資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共48張PPT)
　honour/honor v.向……表示敬意;給予表揚(yáng);給予榮幸 n.尊敬;榮幸;榮譽(yù)
Freedom Day is to honour an event.自由日是為了紀(jì)念一個(gè)事件。 (教材P17)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I am/feel deeply honoured to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve your English
reading ability.應(yīng)邀給你們做關(guān)于如何提高你們的英語閱讀能力的講座,我深感榮幸。
They were honoured with model workers for their contribution to our society.他們因?qū)ξ覀兩鐣?huì)
的貢獻(xiàn)而被授予勞動(dòng)模范稱號(hào)。
We celebrate Mother' Day in honour of our mothers.我們慶祝母親節(jié)是為了向我們的母親表
示敬意。　(寫作·節(jié)日介紹)
高頻詞匯 情景破
高頻詞匯精講
詞匯 1
It is my honour to stand here and address my speech titled “Be smart online learners”.我很榮
幸站在這里發(fā)表題為“做聰明的在線學(xué)習(xí)者”的演講。 (2021全國乙)
用法歸納
①honour sb. 　　　 sth. 　　　 sth. 因某事而給予某人……表揚(yáng)(或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、頭銜、稱號(hào)
等)
②be/feel honoured 　　　 sth. 做某事感到榮幸
③in honour 　　　 sb./sth.=in sb.'s/sth.'s honour為向某人/某事表示敬意;為了紀(jì)念某人/某事
④It is an/one's honour 　　　 sth. 很榮幸做某事。
⑤have the honour of sth./doing sth. 得到某殊榮/有幸做某事
with
for
to do
of
to do
詞匯拓展
honourable adj.可敬的;值得欽佩的
participate v.參加,參與
Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africa's first fully- participated
elections in 1994...自由日于每年4月27日舉行,以慶祝南非1994年第一次全面參與的選舉…
… (教材P17)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Learning that you're very interested in the Chinese language, I'm writing to invite you to partici-
pate in the Chinese Speech Contest for foreign students.得知你對(duì)中文很感興趣,我寫信邀請(qǐng)你
參加外國學(xué)生中文演講比賽。 (2020浙江1月)
詞匯 2
用法歸納
participate 　　　 ... 參加/參與……
詞匯拓展
①participation n.參加
With your participation and support, our competition has been a great success.在您的參與和
支持下,我們的比賽取得了極大的成功。　(寫作·感謝信)
②participant n.參與者,參加者
　regard v.認(rèn)為,看作,看待 n.關(guān)注,關(guān)心;尊敬,敬佩;[pl.](用于信函結(jié)尾或轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)問候)致意,問候
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard
Christmas as a special time of year.那就是為什么對(duì)于那些將圣誕節(jié)視作一年中的一個(gè)特殊時(shí)
刻的人來說《圣誕老爸的來信》可能是一本再合適不過的書。(教材P18)
詞匯 3
in
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed places.生態(tài)旅游通常被認(rèn)
為是到未受干擾的地方的低影響旅游。 (2021全國乙)
Give my regards to your family when you go back home.你回家后代我向你的家人問好。　(寫
作·書信結(jié)束語)
I'm writing to you with/in regard to your advertisement published in the magazine Panorama.我
寫信是關(guān)于你們?cè)凇度啊冯s志上刊登的廣告。　(寫作·信件開頭,表明寫信原因)
用法歸納
①regard...　　　 ...把……視作……
②as regards關(guān)于,至于
③be highly regarded by...得到……的高度評(píng)價(jià)
as
④with/in regard 　　　 ...關(guān)于/至于/對(duì)于……
⑤in this/that regard在這方面;在這一點(diǎn)上
⑥best regards/with kind regards 謹(jǐn)致問候(友好但比較正式的問候,多用于信的末尾)
詞匯拓展
“把……視為……”的表達(dá):view...as...;see...as...;consider...as...;look on...as...;think of...as...
