資源簡介

(共60張PPT)
Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.隨后,她們在不遠處的森林
里愉快地徒步旅行。(教材P38)
情景導學
It's good manners to be pleasant to our guests.對我們的客人友好是有禮貌的。
用法歸納
be pleasant 　　 sb. 對某人友好
高頻詞匯精講
高頻詞匯 情境破
詞匯 1 pleasant adj.令人愉快的;友好的;和善的
to
特別提醒
pleasant既可以表示事物是令人愉快的,也可以表示人是友好的或笑容、聲音等是和善的,如:
a pleasant climate/evening/place令人愉快的氣候/夜晚/地方
a pleasant young man彬彬有禮的年輕人
a pleasant smile/voice/manner 和藹可親的笑容/聲音/態度
I hope you'll have a pleasant journey.祝你(們)旅途愉快。 (寫作·旅游)
詞匯拓展
①pleasantly adv.令人愉快地
②pleasantness n.愉快
He remembered the pleasantness of the evening.他對那個愉快的夜晚記憶猶新。
③unpleasant adj.令人不愉快的;不友好的
④please v.使滿意;使愉快
Mary was willing to talk with me about her worries, which pleased me.瑪麗愿意和我談談她
的煩心事,這讓我很高興。
⑤pleased adj.高興的;滿意的;樂意的
displeased adj.不快的;不滿的;生氣的
be pleased/displeased with...對……滿意/不滿意
She was displeased with absolutely everything and nothing was right.她對一切都不滿意,沒有
一件事是對的。 (2020全國Ⅲ改編)
⑥pleasing adj.令人愉快的;令人滿意的
⑦pleasure n.愉快;高興;快事
with pleasure (客氣地接受或同意)當然了,很愿意;(方式狀語)愉快地
It's a pleasure./(It's)My pleasure.(用于對別人表示感謝的禮貌回答)別客氣/很樂意效勞。
—Can you give me a glass of water
—With pleasure.
——你能給我一杯水嗎
——當然可以。
When she was told that the customer was pleased with the pleasing design, a wave of pleasure
also welled up inside her.當她得知顧客對那種令人愉悅的設計很滿意,一陣喜悅也涌上她的
心頭。 (讀后續寫·情感描寫)
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through
the Canadian Rockies.第二天早上,這兩個女孩早早起床,坐火車穿過加拿大的落基山脈去路
易斯湖。 (教材P38)
情景導學
Your illness arose from/out of the lack of exercise and your unhealthy diet, so I hope you can take
the following suggestions into consideration.你生病是由缺乏鍛煉和你的不健康的飲食引起
的,所以我希望你能考慮以下建議。 (寫作·建議信)
詞匯 2 arise vi. (arose, arisen) 起身;出現;由……引起
用法歸納
arise　　　 /　　 ...由……引起,因……產生
特別提醒
arise多表示抽象事物的出現、發生,如situation、condition、occasion、problem、dispute(爭
端)、crisis、need、opportunity、chance等。
Children should be educated when the need arises.必要時孩子應該受到教育。
from
out of
易混詞 過去式、過去分詞 含義及用法
arise arose, arisen 起身;出現,產生(主語一般為抽象名詞,無被動語態)
rise rose, risen 上升;增加;增強;升起(說明主語自身移向更高的位置)
raise raised, raised 舉起,提起;提高,增加;飼養;養育(說明主語發出的動作作用
于其他人或事物)
易混辨析
When the teacher came into the classroom, all the students arose immediately.當老師走進教
室時,所有的學生立刻站了起來。
The sun was rising when we got to the top of the mountain.當我們到達山頂時,太陽正在升
起。
Measures should be taken to raise public awareness of environmental protection.應當采取措
施提高公眾的環境保護意識。 (寫作·環境保護)

情景助記
When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water
literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.火車到站后,她們乘坐出租車前往路
易斯湖,那里湛藍的湖水異常美麗,簡直令她們驚嘆不已。 (教材P38)
情景導學
I took a deep breath and gradually calmed down.我深吸一口氣,逐漸冷靜下來。
When we paused to catch our breath, Steve got down on one knee.當我們停下來喘口氣時,史蒂
夫單膝跪下了。 (2022全國甲)
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.跑到17英里的時候,我
