資源簡介

(共42張PPT)
Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chi-
nese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.來中國之前,我只在美國接觸過一次中
式烹飪,那里的中國食物為了適應美國人的口味已經被改變了。(教材P26)
情景導學
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.許多人在晚上睡覺前喜
歡聽令人放松的音樂。(2021北京)
Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems.在那
高頻詞匯精講
高頻詞匯 情境破
詞匯 1 prior adj.先前的;優先的
之前,我唯一接觸過的歷史巨作是《荷馬史詩》。
用法歸納
①prior notice/warning/arrangement預先通知/警告/安排
②　　　　 在……之前的(其中　　 是介詞,后接名詞、　　 或　　 )
詞匯拓展
priority n.優先事項;最重要的事;優先;優先權
take priority over...優先于……
The development of a new vaccine will take priority over all other medical research.研制新的
疫苗將排在其他一切醫學研究之前。
prior to
to
代詞
動名詞
For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists
of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.例如,在美國最受歡迎
的中國菜是“左公雞”,它是在油炸的雞肉上淋上甜醬,再用煸炒過的紅辣椒調味制成的。
(教材P26)
特別提醒
consist of不能用于被動語態和進行時態。
詞匯拓展
①consist of=be composed of=be made up of由……組成(或構成)
Life consists of/is composed of/is made up of not only the survival, but also poetry and the dis-
tance.生活不只有(眼前的)茍且,還有詩和遠方。
詞匯 2 consist of 由……組成(或構成)
②consist in...=lie in...在于……
As an old saying goes, the secret of getting ahead consists in/lies in getting started.俗話說:領
先的秘訣在于開始。 (寫作·格言)
Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced
Chinese green onions.后來,我得知山東最有名的食物是煎餅卷大蔥。 (教材P26)
情景導學
Cut the bread into thin slices.把面包切成薄片。
Our firm is well placed to grab a large slice of the market.我們公司處境有利,足以獲得巨大的
市場份額。
Slice a piece off/away.切下一片。
Slice (up) the cucumber thinly.把黃瓜切成薄薄的片。
By using new technologies, we were able to slice ￡10,000 off the cost of the project.通過使用新
技術,我們把這個項目的費用降低了一萬英鎊。
詞匯 3 slice n.(切下的食物)薄片;部分,份額 vt.把……切成薄片
用法歸納
①a slice 　　 ...……的部分/份額
②a slice of life反映現實生活的電影(或戲劇、書)
③slice (　　 ) sth.把某物切成薄片
④slice sth. 　　 /　　 切下;割下
⑤slice sth. 　　 sth.大幅度削減(成本或總額)
詞匯拓展
sliced adj.已切成片的
When the oil is hot, add the sliced onion.油熱之后,加入切好的洋蔥。
of
up
away
off
off
Journal of the American Medical Association, 2014《美國醫學會雜志》,2014年 (教材P32)
情景導學
Do you belong to any trade associations 你參加任何行業協會了嗎
The book is published in association with Oxford University Press.這本書是與牛津大學出版社
聯合出版的。
用法歸納
①　　 association with...和……聯合/合伙
②Chinese Basketball Association (CBA)中國籃球協會
詞匯拓展
①associate vt.聯想;聯系 vi.交往
詞匯 4 association n.協會;關聯
in
associate...with...把……和……聯系在一起
If you associate success with studying hard, that means you will achieve your goal soon.如果
你把成功和努力學習聯系在一起,那意味著你不久就會實現你的目標。 (寫作·學習建議)
②associate with sb.和某人交往
If you associate with the optimistic people, it is certain that you will make progress.如果你與
樂觀的人交往,你一定會取得進步。 (寫作·人際交往)
③associated adj.有關聯的;相關的
be associated with...與……有關;與……相關聯
I haven't been associated with the project over the last month.我上個月不曾跟這個項目有關
聯。
This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.不管他們其余的飲食會
是多么健康,都確實如此。 (教材P32)
情景導學
Regardless of the fact that she was getting annoyed, her voice still remained calm.盡管事實上她
