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1_Unit 1 A new start單元精講精練課件-外研版必修第一冊

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1_Unit 1 A new start單元精講精練課件-外研版必修第一冊

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(共71張PPT)
curious adj.好奇的(教材P1)
情景導學
If you are curious about the history of our school, you mustn't miss this excellent opportunity!如
果你對我們學校的歷史感到好奇,你一定不要錯過這個絕佳的機會!(寫作·邀請信)
The little boy's eyes grew wide at the sight of the box and he was curious to know what was in-
side it.一看到這個盒子,小男孩就瞪大了眼睛,好奇地想知道盒子里裝的是什么。(讀后續寫·
動作描寫)
用法歸納
①be curious     sth./sb.對某事/某人感到好奇
②be curious     sth.(因好奇)很想做某事
高頻詞匯精講
高頻詞匯 情景破
詞匯 1
about
to do
詞匯拓展
①curiosity n.好奇心,求知欲
out of curiosity出于好奇
satisfy/arouse/raise sb.'s curiosity滿足/引起某人的好奇心
②curiously adv.好奇地;奇怪地
Curiously enough, I didn't feel nervous at all when I faced the audience.說來也怪,當我面對觀
眾時,我一點兒也不緊張。 (讀后續寫·心理描寫)
impression n.印象,感想
What was your first impression of your new school 你對新學校的第一印象是什么 (教材
P1)
情景導學
My first impression of Mr Meng was that he was a white-haired old man with a friendly smile.我
對孟老師的第一印象是,他是一個面帶友好微笑的白發老人。 (讀后續寫·外貌描寫)
This experience left a deep impression on me, making me truly understand the meaning of love.
這段經歷給我留下了深刻的印象,使我真正理解了愛的意義。 (讀后續寫·個人感受)
用法歸納
①the/one's (first) impression     ...對……的(第一)印象
②leave/make a/an...impression     sb.給某人留下……的印象
詞匯 2
of
on
詞匯拓展
①impress v.使欽佩;使印象深刻;使明白(重要性或程度)
impress sb. with sth.某事給某人留下印象
be impressed with/by... 對……有深刻印象
impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人銘記某事;使某人意識到某事
I was deeply impressed with/by the 400-meter relay race, in which the four runners cooperated
perfectly and won first place. 400米接力賽給我留下了深刻的印象,在這場比賽中,四名選手完
美配合,贏得了第一名。 (寫作·比賽報道)
What my father said impressed the importance of honesty and kindness on me.父親說的話使
我認識到誠實和善良的重要性。
②impressive adj.令人欽佩的;給人印象深刻的
 breathe v.呼吸
With butterflies in my stomach, I breatheddeeply.由于心里發慌,我深呼吸。(教材P4)
情景導學
The doctor told me to breathe in deeply and then breathe out slowly.醫生叫我深吸氣,然后慢慢
地呼氣。
The drama club breathed new life into the students' after-school activities, giving them more op-
portunities to show their talents.戲劇俱樂部為學生們的課后活動注入了新的活力,給了他們更
多展示才華的機會。 (寫作·學校活動)
用法歸納
①breathe in/    吸氣/呼氣
②breathe (new) life    sth.給某物帶來起色,給某物注入(新的)活力
詞匯 3
out
into
詞匯拓展
①breath n.呼吸
take a deep breath深吸一口氣
hold one's breath屏住呼吸
catch one's breath歇一口氣
be/become out of breath氣喘吁吁,上氣不接下氣
be/become short of breath(因疾病、年邁等)呼吸困難;氣短
take one's breath away令人驚嘆;讓人嘆絕
All the participants held their breath when the final result was announced.宣讀最終結果時,所
有的參賽選手都屏住了呼吸。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
When we paused to catch our breath, Steve got down on one knee.當我們停下來喘口氣時,史
蒂夫單膝跪下。(2022全國甲)
②breathless adj.氣喘吁吁的;上氣不接下氣的
詞匯4  calm adj.鎮靜的,沉著的 v.(使)平靜,(使)鎮靜
Keep calm and be prepared.保持冷靜并做好準備。(教材P4)
情景導學
Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.謝天謝地,杰夫保持冷靜,迅速關掉
了煤氣。 (2021新高考Ⅰ)
The mother gently patted the boy's back to calm him down after he had a nightmare in the middle
of the night.男孩半夜做噩夢后,母親輕輕拍他的背,讓他平靜下來。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