就氣喘吁吁,曾經受傷的那只腳踝疼得厲害。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio,holding my breath and waiting for the first
詞匯 3 breath n.呼吸的空氣;一次吸入的空氣
notes of the song.我把音量調大,站在那里盯著收音機,屏住呼吸,等待著這首歌的前幾個音
符。
用法歸納
①　　 breath喘不過氣來
②　　 one's breath喘口氣
③　　 one's breath屏住呼吸
④take a deep breath深吸一口氣
⑤take one's breath away令某人驚嘆
詞匯拓展
①breathe v.呼吸
breathe in吸氣;吸入(氣體)
out of
catch
hold
breathe out呼氣;呼出(氣體)
Most people don't realize that they are breathing in polluted air, so it is necessary for us to put
up the posters about environmental pollution.大多數人沒有意識到自己正在吸入被污染了的空
氣,因此對我們來說張貼這些關于環境污染的海報是有必要的。 (寫作·保護環境)
②breathless adj.(令人)氣喘吁吁的; (令人)屏息的
③breathing n.呼吸
Deep breathing exercises will help you relax.深呼吸運動有助于放松自己。
④breathtaking adj.激動人心的;驚人的
What is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.這次經歷如此激
動人心之處在于超凡脫俗的景色。 (2021新高考Ⅰ)
They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to
Jasper.她們過了一夜,然后乘坐長途汽車,向北穿越加拿大的落基山脈,來到賈斯珀。 (教材
P38)
情景導學
Where can I catch the bus bound for Beverly Hills 我到哪兒能趕上前往貝弗利希爾斯的巴士呢
She's too bound up in her work to have much time for her children.她工作太忙,沒有很多時間陪
孩子。
Through this activity, the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of traditional
Chinese culture.通過這次活動,外國學生一定會更好地了解中國傳統文化。 (寫作·文化交流）
詞匯 4 bound adj.準備前往(某地);一定會 v.跳躍著跑
Right as I was about to give up, a small truck with a Mexican family inside pulled over, and the
father bounded out.就在我要放棄的時候,一輛小卡車靠邊停了下來,車里有一家墨西哥人,那
位父親跳了出來。 (讀后續寫·動作描寫)
用法歸納
①be bound 　　　 sth. 一定會做某事
②(be) bound 　　　 ... 準備前往……
③be bound 　　 in sth.忙于某事;熱衷于某事
④bound out 　　　
to do
for
up
跳出來
特別提醒
教材原句中的north是副詞,所以bound后面沒有加介詞for。head作動詞時也有類似用法,如流)
head for the airport 往機場方向走,head west 往西走。
Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.埃德蒙頓的
冬天極為寒冷,日平均氣溫為零下10攝氏度。 (教材P38)
特別提醒
freezing既可以作形容詞修飾名詞,如freezing fog(冰霧),也可以作副詞修飾形容詞,如上面教
材原句中的freezing cold(極為寒冷)。
詞匯拓展
①freeze v.(使)結冰; (使)凍住; (使)凍死; (因害怕等)停住不動; 驚呆
freeze to death凍死
When she heard the news, the smile froze on her face.當她聽到這個消息時,她臉上的笑容僵
詞匯 5 freezing adj.極冷的;冰凍的 adv.極冷地
住了。 (讀后續寫·神態描寫)
②frozen adj.冷凍的;凍僵;結冰的;嚇呆
Seeing this terrible scene, they were frozen with fear/terror/fright.看到這可怕的一幕,他們嚇
呆了。 (讀后續寫·神態描寫)
③freezer n.冰柜;冷凍室
Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the
freezer.冷凍的香蕉可以保存幾個星期,這取決于它們的成熟度和冰柜的溫度。
However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.然而,
她們沒有預料到會看到一個如此空曠的國家,確實感到驚訝。 (教材P39)
情景導學
It is anticipated that the prices will go down in the near future.據預測,在不久的將來,物價會降。
As the saying goes, “In heaven there is paradise, and on earth there are Suzhou and
Hangzhou.” I anticipate going to Suzhou and Hangzhou with my parents one day.常言道:“上
有天堂,下有蘇杭。”我期望有一天和我的父母一起去蘇州和杭州。 (寫作·旅游)
用法歸納
①anticipate (　　 ) sth. 期望(做)某事;預期(做)某事
詞匯 6 anticipate vt.預料;預見;期望
doing
②It is anticipated that...　　　　　