生氣了,她的聲音依然保持平靜。 (讀后續寫·情感描寫)
It's fortunate that some of the precious heritage, such as hutong and siheyuan, is being pre-
served,regardless of the modern development.幸運的是,不管現代發展如何,胡同和四合院等一
些珍貴遺產都得到了保護。(China Daily)
用法歸納
①regardless of+n./doing...不管(做)……
詞匯 5 regardless of 不管;不顧
②regardless of 　　　 that...盡管事實上……
③regardless of what/who/how/when/where...不管什么/誰/怎樣/什么時候/在(到)哪里……
詞匯拓展
表示“盡管;即使”的連詞和介詞(短語)
連詞 介詞(短語)
although　though even if/even though in spite of
despite
Despite/In spite of the extreme cold(=Even if/Even though/Although/Though the weather was
extremely cold), the workers were working around the clock to meet the deadline.盡管(天氣)極
其寒冷,工人們還是夜以繼日地工作,以趕上最后期限。
the fact
Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat
than fresh ingredients.相比新鮮食材,加工食品通常包含較少的營養,并且糖分、鹽分和脂肪
的含量更高。 (教材P32)
情景導學
A large quantity of cash is used to purchase ingredients for cooking.大筆現金被用來購買烹飪原
料。
Large quantities of food/nuts are served on the table for customers to choose from.大量的食物/
堅果被擺到桌子上供顧客選擇。
A large quantity of tourist attractions that I recommend appeal to millions of visitors every year.
我推薦的很多旅游勝地每年吸引數百萬游客。 (寫作·旅游)
詞匯 6 quantity n.數量;數額
Our company will promote a product that is cheap to produce in large quantities.我們公司將
促銷一種低成本大批量生產的產品。
用法歸納
①　　 large/small quantities大量地/少量地
②a large quantity of/large quantities of后接可數名詞復數或不可數名詞。“a large quantity of
+不可數名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用　　 形式,“a large quantity of+可數名詞復數”作主
語時,謂語動詞用　　 形式;“large quantities of+可數名詞復數/不可數名詞”作主語時,謂
語動詞都用　　 形式。
特別提醒
“數量”和“質量”的單詞拼寫分別是quantity和quality,注意不要記混。
in
單數
復數
復數
In addition, studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, taking three meals a day
at the same time each day, are better for our health.此外,研究表明,始終如一的飲食習慣,例如,
每天在同一時間吃三餐,對我們的健康更好。 (教材P32)
情景導學
It's believed that actions must be consistent with words.大家都認為言行必須一致。
The results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.這些結果與我們早些時候的研究完
全吻合。
用法歸納
be consistent　　 ...與……一致/相符
詞匯 7 consistent adj.一致的;連續的;相符的
with
詞匯拓展
①consistently adv.一致地,始終如一地
This is the policy we have pursued consistently.這是我們一貫奉行的政策。
②consistency n.一致性,連貫性;黏稠度,密實度
the consistency of milk牛奶的黏稠度
the consistency of service服務的連貫性
③inconsistent adj.不一致的;不符合的;反復無常的
be inconsistent with...與……不一致/不相符
The report is inconsistent with the financial statements.這個報告與財務報表內容不一致。
④inconsistency n.不一致;不一致的情況
There are a few minor inconsistencies in her argument.她的論證中有幾處小矛盾。
⑤inconsistently adv.不一致地;反復無常地
There is no one trick to healthy eating.健康飲食沒有什么訣竅。 (教材P32)
情景導學
He tricked me into buying a house, which cost me an arm and a leg.他騙我花了一大筆錢買下房
子。
Some false advertisements may trick old people out of their money.一些虛假廣告可能會騙
走老年人的錢。
I'll try every trick in the book to win the game.我將使盡渾身解數贏得比賽。
Every time they come to a new house, they say, “Trick or treat!”每來到一座新房子,他們就
說:“不給糖就搗亂!”
