資源簡介

(共63張PPT)
　　If so, you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural
and natural importance to mankind.如果是這樣,你們可能已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織
正在竭力保護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址了。 (教材P44)
情景導學
We should try our best to preserve endangered species from extinction as we move towards the
future.在走向未來的過程中,我們應該盡全力保護瀕危物種不致滅絕。
I think these interesting old customs should be well preserved, like sticking the Spring Festival
couplets.我認為這些有趣的古老習俗應該被很好地保留下來,如貼春聯。(寫作·節日習俗)
高頻詞匯精講
高頻詞匯 情景破
詞匯 1 preserve vt.維護,保護,保存;保留;維持;貯存 n.保護區;專門領域
用法歸納
①be 　　 /strictly preserved被很好/嚴格地保護/保存/保留
②preserve...　　 ...保護……免于……
③nature preserve自然保護區
詞匯拓展
preservation n.維護;保護;保存;保留
environmental/food preservation環境保護/食物保存
the preservation of...……的保存/維護/保留
As we all know, the police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.我們都知道,
警方負責維護治安。
well
from
易混辨析
preserve 用作動詞,表示“維護,保護,保存;維持”;用
作名詞,表示“保護區”
reserve 用作動詞,表示“預訂;預留;保留”;用作名
詞,表示“自然保護區”,如a wildlife reserve
野生動植物保護區
conserve 用作動詞,表示“節約;保護”
We will do everything to preserve peace.我們將竭盡全力維護和平。
I'll reserve a table for five.我要預訂一個5人的餐位。
The factories have closed for the weekend to conserve energy.這些工廠在那個周末關閉以節
省能源。
Unfortunately, they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.
不幸的是,它們面臨著各種危險,其中有很多都急需保護。(教材P44)
情景導學
Our country is in urgent need of talented people.我們的國家急需人才。
It is urgent that those tents (should) be sent to the disaster area.那些帳篷急需被送往災區。
詞匯 2 urgent adj.緊急的,緊迫的;催促的,急切的
用法歸納
①　　 is urgent that...……是緊急的。(that從句常用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語動詞用“should
+動詞原形”形式,should可以省略)
②　　 urgent need of...急需……
詞匯拓展
①urgently adv.迫切地;緊急地;急切地
②urge v.力勸,催促;驅趕;竭力主張 n.強烈的欲望;沖動
urge sb. to do sth.力勸/催促某人做某事
urge that...竭力主張/敦促……(從句使用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”
的形式,should可以省略)
It
in
I am anxious to urge the world to do everything possible to help those in need.我迫切希望敦
促世人盡一切可能幫助那些需要幫助的人。 (2022浙江)
Mr. Smith was overweight, so the doctor urged that he(should) take exercise.史密斯先生超重
了,因此醫生敦促他要進行鍛煉。
③urgency n.緊急;緊迫性
Everyone should be aware of the importance and urgency of protecting the environment.每個
人都應該意識到保護環境的重要性和緊迫性。(寫作·保護環境)
n.毀壞,毀滅;破產;殘垣斷壁
　　...in 2003, a terrible earthquake shook south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of
Bam, an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.……2003年,一場可怕的地震襲擊了伊朗東
南部,摧毀了巴姆古城的大部分地區;該古城是一處令人嘆為觀止的聯合國教科文組織文化遺產地。 (教材P44)
情景導學
We shouldn't be addicted to playing computer games, because it may ruin our life.我們不應該沉
迷于玩電腦游戲,因為它可能會毀了我們的生活。
After the big earthquake, many cities fell into ruin.那場大地震之后,很多城市被毀了。
Over 30 gardens inside the resort were left in ruins due to various historical reasons.由于各種歷
史原因,該旅游勝地內30多個花園成為廢墟。 (Global Times)
詞匯 3 ruin vt.破壞,毀壞;使破產,毀滅
用法歸納
①ruin one's 　　 /fame毀掉某人的生活/名譽
②ruin sth./sb.毀壞某物/毀掉某人
③fall 　　 ruin被毀壞
④　　 ruins嚴重受損;破敗不堪
⑤be reduced to ruins淪為廢墟
詞匯拓展
ruined adj.毀壞的;嚴重受損的
life
into
in
易混辨析
ruin 多指自然因素對建筑物、動植物、城鎮等帶來嚴重破壞,破壞的后果往往是使事物喪失價值;也可指假期、希望、夢想、前程等美好的事物被毀或被破壞
destroy 指徹底毀壞某事物,使事物喪失功能或不復存在;也可表示希望破滅、計劃落空
damage 多指帶來輕度損壞,所帶來的損壞一般是可修復的,作名詞表示“損害,傷害;損壞,破壞”時,為不可數名詞,常構成短語do/cause damage to sb./sth.
