資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共51張PPT)
詞匯1　 typical adj.典型的,有代表性的;不出所料的;一貫的,平常的
He also does a typical Sunday roast.他還做有代表性的周日烤肉。 (教材P3)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.他們的生活方式具有普通人的特點(diǎn)。 (2020
江蘇)
It is typical of her to give a hand to people who are in trouble.她一向愛幫助有困難的人。　(寫
作·人物介紹)
高頻詞匯 情景破
高頻詞匯精講
用法歸納
①be typical 　　　 ... 具有……的特點(diǎn);是……的典型
②it is typical of sb. 　　　 sth.某人一向做某事
詞匯拓展
typically adv.典型地,具有代表性地;不出所料,一向如此;一般
Typically, he would come late and then go early.他一向如此,總是來得晚,然后又走得早。
of
to do
　 suffer v.(身體或精神上)受苦;遭受
...Mum says we'd better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside
our bodies, according to traditional Chinese medicine. ……母親說我們最好不要吃太多烤的食
物,因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)中醫(yī)的說法,這可能會(huì)使我們的身體遭受內(nèi)熱之苦。 (教材P3)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
People suffer from high fever, serious vomiting and terrible headaches when they have the disease.人們患這種病時(shí),會(huì)出現(xiàn)高燒、嚴(yán)重嘔吐和嚴(yán)重頭痛的癥狀。
詞匯 2
It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind.它也被用于
幫助患有癡呆的患者,癡呆是一種嚴(yán)重的精神疾病。 (2022新高考Ⅰ)
The company suffered great losses but finally overcame the difficulties and managed to survive
the crisis.這家公司雖然遭受了巨大損失,但最終克服了困難,設(shè)法度過了危機(jī)。
用法歸納
①suffer可作不及物動(dòng)詞,常與介詞　　　 連用,指遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或自然災(zāi)害帶來的苦難、患病
或遭受其他之苦,意為“(身體或精神上)遭受……(痛苦);遭受……折磨;患……疾病”。
②suffer也可作及物動(dòng)詞,常與pain、loss、defeat、damage、hunger、punishment、injury、
hardship等名詞連用,表示“遭受疼痛/損失/失敗/破壞/饑餓/懲罰/傷害/艱難困苦”等;其后也
可接疾病,表示“患……病”。
from
特別提醒
suffer不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),不可以用其過去分詞作狀語或后置定語。
詞匯拓展
①suffering n.[C,U]疼痛;痛苦;折磨;苦難
②sufferer n.受難者;患病者
　addict n.對(duì)……著迷的人;癮君子
So, if you're a sugar addict and aren't able to say no to chocolate or cola, you had better down-
load it now!所以,如果你是一個(gè)愛吃糖的人,并且無法拒絕巧克力或可樂,那你最好現(xiàn)在就下
載它! (教材P6)
詞匯拓展
①addicted adj.入迷的;上癮的(不用于名詞前)
詞匯 3
be/become/get addicted to (doing) sth.沉迷于某物/(做)某事;對(duì)某物/(做)某事上癮
It's not wise of us to be addicted to playing with smart phones because we may ignore other
things in life.我們沉迷于玩智能手機(jī)是不明智的,因?yàn)槲覀兛赡軙?huì)忽略生活中的其他事情。
　(寫作·健康的生活方式)
②addictive adj.使人著迷的;使人上癮的
③addiction n.癮;入迷;嗜好
addiction to sth. 對(duì)某物/某事的癮
The problem of addiction to the mobile phone has been observed since a few years ago.手機(jī)成
癮的問題在幾年前就已經(jīng)被注意到了。
　in case以防;以防萬一;如果
Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you dare not pick them up in case you get it
詞匯 4
wrong.有時(shí),有那么多的刀叉,以致你不敢拿起它們來,以防弄錯(cuò)了。 (教材P7)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The sun is shining, but I ll take an umbrella just in case.現(xiàn)在陽光燦爛,但我還是會(huì)帶上雨傘以
防萬一。
“In case you need something, please don't hesitate to let me know,” he held my hand firmly
and said to me sincerely.他緊緊地握著我的手,真誠地對(duì)我說:“如果你需要什么,請(qǐng)盡管告訴
我。”　(讀后續(xù)寫·場(chǎng)景描寫)
She decided to go back to the store and give the cashier a five-dollar bill to keep on hand in case
the same happened to someone else.她決定回到那家商店,給收銀員一張5美元的鈔票讓其放在
手邊,以防別人也發(fā)生同樣的事情。 (2021浙江)
用法歸納
①in case可引導(dǎo)　　　 從句,意為“以防,免得”,還可引導(dǎo)　　　 從句,意為“如果,假如
……的話”。
②just in case可起副詞作用,置于句尾,意為“　　　 ”。
詞匯拓展
①in case of以免;如果,假使