As I calmed down, the day's events began to unfold in my mind.當我冷靜下來時,這一天發生的
事情開始在我的腦海中展開。 (讀后續寫·回憶)
用法歸納
①keep/stay/remain calm 保持冷靜
②calm (sb.)     (使某人)平靜/冷靜下來
詞匯拓展
①calmness n.冷靜,鎮定
②calmly adv.鎮定自若地;鎮靜地
down
詞匯5 confident adj.有信心的,自信的;確信的,有把握的
  He was not sure about life at senior high, but after the English class, he felt more confident.
他對高中的生活沒有把握,但上完英語課后,他感到更加自信。(教材P4)
情景導學
Though faced with many challenges, I'm confident about my ability to deal with them in the se-
nior high school.盡管面臨著許多挑戰,但我對自己在高中應對這些挑戰的能力有信心。
(寫作·學校生活)
Jess was confident of passing the driving test, since she had practiced for months.杰絲對通過駕
照考試有把握,因為她已經練習了幾個月。
用法歸納
①be confident     sb./sth.對某人/某事有信心
about
②be confident    (doing)...確信……;對(做)……有把握
③be confident that... 有信心……
詞匯拓展
①confidence n.信心;信任
have/lose confidence in...對……抱有/失去信心
with confidence懷有信心地
②confidently adv.確信地,肯定地;自信地
of
詞匯6 argue v.爭論,爭辯;論證
Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds!和學校最聰明的頭腦討
論本周最熱門的話題!(教材P7)
情景導學
Last Friday, our class had a heated debate, in which about 60 percent of students argued for the
use of mobile phones in school while 40 percent of students argued against it.上周五,我們班進
行了一場激烈的辯論,約60%的學生據理贊成在學校使用手機,40%的學生提出理由反對。
(寫作·報道)
Our family members argued with each other about/over whether children should share household
chores.我們的家庭成員就孩子們是否應該分擔家務互相進行了爭論。 (寫作·家庭生活)
My parents have always argued me into challenging myself, for which I'm really grateful.我
的父母一直說服我去挑戰自己,對此我非常感激。
用法歸納
①argue     (doing) sth.據理贊成(做)某事
argue    (doing) sth.據理反對(做)某事
②argue     sb. (about/over sth.)(就某事)與某人爭論
③argue sb.     /out of doing sth.說服某人做/不做某事
④argue that... 提出理由(或證據)說明……;認為……
for
against
with
into
詞匯拓展
argument n.爭論,爭辯;論點
an argument about/over...關于……的爭論/辯論
have an argument with sb. (about/over sth.) 與某人爭論(某事)
It is beyond argument that...無可爭辯的是……,毋庸置疑……
詞匯7 volunteer n.志愿者,義務工作者,自愿參加者 v.自愿做;義務做
In the UK and the US, senior high school students take part in various after-school activities,
such as club activities and volunteer work.在英國和美國,高中生參加各種各樣的課外活動,如
社團活動和志愿者工作。(教材P8)
情景導學
I often volunteer to do some cleaning work for the elderly at the nursing home.我經常義務為養
老院的老人做一些清潔工作。
用法歸納
volunteer    sth.(for/as...)(為/作為……)自愿/義務/無償做某事
to do
詞匯拓展
①voluntary adj.自愿的;志愿的
②voluntarily adv.自愿地;自動地;義務地
詞匯8 apply vi.& vt.申請;請求 vt.應用;涂抹;將……投入 vi.適用,有關聯
  After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college.課外活動在學生申請
大學時也有用。(教材P8)
情景導學
I'm writing to apply (to you) for the job advertised in the newspaper.我寫信是想(向您)申請在報
紙上登廣告的那份工作。 (寫作·求職信)
All students who are willing to offer a helping hand to others can apply to join the club.所有愿意
向他人伸出援手的學生都可以申請加入這個俱樂部。 (寫作·納新啟事)
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone, without exception.安全駕駛規則適用于每一個人,
沒有例外。
Only when you apply yourself to your study can you make great progress in a short time.只有當
你全身心投入學習中,你才能在短時間內取得很大的進步。 (寫作·建議信)
用法歸納
①apply (to sb.)     sth.(向某人)申請某事
②apply    sth.申請做某事
③apply    適用于
④apply oneself to (doing) sth.       (to為介詞)
⑤apply A to B 把A應用于B;把A涂抹到B上
for
to do 
to
專心致志于(做)某事