I have a very strong fear that the lie we're telling is doing spiritual damage to our children.我非
常害怕我們所說的謊言正在對我們的孩子造成精神上的傷害。(2020全國Ⅰ)
It is a progressive brain disorder which can destroy a person's memory.這是一種進行性的腦
部疾病,會破壞一個人的記憶。
　　In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed her-
itage sites on purpose.在一些經常爆發內戰的沖突地區,武裝分子甚至蓄意破壞遺產地。
(教材P45)
情景導學
He found himself in conflict with his parents over his future career.他發現自己在未來職業的問
題上與父母有沖突。
The government has done much to resolve the conflict over factory workers' pay.政府為解決工
廠工人工資問題引發的沖突做了很多工作。
I often wonder if it is mistrust that causes the misunderstanding and conflict between people.我常
常在想,是不是不信任導致了人與人之間的誤解和沖突。
The results conflict with earlier findings.這些結果與早期的發現相矛盾。
詞匯 4 conflict n.(軍事)沖突,戰斗;爭論;矛盾,不一致vi.沖突,抵觸
用法歸納
①(a/the) conflict 　　 ...關于……的矛盾/沖突
②(a/the) conflict 　　 ...……之間的沖突
③in conflict 　　 ...與……有矛盾/沖突
④(a) conflict of interest(s)/opinions利益沖突/意見分歧
⑤conflict 　　 ...與……相抵觸/沖突
詞匯拓展
conflicting adj.沖突的;矛盾的
over
between
with
with
　　For years, a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the
pagoda.多年來,一個專家小組討論和評估了各種佛塔修繕方法。 (教材P47)
情景導學
They assessed the value of the house at 150,000 yuan.他們估算這座房子值15萬元。
The boss saw his company assessed as unqualified, disappointed and upset.老板看到他的公司被
評定為不合格,既失望又難過。(讀后續寫·心理描寫)
詞匯 5 assess vt.評估,評定;估算,核定(數量、價值)
用法歸納
①assess sb./sth.　　 ...評估/評定……為……
②assess sth.　　 ...估算/核定某物為……
詞匯拓展
①assessment n.看法;評估;評定
(an) assessment of...對……的看法/評估
The workshop in the afternoon is about risk assessment.下午的研討會是關于風險評估的。
(2023浙江1月改編)
②assessor n.評估人
as
at
After close consultation with the specialists, the local government couldn't agree on how to make
the repairs safely.在與專家進行了密切的商討后,當地政府無法就如何使修繕安全進行達成
一致意見。(教材P47)
情景導學
The study plan was drawn up in consultation with the experienced teacher, which could help stu-
dents before the college entrance examination.這個學習計劃是與這位有經驗的教師商討后制
訂的,可以在高考前幫助學生。
詞匯 6 consultation n.咨詢,商討;就診;查找;查閱
用法歸納
　　 consultation with...與……商討/磋商
詞匯拓展
①consult v.咨詢,請教;商議,商量;查閱;查詢
consult sb. about sth.咨詢/請教某人某事
consult with sb. about/on sth.與某人商量某事
I consulted my family doctor about sleeplessness, and he recommended that I should do yoga.
