資源簡介

(共58張PPT)
UNIT 3　 CELEBRATIONS
高頻詞匯精講
高頻詞匯 情景破
詞匯 1 occasion n.重要的社交活動;時刻,時候;機會
　　Choose a festival or a special occasion that you like. Tell your partner when and how it is
celebrated.選擇一個你喜歡的節日或特別的活動。告訴你的同伴慶祝它的時間和方式。
(教材P50)
情景導學
Everyone loses his/her temper on occasion(s), so don’t blame yourself too hard.每個人都會偶爾
發脾氣,所以不要過分自責。
Spring Festival is an occasion when all the family can reunite.春節是個全家人可以團聚的機會。 (寫作·節假日活動)
This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions would they take it out and
let us hold it in our hands.這個獎牌對我父母來說很珍貴。只有在特殊場合他們才會把它拿
出來讓我們拿在手中。
用法歸納
①　　 ...occasions 在……場合/時候
②　　　　　 有時,偶爾
③on this/that occasion這次/那次
④on one occasion有一次
⑤occasion作先行詞且關系詞在定語從句中充當時間狀語時,關系詞常用　　 。
on
on occasion(s)
when
詞匯拓展
①occasional adj.偶爾的
He spent five years in Paris, with occasional visits to Italy.他在巴黎度過了五年,偶爾去意大
利看看。
②occasionally adv.偶爾
Use a few words to summarise the meaning of Spring Festival for each account.用幾句話概括一
下春節對每個描述的意義。 (教材P52)
情景導學
When choosing our majors, we need to take account of our interest and career plans.=When
choosing our majors, we need to take our interest and career plans into account/consideration.選
專業課時,我們需要考慮我們的興趣和職業規劃。 (寫作·學校生活)
His father didn’t agree at first, but later he agreed on account of his insistence.他的父親一開始
并不同意,但后來由于他的堅持,他同意了。
詞匯 2 account n.描述;報道;賬戶 vt.認為是;視為
Knowing that you’re interested in traditional Chinese festivals, I’m writing to give you a brief
account of Spring Festival.知道你對中國的傳統節日感興趣,我寫信給你簡要介紹一下春節。
(寫作·節日介紹)
On no account should the house be left unlocked.離開住宅時千萬要鎖門。
However, those who choose to read English books and visit English learning websites account for
only 18% and 12%.然而,那些選擇閱讀英語書籍和訪問英語學習網站的人只占18%和12%。
(寫作·圖表作文)
用法歸納
①　　 an account of描述/敘述……
②　　　　　　　　 =because of 由于,因為
③take account 　　 sth.=take sth. 　　 account/consideration考慮到某事物
give
on account of
of
into
④on no account　　　　 　　 (置于句首時,句子要部分倒裝)
⑤　　　　　 是……的原因;解釋,說明;(數量上、比例上)占
詞匯拓展
accountant n.會計,會計師
決不；絕對不
account for
Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.接下來,漢字“福”
被倒著貼在我們的前門上。 (教材P52)
情景導學
Please attach an invitation to the email.請隨郵件附上邀請函。
Since the school attaches great importance/significance to this match, I hope we can devote ourselves to becoming a stronger team.由于學校對本次比賽非常重視,我希望我們能致力于成為一支更強的隊伍?！　? (寫作·邀請信)
用法歸納
①attach A 　　 B 把A固定/附在B上
②attach importance/significance to...　　　　　　　　　
詞匯 3 attach vt.貼;固定;附上;重視
to
認為……有重要性;重視……
詞匯拓展
①attached adj.依戀的;所附的;附屬于;為……工作
be attached to喜歡/依戀……;附屬于……
As a person who is very attached to family, I always feel very homesick when I’m away from
home.作為一個非常依戀家庭的人,當我離開家的時候,我總是非常想家。
The research institute is attached to the university.這個研究所附屬于這所大學。
②attachment n.依戀;愛慕;附屬物;附件
Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents...每年一上火車,我就會被山西口音包圍…… (教材P53)
情景導學
We are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.我們周圍是一個天然的游樂場,非常適合散步、洞穴探察、爬山和騎行。
I like to surround myself with genuine people.我喜歡結交真誠的人。
用法歸納
①be surrounded 　　 /with...被……包圍/環繞(常省去be,在句中作狀語或后置定語)
②surround oneself 　　 sb./sth.喜歡結交(某類人);喜歡身邊總有(某類東西)
詞匯 4 surround vt.環繞,圍繞;包圍,圍住
by
with
詞匯拓展
①surrounding adj.附近的,周圍的
We decided to explore the surrounding countryside.我們決定探索周圍的鄉村。
②surroundings n.環境
They enjoyed a peaceful holiday in beautiful surroundings.他們在美麗的環境中度過了一個
寧靜的假期。
And if it’s a graduation party or a wedding, don’t forget to offer your congratulations and good
wishes.如果是畢業派對或是婚禮,別忘了送出你的祝賀和美好祝愿。 (教材P106)
情景導學
Congratulations on your exam results!祝賀你考出了好成績!
