資源簡介

(共43張PPT)
詞匯1　measure v.量,測量;(指尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等)量度為;估量,判定(價值、影響等) n.措
施,方法;尺度
It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.它(黑脈金斑蝶)用自己的眼睛來測量太陽的位置。(教材P67)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Life is not measured by the time we live.生命不是用我們活的時間(長短)來衡量的。 (讀后
續(xù)寫·人生哲理)
You don't have to measure yourself against the perfect standard.你不需要把自己和完美的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
相比較。
If we don't take measures to protect endangered species, we risk losing them forever.如果我們不
采取措施來保護(hù)瀕危物種,我們有永遠(yuǎn)失去它們的風(fēng)險。 (寫作·環(huán)境保護(hù))
高頻詞匯精講
高頻詞匯 情景破
用法歸納
①measure A　　　 B用B來衡量A
②measure A 　　　 B將A與B作比較
③take measures 　　　 sth.采取措施做某事
特別提醒
measure表示“(尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等)量度為”時,為連系動詞,一般不用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行
時,如果表示此意義的短語作后置定語,要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
The pond measures about 2 metres across.這個池塘寬約兩米。
詞匯拓展
①measurement n.[U]測量;度量 [C]尺寸;長度
②measurable adj.可測量的;顯著的
by　
against
to do
詞匯2　determine v.測定,確定;查明;決定
　　These two pieces of information...allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.這兩條信息
……讓黑脈金斑蝶得以判定前進(jìn)的方向。(教材P67)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Despite the challenges ahead, she determined to start her own business and become her own boss.
盡管未來面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn),她下定決心要創(chuàng)辦自己的企業(yè),成為自己的老板。
　　After a heated discussion, the whole group determined on an early start.經(jīng)過激烈的討論,全
組決定早點出發(fā)。
用法歸納
①determine　　　 sth.決定做某事
②determine 　　　 sth.就某事下定決心
to do
on
③determine how/what/who/whether... 查明……/決定……
詞匯拓展
①determined adj.堅決的;下定決心的
be determined to do sth.決心做某事
②determination n.決心;決定;果斷;堅定
詞匯3　amazing adj.驚人的,了不起的
The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in
serious trouble.黑脈金斑蝶這一驚人能力的奧秘被揭曉時,這一生物正處于水深火熱的生存
狀態(tài)中。(教材P68)
詞匯拓展
①amaze v.使驚奇
It amazes sb. that.../What amazes sb. is...……使某人驚奇。/使某人驚奇的是……
It amazed us that a random action of kindness could mean so much to the people who received it.
=What amazed us was that a random action of kindness could mean so much to the people who
received it.讓我們驚訝的是,隨意的善意之舉對接受它的人來說意義如此大。 (讀后續(xù)寫·人
生哲理)
②amazed adj.感到驚奇的;吃驚的
be amazed at/by...對……感到很驚訝
be amazed to do sth.對做某事感到驚訝
When I look back on those days, I am amazed at/by how many challenges I have been through.
當(dāng)我回顧那些日子時,我驚訝于自己經(jīng)歷了多少挑戰(zhàn)。
③amazement n.驚詫
(much) to one's amazement令某人(非常)驚訝的是
in/with amazement驚訝地
To my amazement, his opinion is similar to mine in many aspects.令我驚訝的是,他的觀點在
許多方面與我的相似。
He looked at me in/with amazement, and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me.他驚訝地看
著我,似乎沒有認(rèn)出我來。
詞匯4　survive v.活下來,幸存;幸免于難;比……活得長
The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep
its place in the natural world for a long time to come.我們對這種可愛的生物了解越多,它在未
來很長一段時間內(nèi)存活并且保持它在自然界的地位的可能性就越大。(教材P68)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I'm sure she will survive this crisis.我確信她會挺過這次危機(jī)的。
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. 西安城
墻是在中國悠久的歷史中幸存下來的最完整的城墻。 (2021全國甲)
John survived his wife by five years, during which time he was very lonely.約翰比他妻子多活
了五年,在此期間他很孤獨。
With three children to raise, it was difficult for the couple to survive on such a low income.由于