19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.19%
的人稱他們從不使用它(座機(jī)),而另有13%的人留著它以免發(fā)生緊急情況。 (2021全國乙)
②in any case無論如何;不管怎樣
In any case, you should prepare for the worst.無論如何你都應(yīng)該做好最壞的打算。
③in that case既然那樣;假使那樣的話
④in no case在任何情況下都不,決不(置于句首時(shí),句子要用部分倒裝)
目的狀語
條件狀語
以防萬一
In no case can we go against the law of nature or we will meet endless suffering.在任何情況
下,我們都不能違背自然規(guī)律,否則我們將遭受無盡的苦難。
⑤it is often the case that...=as is often the case... ……是常有的事
　differ v.不同,不一樣,有區(qū)別;持不同看法,不同意
　　Table manners, however, can differ in different situations.然而,餐桌禮儀在不同情況下可
能有所不同。 (教材P7)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The two sides still differ with each other on/over/about the pay.雙方在工資問題上仍然意見相
左。
American English and British English differ in many ways, such as grammar, vocabulary and
pronunciation.美國英語與英國英語在很多方面都不同,例如語法、詞匯和發(fā)音。　(寫作·語
詞匯 5
言學(xué)習(xí))
Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.世界上的事物是千差萬別的。
用法歸納
①differ 　　　 ... 在……方面不同
②differ 　　　 ... 不同于……
③differ (　　　 sb.) (on/over/about sth.) (與某人)(在某事上)意見不同
詞匯拓展
①different adj.不同的;相異的
be different from...(in...) (在……方面)與……不同
City life is very different from country life.城市生活和鄉(xiāng)村生活是非常不同的。
②difference n.不同;差別
in
from
with
tell the difference between...(and...) 分辨出……(和……)的不同
make a difference有影響;有作用
One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘,謬以千里。
③differently adv.不同地
　recommend v.推薦;建議
　　Highly recommended!強(qiáng)烈推薦! (教材P7)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in art.我向任何對(duì)藝術(shù)感興趣的人推薦這本書。
I recommend you to take the high-speed rail to Beijing, because it is very convenient.我建議你乘
高鐵去北京,因?yàn)樗芊奖恪！?寫作·建議信)
詞匯 6
I highly recommend visiting this exhibition. I am sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture
and art.我強(qiáng)烈建議(你)參觀這個(gè)展覽。我相信你會(huì)學(xué)到很多關(guān)于中國文化和藝術(shù)的東西。
(2021浙江)
He recommended that she (should) do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier
candy would contain.他建議她做一些研究,并和牙醫(yī)談?wù)勔活w更健康的糖果里會(huì)含有什么東
西。
用法歸納
①recommend sb./sth. 　　　 sb. 向某人推薦某人/某物
②recommend 　　　 sth. 建議做某事
③recommend sb. 　　　 sth. 建議某人做某事
④recommend that sb. (should) do... 　 　　　　 (翻譯)
to
doing
to do
建議某人做……
詞匯拓展
recommendation n.[U,C]推薦;介紹; [C]正式建議,提議;推薦信;介紹信
a letter of recommendation 推薦信
　end up (尤指經(jīng)歷一系列意外后)最終處于,到頭來
　　I often end up saving part of my meal for the next day.我經(jīng)常最后會(huì)把部分飯菜留到第二
天。 (教材P11)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
If you keep on taking regular exercise, you will end up healthy and energetic.如果你繼續(xù)進(jìn)行有
規(guī)律的鍛煉,你最終會(huì)變得健康并且精力充沛。　(寫作·鍛煉與健康)
Maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England.你可能最終會(huì)把注意力從小說上轉(zhuǎn)移開,了解到英格蘭浪漫主義詩人的歷史。
(2020天津5月)
詞匯 7
用法歸納
①end up 　　　 sth. 最終做某事,以做某事告終
②end up+　　　 以……(狀況)告終
詞匯拓展
①end up with... 以……結(jié)束(后接表示具體事物的名詞)
At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.在宴會(huì)上,我們通常先喝湯,最
后吃水果。
②end up in... 以處于……狀態(tài)結(jié)束(后接抽象名詞或表示地點(diǎn)的名詞)
Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures.這些塑料袋中
有很多最終進(jìn)入海洋,在海中較大的塑料袋會(huì)困住海洋生物。 (2020北京)
doing
形容詞
③end up as... 最終成為/變成……(后接表示身份、職務(wù)的名詞)
She was born in a poor family but made a success of her study, and she ended up as a scientist.