　complain v.抱怨,不滿,發(fā)牢騷
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing
games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.在另一封信中,圣誕老爸抱怨說他怎么也沒法
阻止他的助手們用玩具玩游戲,而不是把它們包起來。 (教材P19)
詞匯 4
to
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Thanks to the rules, passengers taking the subway can complain to staff members about/of smart-
phone noises.多虧了這些規(guī)定,乘坐地鐵的乘客可以向工作人員投訴智能手機(jī)的噪聲。
用法歸納
complain (　　　 sb.) 　　　 sth. (向某人)抱怨/投訴某事
詞匯拓展
complaint n.抱怨,埋怨;投訴;控告;[C]投訴的事,不滿的事
make a complaint (to sb.) (about/of...)(向某人)投訴(……)
a letter of complaint投訴信
a customer/consumer complaint客戶/消費(fèi)者投訴
a formal complaint正式投訴/控告
I feel bad to trouble you but I'm afraid that I have to make a complaint about/of your restaurant.我很抱歉給您添麻煩,但是恐怕我不得不投訴您的餐館。　(寫作·投訴信)
about/of
to
　warning n.警告,警示,告誡;先兆;(對(duì)不良行為的)警告 adj.警示的,警告性的(只能用于
名詞前)
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive
their presents if they were not good.有趣的是,這些信里并沒有包含那些常見的對(duì)孩子們的警
告——如果他們(表現(xiàn))不好的話,可能就收不到禮物。 (教材P19)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning.諾頓灣被
冰覆蓋著,冰有時(shí)會(huì)毫無征兆地破裂。
She said nothing but gave him a warning look.她什么都沒說,但給了他一個(gè)警告的眼神。　(讀
后續(xù)寫·神態(tài)描寫)
詞匯 5
用法歸納
①give sb. a verbal/written/final warning向某人發(fā)出口頭/書面/最后警告
②　　　 (any) warning沒有(任何)警告/先兆
詞匯拓展
warn v.警告,告誡;提醒注意
warn sb. to do sth. 警告/告誡某人做某事
warn sb. not to do sth.=warn sb. against (doing) sth.警告某人不要做某事
warn sb. of sth.警告/提醒某人注意某事
warn sb. that...警告/提醒某人……
I warned him to be careful, but he didn't listen to me.我警告過他要小心,可他不聽我的。
The teacher warned us not to bring mobile phones to the examination room.=The teacher
warned us against bringing mobile phones to the examination room.老師警告我們不要把手機(jī)帶進(jìn)考場(chǎng)。
without
Relevant departments have warned people of the storm.有關(guān)部門已經(jīng)提醒人們注意暴風(fēng)雨。
　request n.請(qǐng)求,要求 vt.(正式或禮貌地)請(qǐng)求,要求
What do the words in bold indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility 粗體單詞表明什么:
命令、請(qǐng)求、才能還是可能性 (教材P22)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
They have made an urgent request for international aid.他們緊急請(qǐng)求國際援助。
At most students' request/At the request of most students, our school held an activity to pick or-
anges on the farm last Sunday.應(yīng)大多數(shù)學(xué)生的請(qǐng)求,我校于上周日在農(nóng)場(chǎng)舉辦了摘橘子活
動(dòng)。 (2020全國Ⅱ)
Our teacher made a request that we (should) take this opportunity to talk about how we learn Eng
詞匯 6
-lish on the Internet.我們的老師要求我們利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)談?wù)勎覀內(nèi)绾卧诰W(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)英語。 (2
020天津5月)
My parents requested me to learn a second foreign language.=My parents requested that I
(should) learn a second foreign language.我父母要求我學(xué)習(xí)一門第二外語。
It is requested that all members (should) be present at the party.全體成員都被要求出席這次聚
會(huì)。
用法歸納
①make a request 　　　 .../that...請(qǐng)求/要求……(that從句的謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,
should可省略)
②　　　 sb.'s request=　　　 the request of sb. 應(yīng)某人的要求
for
at
at
③on request一經(jīng)要求
④by request按照要求
⑤a written request書面請(qǐng)求
⑥r(nóng)equest sb. 　　　 sth. 要求某人做某事