要撫養(yǎng)三個孩子,這對夫婦靠這么低的收入很難生存。
用法歸納
①survive sth.在某事中幸存;渡過難關(guān)
②A survive B　　 +一段時間 A比B多活一段時間
③survive　　 ... 依靠……生存
詞匯拓展
①survival n.生存;幸存
chance of survival存活的希望
survival rate存活率
②survivor n.幸存者
by
on
詞匯5　effect n.影響;結(jié)果
　　Then use the sentences to complete the “cause-effect” flow charts.然后用這些句子完成
這個“因果”流程圖。(教材P69)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, which have a great effect on
Chinese culture.李白一生寫下了大量優(yōu)秀的詩篇,對中國文化產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。 (寫作·
人物介紹)
In effect, you should set a goal for yourself the moment you enter high school.實際上,你一進(jìn)入
高中就應(yīng)該給自己設(shè)立一個目標(biāo)。
The agreement will not come into effect until both parties sign it.直到雙方在協(xié)議上簽字,它才
會生效。
Since the new management system was brought/put into effect, the production of this factory has
increased greatly.自從新的管理制度實施以來,這家工廠的產(chǎn)量大大提高了。
用法歸納
①have an effect 　　　 ... 對……有影響
②　　　 effect 實際上,事實上;在實行中,有效
③bring/put...　　　 effect 使……生效;實行……,實施……
④come　　　 effect 生效,開始實施
⑤take effect開始起作用;生效
詞匯拓展
①effective adj.有效的
②effectively adv.有效地;實際上
on
in
into
into
詞匯6　variety n.多樣性,變化
As the world's first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife, but it
is probably best known for its bears.作為世界上第一個國家公園,黃石公園以其野生動物的多
樣性而聞名,不過其中最廣為人知的大概還是那里的熊。(教材P74)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of/varieties of ranger programs throughout the park,
and throughout the year. 黃石國家公園全年在公園內(nèi)提供各種各樣的護(hù)林員項目。 (2023
新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)
用法歸納
a variety of=　　 　 of 各種各樣的
varieties
詞匯拓展
①vary v.(使)變化;不同
vary in...在……方面不同
vary with... 隨……而變化
vary from A to B/between A and B 從A到B不等;在A到B之間變化
These flowers vary in colour and size.這些花的顏色和大小各不相同。
Generally speaking, prices of fruit and vegetables vary with seasons.一般來說,水果和蔬菜的
價格隨季節(jié)而變化。
The duration of the concert varies from 2 hours to 4 hours, depending on the program.音樂會
的持續(xù)時間根據(jù)節(jié)目從2小時到4小時不等。
②various adj.各種各樣的
③variation n.變化;變體
詞匯7　concentrate v.專注,專心
While I was concentrating on photographingthis amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I
was being watched.當(dāng)我正專注于拍攝這一令人驚嘆的景色時,我突然有一種被注視著的感
覺。(教材P75)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
When giving praise, parents should be sincere and concentrate on the process instead of the re-
sult.當(dāng)給予表揚(yáng)時,父母應(yīng)該真誠,注重過程而不是結(jié)果。 (2019浙江)
If you don't concentrate your mind on your work, you will achieve nothing.如果你不把心思放在
工作上,你將一事無成。
用法歸納
①concentrate　　　 sth.(=focus on sth.)注重/重視某事;把注意力集中于某事
on
②concentrate one's mind/attention/energy　　　 (doing) sth.把某人的心思/注意力/精力集
中于(做)某事
詞匯拓展
①concentration n.專心;專注
②concentrated adj.專心致志的;全力以赴的(多用作定語)
on
詞匯8　freeze v.突然停止,呆住;結(jié)冰;凍僵
Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned... and froze.我慢慢地轉(zhuǎn)身,相機(jī)還
端在眼前……然后我僵住了。(教材P75)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The little match girl froze/was frozen to death on Christmas Eve.賣火柴的小女孩在圣誕節(jié)前夜
凍死了。
用法歸納
freeze 　　　 death/be　　　 to death凍死
特別提醒
freeze的過去式是froze,過去分詞是frozen。
to
frozen
詞匯拓展
①freezing adj.極冷的,冰凍的
freezing cold極其寒冷
②frozen adj.冷凍的;凍僵的
be frozen with shock驚呆了
be frozen with fear嚇呆了
When I heard the news, I was frozen with shock, unable to comprehend what I had just heard.