她出生在一個(gè)貧窮的家庭,但她學(xué)有所成,最終成為一名科學(xué)家。
　satisfying adj.令人高興的,令人滿意(或滿足)的
　　When I get back home, there's nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner.當(dāng)我回到家
時(shí),沒有什么比一頓含肉的大餐更讓我滿足的了。 (教材P12)
詞匯拓展
①satisfy v.使?jié)M意,使?jié)M足;滿足(要求等)
satisfy one's needs/demands/curiosity 滿足某人的需要/需求/好奇心
Reading can not only make me feel relaxed but also satisfy my needs to broaden my horizons.
閱讀不僅可以讓我感到放松,而且還可以滿足我開闊眼界的需求。　(寫作·閱讀的好處)
詞匯 8
②satisfied adj.滿意的
be satisfied with 對(duì)……滿意
She isn't satisfied with her new hairstyle.她對(duì)她的新發(fā)型不滿意。
③satisfaction n.滿意,滿足
to on's satisfaction=to the satisfaction of sb. 使某人滿意的是
with satisfaction 滿意地
The problem was solved to the complete satisfaction of everybody.這個(gè)問題解決了,所有人都
非常滿意。
At his successful completion of the task, his father smiled with satisfaction.看到他成功完成任
務(wù),他的父親滿意地笑了。　(讀后續(xù)寫·神態(tài)描寫)
④satisfactory adj.令人滿意的
　convenient adj.方便的,便利的;附近的,近便的
　　I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables, but ready meals are so convenient.我
知道我們應(yīng)該多吃新鮮的水果和蔬菜,但是預(yù)制餐是如此方便。 (教材P12)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
If it’s convenient for you, let's meet at the school gate at 9:00.如果你方便的話,我們9點(diǎn)在校門
口見面吧。 (2021北京)
I want to know whether it is convenient for you to attend my birthday party on Saturday.我想知
道星期六你是否方便參加我的生日聚會(huì)。　(寫作·邀請(qǐng)信)
用法歸納
①it is convenient (　　　 sb.) to do sth. (對(duì)某人來說)做某事是方便的
②be convenient 　　　 sb. 對(duì)某人來說是方便的
詞匯 9
for
for
詞匯拓展
①convenience n.方便,便利;便利設(shè)施
at one's convenience 在某人方便的時(shí)候
for convenience 為了方便起見
for sb.'s convenience=for the convenience of sb. 為了方便某人
Mum invited the Greens to visit our house at their convenience.媽媽邀請(qǐng)格林一家在方便的
時(shí)候來我家參觀。
I kept my reference book near my desk for convenience.為方便起見,我把參考書放在了書桌旁。
We have provided seats for our customers' convenience.=We have provided seats for the con-
venience of our customers.為了方便顧客,我們備有座位。
②conveniently adv.方便地
　
　　What's more, it is easy to make and can be adapted to individual tastes.更重要的是,它很容
易制作,而且可以適應(yīng)個(gè)人口味。 (教材P14)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
He is going to adapt this novel for a television series.他將把這部小說改編成一部電視連續(xù)劇。
This play is adapted from a novel written by Dack.這個(gè)劇本是根據(jù)達(dá)克寫的一部小說改編的。
She found it difficult to adapt herself to the life in a foreign country.她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己難以適應(yīng)國外的
生活。
People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.埃塞俄比亞高原上的人們
詞匯10 adapt v.(使)適應(yīng),(使)適合;改編
已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了在海拔高的地區(qū)生活。 (2020全國Ⅲ)
用法歸納
①adapt 　　　 (doing) sth. 適應(yīng)(做)某事
②adapt oneself　　　 (doing) sth. 使某人自己適應(yīng)(做)某事
③adapt...　　　 ...改造……以適應(yīng)……;把……改編成……
④be adapted　　　 ... 改編自……;根據(jù)……改編
詞匯拓展
①adaptation n.[U]適應(yīng);[C]改編本
adaptation to... 對(duì)……的適應(yīng)
The process of adaptation to a new school is difficult for some children.對(duì)一些孩子來說,適應(yīng)
新學(xué)校的過程很難。
for
to
to
from
②adaptable adj.有適應(yīng)能力的;能適應(yīng)的
易混辨析
adapt與adopt僅有一個(gè)字母之差,需注意二者的拼寫與詞義、用法的區(qū)別。adopt意為“收養(yǎng),