詞匯拓展
①applicant n.申請人
②application n.申請;申請書;應用
an application form申請表
情景助記
apply的不同詞義
詞匯9 schedule n.計劃表,進度表,日程表v.安排,為……安排時間
  However, they can take up a lot of time, so students have to learn to organise their busy
schedules.然而,它們會占用很多時間,因此學生必須學會安排繁忙的日程表。(教材P8)
情景導學
Having worked for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.工作了兩天,史蒂夫
設法如期完成了他的報告。
In spite of all the difficulties, we finished our task ahead of schedule.盡管有許多困難,我們還是
提前完成了任務。
As scheduled, we are to gather in the lecture hall in our school at 6:50 am.按照預定時間,我們將
于早上6:50在我們學校的演講廳集合。
The course is scheduled to be held in the school lecture hall from 4:00 p.m. to 4:45 p.m.every
Wednesday.該課程定于每周三下午4:00至4:45在學校演講廳進行。 (寫作·通知)
用法歸納
①    schedule(=on time)按預定時間,如期
②     /behind schedule先于/落后于預定時間
③be scheduled     sth.預計/安排做某事
④be scheduled for+時間 預定/安排在……(時間)
⑤    scheduled按照預定時間
情景助記
on
ahead of 
to do 
as
詞匯10 graduate v.畢業;逐漸發展 n.畢業生
  Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York.莉薩去
年六月畢業于我們學校,即將去紐約上大學。(教材P11)
情景導學
My brother graduated in law from Shandong University ten years ago.我哥哥十年前從山東大學
法律專業畢業。
After graduating from university, she has been working in a remote school, helping thousands of
children achieve their dreams.大學畢業后,她一直在一所偏遠的學校工作,幫助成千上萬的孩
子實現他們的夢想。 (寫作·人物介紹)
用法歸納
①graduate     從……(學校)畢業
from
②graduate     畢業于……(專業)
③graduate from...to... 從……過渡到……,由……發展成……
詞匯拓展
graduation n.畢業;畢業典禮
after graduation畢業之后
in
詞匯11 frightened adj.受驚的,害怕的
I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.我看到試卷就害怕了。(教材P11)
情景導學
The little girl was frightened of the dark, so she always slept with a night light on.這個小女孩怕
黑,因此她睡覺時總是開著一盞夜燈。
The girl was so frightened to walk into the doctor's office that her hands began to shake uncon-
trollably.這個女孩如此害怕走進診所,以至于她的手開始不受控制地顫抖起來。(讀后續寫·
動作描寫)
When he saw the bear in the forest, he was frightened to death.當他在森林里看見熊時,他
嚇得要死。
用法歸納
①be frightened    (doing)sth.害怕(做)某事
②be frightened     sth.害怕做某事
③be frightened     death嚇得要死
④be frightened that... 害怕……
詞匯拓展
①frighten v.使驚嚇;使驚恐
frighten away/off把……嚇跑;把……嚇得不敢(做某事)
frighten sb. into doing sth.把某人嚇得做某事
②fright n.驚嚇,恐怖;使人驚嚇的經歷
③frightening adj.使驚恐的;令人害怕的(常修飾物)
The frightening scene in the film frightened her into crying.電影中那可怕的場景把她嚇哭了。
of
to do 
to
詞匯12 particular n.細節 adj.特定的;挑剔的
Is there anything else in particular that you'd like to share with us 你還有任何其他特別想
和我們分享的事情嗎 (教材P12)
情景導學
As people often say, any exercise is better than none, but long-distance running in particular has a
lot of benefits.正如人們常說的,運動總比不運動好,特別是長跑有很多益處。