詞匯拓展
anticipation n.預料,預見;期望
in anticipation of...預料……的發生
Judy bought many toys in anticipation of many children taking part in that party.預料到很多孩
子會參加那場聚會,朱迪買了很多玩具。
據預測……
Well,contrary to what many people believe, there are a lot of vast and empty spaces in Chi-
na, actually.嗯,與許多人認為的那樣相反,事實上中國有很多廣闊而空曠的地方。 (教材P43)
情景導學
On the contrary, he is nothing like Mr Bean.恰恰相反,他一點也不像憨豆先生。
There are also some students who hold a point of view to the contrary.也有一些學生持有相反的
觀點。 (寫作·辯論式議論文)
His answer is contrary to yours, so I need more evidence to judge who is right.他的回答和你的
回答相反,所以我需要更多的證據來判斷誰是正確的。
詞匯 7 contrary adj.相反的;相對立的 n.相反的事實(或事情)
用法歸納
①(be) contrary　　　 與……相反;與……相對立
②　　　 the contrary恰恰相反(用來表示后面的情況與前面的情況相反,常作插入語)
③　　　 the contrary相反的;相反地 (用來展示或證明相反的東西,可作后置定語,也可作狀
語)
to
on
to
...they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip to
Montreal...……在前往她們旅程的下一站蒙特利爾之前,她們只有幾個小時可以消磨……
(教材P44)
情景導學
He took off his coat and proceeded to undo his shoes.他脫掉了外衣,接著又解開了鞋子。
We're not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.我們不確定是否還要繼續減價促
銷。
用法歸納
①proceed 　　 sth.繼續做(或從事、進行)某事
②proceed 　　 sth.接著做;繼而做(另一件事)
詞匯 8 proceed vi.行進;繼續做;接著做
with
to do
③proceed to Gate 12前往12號登機口
④proceed against sb.起訴某人
詞匯拓展
proceeding n.訴訟;[pl.]事件,過程;會議記錄
It is strongly demanded that the conference proceedings be published.強烈要求公開會議記
錄。
Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Nia-
gara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.她們站在遠處,看到從湖南邊的尼亞加拉大瀑
布上升騰而起的水霧,感到非常震撼。 (教材P44)
情景導學
They were astonished to find the author was a six-year-old boy.發現作者是個六歲的男孩,他們
很吃驚。
He was astonished at the result, looking at me with his eyes widening.他對這個結果感到驚訝,
睜大了眼睛看著我。 (讀后續寫·神態描寫)
The records show that the visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the
Ming Dynasty was.記錄顯示,參觀者對明朝的富裕和技術先進程度感到驚訝。
詞匯 9 astonished adj.感到十分驚訝的
用法歸納
①be astonished　　 /　　 sth.對某事感到驚訝
②be astonished 　　 /hear/learn/see...