當(dāng)我聽到這個消息時,我驚呆了,無法理解我剛聽到的事情。 (讀后續(xù)寫·心理描寫)
③freezer n.冰柜
詞匯9　recover vi.(從糟糕經(jīng)歷中)恢復(fù);恢復(fù)健康 vt.重新獲得;找回;重新控制
When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.當(dāng)我從震驚中恢復(fù)過來時,我看
了看我的相機(jī)。(教材P76)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I'm relieved to learn that you have recovered from your illness.得知你已從病中康復(fù),我感到寬
慰。
She took a deep breath, trying to recover herself.她深吸了一口氣,試圖使自己鎮(zhèn)定下來。 (讀
后續(xù)寫·動作描寫)
用法歸納
①recover　　　 ...從……中恢復(fù)過來
②recover oneself　　　　　
from
鎮(zhèn)定下來
詞匯拓展
recovery n.恢復(fù);痊愈
make a recovery (from...)(從……中)恢復(fù)
My father has made a full recovery from the operation.我父親手術(shù)后已完全康復(fù)了。
詞匯10　shock n.吃驚,震驚;令人震驚的事;休克 v.使震驚;使氣憤
When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.當(dāng)我從震驚中恢復(fù)過來時,我看
了看我的相機(jī)。(教材P76)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I'm still in shock now after hearing that bad news.聽到那個壞消息后,我現(xiàn)在仍然處于震驚中。
The news of his death came as a shock to us all.他去世的消息讓我們大家都感到震驚。
用法歸納
①　　　 shock 處于震驚狀態(tài);休克
②...come as a shock　　　 sb.……讓某人震驚
in
to
詞匯拓展
①shocked adj.震驚的
be shocked at/by... 對……感到震驚
be shocked to do sth.做某事感到很震驚
We were shocked to see a man with only one arm climbing a mountain.我們驚訝地看到一個
只有一只手臂的人在攀登山峰。
②shocking adj.令人震驚的;令人氣憤的
Her parents were shocked by this shocking news but they, very soon, came to themselves and
dashed out of the house following Julie.她的父母被這一令人震驚的消息驚呆了,但很快,他們
明白過來,跟著朱莉沖出家門。(讀后續(xù)寫·動作描寫)
詞匯11　reaction n.(對某一情形或事件的)反應(yīng)
What is your opinion of the photographer's reaction when he saw the bear 你對攝影師看到熊時
的反應(yīng)有什么看法 (教材P77)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
People differ from each other in their reaction to this problem.人們對這一問題的反應(yīng)各不相
同。
Many plants could move northward in reaction to rising temperatures and changes in rainfall.作
為對氣溫升高和降雨量變化的反應(yīng),許多植物可能會向北移動。
用法歸納
①reaction 　　　 ... 對……的反應(yīng)
②　　　 reaction to...作為對……的反應(yīng);以應(yīng)對……
to　
in
詞匯拓展
react v.起反應(yīng);(對……)作出反應(yīng);回應(yīng)
react to對……作出反應(yīng)
react with與……產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)
react against反對;反抗
The experiment shows that iron reacts with air and water and rusts easily.實驗表明,鐵與空氣
和水發(fā)生反應(yīng),容易生銹。
Children sometimes react against the thing their parents believe in.孩子們有時反對他們的父
母所贊成的事情。
高頻詞匯積累
詞匯 釋義 用法&拓展
seek v.尋找,尋求 seek (for) sb./sth.尋找……
seek to do sth.試圖做某事
seek out挑選出;物色
seek one's help請求某人的幫助
seek one's advice征求某人的建議
seeker n.追求者
the likable and the status seekers討人喜歡的人和追求地位
的人(2019全國Ⅰ)
position n.位置;姿態(tài),姿勢;處境,狀況;
職位 v.安裝;安置;使處于 in/out of position 在/不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?br/>in a...position 在……的位置/處境
This put him and his colleagues in a difficult
position.這使他和他的同事陷入困境。
solution n.解決,解決方法 a solution to...……的解決辦法
solve vt.解決;處理
crash v.暴跌;碰撞,撞擊;崩潰 n.撞
車;碰撞;(倒下、破碎等突然
的)碰撞聲,破裂聲; 暴跌;倒
閉 crash into...撞上……
a car/plane crash 汽車撞車事故/飛機(jī)失事
destroy v.破壞,毀掉 易混辨析:
destroy:只能作動詞,表示“毀壞”,通常指徹底的毀掉或毀滅,往往暗示無法或很難修復(fù)。
damage:既可以是動詞也可以是名詞,表示“損害”“損壞”,通常是指部分性的損壞,往往暗示損壞后價值、效率、功能等會降低。
ruin:既可以是動詞也可以是名詞,表示“毀壞”“毀
滅”,指徹底的毀壞,破壞的原因通常是自然現(xiàn)象、年
齡、疏忽等。
destruction n.摧毀;毀滅;破壞
destructive adj.引起破壞(或毀滅)的;破壞(或毀滅)
性的
found v.創(chuàng)立,創(chuàng)建;把……建立在 found a club/company創(chuàng)辦一個俱樂部/公司
be founded on/upon...建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上(=be
based on...)