For most of the people, a few minutes of yoga can do the trick.對大多數人來說,練幾分鐘的瑜
詞匯 8 trick n.訣竅;計謀;把戲 v.欺騙;欺詐 adj.為欺騙的;使人產生錯覺的
伽就能達到目的。 (China Daily)
If children don't get candies, they will play a trick/tricks on their neighbors.如果孩子們沒有得到
糖果,他們就會捉弄他們的鄰居。 (寫作·文化習俗)
用法歸納
①　　 the trick達到目的;起作用
②trick or treat不給糖就搗亂
③play a trick/tricks 　　 sb.捉弄某人
④every trick in the book無所不用其極;渾身解數
⑤the tricks of the trade(某一行業或活動的)絕招,絕活,門道,生意經
⑥trick sb. 　　 sth.從某人處騙走某物
do
on
out of
⑦trick sb. 　　 doing sth.騙某人做某事
⑧a trick question容易使人上當的問題
into
詞匯 釋義 用法& 拓展
stuff vt.填滿;把……塞進 n.東西;
物品 be stuffed with food塞滿了食物
Could you take all the stuff off the table 你能把桌上那些東西全拿走嗎
stuffing n.[U](烹飪前塞入雞等膛內的)填料
高頻詞匯積累
elegant adj.精美的;講究的;文雅的 the elegant way優雅的方式(2019天津)
elegance n.優雅;雅致;典雅
elegantly adv.講究地;優雅地
exceptional adj.特別的,罕見的;杰出的,優
秀的 an exceptional museum一座非凡的博物館(2020全國Ⅲ)
exception n.例外;例外的事物 unexceptional adj.乏味的;平常的;普通的
minimum n.最小值;最少量 adj.最低(限
度)的;最小的 at a/the minimum至少
minimum wage最低工資(2021新高考Ⅰ)
maximum n.最大量;最大限度 adj.最高的;最多的
consume vt.吃,喝,飲;消耗;使充滿(強烈
的感情);毀滅(生義) consumer n.顧客;用戶
consumption n.消費;消耗
food consumption食品消費(2022新高考Ⅰ)
stable adj.穩定的;穩重的 n.養馬 場;馬房(生義) unstable adj.不穩定的;不穩固的
stably adv.穩定地;穩重地
stability n.穩定性
moderation n.適度;合理 moderate adj.適度的;中等的
moderately adv.適度;適中
ideal adj.完美的;理想的;想象的 n.理想;完美的人(或事物) ideally adv.完美地;按理想來說,理想情況下
idealism n.理想主義
idealist n.理想主義者
fundamental adj.根本的;基礎的;基本的 n.基本規律;根本法則 be fundamental to...是……的基礎
a fundamental problem一個根本問題(2023浙江1月)
essential adj.本質的;基本的;根本的
fundamentally adv.根本上
modest adj.些許的;謙虛的;樸素的 modestly adv.謙虛地
modesty n.謙虛,謙遜;端莊;有限
overall adv.總體上;大致上 adj.全面
的;綜合的;總體的 the overall effect總體效果
generally adv.籠統地;概括地;大概
However,there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty
food, as it is sugar.然而,越來越多的證據表明,不良的健康狀況的真正推手并非這么多高脂肪
食物,而是糖。 (教材P32)
特別提醒
在“There is evidence that...”中,that引導的是同位語從句,用于解釋說明前面名詞evidence的
具體內容。
結構拓展
　　①There is no evidence that...沒有證據表明……
Despite the vogue for so-called health teas,there is no evidence that they are any healthier.盡管
經典結構 情境破
結構 1 There is evidence that...有證據表明……
所謂的保健茶成了時尚,但并沒有證據表明這些茶更有益于健康。
②There is no doubt that...毫無疑問的是……
③There is a fact that...事實是……
There is a fact that traditional cultures have positive meaning for us to shape the correct values.