吃驚地發現/聽到/得知/看到……
詞匯拓展
①astonish vt.使十分驚訝;使吃驚
It astonishes/astonished sb. that...令某人吃驚的是……
It astonished us that the researchers said that lightning increases the atmosphere's ability to pu-
rify itself.令我們吃驚的是,研究人員說閃電會提高大氣自我凈化的能力。 (China Daily)
②astonishing adj.令人十分驚訝的;使人大為驚奇的
He ran 100m in an astonishing 10.69 seconds.他以驚人的10.69秒的速度跑完了100米。
at
by
to find
③astonishingly adv.令人驚訝地
Tom took the news astonishingly well.湯姆對這個消息表現得出奇地冷靜。
④astonishment n.驚訝
to one's astonishment令某人驚訝的是
with/in astonishment驚訝地;驚愕地
This little boy stared with/in astonishment at the stranger.這個小男孩驚愕地盯著陌生人。
(讀后續寫·神態描寫)
To their mother's astonishment, the twins carried the delicious and perfect breakfast upstairs.令
他們的母親驚訝的是,這對雙胞胎把美味而完美的早餐帶到了樓上。 (2021新高考Ⅰ改編)
特別提醒
astonishing一般修飾事物,表示事物的性質或特征。但當修飾表示人的表情、聲音的單詞
look、smile、voice、expression等時,要用astonished。
When he looks at the menu, an astonished look quickly appears on his face.當他看菜單時,他
臉上立刻露出震驚的表情。
You owe it to yourselves to stay longer.你們應該多待一會兒。 (教材P44)
情景導學
How much do I owe you for the groceries 買這些雜貨我得給你多少錢
I think you owe it to yourself to have a day off.我覺得你應該給自己放一天假。
We all think we should owe our success in the English Speaking Competition to you.我們都認為
我們應該把我們在英語演講比賽中的成功歸功于您。 (寫作·感謝信)
用法歸納
①owe sb. sth./owe sth. to sb. (　　 ...)(因……)欠某人債/賬
②owe sth.　　 sb.把……歸功于某人;欠某人情
③owe sb. a lot/a great deal非常感激某人
詞匯 10 owe vt.欠(賬、債、情等);忠誠
for
to
④owe it to sb.　　 sth.應該為某人做某事
⑤owe allegiance/loyalty/obedience (to sb.)(對位高權重者)忠誠,服從
詞匯拓展
①owing adj.拖欠;未付;未償還
You need to pay the amount owing, plus the interest.你需要付清欠款,外加利息。
②owing to=due to=because of由于;因為
Owing to your excellent work, every one of us has made great progress in English.由于您的出
色工作,我們每個人的英語都取得了很大的進步。 (2020浙江)
to do
詞匯 釋義 用法& 拓展
massive adj.巨大的;非常嚴重的 massively adv.極其;非常
mass n.大量;許多
literally adv.字面上;真正地 literal adj.字面意義的;完全按原文的
scenery n.風景;景色 scene n.場面,景象　view n.(從某處看到的)景色,風景
　landscape n.(陸上,尤指鄉村的)風景,景色
awesome adj.令人驚嘆的;可怕的;很好的 an awesome task艱巨的任務
an awesome sight驚人的奇觀
高頻詞匯積累
highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突
出;強調;使醒目 the highlight(s) of...……最好(或最精彩、最激動人心)的部分
highlight the whole adventure 成為整個險途中的亮點(2021新高考Ⅰ)
bunch n.束;串;捆 a bunch of一束;一串;一群;大量
light the bunch to create a torch點燃那捆(樹葉)做成火把(2023浙江1月)
frost n.霜;嚴寒天氣;霜凍 vt.使蒙
上霜 vi.結霜 frosty adj.嚴寒的,霜凍的;冷若冰霜的
a frosty morning/look 嚴寒的早晨/冷冰冰的樣子
anyhow adv.(結束交談或轉換話題時)
不過;反正 anyway adv.反正;即使這樣
somehow adv.以某種方式(或方法);不知怎么地
misty adj.多霧的;模糊的 a misty morning 薄霧彌漫的早晨