He is very particular about/over the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
他對廚房非常挑剔——每樣東西都必須一塵不染,并且在它應該在的地方。
用法歸納
①    particular尤其,特別
②be particular     /over對……講究/挑剔
in
about
詞匯拓展
particularly adv.特別,尤其
詞匯13 refer to參考,查閱;提到,談到;描述,涉及
Refer to the interview for ideas.參考這個采訪來獲取想法。(教材P13)
情景導學
I promised not to refer to the matter again.我答應過不再提這件事了。
Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.雖然她沒有提
到任何名字,但每個人都知道她指的是誰。
Can you refer me to someone who can provide more information about the program 你能把我介
紹給能提供更多有關該項目信息的人嗎
His teachers referred to him as a handful because he always caused trouble.他的老師把他稱為
“難搞的家伙”,因為他總是惹麻煩。 (讀后續寫·人物描寫)
用法歸納
①refer to...     ... 稱……為……
②refer...    ... 將……送交給……(以求獲得幫助等)
特別提醒
refer to作“查閱”講時,后接詞典、參考書等;而look up 表示“查閱”時,后接要查閱的內
容。refer to a dictionary/book=look up sth. in a dictionary/book。
詞匯拓展
reference n.參考,查閱;提及,談到
for reference以備參考,供查閱
in/with reference to(所述內容)關于
as
to
詞匯14 struggle v.& n.奮斗,拼搏;斗爭;搏斗
  The teacher found I was struggling with note-taking and told me to stop and just listen.老師
發現我疲于記筆記,讓我停下來聽。(教材P14)
情景導學
They have been struggling for freedom since last century.他們從上個世紀以來就一直為自由而
斗爭。
So sleepy was the boy that he had to struggle to keep his eyes open.這個男孩太困了,他不得不
努力睜著眼睛。
Steve struggled to his feet and hugged his neighbor tightly.史蒂夫掙扎著站起來,緊緊地擁抱他
的鄰居。(讀后續寫·動作描寫)
They struggled against/with the strong wind and finally reached the village.他們與狂風作斗爭,
最終到達了村莊。
用法歸納
①struggle     sth.努力做某事
②struggle     ... 為……而斗爭/奮斗
③struggle     one's feet掙扎著站起來
④struggle    sb./sth.與某人/某物作斗爭
⑤struggle with sb.與某人搏斗
to do 
for
to
against/with
詞匯15 look forward to(興奮地)期待,盼望
  I'm looking forward to it!我很期待!(教材P14)
情景導學
I'm looking forward to hearing from you.我期待著收到你的來信。
用法歸納
look forward to中的to為介詞,如果后接動詞,則應用    形式。
詞匯拓展
含有介詞to的其他常用搭配:
①devote oneself to... 獻身于……;致力于……
②be used to (doing)...習慣于(做)……
③stick to... 堅持……
動名詞
④lead to.../contribute to... 導致/促成……
⑤prefer...to... 比起……更喜歡……
⑥get down to... 開始做……
詞匯16 exchange v.& n.交流(信息、想法等);交換;兌換
exchange ideas交流想法(教材P16)
情景導學
It is a good idea to exchange your ideas with your parents because they have a wealth of life ex-
perience.與父母交流你的想法是個好主意,因為他們有豐富的生活經驗。 (寫作·建議信)
Before travelling to this country, you should go to exchange the RMB for dollars in the bank.在
去這個國家旅行之前,你應該去銀行把人民幣兌換成美元。
Last weekend, the students held a bake sale in exchange for funding to support the school's music
program.上周末學生們舉辦了一場烤餅義賣,以換取資金來支持學校的音樂項目。 (寫作·
報道)
用法歸納
①exchange sth.     sb.和某人交換某物;和某人交流某事
②exchange A     B 用A換取B
③    exchange for sth.作為某物的交換
④exchange students交換生
情景助記
exchange的不同詞義