I am writing this e-mail to offer/send my congratulations to you on your victory.我寫這封郵件是
為了向你致以祝賀,祝賀你取得了勝利。 (寫作·表達祝賀)
用法歸納
①congratulation常用復數形式congratulations,表示“祝賀;賀詞”
②congratulations 　　 sth.對某事表示祝賀
③offer/send one’s congratulations 　　 sb.向某人致以祝賀
④a letter of congratulation祝賀信
詞匯 5 congratulation n.恭喜,祝賀
on
to
詞匯拓展
congratulate vt.祝賀
congratulate sb. on (doing) sth.因(做)某事祝賀某人
The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.這場
聚會是朋友和家人祝賀這個人搬入新家的機會。 (2020全國Ⅲ)
易混辨析
congratulate 表示“祝賀”,賓語為人,指對人進行祝賀
celebrate 表示“慶?！?賓語為物,指通過舉行儀式、典禮等來慶祝有意義的事情或日子
To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.為了慶祝這個節日,周四在北京的晉商博物館舉行了許多活動。(2022全國乙)
It’s also important to make an effort to talk to other people.努力與他人交談也很重要。
(教材P106)
情景導學
Frank put a lot of effort into the party.弗蘭克為這次聚會費了很大的勁。
The police spared no effort to secure the area.警方不遺余力地保護該地區。
You should focus your attention on classes, and make an effort to practise your spoken English.
你應該把注意力集中在課堂上,并努力練習你的英語口語。 (寫作·建議信)
Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled.昆士蘭鐵路盡一切努力確
保列車如期運行。
With effort, the young runner pulled himself up and with unsteady steps, moved towards the finish line.這位年輕的跑步者費力地站了起來,步伐不穩地向終點線移動。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
詞匯 6 effort n.努力;力氣;盡力
用法歸納
①make an effort/every effort 　　 sth.努力/盡一切努力做某事
②put effort 　　 ...努力
③spare no 　　 (to do sth.) 不遺余力(做某事)
④in an effort to do sth.為了做某事
⑤　　 /without effort費力地/毫不費力地
to do
into
effort
with
I would like to extend my thanks to all our teachers, parents and families, who have done so much
for us over the years.我要向我們所有的老師、父母和家人表示感謝,他們多年來為我們做了
這么多。 (教材P106)
情景導學
The chairperson extended a warm welcome to the guest speaker.主席對特邀發言人表示熱烈歡迎。
A true friend will always extend a helping hand to you when you re in the depths of despair.當你
處于絕望的深淵時,真正的朋友總會向你伸出援助之手。 (寫作·友誼)
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected.