我咨詢了我的家庭醫生關于失眠的問題,他建議我做瑜伽。
After consulting with her daughter about/on the part, she decided to take on it.同她的女兒商
量了那個角色之后,她決定接受它。
②consultant n.顧問;顧問醫生
in
情景助記
consult的不同意思

　　There are divisions among historians over when exactly the construction of the twin temples
started...歷史學家們就這兩座神廟具體始建于何時存在分歧…… (教材P48)
情景導學
Germany was reunited in 1990 after its division into two states since World War Ⅱ.德國在第二
次世界大戰結束后分裂為兩個國家,之后于1990年重新統一。
The divisions between north and south are not so marked as they used to be.南方和北方之間的
差異不像過去那樣明顯了。
詞匯 7 division n.分歧,不和,差異;分開,分隔;除(法)
用法歸納
①division(s) among/　　 ...……之間的分歧
②(a/the) division (of sth.)　　 ...(把某事物)分成……
詞匯拓展
divide v.(使)分開,分割;分配;分享;使產生分歧;除以
divide(...)into...(把……)分成……
divide A by B A除以B
divide sth. among/between...在……之間分配某物
Crowds were further divided into smaller groups.群體被進一步分成了人數更少的小組。(20
23新課標Ⅰ)
between
into
易混辨析
divide...into 常指把某個整體劃分為若干部分
separate... from 表示“將……與……分開”,指把原來連在
一起或靠近的部分分開
情景助記

　　For example, it votes to determine which sites are to be listed as UNESCO heritage sites and
monitors the state of conservation.例如,它投票決定哪些遺址將被列為聯合國教科文組織遺
產地,并監督保護狀況。 (教材P49)
情景導學
People voted against Henry who often tells lies.人們投票反對經常說謊的亨利。
The people of the states will vote to elect a new president.各州的人民將投票選舉新總統。
The conference is now debating the motion and will vote on it later.大會現在正在討論這項動
議,之后將對此進行表決。
His teacher, Thomas,was next to him, whispering support. “...Vote for...me,”he said bravely at
last.他的老師托馬斯在他旁邊小聲地鼓勵他。最后他勇敢地說:“……投票支持……我?！?br/>(讀后續寫·語言描寫)
Let's have a vote on it.讓我們對此事投票表決吧。
詞匯 8 vote vt.& vi.投票,表決 n.選票;投票
用法歸納
①vote 　　 sth.就某事物投票表決
②vote 　　 sth.投票做某事
③vote 　　　 /　　　 ...投票贊成/反對……;表決支持/不支持……
④take/have a vote 　　 sth.對某事物進行表決
⑤the vote投票/得票總數;投票權,選舉權
詞匯拓展
voter n.選舉人,投票人
A majority of voters were in favour of the motion.大多數選民贊成這一動議。
on
to do
for
against
on
　　As a national park and nature reserve, Jiuzhaigou Valley, just north of the Sichuan Basin...作
為國家級公園和自然保護區,九寨溝正好在四川盆地的北部…… (教材P50)
情景導學
When I was young, my mother always kept some money in reserve in case we were sick and
needed it.在我小的時候,我媽媽總是存一些錢備用,以防我們生病需要錢。
Please give me your early reply, and I can reserve one group learning room for us.請盡快給我回
復,我就可以為我們預訂一個小組學習室。(2022浙江)
詞匯 9 reserve n.自然保護區;儲備(量) vt.預訂;預留;保留
用法歸納
①(keep/hold...)　　 reserve(留……)備用
②reserve sth. 　　 sb./sth.為某人/某事物預訂/保留某物
③reserve a room/seat/ticket預訂房間/座位/票
④reserve one's judgement (on sth.)保留某人(對某事)的意見
詞匯拓展
①reservation n.預訂;保留意見
make a reservation預訂(房間、座位、票等);預約
without reservation毫無保留地
I'll call the coffee house and make a reservation.我會給咖啡館打電話預訂座位。
Please allow me to speak the truth without reservation.請允許我毫無保留地說出實情。
②reserved adj.內向的,矜持的,含蓄的;已被預訂的
in
for
They submitted the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.