mist n.薄霧;水汽
advertisement n.廣告;啟事 an advertisement for... ……的廣告
advertise v.做廣告
advertiser n.廣告商;登廣告的人
-ment表示“行為的結果或方式”,如:development發展、
government治理、 movement移動、punishment懲罰、
a-musement娛樂、argument爭論、equipment設備、
achievement成就等
photographer n.攝影師;拍照者 as a photographer 作為一名攝影師(2023全國乙)
photograph n.照片 vt.給……照相
photography n.攝影
-er表示“從事……的人;做……動作的人;與……有關的
人;具有……特性的人”。
如:designer設計師、inter-viewer采訪者、reporter記者、
supporter支持者、teach-er教師、winner獲勝者、
hunter獵人、speaker演講者、prisoner囚犯、foreigner
外國人等
toast n.烤面包片;吐司;干杯 vt.為……干杯 vt. & vi.烤(尤指面包) two pieces of toast兩片烤面
包片
propose a toast to... 提議為…
…干杯
Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.埃德蒙頓的
冬天極為寒冷,日平均氣溫為零下10攝氏度。 (教材P38)
情景導學
He stood at the door, with a laptop in his hand.他站在門口,手里拿著一臺筆記本電腦。
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.所有的燈都開著,廣場看起來更漂亮了。
With so much work to do, he won't have time to go shopping this afternoon.有那么多工作要做,
他今天下午沒有時間去買東西。
用法歸納
　　①with的復合結構的常見形式有:
經典結構 情境破
結構 1 with的復合結構(with+賓語+賓補)

　　②with的復合結構通常在句中作　　 ,表示伴隨、原因等;也可以作定語。
狀語
It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.直到上午9:30,
她們才終于到達安大略省的省會多倫多。 (教材P39)
特別提醒
對not...until...進行強調時,not until不能分開。
結構拓展
　　當not until...位于句首時,要用部分倒裝結構。
Not until yesterday did I learn anything about it.直到昨天我才對這件事有所了解。
結構 2 not...until...的強調句型
...they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls...……她們看
到從尼亞加拉大瀑布上升騰而起的水霧,感到非常震撼…… (教材P44)
情景導學
I saw him enter the building by the back door.我看到他從后門進了大樓。
We all hope to see the contract carried out smoothly.我們都希望看到合同被順利執行。
The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and out-
side the City Wall.(西安)城墻高12米,從這里你能看到川流不息的人群從城墻進出。 (2021
全國甲)
結構 3 “see+賓語+賓補”結構
用法歸納
①see+賓語+　　 sth. 看見……正在做某事(看見動作正在進行)
②see+賓語+do sth.看見……做某事(看見動作的整個過程)
③see+賓語+done看見……被做
doing
Sentence 1
譯文　火車到站后,她們乘坐出租車前往路易斯湖,那里湛藍的湖水異常美麗,簡直令她們驚
嘆不已。
長難句 圖解
時間
非限制性定語
Sentence 2
譯文　她們穿越了兩個種植小麥的省份,在那里她們看到了一片片廣闊的農場。
非限制性定語
限制性定語
Sentence 3
譯文 窗外的灌木叢和楓樹林是紅色、金色和橙色的,地上結了霜,這證明秋天已經來到了
加拿大。
并列分句
賓語
Sentence 4
譯文　李黛予和表妹來到加拿大最大、最富有的城市多倫多后,只有幾個小時的時間可以消
磨,然后就得繼續前往旅程的下一站蒙特利爾,因此她們就在多倫多逛了逛。
時間
時間
并列分句
Sentence 5
譯文　她們站在遠處,看到從湖南面的尼亞加拉大瀑布上升騰而起的水霧,感到非常震撼。
非限制性定語
一、過去分詞作表語(與現在分詞的比較)
1.過去分詞與現在分詞作表語的區別
情景導學
He is terrifying.他很嚇人。(指他令人害怕)
He is terrified.他很害怕。(指他感到害怕)
Please describe a dog that is frightened.請描述一只受驚的狗。(狗受到了驚嚇)
Please describe a dog that is frightening.請描述一只令人害怕的狗。(狗是令人害怕的)
過去分詞作表語、狀語和定語(與現在分詞的比較)
必備語法 情景破
用法歸納
作表語的過去分詞與現在分詞往往已經被形容詞化。當表示主語處于某種狀態,即“感到/