with
for
in
高頻詞匯積累
詞匯 釋義 用法&拓展
tradition n.傳統 by tradition 按照傳統風俗
traditional adj.傳統的;習俗的
traditionally adv.傳統上
facility n.設施(常用復數形式) sports/leisure facilities體育/消閑設施
moment n.某一時刻 at the moment此刻,現在,目前
in a moment一會兒;立刻;馬上
for the moment暫時;目前
at the last moment在(重大事
情前的)最后一刻
eagerness n.熱切,渴望 in one's eagerness to do sth.急切地想做某事
eager adj.渴望的;熱切的
be eager for sth.渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
-ness表示“……的狀態、性質或特點”。如calmness冷
靜,coldness冷,冷淡,carelessness粗心,carefulness仔細,
helplessness無助。
explore v.考察,探險 exploration n.探索;勘探;探究
explorer n.考察者;探險者;勘探者
organise v.組織;安排;管理 organised adj.有組織的;有條理的
in organised groups在有組織的團體中(2022全國乙)
organisation n.組織;機構
panic n.驚恐,驚慌 v.(使)驚慌,驚慌失措 in panic驚慌地
get into a panic陷入恐慌
panic sb. into doing sth.使某人倉皇行事
注意:panic的過去式和過去
分詞均為panicked,現在分詞為panicking
challenge n.挑戰;質疑 vt.向(某人)挑戰;
對……懷疑 face/meet/accept/take up/take
on a challenge面對/迎接/接受挑戰
challenge sb. to sth.向某人挑戰某事
challenge sb. to do sth.向某人挑戰做某事
challenging adj.挑戰性的
challenger n.挑戰者
description n.描述,描寫,敘述,形容,說明 a detailed/full description of...
對……詳細的/詳盡的描述
a brief/general description of...
對……簡要的/概括性的說明
beyond description 難以描述,難以形容
describe v.描述,形容
sharp adj.敏銳的,聰明的;鋒利的,銳
利的;突然的;急劇的(生義);
鮮明的(生義);刻薄的(生義) have a sharp mind 有著敏銳的頭腦
a sharp knife 一把鋒利的刀
a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road道路上汽車數量的急劇減少(2020浙江)
a sharp contrast to 與……的鮮明對比
sharply adv.尖刻地;嚴厲地;猛烈地
sharpen v.(使)變得鋒利;(使)提高,改善
award n.獎,獎賞 v.授予;獎勵 win/receive/get an award for sth.因某事贏得/得到/獲得獎項award sb. sth.= award sth. to sb.授予某人某
物,獎勵某人某物
opportunity n.機會,時機 an opportunity to do sth.做某事的機會
chance n.機會
subscribe v.訂閱(報紙或雜志);定期交
納(會員費) subscribe to 定期訂購
subscriber n.(報刊的)訂閱人,訂購者,訂戶
subscription n.訂閱,訂購;(報
刊等的)訂閱費,訂購款
view n.(一次)觀看;視野;(個人的)
意見,見解;(從某處看到的)景
色,風景 vt.把……視為;看,觀
看 in view 在視線內
come into view 映入眼簾
in one's view 在某人看來
in view of... 鑒于……;考慮到……
be viewed as... 被看作……
former adj.從前的 the former前者
latter adj.后者的;后面的 n.
(剛提及的兩者中的)后者
the latter后者
sight n.看到,看見;視力范圍,視野;
視力;風景,名勝(常用復數) at the sight of 一看到……就……
lose sight of 看不見
catch sight of看見;發現
in sight看得見;在視野內
out of sight看不見;在視野外
figure v.認為,以為 n.數字;人物;體
形,身材 have a good figure 體形好
a leading figure 一位主要人物
figure out 弄清楚,弄明白;計算出
memorise v.記住,熟記 memory n.記憶,記憶力;回憶
memorable adj.值得紀念的;難忘的
performance n.(工作或活動中的)表現;表
演,演出 perform v.演出;運轉;做;執行
performer n.表演者,演員
結構1 “sb. was/were doing sth. when...”句型
I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.我正看著布
告欄上的照片,這時我聽到我身后有聲音。(教材P2)