⑦request that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
⑧　　　　　　　　　 that...據(jù)要求……(that從句的謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should
可省略)
⑨request sth. from sb.從某人處請(qǐng)求某物
特別提醒
動(dòng)詞request后的that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句及名詞request后的that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句中均需使用虛
擬語氣,即從句謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”形式,其中should可省略。
to do
It is requested
情景助記
以下動(dòng)詞后跟的that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句常常使用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原
形”。
The lantern fair attracts a lot of people, so it's one of the busiest times of year for the traffic po-
lice.燈會(huì)吸引了很多人,所以對(duì)交警來說,這是一年中最忙的時(shí)刻之一。(教材P23)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
He raised his hand hard above his head and waved to attract the teacher's attention.他用力將手
舉過頭頂,然后揮手以引起老師的注意。　(讀后續(xù)寫·動(dòng)作描寫)
What first attracted me to her was her incredible experience of life.她最先吸引我的是她不可思
議的人生經(jīng)歷。
With the rapid development of the Internet industry, the high-paying employment in the IT indus-
try attracts more and more people to the Internet tide.隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,IT行業(yè)的高
薪就業(yè)崗位吸引著越來越多的人加入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大潮。 (2021天津)
詞匯 7
attract v.吸引,引起……的興趣
用法歸納
①attract sb. 　　　 sb./sth.引起某人對(duì)某人/某物的好感/興趣
②attract one's 　 　　 引起某人的注意
詞匯拓展
①attractive adj.吸引人的;有吸引力的
be attractive to...對(duì)……有吸引力
China is very attractive to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historic sites.中國的美景和歷
史古跡對(duì)游客很有吸引力。
②attraction n.吸引;有吸引力的事;向往的地方;吸引力
a tourist attraction旅游勝地
to
attention
Can't they admit that the preparations for the dinner are hard work 他們不能承認(rèn)晚餐的準(zhǔn)備工
作很辛苦嗎 (教材P27)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
She said sorry to me and admitted (to) lying to me.她向我道歉并承認(rèn)對(duì)我說了謊。
I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely.我不得不承認(rèn),如此頻繁地搬家讓我感
到孤獨(dú)。 (2021全國乙)
I am delighted to know that you have been admitted to/into a key university.得知你被一所重點(diǎn)
大學(xué)錄取了,我很高興。　(寫作·書信開頭)
I didn't dare to admit to my parents that I was finding the course difficult.我不敢向父母承認(rèn)我
覺得這門課程很難。
詞匯 8
admit v.(不情愿地)承認(rèn);招認(rèn)(過錯(cuò)、罪行);準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(某處);準(zhǔn)許加入(俱樂部、組織等);接收(入學(xué));收治
I admit to looking through only what was useful for my paper when I read the book.我承認(rèn),當(dāng)我
閱讀這本書時(shí),我只瀏覽了對(duì)我的論文有用的部分。
用法歸納
①admit 　　　 (doing) sth. (勉強(qiáng))承認(rèn)(做)某事;承認(rèn)做過某事(指過錯(cuò)、罪行)
②admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做過某事(指過錯(cuò)、罪行)
③admit (　　　 sb.) (that)... (向某人)承認(rèn)……
④It is/was generally admitted that... 普遍認(rèn)為……
⑤admit...　　　 ... 準(zhǔn)許……進(jìn)入/加入……;接收……入學(xué)/入院
詞匯拓展
admission n.承認(rèn);進(jìn)入許可;門票費(fèi)
admission to進(jìn)入……的許可
admission prices 票價(jià)
to
to
to/into
His gaining admission to Peking University made his parents very pleased.他被北京大學(xué)錄取
了,這使他的父母很高興。
詞匯9　effort n.力氣,精力
I really don't think it's worth the effort of spending so much time preparing for a single meal...我
