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Unit 1 Water
Grammar in use
滬教版（五四）2024 英語 八年級 第一學期
Objectives 教學目標： 通過本節課的學習，學生
1. 能夠掌握時間狀語從句，特別是標志性的連接詞，例如：when, while, until, as soon as, by the time等，并能夠區分不同之處。（學習理解）
2. 能夠根據語法規則，把兩個短句通過合理的邏輯分析，運用時間狀語連接成一句正確的復合句，并嘗試解釋其緣由。（應用實踐）
3. 能夠在完成練習的過程中了解溫室效應的危害，并進一步提高保護環境的意識。（遷移創新）
Adverbial clauses
of time
(1) We will have about a month before it dries up.
(2) When the pot is full, I take it to the nearby bathing rock.
(3) I can feel the heat as the water wets my head and my neck.
(4) I carefully rub the soap into my hair and skin until every drop of water is fully used.
Read and think
How are?the?underlined?clauses?formed?
(1) In each sentence above, the underlined clause starts with a linking word (e.g.before, when, as, until) and says □when
□ how□ why an action happens.We therefore call this an "adverbial clause of time".
(2)An adverbial clause of time comes □before □after □ either before or after the main clause.
Work out the rules
√
√
Other rules
while + 只可以加延續性動詞，且時態一致
While Dad was drinking Cola, Mom was sleeping in her bed.
當... 時： when/ while/ as
when + 延續性或瞬間動詞都可以
When Dad was drinking Cola, Mom went to bed.
Dad was drinking Cola when Mom went to bed.
Other rules
as + 只可以加延續性動詞；強調同時，一邊... 一邊...
As Dad was drinking Coke, he saw Mom going to the bedroom.
We walked as we sang last Sunday.
Other rules
延續性動詞: 可以延續的動作, 幾秒鐘之內無法合理完成的事情
play, run, write, sleep, be on, work, ...
瞬間動詞：無法延續，幾秒內就結束做完了
get up, die, enter, start, end, start, end ...
Other rules
until= till 直到...
I watched TV until Mom came home last night.
... not... until 直到... 才...
I didn't watch TV until Mom came home last night.
自從: since 直到: until
Other rules
as soon as
若討論現在，遵守主將從現
I will call you as soon as I arrive.

若為以前發生的事，都是過去時
I called you as soon as I arrived.
... 發生的前/ 后： before, after
一... 就...: as soon as
(1) people drive cars and build factories/ they produce greenhouse gases
(2) more and more greenhouse gases trap extra heat/ our planet continues to warm
Practise: P 12
When people drive cars and build factories, they produce greenhouse gases.
As more and more greenhouse gases trap extra heat, our planet continues to warm.
(3) the Earth warms/ glaciers begin to melt
(4) glaciers melt/ sea levels rise, endangering low-lying places
Practise: P 12
When the Earth warms, glaciers begin to melt.
As glaciers melt, sea levels rise, endangering low-lying places.
(5) If the problem continues/ all the glaciers melt/ sea levels could rise by about 70 metres
(6) we must take action/ it becomes too late
Practise: P 12-13
If the problem continues, when all the glaciers melt, sea levels could rise by about 70 metres.
We must take action before it becomes too late.
Practise: P13 when, before, after, until
After water from?rivers or?lakes gets?cleaned?in?a?plant, it comes to our home through pipes.
It's time to enjoy your shower until the water becomes warm.
After water from?rivers or?lakes gets?cleaned?in?a?plant, it ...
Before the warm water, cold water often comes out first.
Be patient and wait.
When we turn?on?the hot tap, the boiler?starts heating water.
1. I was just about to go out ______ it started to rain.