I was organising my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge.我正在腦海中
組織語言,坐在我旁邊的女孩輕輕推了我一下。(教材P3)
情景導學
Henry was fixing his car when he heard the screams.亨利正在修理他的汽車,這時他聽見了尖
叫聲。 (2022新高考Ⅱ)
用法歸納
“sb. was/were doing sth. when...”句型常翻譯為“某人正在做某事,這時……”,when引導時
間狀語從句;主句常用      ,從句常用      。
經典結構 情景破
過去進行時
一般過去時
結構拓展
①sb.+be about to do sth. when...=sb.+be on the point of doing sth. when... 某人正要做某事,這
時……
I was about to give up the work when Mom's words came to my mind.
→I was on the point of giving up the work when Mom's words came to my mind.我正要放棄這
項工作,這時我想起了媽媽的話。
②sb. had just done sth. when... 某人剛做完某事,這時……
I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang.我剛做完試卷,這時鈴聲就響了。
結構2 “too...to...”結構
  I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! 當他做自我介紹時,我
太緊張了,所以沒注意聽!(教材P4)
情景導學
He was too scared to move an inch.他嚇得一動也不敢動。
The window was too small for him to get through.窗戶對他來說太小,他鉆不過去。
用法歸納
①“too...to...”結構意為“太……而不能……”。too是    ,后面接形容詞或副詞;to是
動詞不定式符號,后面接    。
②如果表達“對某人來說太……而不能……,太……以至于某人不能……”時,要在不定式
之前加上它的邏輯主語“for sb.”,這時變成“too+adj./adv.+for sb. to do sth.”結構。
副詞
動詞原形
結構拓展
(1)“too...to...”結構還可以與“...enough to...”結構和“so...that...”結構互相轉換。
The problem is too hard to work out.=The problem isn't easy enough to work out.這個問題太
難解決了。(注意:not后面的形容詞是too后面的形容詞的反義詞)
Tom is too young to go to school.=Tom is so young that he can't go to school.湯姆太小了不能
去上學。(注意:that后面的從句要用否定形式)
(2)“too...to...”結構在下列情況中表示肯定意義:
①當too后面接kind、anxious、glad、pleased、delighted、willing、eager等形容詞時,往往不
表示否定意義,此時too前通常有only、simply、just等詞修飾,這些詞加上too后相當于very,表
示肯定意義。
I am only too delighted to meet you again.我很高興再次見到你。
②“cannot/can never+動詞+too+adj./adv.+to do sth.”意為“再……做某事也不過分,越……
做某事越好”。
You cannot be too careful to drive your car when crossing the street.當你開車穿越街道時,越
當心越好。
Sentence 1
譯文 當我的英語老師走進教室時,我驚訝地發現,他就是我之前遇見的那個人。
Sentence 2
譯文 盡管我很尷尬,但他的話還是讓我放松了很多!
長難句 圖解
時間狀語 
原因狀語 
man
讓步狀語 
賓補
Sentence 3
譯文 回顧我的高中生活,我能給大家的最重要的建議就是作家瑪雅·安吉羅的精彩名言。
現在分詞 
定語
基本句子結構
一、英語句子的基本成分
構成句子的各個部分稱為句子成分。句子成分有主要成分與次要成分之分。主要成分是主
語(Subject)和謂語(Verb),次要成分是表語(Predicative)、賓語(Object)、定語(Attribute)、狀
語(Adverbial)、補足語(Complement)和同位語(Appositive)。
1.主語
情景導學
Snow is white.雪是白的。
She is my English teacher.她是我的英語老師。
Getting up early is good for your health.早起對你的健康有好處。
必備語法 情景破
To see is to believe.眼見為實。
The rich should help the poor.富人應該幫助貧窮的人。
What I need is time.我需要的是時間。
用法歸納
主語是句子陳述說明的主體對象(人或事物),屬于句子必不可少的標志性成分。主語可以由
名詞、①    詞、the+②    (名詞化的形容詞)、③    動詞(doing/to do)、
④    句、數詞等來充當,不論什么結構總體看都是名詞性質。
2.謂語
情景導學
We love China.我們愛中國。
He can speak English.他會說英語。