該計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區。 (2022新高考Ⅰ)
詞匯 7 extend vt.提供,給予,表示;擴大……的影響;擴展,擴大;延長;伸展vi.延續(時間),延伸(距離)
用法歸納
①extend thanks/a welcome 　　 sb.向某人表示感謝/歡迎
②extend sth. 　　 sb.向某人提供某物
③extend...　　 ... 將……擴展到……
詞匯拓展
①extended adj.延長了的;擴展了的(只用于名詞前)
He greeted every passer-by, with a smile and an extended palm.他伸出手掌微笑著向每一個
過路的人打招呼。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
②extension n.延期;延伸
to
to
to
We are so fortunate to have your love and support.我們很幸運能擁有你們的愛和支持。 (教
材P106)
情景導學
He was fortunate in having a good teacher.他很幸運有位好老師。
I was pretty fortunate to get a position in a company.我很幸運在一家公司里得到一個職位。
He was fortunate that he did not get injured in the car accident.他很幸運,沒有在車禍中受傷。
用法歸納
①be fortunate 　　 sth.很幸運做某事
②be fortunate 　　 having sth.很幸運有……
③be fortunate that...很幸運……
詞匯 8 fortunate adj.幸運的
to do
in
詞匯拓展
①fortunately adv.幸運地
②unfortunate adj.不幸的
③unfortunately adv.不幸地
Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer.不幸的是,我無法提供神奇的清單。
(2023新課標Ⅱ)
④fortune n.時運;命運,運氣;大筆的錢
try one’s fortune碰運氣
make a fortune 發財;賺大錢
⑤misfortune n.不幸
The following is a memory of a woman about Christmas.下面是一位女士關于圣誕節的回憶。 (教材P58)
情景導學
Those old songs bring back memories.那些老歌喚起了回憶。
I have a good/poor memory for names.我擅長/不擅長記名字。
People celebrate this festival in memory of Qu Yuan, who was a Chinese poet.人們慶祝這個節
日是為了紀念中國詩人屈原。 (寫作·介紹端午節)
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in
the visitor s memory.正如歌中所唱,這條漫長而曲折的路“永遠不會消失”,它將永遠留在
游客的記憶中。(2021新高考Ⅰ)
用法歸納
①　　　　　 memories喚起回憶
詞匯 9 memory n.記憶,回憶;記憶力
bring back
②remain/stay/　　 in one’s memory留在某人的記憶里
③have a good/poor memory 　　 ...擅長/不擅長記……
④　　　　　 sb.=to the memory of sb.為了紀念某人,作為對某人的紀念
詞匯拓展
①memorable adj.值得紀念的;難忘的
②memorize vt.記住;記憶
stick
for
in memory of
Granny had the patience to sing it over and over again.奶奶有耐心把它唱了一遍又一遍。 (教
材P58)
情景導學
Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patience.每當我犯錯誤時,老師都
耐心地把它們指出來。
His father lost/ran out of patience with him and scolded him,“If you don t study, what do you
want to do ”他的父親對他失去了耐心,訓斥他說:“如果你不學習,你想做什么 ”
I have no patience with people who smoke in restaurants.我不能容忍在飯館吸煙的人。
People now rarely have the patience to read.人們現在很少有耐心閱讀了。 (2023新課標Ⅱ)
用法歸納
①have the patience to do sth.有耐心做某事
②　　 patience 耐心地
詞匯 10 patience n.耐心;耐力
with
③　　　　　　　 patience (with sb.) (對某人)失去耐心
④have no patience　　 sb.不能容忍某人,對某人沒有耐心
詞匯拓展
①impatience n.不耐煩
②patient adj.有耐心的 n.病人
be patient with對……有耐心
She is so patient with each student that we all like her.她對每個學生都很有耐心,我們都喜歡
她。
③patiently adv.耐心地
lose/run out of
with
On Christmas Eve, Granny took a seat by the fire as we put up the Christmas tree.在平安夜,當我
們把圣誕樹立起來的時候,奶奶坐在爐火邊。 (教材P58)
情景導學
I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.我搬
過很多次家,我總是喜歡使我的房間個性化并張貼照片。 (2023全國甲)
I wanted to know if she could put me up for a few days.我想知道她能否讓我留宿幾天。
Their friends suggested they should put up their prices.他們的朋友們建議他們提高價格。
A new sports hall was put up in our school last year, where colorful activities are often held.去年
我們學校建了一個新的體育館,那里經常舉行豐富多彩的活動。 (寫作·學校生活)
用法歸納
put up還可表示“　　　 ;　　　 ;搭建;　　　 ;投宿,(在……)過夜;　　　　　　　 ;