注意:found還是find(發(fā)現(xiàn))的過去式和過去分詞;
found表示“創(chuàng)建”時,其過去式及過去分詞為
founded—founded。
establish v.建立;創(chuàng)立;設(shè)立　set up 創(chuàng)建;設(shè)立
founder n.創(chuàng)建者;創(chuàng)始人
foundation n.建立;創(chuàng)辦;基礎(chǔ);地基
element n.基本部分,要素 the elements 天氣(尤指壞天氣)
brave the elements 不顧天氣惡劣,冒著風(fēng)雨
stare v.凝視,盯著看 易混辨析:
stare at意思為“盯住,凝視”。指出于驚奇、好奇、
粗魯無禮而瞪大眼睛看。
glare at意思為“怒視”。
glance at意思為“匆匆地瞥一下”,側(cè)重心不在焉、匆忙看一眼。
gaze at意思為“盯住,凝視”。指出于羨慕、感興
趣、關(guān)心等長時間目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看。
結(jié)構(gòu)1　“the+比較級...,the+比較級...”句型
The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its
place in the natural world for a long time to come.我們對這種可愛的生物了解越多,它在未來
很長一段時間內(nèi)存活并且保持它在自然界的地位的可能性就越大。(教材68)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it.你對我們的傳
統(tǒng)文化了解越多,你就會對它越感興趣。 (寫作·文化傳統(tǒng))
The more powerful our motherland is, the happier people will be.我們的祖國越強(qiáng)大,人民就越
幸福。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越仔細(xì),犯的錯誤就越少。
The more, the better.多多益善。
經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu) 情景破
用法歸納
“the+比較級...,the+比較級...”句型意為“　　 　　　 ”,表示后者隨著前者的變化而變化。若后面用一般將來時,前面常用　　　 時表將來。前后都可以有所省略,特別是在諺
語、俗語中。
結(jié)構(gòu)拓展
“比較級+and+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“越來越……”,如果是多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞,則用
“more and more+多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞原級”。
It is getting cooler and cooler.天氣越來越?jīng)鏊?br/> As the New Year neared, the children became more and more excited.隨著新年的臨近,
孩子們變得越來越興奮。 (讀后續(xù)寫·心理描寫)
越……,(就)越……
一般現(xiàn)在
結(jié)構(gòu)2　強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.畢竟我們才是它們世界的訪客。 (教材P7
6)
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
It was Tom that/who told me the exciting news yesterday.昨天是湯姆告訴了我這個令人興奮的
消息。 (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)
It was in the supermarket that we met each other for the first time.就是在這個超市里我們第一
次遇見了彼此。(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點狀語)
→Was it in the supermarket that you met each other for the first time 你們是在這個超市第一次
遇見彼此的嗎 (一般疑問句式)
→Where was it that you met each other for the first time 你們是在哪兒第一次遇見彼此的
(特殊疑問句式)
It was not until midnight that we went back home with the help of the police.直到半夜,我們才在
警察的幫助下回到家。
用法歸納
①陳述句式:It is/was+　　　　　 +that/who(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為主語,指人)+句子其余部分.
②一般疑問句式:　　　 it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為主語,指人)+句子其余部
分
③特殊疑問句式:　　　　　 +is/was it+that+句子其余部分
④對not...until...的強(qiáng)調(diào):It is/was　 　　 +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+句子其余部分.