形容詞
非謂語 

We have finished reading this book.我們已經讀完了這本書。
用法歸納
謂語說明主語做什么或怎么樣。通常由動詞或動詞短語充當,位于主語之后。實義動詞可以
單獨作謂語;⑤    動詞和⑥    動詞需要和實義動詞一起構成謂語。
3.表語
情景導學
His words sounded reasonable.他的話聽起來是合理的。
She is in good health.她很健康。
My father is a professor.我父親是一位教授。
用法歸納
表語用以說明主語的身份、特征或狀態。一般位于系動詞之后,由⑦    詞、代詞、名
情態

形容
詞、分詞、數詞、動詞不定式、動名詞、⑧    詞短語、副詞及表語從句充當。
4.賓語
情景導學
She has a very pleasant smile.她笑得很燦爛。
I think (that) he is fit for this position.我認為他適合這個職務。
, please.請借給我你的詞典。
用法歸納
賓語表示動作的對象或承受者,一般位于及物動詞或介詞后面。常由⑨    詞、代詞、
動名詞、動詞不定式或相當于名詞的詞組或從句等充當。
(1)直接賓語表示動作的承受者或結果,通常指     。
(2)間接賓語表示動作的接受者或指向,通常指     ,它位于直接賓語之前;位于直接賓




語之后時,其前面常加介詞to或for。
5.賓語補足語
情景導學
His father named him Dongming.他的父親給他取名叫東明。
They painted their boat white.他們把船漆成了白色。
用法歸納
補充說明賓語的成分叫賓語補足語。一般由     詞、     詞、動詞不定式
(短語)、副詞、分詞和介詞短語等充當。
6.定語
情景導學
China is a developing country while America is a developed country.中國是一個發展中國家,而

形容
美國是一個發達國家。
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.我們的班長總是第一個進入教室。
用法歸納
修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、副詞、
       、動名詞、     詞、介詞短語和從句等充當。單個詞作定語時通常
放在它所修飾的詞之前;短語和從句作定語時常放在其所修飾的詞之后。
7.狀語
情景導學
I am very pleased to see you.見到你我非常高興。
I'll be back in a while.我一會兒就回來。
動詞不定式(短語)

用法歸納
修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態特征的句子成分,叫作狀語。一般由
    詞、形容詞、動詞不定式、分詞、介詞短語、從句等充當。
8.同位語
情景導學
We have two children, a boy and a girl.我們有兩個孩子,一個男孩和一個女孩。
The news that he had passed the exam delighted his mother.他通過考試的消息使他母親很高
興。
用法歸納
同位語通常位于名詞或代詞之后,對該詞作進一步解釋說明。可以作同位語的有名詞短語、
代詞、數詞、     等。