真的認(rèn)為不值得花這么多時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備一頓飯…… (教材P27)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Frank put a lot of effort into the party.弗蘭克對(duì)這次聚會(huì)投入了大量精力。
Life is a continuous process of fighting and no one can achieve success without effort.人生是一
個(gè)不斷奮斗的過程,沒有人可以毫不費(fèi)力地取得成功。　(寫作·議論文,奮斗與成功)
However, we should make great efforts to preserve and enrich our own traditional culture.然而,
我們應(yīng)該付出巨大的努力來保護(hù)和豐富我們自己的傳統(tǒng)文化。　(寫作·傳統(tǒng)文化)
詞匯 9
They've been working day and night in an effort to get the bridge ready on time.為了使這座橋
能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完工,他們一直夜以繼日地工作。
They promised to spare no effort to help those who were in poverty.他們承諾會(huì)不遺余力地幫助
那些貧困的人。
Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled.昆士蘭鐵路盡一切努力確
保列車如期運(yùn)行。(2020全國Ⅰ)
用法歸納
①make an effort (　　　 sth.) 做出努力/努力做某事
②make every effort to do sth. 盡一切努力做某事
③　　　 an effort to do sth. 為了做某事
④　　　　　　　 (to do sth.) 不遺余力地(做某事)
to do
in
spare no effort
⑤put effort 　　　 (doing) sth. 努力做某事,對(duì)某事投入精力
⑥with/without effort費(fèi)力地/不費(fèi)力地
The occasion is more enjoyable without all that tiring cooking, and the dishes taste better!不用那
么辛苦地做飯,用餐時(shí)刻會(huì)更加令人愉快,而且(飯店的)飯菜味道也更好! (教材P27)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
On the occasion of Teachers'Day, I'd like to express my gratitude to you.在教師節(jié)到來之際,我
想向您表達(dá)我的感激之情。
Everyone loses his/her temper on occasion(s), so don't blame yourself too hard.每個(gè)人都會(huì)偶爾
發(fā)脾氣,所以不要過分自責(zé)。
On that occasion, I felt a wave of tension rising from the bottom of my heart.在那種場(chǎng)合下,我感
詞匯10 occasion n.場(chǎng)合,時(shí)刻;時(shí)機(jī)
into
到一陣緊張的情緒從心底涌起。　(讀后續(xù)寫·心理描寫)
Spring Festival is an occasion when all the family can reunite.春節(jié)是個(gè)全家人可以團(tuán)聚的機(jī)
會(huì)。　(寫作·節(jié)日)
This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions would they take it out and
let us hold it in our hands.這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)牌對(duì)我父母來說很珍貴。只有在特殊場(chǎng)合他們才會(huì)把它拿
出來讓我們拿在手中。 (2019浙江)
用法歸納
①　 　　　　　　 在……之際
②　　　　　　　 有時(shí), 偶爾
③on a...occasion在……場(chǎng)合
④on this/that occasion這/那次;在這種/那種場(chǎng)合下
on the occasion of
on occasion(s)
⑤occasion作先行詞時(shí),關(guān)系詞常用　　　 ,在定語從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語
⑥on one occasion 有一次
詞匯拓展
①occasional adj.偶爾的,不經(jīng)常的
Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant's stomach, the forest wins silence.除了大象
肚子里偶爾發(fā)出的聲音,森林贏得了寂靜。　(讀后續(xù)寫·環(huán)境描寫)
②occasionally adv.偶爾地,不經(jīng)常地
A fact is something that exists or has happened, for example, an object, event or experience.事實(shí)
就是存在或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,例如一件物品、一個(gè)事件或一次經(jīng)歷。 (教材P29)
詞匯11 exist v.存在,實(shí)際上有
when
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The whole family exist on the money he's earning.全家人依靠他掙的錢生存。
Although difficulties exist in our everyday life, we shouldn't be afraid of them.盡管困難存在于
我們的日常生活中,但我們不應(yīng)該害怕它們。
As is known to us, there exists a generation gap between the young and the old.眾所周知,年輕人
和老年人之間存在代溝。　(寫作·溝通)
用法歸納
①exist 　　　 ... 存在于……(相當(dāng)于lie in...)
②exist 　　　 ... 依靠……生存/生活(相當(dāng)于live on...)
