資源簡介

(共40張PPT)
高頻詞匯精講
sorrow n.悲傷;悲痛;傷心事 vi.感到悲傷
Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.另一些(詩)試圖表達某些情感,比如
喜悅和悲傷。 (教材P50)
情景導學
If we are close friends, we should share the joys and sorrows.如果我們是密友,我們就應該同甘
共苦。 (寫作·友誼)
To his great sorrow, his father died in a car accident last week.令他悲痛萬分的是,他的父親上
周喪生于車禍。
高頻詞匯 情景破
詞匯 1
Hearing the news, she was in sorrow with tears rolling down her cheeks.聽到這個消息,她很難
過,眼淚順著臉頰流下來。
用法歸納
①　　 sorrow處于悲痛中
②　　 one's (great/deep) sorrow令某人(極其)悲痛的是
③share the joys and sorrows (with sb.) (和某人)同甘共苦
詞匯拓展
①sorrowful adj.悲傷的;悲痛的;悲哀的
Seeing her sorrowful eyes, her sister came up to comfort her with a warm hug.看到她悲傷的
眼睛,姐姐走上前去安慰她,給了她一個溫暖的擁抱。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
②sorrowfully adv.悲哀地
in
to
be made up of由……組成(構成)
Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of
five lines.另一種業余愛好者能很容易地寫出來的簡體詩是五行詩,它是由五個詩行組成的。
(教材P51)
情景導學
Experienced doctors and volunteers make up the rescue team.經驗豐富的醫生和志愿者組成了
這支救援隊。
=The rescue team is made up of experienced doctors and volunteers.這支救援隊由經驗豐富的
醫生和志愿者組成。
With life being made up of ups and downs, it is not always easy to maintain a positive attitude.生
活充滿了起起落落,保持一種積極向上的態度并不總是容易的。
詞匯 2
用法歸納
be made up of的主動語態形式為　　 ,意為“組成,構成”。
特別提醒
consist of也表示“由……組成(構成)”, 但consist of不用于被動語態,作后置定語時要用con-
sisting of。
情景助記
B make up A=A is made up of B=A consists of B

make up
sympathetic adj.同情的;有同情心的;贊同的
In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children's feelings.在這些
詩中,詩人泰戈爾對兒童的情感表現出同情的理解。 (教材P53)
情景導學
The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel aban-
doned.在新環境中的朋友應該贊同這一事實:你的朋友可能感覺到被拋棄。 (2022全國乙)
用法歸納
be sympathetic　　 /towards...同情……;贊同……
詞匯拓展
①sympathy n.同情;贊同
have sympathy for sb.同情某人
詞匯 3
to
out of sympathy(for...)出于(對……的)同情
in sympathy with/out of sympathy with贊成/不贊成;支持/不支持
We had heartfelt sympathy for the victims of the earthquake.我們對地震的罹難者表示由衷
的同情。
Out of sympathy for the homeless children, he put them up for the night.出于對這些無家可歸
的孩子的同情,他留他們過夜。
The majority of people interviewed were in sympathy with the new proposal.接受采訪的大多
數人都贊成這個新的建議。 (寫作·表達觀點)
②sympathetically adv.富有同情心地
innocence n.天真;單純;無罪
The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.原因是
他們可以感受愛的溫暖,享受童年的天真。 (教材P53)
情景導學
I'm sorry, but I said that in all innocence.對不起,但是我那樣說完全沒有惡意。
用法歸納
　　 all innocence完全沒有惡意
詞匯拓展
①innocent adj.天真無邪的;無罪的;無辜的;清白的 n.無辜者,單純的人
be innocent of沒犯……罪
The suspect claimed to be innocent of the robbery, but no one believed him.該犯罪嫌疑人聲
詞匯 4
in
稱他沒有犯搶劫罪,但沒人相信他的話。
When she saw her mother coming back home, the little girl's innocent face glowed with joy.當
這個小女孩看見媽媽回到家時,她天真無邪的臉上洋溢著喜悅。 (讀后續寫·神態描寫)
②innocently adv.故作天真地;佯裝無知地
He took a deep breath and told his mother innocently, “I didn't do it.”他深吸一口氣,裝作若
無其事地告訴媽媽:“這不是我做的。”
③常見的以-ce結尾的名詞轉換為以-t結尾的形容詞:
absence—absent(缺席的)
brilliance—brilliant(巧妙的)
confidence—confident(自信的)
distance—distant(遙遠的)
intelligence—intelligent(聰明的)
patience—patient(有耐心的)
significance—significant(顯著的)
silence—silent(安靜的)
violence—violent(暴力的)
correspondence n.來往信件;通信聯系
Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.布朗寧
喜歡上了她的詩歌,然后他們就開始了私人通信。 (教材P53)
情景導學
We work as volunteers and have been in correspondence with these kids for months. We know
they are thirsty for knowledge.我們作為志愿者工作,并且和這些孩子通信好幾個月了。我們
知道他們渴求知識。 (寫作·志愿者活動)
用法歸納
①　　 correspondence with和……通信
②keep up a correspondence保持通信聯系
詞匯 5
in
詞匯拓展
①correspond vi.通信;符合,相一致;相當于
correspond with/to與……一致/相符
correspond to類似于;相當于
correspond with和……通信
His story of what happened that night doesn't correspond with/to the witness's version.他對那
晚發生的事的敘述與證人的說法不相符。
②corresponding adj.相應的;相關的
The profits of this company have risen by 20 percent compared with the corresponding period
last year.與去年同期相比,這家公司的利潤增長了20%。
③correspondent n.記者;通訊員
a foreign correspondent駐外記者
variation n.變化;變體;差異;變奏曲
Dream Variation, for example. It was one of his most celebrated poems.例如《夢的變奏》。這
是他最著名的詩歌之一。 (教材P58)
情景導學
The survey found a great variation in the quality of the food.調查發現食品的質量存在很大的差
異。 (寫作·食品安全)
It is probable that this kind of fish is a variation of the ancient creature.這種魚可能是古代生物
的變種。
用法歸納
①a variation　　 ...……的變種
②a variation　　 ...……方面的變化/差異
詞匯 6
of
in
詞匯拓展
①vary v.不同;相異;變化;改變
vary in...在……方面不同
vary with...隨著……變化
vary from...to...從……到……不等
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.正如口語一樣,身體語
言也因文化而異。
②variety n.不同種類;多樣性;變化
a variety of=varieties of各種各樣的
The movie club in our school offers a variety of/varieties of activities to students.我們學校的
電影俱樂部給學生們提供了各種各樣的活動。 (寫作·校園生活)
③various adj.不同的;各種各樣的
We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.也許我們有各種各樣的方法來應對
這一情況。
高頻詞匯積累
詞匯 釋義 用法& 拓展
drama n.戲;劇;戲劇藝術 dramatic adj.突然的;激動人心的;戲劇的;戲劇性的
dramatically adv.急劇地;戲劇性地
imagery n.形象的描述;意象;像 poetic imagery詩的意象
imagine v.想象;設想　imagination n.想象力;想象
literary adj.文學的;愛好文學的;有文
學作品特征的 literary works/criticism文學作品/評論
a simple literary form簡單的文學形式(2023全國甲)
literature n.文學;著作
nursery adj.幼兒教育的 n.托兒所;保育室 nursery rhyme童謠;兒歌
nurse n.護士 v.看護;照料
nursing n.護理;看護
folk adj.民間的;民俗的;普通百姓的 folk music/tales/art民間音樂/民間傳說/民間藝術
recite v.背誦;吟誦;列舉(生義) recite...to sb.向某人背誦……;向某人列舉……
recitation n.朗誦;逐一列舉
前綴re-表示“再;重新”。
如:rebuild重建;recycle回收利用,再利用;retell復述;
review復習,回顧
dawn n.黎明;開端;萌芽 at dawn在黎明時
the dawn of...……的開端
amateur n.業余愛好者 adj.業余的;業余愛好的 an amateur photographer業余攝影愛好者
professional n.專業人士;職業選手 adj.專業的;職業的
mood n.情緒;心情;語氣 in a good/bad mood心情很好/很糟
tease v.取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄;梳理(生義) tease out梳理,梳通;探討,深入研究
teasing adj.調侃的;戲謔的
respective adj.分別的;各自的 respectively adv.分別;各自;依次為
My two daughters are five and seven years old respectively.