舉起,使升高;提出(建議等)”等。
詞匯 11 put up豎立
張貼
建造
提高
讓……留宿
詞匯拓展
put up with容忍,忍受
put off 推遲,延遲
put forward 提出,建議;將……提前
put on穿上,戴上;播放(激光唱片、磁帶等);增加體重;上演,展出
put aside忽視;保留
I can put up with the room being untidy, but I hate it when it’s not clean.我可以忍受屋子不整
齊,但是我討厭屋子不干凈。
Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going
for that cake.推遲到周末看你最喜歡的節目,或者多等十分鐘再去吃那塊蛋糕。 (2023全國甲)
The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.經理建議我們找個助手。
情景助記
put up的不同意思

I was on my best behaviour as we opened the presents.當我們拆禮物的時候,我盡量表現得體。
(教材P59)
詞匯拓展
behave v.表現;作出反應;表現得體
behave in a/an...way以……方式表現
behave like...舉止像……
behave as if/as though...表現得好像……
behave oneself表現得體;有禮貌
She is a little girl, but she behaves as if she were an adult.她是個小女孩,可表現得好像一個大人。
I hope Nicholas will behave himself at the party.我希望尼古拉斯在聚會上表現得體。
詞匯 12 behaviour (behavior) n.行為,舉止
For weeks I had been working on this, listening to Grandpa’s stories,selecting his favourite music
and collecting photos from the family album.幾個星期以來,我一直在做這件事,聽爺爺的故事,
挑選他最喜歡的音樂,從家庭相冊里收集照片。 (教材P62)
情景導學
Six students have been selected to take part in this year’s basketball match.已選定六個學生參加今年的籃球比賽。 (寫作·比賽介紹)
We have to select the most suitable one from more than 30 beautiful designs.我們必須從三十多種美麗的圖案中選出最適合的一種。
The university was selected as the site for the research centre.這所大學被選定為研究中心所在地。
Judging from his league performance, he had hopes of being selected for the national team.從聯
賽表現來看,他有望入選國家隊。
詞匯 13 select vt.挑選,選拔
用法歸納
①select...　　 ... 從……中挑選……
②select...　　 ... 挑選……作為……
③select...　　 ... 挑選……進入……,為……挑選……
④select sb. 　　 sth.挑選某人做某事
詞匯拓展
①selection n.挑選,選拔
②selective adj.選擇性的
from
as
for
to do
Grandpa couldn’t believe his eyes and it took quite a long time for them to calm down.爺爺不敢相信自己的眼睛,過了好長時間他們才平靜下來。 (教材P62)
情景導學
I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.我把小雞放進巢里,它很快就平靜下來了。
Upon hearing the knock, the young lady wiped tears and tried to calm herself down.一聽到敲門聲,那位年輕的女士就擦了擦眼淚,試圖使自己平靜下來。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
Thankfully, Jeff kept/stayed/remained calm and turned off the gas quickly.幸好,杰夫保持冷靜,迅速關掉了煤氣。
用法歸納
①calm (sb./sth.) 　　 (使某人/某物)平靜下來;(使某人/某物)鎮靜
②　　　　　　　　 calm 保持冷靜
詞匯 14 calm vi.& vt.(使)平靜,(使)鎮定 adj.鎮靜的,冷靜的,平靜的
down
keep/stay/remain
詞匯拓展
①calmly adv.冷靜地,平靜地
Only when we react to emergencies calmly can we solve problems in a better way.只有當我們
冷靜應對緊急情況時,我們才能以更好的方式解決問題。
②calmness n.平靜;鎮定
高頻詞匯積累
詞匯 釋義 用法&拓展
decorate vi.& vt.裝飾,布置,美化 decorate A with B用B來裝飾A
be decorated with...用……裝飾
decoration n.裝飾;裝飾品
tradition n.傳統 It’s a tradition that...……是一個傳統。
It’s a tradition for sb. to do sth.某人做某事是一種傳統。
traditional adj.傳統的
traditionally adv.傳統上
immediately adv.即刻,馬上 immediately還可作連詞,意為“一……就……”,引導時間狀語從句。有類似用法的詞(組)還有
directly、the instant、the moment、the minute等。
let off 使某物爆炸 含有let的其他常用短語:
let out發出(叫聲等);放長,加寬(衣服等)
let alone 更不用說
let down 使失望
scare vt.嚇唬;使(某人)驚恐 vi.受驚嚇 n.驚恐;驚嚇 scare sb./sth. away/off把某人/某物嚇跑
scare sb. into doing sth.威脅/恐嚇某人做某事
scared adj.害怕的;恐懼的;擔心的
be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物
be scared to do sth.害怕/不敢做某事
be scared to death嚇得要死
scary adj.恐怖的;嚇人的