2. She didn't leave her office ________ she finished all the work.
Other exercises
when
until
- 解析：這里需要一個表示“當……時候”的時間狀語從句引導詞，強調一個動作發生時另一個動作即將發生。“when” 符合語境，表示“正當我準備出去的時候，開始下雨了”。
- 解析：“not...until” 是固定搭配，表示“直到……才……”，這句話意思是“她直到完成所有工作才離開她的辦公室”。
3. As soon as he arrived home, he ______ (lie) down and fell asleep.
4. While I was reading, my sister ______________ (watch) TV.
Other exercises
lay
was watching
- 解析：“as soon as” 引導時間狀語從句，表示 “一……就……”。主句描述的動作發生在從句動作之后，根據語境，此處應用一般過去時，動詞 lie 的過去式是 lay，但 lie 表示“躺下”時，過去式是 lay，過去分詞是 lain，所以這里填 lay。
- 解析：“while” 引導時間狀語從句，強調兩個動作同時進行。從句用過去進行時“was reading”，主句也應用過去進行時，表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。watch 的現在分詞形式是 watching。
5. I will call you ____________ I get there.
6. He waited ________ the rain stopped.
Other exercises
as soon as
until
- 解析：“as soon as” 表示“一……就……”，引導時間狀語從句，這里表示“我一到那里就給你打電話”。
- 解析：“until” 表示“直到……為止”，常與表示持續性動作的動詞連用，這里“waited” 是持續性動作，意思是“他一直等到雨停”。
7. When the teacher came in, the students __________ (stop) talking.

8. By the time he got to the station, the train __________ (leave).
Other exercises
stopped
had left
- 解析：“when” 引導時間狀語從句，主句描述的動作發生在從句動作之后。根據語境，學生在老師進來這個動作發生后停止說話，應用一般過去時，stop 的過去式是 stopped。
- 解析：“by the time” 引導時間狀語從句，表示“到……時候為止”，主句常用過去完成時，表示在過去某一時間點之前已經完成的動作。leave 的過去分詞是 left，所以這里填 had left。
9. ______ the clock struck twelve, the fireworks began to go off.
10. She had learned a thousand English words ______________ she was ten.

Other exercises
When
by the time
- 解析：這里需要一個表示“在……時候”的時間狀語從句引導詞，強調一個特定時間點發生的動作。“when” 符合語境，表示“當鐘表敲響十二點時，煙花開始燃放”。
- 解析：“by the time” 表示“到……時候為止”，常與過去完成時連用，表示在過去某一時間點之前已經完成的動作。這里意思是“她十歲時已經學了一千個英語單詞了”。
11. None of us knew what had happened ______ they told us about it.

12. Make sure the tea is not too hot __________ you drink it.

Other exercises
until
before
- 解析：“not...until” 是固定搭配，表示“直到……才……”。這句話意思是“他們告訴我們之前，我們沒有人知道發生了什么事”。強調在“they told us about it”這個動作發生之前，“我們”處于不知道的狀態，直到這個動作發生后，情況才改變。
- 解析：“before” 在這里引導時間狀語從句，表示“在……之前”。句子意思是“在你喝（茶）之前，確保茶不要太燙”，強調喝茶這個動作發生之前的注意事項。
13. We were just about to leave ______ the phone rang.

14. ______ the boy got older, he learnt that true friends were hard to find.
Other exercises
when
As
- 解析：be about to do...when...” 是常見結構，表示“正要做……這時……”。這里描述的是“我們”正準備離開的時候，電話響了，“when” 用于引導這個時間狀語從句，強調兩個動作在時間上的緊密關聯，一個動作即將發生時另一個動作突然發生。
- 解析：“as” 引導時間狀語從句，表示“隨著……”。句子意思是“隨著這個男孩長大，他明白了真正的朋友很難找到”，強調隨著時間的推移（男孩年齡增長這個過程），他的認知發生了變化。
15. I didn't realize the truth ______ I read the book myself.

16. She sang a song ________ she was doing the housework.
Other exercises
until
while
- 解析：“not...until”結構在此句中表示“直到……才……”。句子意思是“直到我自己讀了這本書，我才意識到真相”。強調在“read the book myself”這個動作發生之前，一直處于“didn't realize the truth”的狀態，直到這個動作完成后，情況才改變。
- 解析：“while”引導時間狀語從句，表示“當……的時候”，強調主句和從句的動作同時發生，且從句動作多為持續性動作。這里意思是“她在做家務的時候唱了一首歌”，說明唱歌這個動作和做家務這個動作是同時進行的。
Homework
1. 基礎作業：完成教材配套的練習冊內容，
完成時間狀語從句的練習卷。
2. 進階作業：以時間狀語從句為主題，畫一幅美觀的 思維導圖。

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