它們遞交了提案,其中包括對廊道沿線33處遺址的詳細研究。(教材 P53)
情景導學
Park-goers need to submit a written summary of a meaningful interaction with nature in the park
to the research team.常去公園的人需要向研究小組提交一份關于在公園里與自然的有意義互
動的書面總結。 (2023新課標Ⅱ改編)
The hero held his head high, glared and didn't submit to the enemy.這位英雄高昂著頭,怒目而
視,不向敵軍屈服。(讀后續寫·動作描寫)
詞匯 10 submit v.提交,呈遞;屈服
用法歸納
①submit (oneself) 　　 sb./sth.向某人屈服/不得已接受某事
②submit sth. 　　 sb./sth.向某人/某物提交某物
詞匯拓展
submission n.提交;呈遞;屈服
They prepared a report for submission to the council.他們準備了一份報告要提交給理事會。
to
to
Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia,
seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.使節張騫奉皇命從
長安出使中亞,試圖在漢朝和西域之間建立橋梁。 (教材P53)
情景導學
I was assigned to serve the salad with the lady next to me.我被分派和我旁邊的女士一起提供沙
拉。 (2022浙江)
The teacher assigned a different task to each of the kids.老師給每個孩子布置了不同的任務。
詞匯 11 assign vt.指定,指派;分配;確定
用法歸納
①assign sb. 　　 sth.分派/指派某人做某事
②assign sth. 　　 sb.=assign sb. sth.把某物分配給某人;給某人布置任務(或工作等)
詞匯拓展
assignment n.任務,作業;分派,布置
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments during the course.學生將在課程期
間分組合作來完成四項作業。 (2022新高考Ⅰ)
to do
to
　　The introduction of non-native species is banned.禁止引進非本地物種。 (教材P55)
情景導學
They ban people from fishing in this river for a few months every year so that the number of fish
can grow again.他們每年有幾個月禁止人們在這條河里捕魚,這樣魚的數量就可以再次增
長。
Ortiz pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.奧爾蒂斯推動了該州2001
年針對司機使用手持設備的禁令。 (2022新高考Ⅱ改編)
詞匯 12 ban vt.明令禁止,取締;禁止做某事 n.禁令
用法歸納
①ban sb. from sth.禁止某人去某處/做某事
②ban sb. 　　 doing sth.禁止某人做某事
③a/the ban 　　 sth.針對……的禁令
from
on
詞匯 釋義 用法& 拓展
awe vt.使驚嘆,使敬畏 n.敬畏,驚嘆 be awed by...對……感到驚嘆be/stand in awe of...對……敬畏;對……望而生畏in awe敬畏地
awesome adj.令人敬畏的;驚人的
wear down (使)磨損,(使)逐漸磨平;使意
志薄弱 wear on慢慢地過去;(光陰)荏苒wear out穿破,磨損;用壞;耗盡wear away (因重復使用而)變薄,變光滑;磨薄;磨光wear off逐漸消失;消逝;逐漸停止
高頻詞匯積累
violence n.[U]暴力,暴行;狂熱,激情 crimes/acts of violence暴力犯罪/行為domestic/campus violence家庭/校園暴力violence against sb.對某人的暴力
do violence to...損害……;傷害……;對……起壞作用
violent adj.暴力的;猛烈的,劇烈的;感情強烈的,激情的
violently adv.猛烈地;激烈地;兇猛地
collapse vi.倒塌,坍塌;昏倒,倒下;癱坐;突然失敗;崩潰;降價,貶值(生
義)n.昏倒;倒塌 The collapse of the bridge in Wuxi on Oct.10 caused three
deaths and two injuries.10月10日,無錫的一座橋坍塌,造成
3人死亡,2人受傷。
suspend vt.暫停,中止;懸,掛;延緩;使暫時停職 suspend...from sth. (by/on sth.)(用某物)使……掛在某物上
suspend sb. from...使某人暫時停職
suspension n.暫停,中止;暫令停職suspensive adj.暫停的;產生懸念的 pause v.暫停;停頓　hang v.懸掛