事實是,傳統文化對我們塑造正確的價值觀是有積極意義的。 (寫作·傳統文化)
④There is a possibility that...可能……
There is a possibility that as we use more resources, our children have to lead worse lives.隨著
我們使用更多的資源,我們的孩子可能不得不過上更差的生活。 (寫作·環境保護)
It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.你
想如何生活、如何做出正確的飲食選擇,取決于你自己。 (教材P32)
情景導學
Either is OK. It's up to you.都可以。你決定吧。
As far as I'm concerned, it's up to all the Chinese people to preserve endangered species.在我看
來,保護瀕臨滅絕的物種是所有中國人的職責。 (寫作·保護動物)
用法歸納
　　It's up to sb. (　　 sth.)由某人決定(做某事);(做某事)是某人的職責
結構 2 It's up to sb.(to do sth.) 由某人決定(做某事)
to do
結構拓展
①not be up to much某事物質量差/不怎么樣
His work isn't up to much.他的活兒做得不怎么樣。
②Sb. be up to here.某人感到非常氣憤。
I'm up to here with this job; I'm resigning!這份工作我受夠了,我要辭職!
③Sb. is (so) up himself/herself.某人眼里只有他/她自己。
He is such a selfish guy that he is so up himself!他是一個非常自私的家伙,他的眼里只有他
自己!
Sentence 1
譯文　來中國之前,我只在美國接觸過一次中式烹飪,那里的中國食物為了適應美國人的口
味已經被改變了。
長難句 圖解
時間
定語
目的
Sentence 2
譯文　例如,在美國最受歡迎的中國菜是“左公雞”,它是在油炸的雞肉上淋上甜醬,再用煸
炒過的紅辣椒調味制成的。
非限制性定語
Sentence 3
譯文　我們疲憊不堪,饑腸轆轆,也不認識一個漢字,不知道該怎么點餐,所以廚師就開始在我
們的桌子上擺滿食物,那是我們吃過的最可口的菜肴。
并列
定語
Sentence 4
譯文　它已成為中國北方人最喜愛的傳統菜肴,在中國北方包餃子一直是一項全員參與的家
庭活動,無論老少都會加入進來幫忙。
非限制性定語
同位語
目的
Sentence 5
譯文　美國心臟協會建議我們將每日從糖中攝取的熱量限制在100至150卡路里以下,這些糖
少于一罐甜飲料或一塊糖果通常所含的糖分。
賓語
非限制性定語
賓語
一、過去完成時的構成和定義
情景導學
He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here.搬到這里以前,他已經在那家
工廠工作了五年。
用法歸納
1.過去完成時的構成:助動詞①　　 +動詞的過去分詞形式。
2.過去完成時的定義:過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成的動作或
存在的狀態,即“過去的過去”;也可以表示從過去某一時間開始的動作或狀態一直延續到
過去的另一時間。這個過去的時間常用before、by、until、when、after等引出的時間狀語
過去完成時及其被動語態
必備語法 情景破
had
來表示,也可以用一個表示過去的動作或通過上下文語境來表示。
二、常用過去完成時的幾種情況
情景導學1
I had wished festival activities could attract her, but they didn't work.我本來希望節日活動能吸
引她,但是它們沒有奏效。
I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.我本
來希望寄給彼得一件禮物以祝賀他結婚了,可是我沒能做到。
用法歸納1
表示過去未曾實現的愿望、打算、計劃時常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/
wanted/expected等。
情景導學2
No sooner had I arrived home than the bell rang.我剛到家,門鈴就響了。
She had hardly had time to sit and have a rest when the phone rang again.她剛有時間坐下來休
息,電話就又響了。
用法歸納2
表示“一 ……就……”:在“had hardly/scarcely+過去分詞...when...”或“had no sooner+過
去分詞...than...”句型中,主句用②　　　　　 ,從句用③　　　　　 。當hardly、scarce-
ly、no sooner位于句首時,主句要用部分倒裝。
情景導學3
It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.那是他那一年第三次失業。
過去完成時
一般過去時
用法歸納3
表示“某人/物第幾次做某事”:在“It/This/That was the first/second/third/...time+that從句”
中,主句用一般過去時,從句用④　　　　　 。
情景導學4
This was the best advice that I had ever given to my friend.這是我給過朋友的最好的忠告。
用法歸納4
在句型“This was the+形容詞最高級+名詞+從句”中,從句常用⑤　　　　 。
情景導學5
It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我們有十年沒玩得那么愉快過了。
用法歸納5
在“It was+一段時間+since...”句型中,從句常用過去完成時。
過去完成時
過去完成時
情景導學6
If you had helped me, I would have got a high score.如果你幫助過我的話,我就會得高分了。
用法歸納6
在虛擬條件句中,表示與過去事實相反的假設,從句要用⑥　　　　　 。
情景導學7
He hadn't learned English before he came to this school.來這所學校之前他沒有學過英語。
用法歸納7
在包含when、before、after、until等連詞的主從復合句中,如果主句謂語和從句謂語表示的
動作是在過去的不同時間發生的,且要突出發生的先后順序,那么先發生的動作通常需要用
⑦　　　　　 表示,后發生的動作用一般過去時表示。
過去完成時
過去完成時
情景導學8
He said, “We have got two first places in the sports meeting.”