特別提醒
(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷:將句中的It is/was和that/who去掉,如果句子剩下的部分不缺少任何成分,
被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分　
Is/Was　
特殊疑問詞　
not until
稍加調(diào)整后仍是一個完整的句子,那么這個句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,否則就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
(2)當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時,that/who之后的謂語動詞應(yīng)和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的人或物保持人稱、數(shù)的一致。
Sentence 1
譯文　這兩條信息——一天中的(不同)時間和太陽在天空中的位置——讓黑脈金斑蝶得以
判定前進(jìn)的方向。
Sentence 2
譯文　他們砍伐樹木,他們所用的化學(xué)制品殺死了黑脈金斑蝶幼蟲食用的植物。
長難句 圖解
定語
賓語補(bǔ)足語　
定語
定語
Sentence 3
譯文　如果這(些努力)產(chǎn)生效果,黑脈金斑蝶的數(shù)量在未來有可能會再次回升。
Sentence 4
譯文　當(dāng)我正專注于拍攝這一令人驚嘆的景色時,我突然有一種被注視著的感覺。
條件狀語　
定語
時間狀語
同位語
定語從句(2)(關(guān)系副詞)
引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞主要有when、where、why等,關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作狀語。
一、關(guān)系副詞的功能
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I cannot forget the day when I first saw you.我無法忘記第一次見到你的那天。
Describe an occasion when someone visited your home.描述一次某人訪問你家的情況。
This is the house where they lived a week ago.這是一個星期前他們住的那座房子。
I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions on my own.我已經(jīng)到了
人生中應(yīng)該自己做決定的階段了。
必備語法 情景破
The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their
work.公司老板在設(shè)法創(chuàng)造一種員工樂于工作的輕松氛圍。
The reason why I don't trust him is that he often tells lies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒謊。
用法歸納
時間狀語　
地點狀語　
二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的注意事項
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)1
This is the time when/at which she left for Beijing.這就是她動身去北京的時間。
He will always remember the day when/on which his father returned from Beijing.他將一直記得
父親從北京返回的那一天。
This is the town where/in which I was born.這就是我出生的城鎮(zhèn)。
The farm where/on which they work is not far from there.他們工作的那個農(nóng)場離那里不遠(yuǎn)。
原因狀語
The main reason why/for which he lost his job was that he often drank.他失去工作的主要原因
是他經(jīng)常酗酒。
用法歸納1
關(guān)系副詞when、where、why在定語從句中作狀語,可以用“介詞+which”代替。其中when
=表示④　　　 的介詞(如in、at、on、during等)+which;where=表示⑤　　　 的介詞(如
in、at、on、under等)+which;why=表示⑥　　　 的介詞(for)+which。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)2
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night 你記得我們整夜與彼此聊
天的那些日子嗎
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm 你記得我們在農(nóng)場一起度
過的那些日子嗎
時間　
地點
原因
I don't know the reason why he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他
沒向他的好朋友求助的原因。
I won't listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我不會聽信你提供給我們的那個理
由。
Can you recognize the house where you used to live with your parents 你能認(rèn)出你過去和父母
一起住的那座房子嗎
Can you recognize the house that/which Tom sold three years ago 你能認(rèn)出湯姆三年前賣掉的
那座房子嗎
用法歸納2
表示時間、地點及原因的名詞作先行詞時,定語從句可用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),也可用關(guān)系代詞引
導(dǎo)。若關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語,應(yīng)用⑦　　　 引導(dǎo)定語從句;若關(guān)系詞在定語從句中
作主語或賓語,則應(yīng)用⑧　　　 引導(dǎo)定語從句。
關(guān)系副詞
關(guān)系代詞
即時鞏固講
單句語法填空
1.(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants
and along rocks 　　　 tiny creatures lived.
2.(2021新高考Ⅰ)But like all performances, there are moments 　　　 things go wrong.
3.(2019江蘇)We have entered into an age 　　　 dreams have the best chance of coming true.
4.Self-driving is an area 　　　 China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
5.The reason 　　　 I'd like to invite you to attend it with me is that I know you are fond of
folk music.
6.That is the place 　　 　 all of us are eager to visit.
7.This is the reason 　　　 which the computer cannot entirely replace man.
where
when
when
where
why
that/which
for
8.I think this activity provides us with a platform 　　　 we can broaden our horizons and ap-
preciate the profound Chinese culture.
9.After living in Australia for many years, Louise finally returned to the country 　　　 which
she was born.
10.At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands(攤位) at 　　　 artists demonstrate
their skills and teach the visitors.
where
in
which

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