
因、方式、程度等,由副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞、形容詞、從句等充當(dāng)。
(六)表語
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The weather has turned cold.
His hobby is playing football.
The machine must be out of order.
Our English teacher is an American.
The truth is that he has never been abroad.
動詞
用法歸納
表語通常位于⑨　　 動詞之后,說明主語的身份、特征或狀態(tài)。由名詞、代詞、形容詞、
介詞短語、副詞、非謂語動詞、從句等充當(dāng)。
(七)定語
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Guilin is a beautiful city.
The boy who is smiling is my brother.
There is something wrong with the TV.
There are thirty teachers in our school.
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
連系　
用法歸納
定語用來修飾⑩　　 或代詞,說明名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)或特征,常由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、
名詞、名詞所有格、介詞短語、非謂語動詞、副詞、定語從句等充當(dāng)。
名詞
二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)
常見的句子結(jié)構(gòu)有八種:主謂(SV)、主系表(SVP)、主謂賓(SVO)、主謂賓賓(SVOO)、主謂
賓補(bǔ)(SVOC)、主謂狀(SVA)、主謂賓狀(SVOA)及存現(xiàn)句(there引導(dǎo)的句子)。
(一)主謂——主語+謂語(SV)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
He agreed.
Tom has arrived.
用法歸納
這種句型中的謂語動詞是不及物動詞,后面不能跟賓語,也無被動語態(tài),有類似用法的動詞有 　　 、lie、apologize、appear、disappear、come、go、arrive等。
agree
(二)主系表——主語+連系動詞+表語(SVP)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
These shoes are tight for me.
Tom became a doctor.
The matter remains a mystery.
用法歸納
連系動詞不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思,必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份、特征、類屬、狀態(tài)等的
　　 。除了表示狀態(tài)的系動詞be外,連系動詞還有:
1.表示感官的連系動詞:feel、look、smell、taste、sound等。
2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的連系動詞:remain、stay、keep等。
3.表示轉(zhuǎn)變、變化的連系動詞:become、get、turn、go、fall、grow等。
4.表示似乎的連系動詞:seem、appear等。
5.表示結(jié)果的連系動詞:prove、turn out等。
表語
用法歸納
這種句型中的謂語動詞是及物動詞,后面必須跟 　　 。
賓語
(三)主謂賓——主語+謂語+賓語(SVO)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
He teaches English.
She said that she would study hard.
用法歸納
能帶一個(gè)間接賓語和一個(gè)直接賓語的及物動詞被稱為雙賓語及物動詞。一般來說,指人的賓
語為間接賓語,指 　　 的賓語為直接賓語。如果直接賓語放在及物動詞之后、間接賓
語之前,那么兩個(gè)賓語之間一般有一個(gè)介詞(to、for等)。
物
(四)主謂賓賓——主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(SVOO)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
My father bought me a car.(me為間接賓語,a car為直接賓語)
The singer sang another song to us.(us為間接賓語,another song為直接賓語)
用法歸納
有些及物動詞能帶復(fù)合賓語( 　 　 +賓語補(bǔ)足語)。賓語補(bǔ)足語用來描述或說明賓語的動作、狀態(tài)或特征。當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語用來描述賓語的動作時(shí),賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語之間通常為邏輯上的主動或被動關(guān)系。
(五)主謂賓補(bǔ)——主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語(SVOC)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
His illness left him weak.
Tom made the baby laugh.
賓語
用法歸納
這種句型中的謂語動詞是 　 　 動詞。
不及物
(六)主謂狀——主語+謂語+狀語(SVA)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I hardly ever go out.
The meeting began at half past nine.
用法歸納
這種句型中的謂語動詞是 　　 動詞,后接賓語。
及物
(七)主謂賓狀——主語+謂語+賓語+狀語(SVOA)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I will do it tomorrow.
You should forget him quickly.
用法歸納
存現(xiàn)句主要用來表示某處存在某人或某物,存現(xiàn)句通常指的是there be句型。there be句型中
的there為引導(dǎo)詞,be為謂語動詞,根據(jù)情況可以有單復(fù)數(shù)的變化,也
可以有時(shí)態(tài)的變化。there be后面的名詞為 　　 　 。
句子的主語
(八)存現(xiàn)句——there引導(dǎo)的句子
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
There are four seasons in a year.
There is a garden at the back of the house.
即時(shí)鞏固
Ⅰ.寫出下列句中畫線部分所作的成分
1.(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs.
　　　　　
2.(2023全國乙)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern.
　　　　　
3.(2022新高考Ⅰ)You and your partner will probably have different skills.
　　　　　
4.(2022全國乙)Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.
　　　　　
賓語
定語
狀語
定語
5.(2021全國乙)So being interesting at a dinner party isn t that hard.
　　　　　
6.(2020全國Ⅲ)The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour
of their new home.
　　　　　 　　　　　
7.(2020江蘇)Humor can make one energetic in his work, study, and life.
　　　　　
8.(2019江蘇)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith fell in love with the people
and culture there.
　　　　　 　　　　　
9.This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students.
　 　　
主語
間接賓語 直接賓語
賓語補(bǔ)足語

賓語 定語
表語
10.The race started.
　　　　　
Ⅱ.判斷下列句子屬于哪種句子結(jié)構(gòu)
S:主語　V:謂語　O:賓語　 P:表語
A:狀語　C:補(bǔ)足語
a.SV　b.SVP　c.SVO　d.SVOO　e.SVOC
f.SVA　g.SVOA　h.存現(xiàn)句
1.(2023全國甲)Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S.
　　
2.(2022新高考Ⅰ)My daughter Melissa s birthday is coming.　　
3.(2022新高考Ⅱ)He pushed a chair onto the balcony.　　
謂語
h
a
g
4.China enjoys a long history and rich culture.
　　
5.There are plenty of other benefits, too.
　　
6.His mother brought him a dictionary. 　　
7.This exam makes me quite nervous.　　
8.Playing basketball is his favourite sport.　　
9.Our dream will come true one day.　　
c
h
d
e
b
f

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