領(lǐng)養(yǎng);采用(某方法);采取(某態(tài)度)”。
The couple who do not have children of their own are planning to adopt a little girl.這對(duì)夫婦
沒有自己的孩子,他們正打算領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一個(gè)小女孩。
The teacher decided to adopt a different approach and teach poems through storytelling.這位老
師決定采用一種不同的方法,通過講故事來教詩歌。
　
　　So, don't forget to pick up some chicken on your way home and try this recipe out!所以,別
忘了在你回家的路上買些雞肉,然后試試這個(gè)食譜! (教材P14)
詞匯11 pick up買,購買;拿起;(偶然)學(xué)會(huì);接聽(電話);接收(信號(hào));(開車)接人;好轉(zhuǎn);取回
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The equipment can pick up signals from satellites.該設(shè)備能接收來自人造衛(wèi)星的信號(hào)。
He picked up some French words while living with a Frenchman.他和一個(gè)法國人住在一起時(shí)學(xué)
會(huì)了一些法語單詞。
My friend's health began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.在醫(yī)院里住了幾天
后,我朋友的健康開始好轉(zhuǎn)。
However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at
it for hours.然而,我的孩子們放學(xué)后想做的事情就是拿起一個(gè)屏幕——任何一個(gè)屏幕——然
后盯著它看幾個(gè)小時(shí)。 (2021浙江)
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from
numbers they don't know.自動(dòng)語音電話的問題已經(jīng)變得如此嚴(yán)重,以至于許多人現(xiàn)在拒絕接
聽他們不認(rèn)識(shí)的號(hào)碼的電話。 (2019北京)
A warm wave came to his heart when he remembered the scene where his mother picked him up
at the school gate.當(dāng)他想起母親在校門口接他的情景時(shí),一股暖流涌上心頭。　　(讀后續(xù)寫·
心理描寫)
詞匯拓展
pick out 精心挑選;辨別出,認(rèn)出來
It's easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.因?yàn)樗芨?所以很容易在人群中
認(rèn)出他來。
詞匯 釋義 用法&拓展
marriage n.[U]婚姻生活,已婚狀態(tài);[C]結(jié)婚,婚姻;婚禮 a happy/an unhappy marriage幸福的/不愉快的婚姻
celebrate 30 years of marriage慶祝結(jié)婚30周年
a marriage ceremony 婚禮儀式
wedding n.婚禮
marry v.結(jié)婚
married adj.已婚的;婚姻的
高頻詞匯積累
sort n.種,類vt.整理,把……分類 all sorts of各種各樣的,五花八門的
sort...into... 把……按……分類
sort out挑選出;整理
horrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的;討厭的 a horrible experience一次可怕的經(jīng)歷
terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的
　fearful adj.可怕的,嚇人的,
恐懼的;擔(dān)心的
horribly adv.可怕地
gather v.聚集;收攏;搜集;積聚;增加 gather together集合在一起,聚集
gather information/data搜集信息/數(shù)據(jù)
gather speed加快速度
gathering n.聚集,聚會(huì);收集,搜集
symbol n.象征,標(biāo)志;符號(hào),代號(hào),記號(hào) symbolic adj.作為象征的;符號(hào)的
symbolize vt.象征;代表
opinion n.意見,看法 the opinion of/about/on... 對(duì)……的意見/看法
in one's opinion=in the opinion of sb.根據(jù)某人的看法,在某人看來
function n.(事物的)功能;作用 v.起作
用;運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) Quite often the phones didn't
function at all.這些電話經(jīng)常根本沒法用。
function as... 起……作用;具有……功能
functional adj.功能的;起作用的,運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的;實(shí)用的
related adj.有關(guān)系的,相關(guān)的 be related to 與……有關(guān)
relate v.聯(lián)系,與……有關(guān)
relation n.聯(lián)系,關(guān)系
relative n.親戚
tip n.指點(diǎn),建議;訣竅;小費(fèi);末梢,
尖端 on the tip of one's tongue 話在嘴邊上(卻一時(shí)想不起來)
the tip of the iceberg (問題的)冰山一角
trick n.訣竅,技巧,技法;花招,詭計(jì),
騙局;惡作劇,戲弄 v.欺騙,哄
騙 play a trick on... 開……的玩笑, 捉弄……
a hat trick帽子戲法(指在足球比賽中連入三球)
trick sb. out of sth.從某人處騙走某物
Her partner tried to trick her out of her share.她的合伙人企圖騙走她的股份。