greet vt.問候,歡迎;打招呼 greet sb. with...以……向某人問候
greeting n.問候;迎接;致意
greetings n.問候的話;祝詞
represent vt.代表;象征;描述;正式提出 represent...as...將……描述為……
represent sth. to sb.向某人正式提出某事
representative n.代表;代理人 adj.有代表性的
representation n.代表;描繪
whisper v.低聲說,低語;私下說 n.耳語(聲);低語(聲) whisper sth. to sb.對某人耳語某事
It is whispered that...有人私下說……
in a whisper/whispers低聲地
catch sb.’s eye 吸引某人的目光;吸引某人的注意 含有eye的其他常用短語:
keep an eye on照看;留神,留意
have an eye for對……有鑒賞力
fix one’s eyes on sth.注視某物
look sb. in the eye直視/正視某人
description n.描述,描寫 a detailed/full description詳細的/詳盡的說明
a brief/general description簡要/概括性的說明
beyond description無法形容
describe vt.描述
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.人們相信,當“?！北坏惯^來
放時,幸福就會到來。 (教材P52)
情景導學
It is believed that greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.=Greenhouse gases are
believed to be the main cause of global warming.人們相信溫室氣體是全球變暖的主要原因。
(寫作·世界環境)
It is believed that the couple have left the country.=The couple are believed to have left the country.人們相信那對夫婦已經離開了這個國家。
經典結構 情景破
結構 1 It is believed that...人們相信……
用法歸納
①It is believed that...=sb./sth. be believed　　　　　　　　 ...人們相信……
②It在此處作形式主語,真正的主語是后面的that從句(主語從句)。
結構拓展
適用于此句型的動詞還有report、expect、say、think、hope、consider、estimate等。
It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.據說大約20%的25—34歲的人和父母住在一起,與之相比,1991年這一比例是16%。 (2020
全國Ⅲ)
to do/to have done
Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents...每年一上火車,我
就會被山西口音包圍…… (教材P53)
情景導學
The moment/As soon as Mary found her pen was missing, she got annoyed.瑪麗一發現她的鋼
筆不見了,就生氣了。 (讀后續寫·心理描寫)
用法歸納
　　名詞短語the moment可以用作連詞,引導時間狀語從句,意為“一……就……”,相當于
　　　　　 。
結構拓展
“the+時間名詞(短語)”,如the instant/the second/the minute(一……就……)、the year/month
(那年/那月)、the first time(第一次)等,以及名詞短語each time/every time(每次)等,可起連詞的
作用,引導時間狀語從句。
結構 2 the moment... 一……就……
as soon as
His younger brother was accepted by Harvard University the year he was admitted to Peking
University.他被北京大學錄取的那一年,他的弟弟被哈佛大學錄取了。
Every time I see the hat, it reminds me of the tour I made years ago.每次我看到那頂帽子,它
就會讓我想起幾年前的那次旅游。
　　When I think about what makes Christmas so magical,it’s not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.當我思考是什么讓圣誕節如此神奇時,我想到的不僅僅是禮物和圣誕老人。 (教材P59)
情景導學
It is Jack who/that wants to see you.正是杰克想要見你。(強調主語)
It was an old magazine that Mary found in the bag.瑪麗在包里找到的是一本舊雜志。(強調賓語)
It was in the supermarket that we met each other for the first time.就是在這個超市里我們第一
次遇見了彼此。(強調地點狀語)
→Was it in the supermarket that you met each other for the first time 你們是在這個超市里第一
次遇見彼此的嗎 (一般疑問句式)
→Where was it that you met each other for the first time 你們是在哪兒第一次遇見彼此的 (特
殊疑問句式)
結構 3 It is/was...that/who...強調句型
It was not until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.直到我完成了電影
學業,我才追求我的演藝生涯。(對not...until...的強調)
用法歸納
　?、購娬{句型的結構為“It is/was+被強調部分+　　　　　 +句子剩余部分.”。被強
調部分可以是　　 、　　 、　　 ,但一般不可以是謂語、表語、補足語等。
　　②當被強調部分是人時,可用　　 或　　 ,其余用that。
　?、蹚娬{句的時態根據原句的時態確定:若原句為過去的某種時態,則強調句中的be用
　 ;若原句為現在的某種時態,則強調句中的be用　　 。
　　④當強調主語時,that/who后的謂語動詞在人稱和數上應與　　　　　　　 保持一致。
　?、輳娬{句的一般疑問句式:　　　　　 +被強調部分+　　　　　 +句子剩余部分
強調句的特殊疑問句式:　　　 　 +is/was it that+句子剩余部分
　　⑥對not...until...的強調:It is/was　　 ...+that+句子剩余部分.