③　 　　　　 ... 存在……,有……
特別提醒
exist是不及物動(dòng)詞,不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)。
there exist(s)
in
on
詞匯拓展
①existence n.存在
in existence現(xiàn)有的,現(xiàn)存的
come into existence開始存在;產(chǎn)生;成立
This is the oldest building in existence in our town.這是我們鎮(zhèn)上現(xiàn)存的最古老的建筑物。
No one knows when such a custom came into existence.沒有人知道這種風(fēng)俗是什么時(shí)候開
始有的。
②existing adj.現(xiàn)有的,現(xiàn)存的,現(xiàn)行的
詞匯 釋義 用法&拓展
freedom n.自由,自由權(quán)利 personal freedom個(gè)人自由
free adj.免費(fèi)的;自由的,不受約束的 v.使自由,解放;釋放
vote v.投票,表決 n.投票,表決;選
票 vote for/against...投票贊成/反對(duì)……
vote on...就……進(jìn)行表決
vote to do sth.表決做某事
take/have a vote on...就……進(jìn)行表決
cast a vote投票
高頻詞匯積累
regardless adv.不管,不顧 regardless of不顧,不管
Access to education is everyone's right regardless of their gender or family background.
接受教育是每個(gè)人的權(quán)利,無論其性別或家庭背景如何。
limitless adj.無限的 limit vt.限制;限量 n.限度;限制;限量;界限
limit...to...把……限制在……內(nèi)
set limits on...對(duì)……進(jìn)行限制
a time/speed limit時(shí)間/速度限制
limited adj.有限的,受限的
limitation n.限制;限定;局限
regular adj.頻繁的,經(jīng)常的;有規(guī)律的 on a regular basis定期地
regularly adv.頻繁地,經(jīng)常;有規(guī)律地
starving adj.挨餓的,即將餓死的 starve v.(使)挨餓,(使)餓死
starve to death餓死
starvation n.饑餓,餓死
indicate v.表明,顯示;暗示;象征,代表;
指示 indication n.象征,指示
indicator n.指示信號(hào),跡象;轉(zhuǎn)向燈
wave v.揮手,招手;揮舞;飄揚(yáng),擺動(dòng),
搖晃 n.揮手,招手;海浪;風(fēng)潮,
浪潮;波 wave at/to sb.向某人招手
wave (sb.) goodbye (向某人)揮手告別
wave goodbye to sb.向某人揮手告別
wave one's arms揮舞胳膊
a wave of fear/pain一陣恐懼/疼痛
decorate v.裝飾,布置,美化 decorate A with B用B裝飾A
decoration n.裝飾品,裝飾
competition n.比賽,競(jìng)賽;競(jìng)爭(zhēng) in competition with與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
compete v.競(jìng)爭(zhēng);參加比賽
compete with/against sb. for sth.為了某物與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
compete in參加比賽
competitive adj.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的,有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的
competitor n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者,對(duì)手
loss n.失去,喪失,丟失;損失;虧損;
失敗;去世 weight loss體重減少
a sense of loss失落感
at a loss不知所措;虧本
lose v.丟失,失去,喪失(過去式、過去分詞分別為:lost,lost)
lost adj.丟失的;迷路的
process n.(為達(dá)到某目標(biāo)的)過程,進(jìn)
程 v.加工;處理 the production process生產(chǎn)過程
in the process of在……的過程中
procedure n.程序,步驟
interact v.互動(dòng),交流,溝通;相互作用 interact with與……互動(dòng)/交流;與……相互作用
interaction n.互動(dòng),交流;相互作用
interactive adj.合作的;相互影響的;互動(dòng)的;交互式的
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard
Christmas as a special time of year.那就是為什么對(duì)于那些將圣誕節(jié)視作一年中的一個(gè)特殊時(shí)
刻的人來說《圣誕老爸的來信》可能是一本再合適不過的書。 (教材P18)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I've been having trouble lately. This is why I'm asking you for help.最近我遇到了麻煩。這就
是我向你求助的原因。 (寫作·求助信)
That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-
country team.那就是為什么沒有一個(gè)孩子認(rèn)為戴維決定加入越野隊(duì)有什么不同尋常。 (20
22新高考Ⅰ)
經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu) 情景破
結(jié)構(gòu) 1 “That is why...”句型
用法歸納
　　This/That is/was why...意為“這/那就是為什么……;這/那就是……的原因”。
結(jié)構(gòu)拓展
①This/That is/was because...這/那是因?yàn)椤?br/> He did not see the film last night. That was because he had to help his little sister with her
homework.昨天晚上他沒有看電影。那是因?yàn)樗脦椭男∶妹米黾彝プ鳂I(yè)。
②The reason why...is/was that... ……的原因是……
The reason why he failed in the exam was that he didn t work hard.他考試不及格的原因是
他沒有努力學(xué)習(xí)。
The letters did, however, change as Tolkien's children got older...不過,隨著托爾金的孩子們長(zhǎng)
結(jié)構(gòu) 2 “do/does/did+動(dòng)詞原形”表強(qiáng)調(diào)
大,這些信件的確發(fā)生了變化…… (教材P19)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
China does achieve its goal of helping its people out of poverty.中國確實(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了它帶領(lǐng)人民脫
貧的目標(biāo)。
I don't take much exercise now, but I did like playing football when I was in junior high school.