從句
二、七種基本句型
1.主謂(SV)
情景導學
S V(不及物動詞)
Time flies.
用法歸納
此句型的句子有一個共同特點:句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫作
   動詞。
不及物
S V(不及物動詞) A
She sings beautifully.
2.主謂狀(SVA)
情景導學
用法歸納
不及物動詞后面可以跟     詞、介詞短語等。

S V(及物動詞) O
Who knows the answer
3.主謂賓(SVO)
情景導學
用法歸納
此句型的句子有一個共同特點:謂語動詞都是     動詞,都是主語產生的動作,但不能
表達完整的意思,必須跟有一個賓語,即動作的承受者,才能使意思完整。
及物
4.主謂賓狀(SVOA)
情景導學
S V(及物動詞) O A
I wrote a letter yesterday.
用法歸納
此句型的句子有一個共同特點:謂語動詞是及物動詞,其后接賓語,副詞、介詞短語等作
   語。

5.主謂雙賓語(SVIODO)
情景導學
S V(及物動詞) IO(間接賓語, 多指人) DO(直接賓語,多指物)
I told him how to run the machine.
用法歸納
此句型的句子有一個共同特點:謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。  
  賓語指的是動作的對象、承受者或后果;     賓語表示動作是向某人或為某人
做的,兩個賓語之間的位置一般可通過增加介詞而互換。
直接
間接
  注意: 雙賓語易位時需借助to的常用動詞:give、lend、hand、offer、pass、promise、
send、show、teach、tell等;雙賓語易位時需借助for的常用動詞:buy、cook、find、get、
make、order、spare等。
She passed him the salt.=She passed the salt to him.她把鹽遞給了他。
Her uncle bought her an English-Chinese dictionary yesterday.=Her uncle bought an English-
Chinese dictionary for her yesterday.昨天,她叔叔給她買了一本英漢詞典。
6.主謂賓賓補(SVOOC)
情景導學
S V(及物動詞) O OC
We keep the table clean.
用法歸納
此句型的句子有一個共同特點:動詞雖然是及物動詞,但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的
意思,必須加上一個補充成分來補足     語,才能使意思完整,且賓語和補充成分的位
置不能互換。

7.主系表(SVP)
情景導學
S V(系動詞) P
Everything looks different.
用法歸納
此句型的句子有一個共同特點:句子的系動詞不能單獨表達一個完整的意思,必須加上一個
表明主語身份或狀態的     語,才能表達完整的意思。

即時鞏固講
Ⅰ.寫出下列句子的句型結構
S: 主語 V: 謂語 O: 賓語 P: 表語
A: 狀語 IO: 間接賓語 DO: 直接賓語
OC: 賓語補足語
1.(2023全國乙)She studied all the hair products at the drugstore.   
2.(2023新課標Ⅰ)On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minneso-
ta.   
3.(2022新高考Ⅰ)It was the day of the big cross-country run.    
4.(2021新高考Ⅰ)Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.   
5.(2020全國Ⅰ)My mom told me how to prepare it.   
SVOA
SVA
SVP
SVOOC
SVIODO
6.Tom bought a new book.   
7.The company will offer the local people sports facilities.   
Ⅱ.用本單元所學單詞翻譯句子
1.海豚是一種聰明的動物。(主系表)

2.他登上舞臺前深呼吸。(主謂狀)

3.他決定冷靜地面對這些挑戰。(主謂賓狀)

4.志愿者們給孩子們買了一些禮物。(主謂雙賓語)

SVO
SVIODO
The dolphin is an intelligent animal.
He breathed deeply before he went onto the stage.
He decided to face the challenges calmly.
Volunteers bought the children some gifts.
5.彈鋼琴總是讓他很開心。(主謂賓賓補)

Playing the piano always makes him very happy.

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