我的兩個女兒分別是5歲和7歲。
delicate adj.精美的;精致的;脆弱的 delicately adv.精美地;精致地;微妙地
delicacy n.柔軟(性);脆弱;嬌嫩
await vt.等候;等待;將發生在 A surprise awaited them.一件意想不到的事等著他們。
wait v.等;等待;等候
revolve vi.旋轉;環繞;轉動 revolve around/round...圍繞……旋轉;以……為中心
revolving adj.旋轉的　a revolving chair轉椅
utter vt.出聲;說;講 adj.完全的;十足的;徹底的 utter a cry發出喊叫聲
utterly adv.完全地;徹底地
core n.核心;精髓;(水果的)核兒
adj.核心的 the core of...……的核心
core values核心價值觀
blank n.空白;空格 adj.空白的;無圖畫(或韻律、裝飾)的;沒表情的;茫然的(生義) go blank(大腦或屏幕等)一片空白
a blank look/expression茫然的神色
the blank space空白處(2022新高考Ⅱ)
blankly adv.面無表情地;茫然地
blankness n.空白
contest n.比賽;競賽;競爭 vt.爭取贏得(比賽、選舉等);爭辯 win/lose a contest贏得/輸掉比賽
a contest for爭奪……的競爭
polish vt.修改;潤色;拋光 n.上光劑;拋 光;擦亮 polish sth. (up)修改;潤色
polish sth. (up) with...用……擦亮某物
polish sth. off很快做完;(尤指)迅速吃光
furniture/floor/shoe polish家具上光劑/地板蠟/鞋油
string n.細繩;線;一串;一系列 vt.懸掛;系 adj.弦樂器的;線織的 a string of一連串;一批
a string of foreign aid workers一批外國救援人員(2020新高考Ⅰ)
complicated adj.復雜的;難懂的 complicate v.使復雜化
complication n.使更復雜化的事物
prejudice n.偏見;成見 vt.使懷有(或形成)偏見 without prejudice不損害其他權益;無損于合法權利
prejudiced adj.有偏見的;帶成見的;偏愛的;偏心的
“主語+be動詞+形容詞+不定式”結構
The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and re-
cite.這些詩可能沒有意義,甚至看起來自相矛盾,但它們很容易學習和背誦。(教材P50)
情景導學
He is always particular about everything; that is, he is hard to deal with.他總是對一切都挑剔,也
就是說他很難對付。
Sending messages to take part in the programme is not easy for the old to do.對老人來說,發信息
參與節目不容易。
用法歸納
在“主語+be動詞+形容詞+不定式”結構中:
經典結構 情景破
結構
①不定式和句子主語是邏輯上的被動關系,但用主動形式表示被動意義。
②不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞時, 其后一般需要加上相應的　　 。
③不定式有時會帶有自己的邏輯主語,這個邏輯主語常用介詞　　 引出。
④該結構中的形容詞用來說明不定式的特征,常見的此類形容詞有difficult、hard、easy、
good、pleasant、interesting等。
結構拓展
“主語+be動詞+形容詞(+for sb.)+不定式”結構可轉換為“It+be動詞+形容詞(+for sb.)+不
定式”結構。
Lily is warm-hearted and easy to get on with.=Lily is warm-hearted and it is easy to get on
with her.莉莉很熱心并且容易相處。(寫作·人物介紹)
介詞
for
Sentence 1
譯文　“清單詩”是最簡單的詩歌形式之一,它包含一份有關事物、人物、想法或描述性內
容的清單,形成一個特定主題。
長難句 圖解
非限制
性定語
定語
Sentence 2
譯文 (對于)業余詩人(而言)容易創作的另一種簡體詩是五行詩,它由五個詩行構成。
定語
非限制
性定語
Sentence 3
譯文　它易于創作,而且像五行詩一樣,寥寥數語即可展現一個清晰的畫面,表達一種特殊的
情感。
狀語
Sentence 4
譯文　有這么多不同種類的詩歌可以選擇,你最終可能想寫你自己的詩了。
動詞不
定式
定語從句
在主從復合句中,擔任定語功能的從句叫作定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語
從句位于先行詞之后。定語從句的引導詞有關系代詞和關系副詞兩類。
一、定語從句的分類
情景導學
She is the nurse who looks after the children.她就是照料這些孩子的護士。
This letter is from my sister, who is working in a factory.這封信是我的姐姐寄來的,她正在一家
工廠工作。
Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior.學生應牢記那些規
范自己行為的準則。
必備語法 情景破
I gained a better understanding of Irish culture during the festival, which has great significance
for the cultural exchanges between China and Ireland.在節日期間,我對愛爾蘭文化有了更好的
了解,這對中國和愛爾蘭之間的文化交流具有重要意義。
用法歸納
根據定語從句與先行詞之間關系的緊密程度,定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定
語從句。①　　　　　　 緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號分開,從句刪除后會影響整個