operator n.操作人員,技工;接線員;經
營者 operate v.運轉,工作;動手術;操作,控制;經營operate on sb.給某人做手術operation n.手術;操作;運轉,運行;活動have an operation做手術
cooperation n.合作,協作;協助,配合 cooperation between...and...……和……之間的合作in cooperation with...與……合作full cooperation全力配合
cooperate v.合作,協作;協助,配合 cooperate with...和……合作cooperative adj.合作的;同心協力的;協助的cooperator n.合作者
co-表示“和……一起,共同,聯合”。如:coexist同時存在;co-worker同事;co-author合著者;copartner合伙人
forecast vt.(forecast,forecast;forecasted,forecasted)預測,預報 n.預測,預報 forecast that...預測……the weather forecast天氣預報
forecaster n.天氣預報員;預測者 predict v.預告,預報　prediction n.預測
fore-表示“先于;預先;在……的前部”。如:foresee預見,預知;foresight先見之明;foretell預言;forehead前額
interrupt vt.打擾,插嘴;使暫停,使中斷vi.打擾,插嘴 I‘m sorry to interrupt you, but I really have something important to inform you.很抱歉打斷你,但我確實有重要的事情要告訴你。
interruption n.打斷;中斷 break v.打斷;中斷　disturb v.打擾,妨礙
conservation n.保護;保持;保存;節約 water conservation 節約用水;水資源保護conservation groups保護組織(2023全國甲)
conserve v.保存,保護;節省conservative adj.保守的conservator n.保護者;管理員 protection n.保護　preservation n.保護,保存
pursue vt.追求,致力于,執行;追逐,追趕;繼續探討 pursue a goal/an aim追求目標
pursuit n.追求;尋找;追趕;事業;愛好pursuer n.追趕者;追擊者;追求者
emerge vi.出現;暴露;露頭 emerge from...從……出現;從……顯露出來emerge as...作為……露頭It emerges that...事已清楚……
emergent adj.新興的,興起的emergence n.出現,顯現;興起
take shape 成形,有了模樣 in the shape of...呈……形狀;以……的形式in shape處于良好狀態out of shape走樣,變形;身體不好get into shape強身健體
expansion n.擴展,擴大,膨脹 expand v.發展;擴大;(使)膨脹expansive adj.廣闊的;廣泛的;
擴張性的,刺激經濟擴展的expansively adv.豪爽地
entry n.進入;參與,加入;參賽;參賽作品 make one’s entry to...=gain entry to...進入……
enter v.進來,進入;開始參加;成為……的一員entrance n.大門(口);入口(處);通道;進入;出場;進入權the entrance to/of...……的入口
　
If so, you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and
natural importance to mankind.如果是這樣,你們可能已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在
竭力保護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址了。 (教材P44)
情景導學
Are you pressed for time If not, I suggest we have dinner together.你時間緊嗎 如果不緊的話,
我建議我們一起吃晚飯。
If possible, I wish to go to visit some old people's homes in the city this weekend.如果可能的話,
這個周末我想去拜訪這座城市里的一些敬老院。
Go slowly when driving past animals. Give them plenty of room and be ready to stop if neces-
sary.開車經過動物時,應緩慢行車,給它們讓出充足的空間,如果有必要的話準備好停車。
結構 1 if的省略結構
經典結構 情景破
用法歸納
①if 　　 如果可能的話
②if ever如果有過的話
③if 　　 如果有必要的話
④if so如果是這樣的話
⑤if 　　 如果不是這樣的話
possible
necessary
not
Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people.