that/who
主語
賓語
狀語
who
that
was
is
被強調的主語
特殊疑問詞
not until
Is/Was it
that/who
長難句圖解
Sentence 1
譯文 我通常在春節前幾周開始計劃回山西老家的行程,因為火車票或航班必須盡早預訂。
Sentence 2
譯文　我不能經常回山西,所以當我回到家,我的父母會把這一年發生的事一股腦兒地告訴
我——誰結婚了,誰有孩子了或者誰去上大學了。
原因狀語從句
時間狀語從句
賓語從句
Sentence 3
譯文　隨著年齡的增長,回家和全家人待在一起成了春節最重要的部分。
Sentence 4
譯文　我記得(那天)有風,因為奶奶到的時候,她灰白的頭發亂糟糟的。
Sentence 5
譯文　當我給圣誕老人寫信告訴他我想要的禮物時,奶奶盡力幫助我。
時間狀語從句
原因狀語從句
定語從句
被動語態
　　英語的語態分為主動語態和被動語態兩種。主動語態表示主語是謂語動詞所表示的動
作的執行者;被動語態表示主語是謂語動詞所表示的動作的承受者。
一、不同時態的被動語態
情景導學
He is loved by all his students.
When will the work be finished
We can’t use the reading room. It is being repaired.
He knew he would be punished for his parking offence.
I had a feeling that I was being watched.
Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the vaccine(疫苗).
When we got to the cinema, all the tickets had been sold out.
必備語法 情景破
Some sports that were part of the Olympics in the past have been removed.
By next year all the money will have been spent.
He told me that the house would have been finished by the end of this month.
用法歸納
　　被動語態是由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成的,即be done。不同時態的被動
語態是在不同時態的主動語態的基礎上變換be的形式。常見時態的被動語態形式如下:
現在時 過去時 將來時 過去將來時
一般 am/is/are done was/were done will/shall be done would be done
進行 ①　 　　　 was/were being done
完成 have/has been done ②　　　 　 will have been done would have been done
am/is/are being done
had been done
二、被動語態的各種句式
情景導學
I was invited to the concert yesterday by the Greens.
The glass was not broken by Leach but by the wind.
Is King Lear written by Shakespeare
When was the football team set up
There will be a report today that smoking might be banned in most buildings.
Must the homework be handed in by tomorrow
Anne couldn’t be expected to understand the situation.
用法歸納
(1)肯定句式: 主語+be+過去分詞(+...).
(2)否定句式: 主語+be+not+過去分詞(+...).
(3)一般疑問句式: ③　　　　　　　　　　 (+...)
(4)特殊疑問句式: 特殊疑問詞(不作主語)+be+主語+過去分詞(+...) 特殊疑問詞(作主語)+be+
過去分詞(+...)
(5)謂語部分含有情態動詞的被動語態形式為“情態動詞+be done”,否定式是在情態動詞后
加not,疑問式是將④　　 提到主語前。
(6)有很多動詞短語的用法相當于及物動詞,可以有被動語態,要注意變為被動語態時,短語中
的副詞或介詞不可漏掉。
Be+主語+過去分詞
情態動詞
三、被動語態的用法
情景導學
Many houses were destroyed in the war.
Smoking is strictly prohibited here.
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
Many new buildings have been built in our city in recent years.
用法歸納
　　一般主動語態與被動語態的選用應根據具體情況而定,但下面幾種情況一般用被動語態:
(1)強調動作的⑤　　 ,或不想說出是誰做的這件事時;
(2)不必指出或不知道動作的執行者時;
(3)動作的執行者顯而易見時;
(4)在書面語中,特別是在科技報告、新聞報道、公告和通知中。
承受者
四、應注意的問題
1.不能用于被動語態的動詞及動詞短語
情景導學
　　This book consists of 25 chapters.