trick sb. into (doing) sth.誘使某人做某事
handle n.柄,把手 v.處理,應(yīng)付;拿;操
縱 the door handle門把手
At first, I worried she wouldn't be able to handle the matter, but she made it in the end.起初,我擔(dān)心她沒有能力處理那個(gè)問題,但最后她做到了。
attack v.侵襲,侵蝕,損害;襲擊,攻擊
n.損害,傷害;襲擊,攻擊;(疾
病的)發(fā)作 (an) attack on... 對(duì)……的攻擊
under attack受到攻擊,在攻擊之下
belong to 屬于……;是……的成員; 是……的一部分 These magazines may belong to her.這些雜志可能屬于她。
注意:belong to中的to為介詞;belong to不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);常用belonging to或含有belong to的定語從句作后置定語
belong v.屬于;應(yīng)在(某處);適應(yīng),合得來
belonging n.穩(wěn)定關(guān)系,歸屬感
belongings n.所有物,財(cái)物
construction n.建造,建筑 under construction正在建造之中
construct v.建造,修建
reconstruct v.重建,修復(fù)
reconstruction n.重建
identify v.確定,發(fā)現(xiàn),找到;認(rèn)出,識(shí)別 First, we should identify the major problem.首先,我們應(yīng)確定主要問題。
It was easy to identify her as she wore a little nurse's hat on her head.她頭上戴了一頂小護(hù)士帽,所以很容易認(rèn)出她。
identity n.身份;特征
identification n.鑒定,識(shí)別;確認(rèn);身份證明
resist v.忍住,按捺,抵擋(常用于否
定句);抵制;反抗;使不受……
的傷害 can't resist doing sth.禁不住做某事
On arriving home, the boy couldn't resist showing off his being praised by the teacher.
一到家,男孩就忍不住炫耀自己受到了老師的表揚(yáng)。
resist doing sth.抵制/反對(duì)做某事
resistant adj.有抵抗力的;抵制的,反抗的
be resistant to對(duì)……有抵抗力;抵制……
resistance n.反抗,抵抗;抵抗力,免疫力;阻力
To me, there's nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of
Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup!對(duì)我來說,沒有什么比由英式餅干和一杯裝在精致的瓷
杯里的中國烏龍茶組成的跨文化下午茶更好了! (教材P4)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Nothing is more precious than health.健康是最寶貴的。 (寫作·健康的重要性)
I have never heard a more interesting story.我從未聽過比這更有趣的故事。/這是我聽過的最
有趣的故事。
I couldn't agree with you any more.我再同意你不過了。/我完全同意你的觀點(diǎn)。
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station.如果你
經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu) 情景破
結(jié)構(gòu) 1 “否定詞+比較級(jí)(+than...)”表示最高級(jí)含義
正在尋找干凈(的地方)和現(xiàn)代的旅社,看一看Youth Station是最合適的了。(2021新高考Ⅰ)
用法歸納
①“否定詞+比較級(jí)(+than...)”相當(dāng)于最高級(jí),通常意為“　 　 　　　　　　 ” “……是
最……的”或“完全,十分,非常”。用“否定詞+比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)的意義比直接用最高
級(jí)更有說服力。
②否定詞與比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)的常用結(jié)構(gòu):
a.一些否定詞,如nobody、　　　 等作主語,或“no+名詞”“no other+名詞”作主語與比
較級(jí)連用。
b.can't/cannot/couldn't或never、not、no等否定詞與比較級(jí)連用。
　
　　My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too tired to eat much anyway.我的冰箱通常
結(jié)構(gòu) 2 too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)
再?zèng)]有比……更……的了
nothing
是半空的,而且我經(jīng)常累得吃不下太多東西。 (教材P11)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground.然
而,如果攜帶足夠的電池,飛機(jī)就會(huì)因?yàn)樘囟鵁o法離開地面。(2020天津5月)
They seemed to be too nervous and they were only too anxious to leave as soon as possible.他們
似乎太緊張了,急于要盡快離開。 (讀后續(xù)寫·心理描寫)
You cannot be too careful to drive your car when crossing the street.你開車穿過街道時(shí),越小心
越好。
用法歸納
　　①too...to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)在多數(shù)情況下表示否定意義,意為“太……而不能做某事”。該結(jié)
構(gòu)中,too為副詞,后接形容詞或副詞,不定式作　　　 狀語。
結(jié)果