這樣的危險因素不僅會對遺址本身也會對人類造成災難性的后果。 (教材P45)
情景導學
Not only he but also you are wrong.不但他錯了,你也錯了。
Not only will we display our club's works, but we will also display a valuable set of paper-cutting
created by a famous artist of this field.我們不僅展出我們俱樂部的作品,還會展出一套由該領
域著名藝術家創作的珍貴剪紙。(寫作·介紹活動)
His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a
difference in the world.他的演講不僅讓我驚嘆和振奮,還促使我產生改變世界的內在愿望。
(2022北京)
結構 2 not only...but (also)...不但……而且……
用法歸納
①not only...but also...可以連接兩個并列的主語、　　 、賓語、表語、狀語等。
②not only只能連用,而but also既可連用,也可分開用,且also可以省略。
③not only...but also...連接并列主語時,謂語動詞要遵循“　　 原則”,即謂語動詞的人稱
和數要和but also后的主語保持一致。
④not only...but also...還可以連接兩個并列的分句。當其連接兩個并列的分句時,若not only
位于句首,則not only所在的分句要用　　 語序,而but also所在的分句不用。
謂語
就近
倒裝
　
The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely
we are to treat them with respect.我們越是承認我們的遺產地具有突出的普遍價值,我們就越
有可能尊重它們。 (教材P45)
情景導學
The sooner, the better.越快越好。
Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were.有趣的是,音樂越
歡快,他們的心率就越快。(2021北京)
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你越用功,你取得的進步就越大。
結構 3 the+比較級...,the+比較級...越……, (就)越……
用法歸納
①“the+比較級..., the+比較級...”表示一方隨另一方的變化而變化,the用在形容詞或副
詞的比較級前。有時前一個“the+比較級”相當于　　 狀語從句,后一個“the+比較級”
為主句。
②主從句的時態常用一般現在時或一般過去時。如果主句的謂語動詞用一般將來時,從句的
謂語動詞要用　　　　　 表示將來。
③在用此結構時,有時根據具體語境可以省略一些成分,主要是be動詞的省略和主語為it時主
謂結構的省略。特別是諺語、俗語中,只要意義明確,越簡單越好。
條件
一般現在時
結構拓展
“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”,多音節的形容詞或副詞則用“more and
more+多音節形容詞或副詞原級”。
Our city is becoming cleaner and cleaner.我們的城市正變得越來越干凈。
The flowers are more and more beautiful.這些花越來越漂亮。
　　Every country can be proud of its cultural or natural heritage sites, which must be protected,
so that we can enjoy them today and allow future generations to know where they come from.每
個國家都會為其文化或自然遺產地感到驕傲,這些遺產地必須被保護起來,以便我們今天能
夠欣賞它們,并讓子孫后代知道它們來自哪里。 (教材P50)
情景導學
He worked hard at his lessons, so that he got high scores in the exams.他努力學習功課,所以他
在考試中獲得了高分。
However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associ-
ated with danger.然而,(給它)添加一種濃烈的氣味,這樣當我們發現與危險有關的氣味時,就
會引起警覺。(2022北京)
結構 4 so that引導的狀語從句
用法歸納
①so that引導　　 狀語從句時,意為“以便;為了”,常與can/could/may/might等情態動
詞連用。
②so that引導　　 狀語從句時,意為“因此;所以”,其前常用逗號與主句隔開。
結構拓展
so/such...that...意為“如此……以至于……”,引導結果狀語從句,so后接形容詞或副詞,
such后接名詞短語。
①so...that...引導結果狀語從句:
so+ +that從句
目的
結果
②such...that...引導結果狀語從句:
such+ +that從句
Tom is so kind a boy/such a kind boy that they all like to make friends with him.湯姆是如
此善良的一個男孩,以至于他們都喜歡和他交朋友。
特別提醒
①當“so/such...”位于句首時,主句用倒裝結構。
So fast did he walk that we couldn't keep up with him.他走得非?？?我們跟不上他。
②當名詞前有little時,若little意為“少”,表數量,則其前用so修飾;若little意為“小”,則用
such修飾。
They are such little children that they can't understand what you say sometimes.這些孩子很小,
有時候他們不理解你說的是什么。
Sentence 1
譯文　每年有大量游客前往聯合國教科文組織世界遺產地旅游,因此這些遺產地遭受一些損
壞是很自然的。
長難句 圖解
主語
Sentence 2
譯文　由于全球變暖導致海水溫度很高,大量珊瑚被毀,部分珊瑚礁受到嚴重影響,破壞了其
脆弱的自然生態。
非限制性定語
Sentence 3
譯文　歷史學家們就這兩座神廟具體始建于何時存在分歧,但沒有人能否認這一事實,它們
建于公元前13世紀。
賓語
Sentence 4
譯文　長安—天山廊道是絲綢之路龐大路網的重要部分,穿過中國、哈薩克斯坦和吉爾吉斯
斯坦三國,延伸約5,000千米長,覆蓋總長8,700千米的貿易路線。
狀語
同位語從句
同位語從句指的是在主從復合句中充當同位語的從句,是名詞性從句的一種。同位語從句通
常跟在名詞后面,解釋說明名詞的內容。
一、常接同位語從句的名詞
情景導學
He made a decision that he would work hard to go to college.他決定他要努力學習去上大學。
They were faced with the demand that this tax (should) be abolished.他們面臨著廢除這種稅的
要求。
必備語法 情景破
A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some food for
someone in need.我突然有一個溫馨的想法:我或許可以用我的零花錢來為一位有需要的人買
些食物。
The news that our women's volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.