句子的表達;②　　　　　 　 與主句之間通常用逗號分開,起補充說明作用,如刪除,意思仍
完整。
二、關系代詞的用法
1.關系代詞的具體用法
情景導學
As is known to all, China is in the east of Asia.眾所周知,中國位于亞洲東部。
限制性定語從句
非限制性定語從句
Do you know everybody that came to the party 你認識來參加聚會的每個人嗎
The man (who/whom) you met just now is called Jim.你剛才遇見的那個人叫吉姆。
This is the present(that/which) Jack gave me for my birthday.這是杰克送給我的生日禮物。
What's the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor 那個妹妹是醫生的年輕人叫什么名
字
It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn't been on the stage here.很難說出一位沒有登上過這
里的舞臺的喜劇明星的名字。 (2022全國甲)
用法歸納
引導定語從句的關系代詞有that、which、who、whom、whose、as。
(1)that既可指物,也可指人,在定語從句中作主語、③　　 、表語,作賓語時可省略。
(2)which指物,在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語,作④　　 時,在限制性定語從句中可省略。
賓語
賓語
(3)who和whom指人,⑤　　 在定語從句中作主語或賓語;⑥　　 在定語從句中只能作賓
語。
(4)whose指人或物,在定語從句中作⑦　　 ,后面一定緊跟名詞。
(5)as指人、物或事,在定語從句中作主語或賓語。
2.宜用that不宜用which的情況
情景導學
This is the only bike that I can afford.這是我能買得起的唯一的自行車。
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop 你有什么東西要在商店里買嗎
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.這是我讀過的最有趣的一本書。
I can remember well the persons and pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚地記得我在那個
房間見到的人和照片。
who
whom
定語
用法歸納
(1)先行詞是all、few、little、nothing、everything、⑧　 　 等不定代詞時,宜用that不宜用
which。
(2)先行詞被⑨　 　 、the very、no等修飾時,宜用that不宜用which。
(3)先行詞被序數詞或⑩　　 　 　 修飾,或先行詞本身是序數詞或形容詞最高級時,宜用
that不宜用which。
(4)先行詞 　　　 　　 時,宜用that不宜用which。
3.宜用which不宜用that的情況
情景導學
This is the room in which the great scientist lived.這是這位偉大的科學家居住過的房間。
China Today attracts a worldwide readership, which shows more and more people in the world
want to learn about China.《今日中國》吸引了世界各地的讀者,這表明世界上越來越多的人
想了解中國。
anything
the only
形容詞最高級
既有人又有物
用法歸納
(1)引導 　　　 　 時,宜用which不宜用that。
(2)關系代詞前有 　　 時,宜用which不宜用that。
(3)先行詞本身是that時,宜用which不宜用that。
(4)關系代詞后有插入語時,宜用which不宜用that。
4.宜用who不宜用that的情況
情景導學
There are many young men who are against him.有許多年輕人反對他。
Those who have good manners will be respected.那些有禮貌的人會受到人們的尊重。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job signs here.想要申請這份工作的人在這里簽名。
非限制性定語從句
介詞
用法歸納
(1)先行詞是指人的不定代詞one、ones、 　　 等時,宜用who不宜用that。
(2)先行詞是指人的 　 　 時,宜用who不宜用that。
(3)存現句中,主語是指人的名詞時,宜用who不宜用that。
5.as引導的定語從句
情景導學
I have got into the same trouble as he has.我惹了和他一樣的麻煩。
As was expected, he succeeded at last.正如我們所料,他終于成功了。
We don't have so much food as you need.我們沒有你需要的那么多食物。
You can take as many candies as you want.你想拿多少糖果就拿多少糖果。
anyone
those
Such reasons as we give can persuade him to give up this foolish plan.我們給出的這些理由可以
說服他放棄這個愚蠢的計劃。
My grandfather is fond of talking about the good old days, as is often the case with old people.我
爺爺喜歡談論過去的美好時光,這種情況在老年人中較為常見。
用法歸納
(1)as引導限制性定語從句時,先行詞有as、so、such或the same修飾。
(2)as引導非限制性定語從句時,意為“ 　　 ”,指代的是整個主句的內容。常用的表達有:
as is often the case情況常常是這樣
as has been said before正如之前所說