我現(xiàn)在不怎么鍛煉了,但我上初中時(shí)的確喜歡踢足球。
If you have any other questions, do let me know.如果你有任何其他問題,請(qǐng)務(wù)必告訴我。 (20
19全國Ⅲ)
用法歸納
①如果強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞,不能用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,而要在動(dòng)詞原形前加助動(dòng)詞　　　 、　　　 或
　　　 ,表示“的確,確實(shí),真的”。
②這種強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)只有　　　 時(shí)和 　　　 時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)形式,且沒有疑問和否定形式。
③在祈使句中使用“do+動(dòng)詞原形”形式進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),往往不表示命令,而表示強(qiáng)烈的請(qǐng)求,
意為“務(wù)必,一定”。
did　
一般現(xiàn)在
一般過去
do
does
譯文　有趣的是,這些信里并沒有包含那些常見的對(duì)孩子們的警告——如果他們(表現(xiàn))不好
的話,可能就收不到禮物。
Sentence 1
長(zhǎng)難句 圖解
同位語從句
條件狀語從句
譯文 ……但是,如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并沒有得到很多你想要的東西,有時(shí)甚至所獲無幾,請(qǐng)記住,
在這個(gè)圣誕節(jié),全世界還有很多貧窮和饑餓的人。
Sentence 2
定語從句
譯文 不僅是因?yàn)槲覀兒苌倌艹缘降拿牢妒澄?也是因?yàn)槿胰四苡袡C(jī)會(huì)團(tuán)聚在一起。
Sentence 3
定語從句
后置定語
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(二)
一、can與could的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I can play basketball now, but I couldn't when I was young.現(xiàn)在我會(huì)打籃球,但小時(shí)候我不
會(huì)。
—Can/Could I have a talk with you about my graduate paper, Mr. Zhang 張老師,我能和您談?wù)?br/>我的畢業(yè)論文嗎
—Yes, you can./No, you can't.好的,可以。/不,不可以。
—Can he be in the reading room now 他現(xiàn)在可能在閱覽室嗎
—No, he can't be there, because I saw him in the office just now.不,他不可能在那兒,因?yàn)槲覄?br/>剛在辦公室看見他了。
必備語法 情景破
Going out alone late at night can be risky for a girl.對(duì)一個(gè)女孩子來說,深夜單獨(dú)外出可能是很
危險(xiǎn)的。
Can you go shopping with me tomorrow 明天你能跟我一起去購物嗎
He can't have gone to Shanghai, for I saw him a minute ago.他不可能去上海了,因?yàn)橐环昼娗?br/>我看見他了。
用法歸納
1.表示能力:can用來表示現(xiàn)在的能力,could表示①　　　 的能力。
2.表示請(qǐng)求和許可:could語氣比can委婉,但回答時(shí)只能用②　　　 。
3.can可表示推測(cè),意為“可能”,多用于否定句或疑問句。could既可以表示過去的可能性,也
可以表示現(xiàn)在的可能性或?qū)淼目赡苄?比can的程度弱。
4.can可表示理論上或習(xí)慣上的可能性,意為“可能會(huì)”。can還可表示客觀條件允許做某事。
can
過去
5.“can/could have+過去分詞”表示對(duì)過去的不確定推測(cè),一般用于否定句和疑問句中,could
的語氣比can弱。“can't/couldn't have+過去分詞”意為“不可能(已經(jīng))”。
二、may與might的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
—May I stay in the room for a while 我可以在這個(gè)房間待一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?