我們的女子排球隊贏得冠軍的消息大大地鼓舞了我們所有人。
用法歸納
(1)同位語從句常放在名詞①　　 、idea、fact、hope、view、wish、truth、answer、be-
lief、report、problem、question、promise、thought、evidence、decision、conclusion、ex-
planation、information等后面,解釋說明這些名詞的具體內容。
(2)當同位語從句放在order、advice、②　　 、request、proposal、suggestion、instruc-
tion、requirement、recommendation等表示“請求,命令,建議,要求”的名詞后面時,從句要用
虛擬語氣,即從句的謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”的形式,should可以省略。
news
demand
二、同位語從句的引導詞
情景導學
I have no idea what he is doing now.我不知道他現在在做什么。
I've come to the conclusion that it is unwise to do that.我得出結論,做那種事是不明智的。
I have no idea how he went home, perhaps by bike.我不知道他是如何回家的,或許是騎自行車。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.誰應該做這項工作的問題需要考慮。
David has solved the problem why the TV was out of order.戴維解決了為什么電視出故障的問題。
We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我們將討論運動會是
否會按時舉辦的問題。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.我們還沒
有解決要去什么地方度過暑假的問題。
用法歸納
(1)從屬連詞that無意義,③　　 (作/不作)成分,但不能省略。
(2)從屬連詞whether意為“④　　 ”,不作成分,不能省略。
(3)連接代詞who/what/which/whose在從句中作⑤　　 、賓語、表語或定語。
(4)連接副詞how/when/why/where在從句中作⑥　　 。
特別提醒
whether可引導同位語從句,但if不能引導同位語從句。
We have doubt if they can complete the task on time.(×)
不作
是否
主語
狀語
三、that引導的同位語從句和定語從句的區別
情景導學
The suggestion (that) he made at the meeting is good.(定語從句,that在從句中作賓語)
The suggestion that he should be sent to hospital at once is right.(同位語從句,解釋說明sugges-
tion的具體內容)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.(定語從句,that在從句中作主語)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. (同位語從句,解釋說明
promise的具體內容)
用法歸納
(1)定語從句中的that雖無意義,但可以在從句中作主語、賓語、表語,作賓語時可以⑦　
;而同位語從句中的that無意義、不作成分且不能省略。
(2)定語從句說明先行詞的性質與特征,與先行詞之間是修飾與被修飾的關系;而同位語從句
則是對名詞進行解釋說明,是名詞具體內容的體現。
省略
即時鞏固
單句語法填空
1.(2022全國乙)Their responses to the questions reflected their true belief 　　　　 “I can see
you only if you can see me, too.”
2.(2022全國甲改編)I had no idea 　　　　 I'd find there and I just wanted to do it.
3.The problem 　　　　 should go abroad requires consideration.
4.I have no idea 　　　　 wine is the best—it's a matter of personal taste.
5.The question 　　　　 you can keep yourselves in good shape or not depends on your habits
and diets.
that
what
who
which
whether
6.We accept the suggestion that the whole class 　　　　 (divide) into three groups.
7.I have no idea 　　　　 Mike refused the offer from Yale University; that's one of his fa-
vorite universities.
8.I have no idea 　　　　 I can get to the railway station. I get stuck in traffic.
9.Suddenly the thought came to him 　　　　 he would go blind.
be divided
why
when
that

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