　　How much did it cost
用法歸納
　　少數及物動詞(如have、become、cost、enter、suit、lack等)以及動詞短語(如consist of、
run out of、belong to、take place、lose heart、break out等)通常不能用于被動語態。
2.主動形式表示被動意義
情景導學
The flower smells sweet.
The cloth washes easily.
The library doesn’t open on Sundays.
The meeting takes place next Monday.
用法歸納
(1)系動詞taste、feel、look、smell、sound、appear、seem、prove等與形容詞連用時;
(2)當sell、wash、read、write、wear等作不及物動詞與副詞連用時;
(3)當open、shut、start、move等作不及物動詞與can’t、won’t、doesn’t等連用時;
(4)某些表示“發生”的動詞(短語),如happen、take place、break out、occur等。
動詞短語
情景導學1
This sentence doesn’t make sense—there’s no verb in it.
We need more time to see how things develop before we take action.
用法歸納1
　　“動詞+名詞”形式的動詞短語:這類動詞短語由“實施動作的動詞+表示動作意義的
名詞”構成。
情景導學2
Could you slow down a bit I can’t keep pace with you.
It’s hoped that the talks may bring an end to the violence.
用法歸納2
　　“動詞+名詞(短語)+介詞”形式的動詞短語:這類動詞短語相當于⑥　 　　 , 需要接
賓語,大多數可以用于被動語態。
及物動詞
情景導學3
In order to look after her sick mother, she asked for a month’s leave.
用法歸納3
　　“動詞+介詞”形式的動詞短語:動詞加at、for、from、into、of、to、with等介詞構成
動介型動詞短語,相當于⑦　　　　　　　 , 其后需有賓語,可用于被動語態。賓語只能放
在⑧　　 , 不能放在動詞與介詞之間。在變為被動語態時, 整個動詞短語要作為整體看待,
不可拆開,介詞不能省略。
情景導學4
We dressed him up as a gorilla.
They let me have bigger imagination space to think over life/think life over.
及物動詞
介詞后
用法歸納4
　　“及物動詞+副詞”形式的動詞短語:
及物動詞加ahead、down、aside、back、off、in、out、forward、on、over、up等副詞構成
動副型動詞短語,相當于⑨　　　　　 ,需帶賓語,可用于被動語態。如果賓語是名詞,賓語
既可以放在動詞和副詞之間也可以放在副詞之后;如果賓語是代詞,則賓語只能放在⑩　
　　　 。
情景導學5
We’ve decided not to go away after all.
The rain stopped and the sun came out.
用法歸納5
　　“不及物動詞+副詞”形式的動詞短語:不及物動詞加away、in、back、off、out、on、
down、over、through、up等副詞,相當于 　　　　　 , 這種結構的動詞短語不能用于被
動語態,也不能接賓語。
及物動詞
動詞和副詞之間
不及物動詞
情景導學6
By studying hard I caught up with the others in the class.
Many small victories add up to a big one.
用法歸納6
　　“動詞+副詞+介詞”形式的動詞短語:這類動詞短語相當于 　　　　 , 需要接賓
語。
及物動詞
即時鞏固
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.(2020天津)Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who　　　　 (cheat) of her money.
2.First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they　　　　 (belong) to a particular group.
3.The flowers　　　　 (water) by the volunteers twice a week.
4.The poem reads nicely and　　　　 (read) by my students now.
5.The boy felt upset because he 　 　　 　 (punish) by his teacher at school.
6.Already this year, 115 measles(麻疹) cases 　　　　 (report) in the USA, compared
with 189 for all of last year.
7.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts 　　　　 (reward)
with success in the end.
had been cheated
belong
are watered
is being read
was punished
have been reported
will be rewarded
8.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it 　 　　　
(decorate).
Ⅱ.選詞填空
depend on; pass...down; break out; look forward to; pay attention to; take care
1.My parents and I are 　　　　 　 your visit to China.
2.Whether or not we can start off tomorrow will 　　　　　 the weather.
3.The roads are very slippery so 　　　　　 when you drive home.
4.Yan’an’s biggest attraction is the spirit that has been 　　　　　 by generations.
5.The war　　　　　 , and many innocent people were at the risk of losing their lives.
6.When communicating with others, you should 　 　　　　 your attitude in order to avoid
making others feel uncomfortable.
was being decorated
looking forward to
depend on
take care
passed down
broke out
pay attention to

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