—Yes, you may./No, you mustn't.嗯,可以。/不,不可以。
He asked if he might use the computer.他問他能否用一下這臺(tái)電腦。
It may/might rain this afternoon. You'd better take a raincoat with you.今天下午可能會(huì)下雨。
你最好隨身帶上雨衣。
May you have a happy New Year.祝你新年快樂。
Now that you are interested in the position, you may/might as well have a talk with the boss.既然
你對(duì)這個(gè)職位感興趣,你不妨和老板談?wù)劇?br/>You may/might have read about it in the newspaper.你可能在報(bào)紙上看到這件事了。
用法歸納
1.may可表示征求對(duì)方的許可或允許對(duì)方做某事。表示請(qǐng)求允許時(shí),肯定回答用may,否定回
答用③　　　 。might可表示過去的許可。
2.may/might可表示推測(cè)(把握不大),意為“可能”,多用于肯定句和否定句。might可指過去
的可能性,也可指現(xiàn)在的可能性,比may可能性更小。
3.may用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
4.“may/might as well+動(dòng)詞原形”表示“不妨,還不如”。
5.“may/might have+過去分詞”主要用在肯定句和否定句中,表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)的不肯定的推測(cè)。might所表示的可能性比may小,語氣較委婉。
mustn't
特別提醒
may/might/can/could均可表示可能性,但can表示理論上的或一般性的可能性,而may表示實(shí)際
發(fā)生的可能性。might和could在肯定句中意思相近,但在否定句中含義不同。may not/might
not意為“可能不”,而can't/couldn't意為“不可能”。
You may be right or may not be right.你可能對(duì)也可能不對(duì)。
The news can't be true.這個(gè)消息不可能是真的。
三、must的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
We must make full preparations for the National College Entrance Examination.我們必須為高考
做充分準(zhǔn)備。
Betty must be in the next room. I can hear her talking there.貝蒂肯定在隔壁房間。我能聽見她
在那兒講話。
Why must you leave in a hurry instead of staying with us 你為什么不跟我們待在一起,非要急
急忙忙地離開呢
You mustn't make loud noises while the baby is sleeping.嬰兒睡覺時(shí),你不準(zhǔn)發(fā)出太大聲音。
—Must I finish my homework before eight o'clock 我必須要在8點(diǎn)之前完成家庭作業(yè)嗎
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't/don't have to.是的,必須。/不,你不必。
The wind last night must have been very strong, for the old tree has fallen down.昨晚的風(fēng)一定刮
得很大,因?yàn)槟强美蠘涞沽恕?br/>用法歸納
1.must表示命令或強(qiáng)烈的建議,意為“④　　　 ”。
2.must表示十分肯定的推測(cè),意為“一定,準(zhǔn)是”,只能用于肯定句。
3.must表示說話人的一種態(tài)度,意為“偏要;硬要;偏偏”。
4.mustn't表示⑤　　　 ,意思是“不許,不準(zhǔn),不可以”。
5.回答must問句時(shí),肯定回答多用⑥　　　 ,否定回答多用⑦　　　 或⑧　 　　　 。
6.“must have+過去分詞”表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)的肯定推測(cè),意為“一定(已經(jīng))…
…”,通常只用于肯定句。否定句中要用“can’t/couldn’t have+過去分詞”,意為“不可能
(已經(jīng))……”。
易混辨析
must與have to的區(qū)別見Unit 1“必備語法·情景破”中“have to的用法”部分的“易混辨析”。
don't have to
needn't
must
禁止
必須
即時(shí)鞏固
用下列詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(包含其否定形式)
can, could, may, might, must
1.(2023全國乙) Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants 　　　　 im-
prove creativity, focus and memory.
2.(2022新高考Ⅰ)She believes that dogs 　　　　 help children in ways we can't.
3.(2022全國甲)It 　　　　 seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal.
4.(2021天津3月)All applicants 　　　　 have a driver's license and access to a car.
5.My sister met him at the theatre last night, so he 　　 　　 have attended your lecture.
6.—Is John coming by bus
—He should, but he 　 　　　 . He likes riding his bike.
can
can
may/might
must
can't/couldn't
may not/might not
7.—What has happened to George He hasn't turned up so far.
—I don't know. He　　 　　 have got lost in the woods.
8.—She looks very happy. She　　　　 have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.
may/might
must

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