②在too...to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中,若too后是表示某種心情或傾向的形容詞,如anxious、glad、
pleased、delighted、willing、eager等,該結(jié)構(gòu)往往不表示否定意義,而表示肯定,此時(shí)too前通
常有only、simply、just等詞修飾,too和前面的only、simply、just等詞一起相當(dāng)于very。
③“　　　 /can never be+too+adj.+to do sth.”表示做某事時(shí)再……也不過分,做某事時(shí)越
……越好。
cannot
譯文 他曾告訴我,當(dāng)他第一次去中國拜訪我母親的父母時(shí),他對(duì)在餐桌上看到的東西感到
驚訝。
Sentence 1
長難句 圖解
賓語從句
賓語
譯文　我們都喜歡烤的牛肉和蔬菜,但母親說我們最好不要吃太多烤的食物,因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)中醫(yī)
的說法,這可能會(huì)使我們的身體遭受內(nèi)熱之苦。
Sentence 2
原因狀語從句
Sentence 3
譯文　可是就在我以為自己能夠接受所有中國食物的時(shí)候,我偶然遇到了臭豆腐,它是一種
可怕的灰色的東西,看起來和聞起來都像是燒焦的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。
定語從句
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(一)
一、be able to的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Since the accident he hasn't been able to leave the house.自那次事故之后,他一直未能離開這
座房子。
Frankly speaking, I regret not being able to help her.坦率地說,我很遺憾未能幫助她。
With our efforts, ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education.在我們的努
力下,10名小男孩和小女孩現(xiàn)在將能夠繼續(xù)接受教育。 (2021北京)
Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a
new study.根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究,狗可能確實(shí)能夠區(qū)分人類高興和生氣的面部表情。 (2021浙
江)
必備語法 情景破
用法歸納
　　be able to意為“會(huì),有能力;可以,能”,后接動(dòng)詞原形,不僅有①　　　 、人稱和數(shù)的變
化,還可以與某些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用(通常不與can連用),甚至還可以有非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。
易混辨析(can/be able to)
can和be able to都可以表示能力,前者表示主語原本就具有某種能力,后者表示通過努力可以
具備某種能力或?qū)崿F(xiàn)某種狀態(tài),重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是要有一個(gè)努力的過程。如:
He could swim when he was five years old.他5歲時(shí)就會(huì)游泳了。
After years of hard work he was able to speak English fluently.經(jīng)過多年的艱苦努力,他能夠流
利地說英語了。
時(shí)態(tài)
二、dare的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Dare you climb that tree 你敢爬那棵樹嗎
He daren't go there because it is very dangerous.他不敢去那兒,因?yàn)槟莾汉芪ｋU(xiǎn)。
She didn't dare (to) go there alone, because it was too late.她不敢獨(dú)自去那兒,因?yàn)樘砹恕?br/>用法歸納
1.dare意為“敢于,膽敢”,既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,又可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。
2.dare作②　　　 動(dòng)詞時(shí)后跟③　　　 ,常用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句中,用于
否定句和疑問句的形式分別為“dare not/daren't”“Dare I/you/he/she... ”。在肯定句中,情
態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare通常只用于I dare say這一習(xí)慣用語,表示“我想;我敢說”。dare用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)
沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,但有時(shí)態(tài)的變化,其過去式為dared。
情態(tài)
動(dòng)詞原形
3.dare用作④　　　 動(dòng)詞時(shí),有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化,通常與一般動(dòng)詞一樣構(gòu)成否定式和
疑問式。在肯定句中,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞dare通常跟帶to的不定式;在否定句和疑問句中,其后可跟帶to
或不帶to的不定式。
三、have to的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I've just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather.我剛剛被告知,我得去看望我
生病的爺爺。 (2021北京)
You don't have to dress up for this party.你不必為這次聚會(huì)盛裝打扮。
用法歸納
　　have to意為“⑤　　　　　 ”,后跟動(dòng)詞原形,其時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化形式為had to