→He said that they had got two first places in the sports meeting.他說他們在這場運動會中已經
得了兩個第一名。
用法歸納8
在間接引語中,我們通常用過去完成時表示在引述動詞(一般過去時)之前發生的動作,即在
told、said、thought等動詞后的賓語從句常用過去完成時。
三、一般過去時與過去完成時的區別
情景導學
He went to Wuhan last week.他上周去了武漢。
The bus had already left by the time she arrived.等她到達的時候公共汽車已經離開了。
用法歸納
　　一般過去時表示動作在過去的某個時間發生,或表示過去經常性或習慣性的動作。過去
完成時表示動作在過去某個時間或動作之前已經完成,即“過去的過去”。使用過去完成時
一定是以⑧　　 的某個時間為參照點,而一般過去時是以⑨　　 的時間為參照點。
四、過去完成時的被動語態
情景導學
He said that such products had been sold out.他說這種產品已經賣完了。
After the assignment had been done, he went to play basketball.任務完成后,他就去打籃球了。
用法歸納
　　過去完成時的被動語態的構成為“助動詞had+been+動詞的過去分詞形式”。
過去
現在
即時鞏固
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.(2023北京)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest
　 　　　 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
2.(2021天津)I wanted to make dumplings but found I 　　　　　 (run)out of flour, so I went
out to buy some.
3.(2020浙江)By about 6000 BC, people 　　　　　 (discover) the best crops to grow and an-
imals to raise.
4.It was the most wonderful classic that I 　　　　　 (see).
5.This was the first time that I 　　　　　 (invite) to attend a party.
6.Before we reached the foot of the mountain, the sun 　　　　　 (rise).
had run
had discovered
had seen
had been invited
had risen
had arrived
7.To our utter amazement, he 　　　　 　 (complete) his studies by the end of last year.
8.It was two years since I 　　　 　　 (participate) in the debate held by the student union.
9.I 　　　　　 (expect) to get first prize in the English speech contest but the result made me
disappointed.
10.It was the third time that he 　　　　　 (pay) a visit to Mount Tai, which is located in
Shandong Province.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.丈夫一回到家妻子就開始做飯。(hardly)
　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 home when his wife started cooking.
2.他們本來想要去幫忙,但沒有及時趕到。
They　　　 　　　 to help but could not get there 　　　　　　.
had completed
had participated
had expected
had paid
Hardly had the husband arrived/The husband had hardly arrived
had wanted
in time
3.He said,“I have lived in Beijing since 1950.”(句型轉換,改為間接引語)
→He said that 　　　　　　　　　　　 in Beijing since 1950.
4.當他終于收到他盼望已久的雜志時,他興奮得兩眼放光。
His eyes shone with excitement when he finally received the magazine he　　　 　　　　 　 .
5.令我們高興的是,到去年年底我們已經掌握了超過4,000個單詞。
To our joy, we 　　　　　　　 over four thousand words by the end of last year.
he had lived
had long expected
had mastered

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