as is reported/expected正如報道/預料的那樣
as we all know=as is known to us all眾所周知
正如;正像
三、關系副詞的用法
情景導學
Do you know the date when he was born 你知道他的生日在哪一天嗎
The reason why I don't trust him is that he often tells lies.我不信任他的原因是他經常撒謊。
This couple have reached the point where they have to separate from each other.這對夫妻已經到
了必須分居的地步。
Opposite is St. Paul's Cathedral, where/in which you can hear some lovely music.對面是圣保羅
大教堂,在那里你能聽到一些優美的音樂。
用法歸納
(1)當先行詞是表示時間、地點或原因(一般為reason)的名詞,并且定語從句中缺少狀語時,用
關系副詞引導定語從句。引導定語從句的關系副詞有 　　 、where、why。有時可用
“ 　　 　　 ”結構替換關系副詞。
when
介詞+which
(2)當先行詞為一些表示抽象地點的名詞,如point、situation、case、stage、 condition等時,如
果關系詞在從句中作狀語,常用關系副詞 　 　 引導定語從句;如果作主語、賓語或表語,
則用關系代詞that或which引導定語從句。
(3)why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
四、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句
情景導學
I'll never forget the time during which I lived in the country.我永遠不會忘記我在鄉村生活的那
段時光。
The leather shoes trade is the career to which the Greens are devoted.皮鞋生意是格林一家非常
投入的事業。
The colorless gas without which we can't live is called oxygen.這種離開它我們就不能存活的無
色氣體被稱為氧氣。
where
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在昏暗的街道上,
沒有一個她可以求助的人。
用法歸納
“介詞+關系代詞”引導定語從句時,若先行詞指人,關系代詞常用 　　 ;若先行詞指物,
關系代詞常用which。“介詞+關系代詞”中介詞的確定應依據與先行詞搭配的具體意義、
定語從句中動詞或形容詞的某種習慣搭配以及句子所表達的意思。
特別提醒
有些“動詞+介詞”短語中的介詞若提前將會失去短語動詞的意義,因此不可把介詞置于關
系代詞前。
whom
即時鞏固
單句語法填空
1.(2023北京)Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 　　　　 thou-
sands were attending a water conference.
2.(2022全國甲)On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 　　　　 lost his
eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
3.(2021天津3月)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from
　　　 we can learn without repeating them.
4.Anyone　　　　 breaks the law should be punished.
5.Miss Lin is such a good teacher 　　　　 we love and respect.
6.I live next door to a couple 　　　　 children often make a lot of noise.
where
who
which
who
as
whose
7.　　　　 the old saying goes, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
8.The man with 　　　　 you shook hands just now is head of our department.
9.He talked about the people and books 　　　　 interested him greatly in the school.
10.The reason 　　　　 he was late for the meeting was that he was held up by a traffic jam.
11.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, 　　　　 the weather may be better.
12.Nowadays many old people don't like the way in 　　　　 some children talk to their par-
ents.
13.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill　　　　 which school education de-
pends.
14.In 1971, the Apollo 15 staff left a sculpture to honor those 　　　　 had died in the space
exploration.
As
whom
that
why
when
which
on/upon
who
15.To get her attention, I began to do a magic trick, 　　　　 has made her scared and anxious
look replaced with loud laughter.
which

展開更多......

收起↑