和has to;其否定形式為don't/doesn’t/didn't have to,意為“不必”。
實(shí)義
必須,不得不
易混辨析(have to/must)
(1)have to表示一種客觀的需要;must表示一種主觀的需要。
(2)have to的否定形式表示“不必;沒必要”;must的否定形式為mustn't,表示“禁止,不
準(zhǔn)”。
We have to finish the work before lunch.我們不得不在午飯前完成這項(xiàng)工作。(強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀情況
迫使,是不得已而為之)
We must finish the work before lunch.我們必須在午飯前完成這項(xiàng)工作。(強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人主觀上
認(rèn)為必須要做,是自己對(duì)自己的要求)
You don't have to wear so many clothes.你沒必要穿那么多衣服。
You mustn't smoke here.你不準(zhǔn)在這里吸煙。
四、had better的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
She'd better get here soon or she'll miss the opening ceremony.她最好快點(diǎn)到這兒,否則她會(huì)錯(cuò)
過開幕式的。
You'd better not bother him because he is angry with you.你最好不要打擾他,因?yàn)樗谏?br/>的氣。
用法歸納
　　had better意為“最好;應(yīng)該”,后跟動(dòng)詞原形,常用來提出建議,或表示迫切的希望、警告
等,語氣較強(qiáng)。其中had沒有人稱
和數(shù)的變化。had better的簡(jiǎn)略式為“'d better”,否定形式為“⑥　　　　　　 ”。
had better not
五、need的用法
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
You needn't book the tickets in advance.你不必提前訂票。
—Need I finish the work today
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't.
——我需要今天做完這項(xiàng)工作嗎
——是的,你必須做完。/不,你不必。
The bike needs repairing.=The bike needs to be repaired.這輛自行車需要修理。
用法歸納
1.need意為“需要”,既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,又可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。
2.need作⑦　　　 動(dòng)詞時(shí),后跟動(dòng)詞原形,常用于否定句和疑問句中,其否定形式為needn't,
意為“不必”。用于疑問句時(shí),其肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。
3.need作⑧　　　 動(dòng)詞時(shí),后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式等作賓語,通常與一般動(dòng)詞
一樣構(gòu)成否定式和疑問式,有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。
情態(tài)　
實(shí)義
即時(shí)鞏固
Ⅰ.用下列詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(包含其否定形式)
be able to, have to, had better, dare, need
1.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will　　 　　 lift more
weights and you will become more physically fit.
2.(2022全國乙)Friendship 　　　　 care and attention to keep it in good health.
3.I don’t want to attend the meeting, but I 　　　　 , because it’s required by the director.
4.He 　　 　 　 be sent to hospital, as he’s seriously ill.
5.You 　　　　 not come to the meeting if you’re too busy.
6.You 　 　 　　 worry before you go to the new school, for your classmates there will be very friendly.
be able to
needs
have to
has to/had better
need
needn't/don't have to
7.If you 　　　　 do like that, you will be punished.
8.You 　 　 　　 go to school without breakfast for it s bad for your health.
9.I’d like to do more gardening, but I　　　 　 find the time.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.(2021新高考Ⅰ)爬完山,你一定要試試山腳下的溫泉。
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something 　　　　　　　　　　　 after the
climb.
2.當(dāng)她被父親責(zé)罵時(shí),她不敢看他一眼。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　 look at her father when she was scolded by him.
dare
had better not
am not able to
you must try
didn't dare to

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