覺得……”時,表語要使用①　　　 ;而要表示主語具有“令人感到……”的特征/性質時,
表語使用②　　　 。
　　常用的這類詞還有:
現在分詞 過去分詞
amazing令人驚奇的 amazed感到驚奇的
astonishing令人驚訝的 astonished感到驚訝的
delighting令人高興的 delighted高興的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的
過去分詞
現在分詞
discouraging令人灰心的 discouraged灰心的
encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged受到鼓舞的
exciting令人激動的 excited激動的;興奮的
interesting有趣的 interested感興趣的
moving感人的 moved受感動的
surprising令人吃驚的 surprised感到吃驚的
tiring 累人的 tired感到疲倦的
2.過去分詞作表語與被動語態的差異
情景導學
The cup is broken.杯子碎了。(系表)
The cup was broken by Tom.杯子被湯姆打碎了。(被動)
用法歸納
　　作表語的過去分詞表示主語的特點或所處的狀態,前面的be為系動詞,這時的過去分詞
往往已經轉化成了③　　 ,這種結構中的過去分詞前可加quite、very、rather等修飾詞。
構成被動語態的過去分詞表示動作,其中的be為助動詞,強調被動關系,絕大多數被動語態中
的行為執行者可以由by引出。
形容詞
二、過去分詞作狀語(與現在分詞的比較)
1.過去分詞作狀語
情景導學1
Asked what had happened, he lowered his head.當被問到發生了什么事情的時候,他低下了
頭。(表時間)
Encouraged by the teacher, the girl was very happy.由于受到了老師的鼓勵,那個女孩很高興。
(表原因)
Given more attention, the fire could have been avoided.如果多加注意,這場火災本來是可以避
免的。(表條件)
Surrounded by his students, the teacher went into the lab.老師在學生們的簇擁下走進實驗室。
(表伴隨)
Left alone at home, Jenny didn't feel afraid at all.雖然珍妮被獨自留在家里,但她一點也不感到
害怕。(表讓步)
用法歸納1
　　過去分詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語通常要與句子主語④　　 ,其表示的動作與句子的主
語之間為邏輯上的⑤　　　 。過去分詞在句中可以作時間狀語、原因狀語、條件狀語、
讓步狀語、伴隨狀語或方式狀語。
情景導學2
If accepted for this post, you will be informed next week.如果你被接受擔任這個職位,將在下周
通知你。
用法歸納2
　　當過去分詞作狀語時,有時可以在前面加上when、while、if、unless、once、even
though、although等⑥　　　 。
一致
被動關系
連詞
情景導學3
The test finished, we began our holiday.考試結束了,我們開始放假了。
More time given to us, we should have done the job much better.如果給我們更多的時間,我們會
把工作做得更好。
用法歸納3
當過去分詞的邏輯主語與句子主語⑦　　　 時,可以保留其邏輯主語。我們稱這種帶邏輯
主語的分詞結構為獨立主格結構。
情景導學4
Satisfied with the result of the exam, her parents bought her this gift.由于對這次考試的結果很
滿意,她的父母給她買了這件禮物。
Occupied in writing his novel, he has no time to go outside and swim with his friends.由于忙于
寫小說,他沒有時間去外面和他的朋友們游泳。
不一致
用法歸納4
　　有些過去分詞短語作狀語時側重描述主語所處的⑧　　　 ,這些過去分詞短語源于系
表結構。常見的有:absorbed in、engaged in/on、buried in、occupied in/with、exposed to、
based on、satisfied with等。
2.過去分詞與現在分詞作狀語的區別
情景導學1
狀態
用法歸納1
　　分詞在句子中作狀語時,分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。使用哪種分詞,取決于分
詞表示的動作與句子主語之間的關系:通常被動關系用⑨　　　 ,主動關系用⑩　　 。
情景導學2
Having finished the work, he went home.做完工作后,他回家了。
Walking along the street, I saw an old friend.沿著這條街走時,我看見了一位老朋友。
Having been raised on a farm, Tim knows a lot about farm animals.由于在農場長大,蒂姆對農
場的動物了解得很多。
過去分詞
現在分詞
用法歸納2
　　過去分詞作狀語時,沒有被動式和完成式;而現在分詞作狀語時,有四種形式:一般式的主
動形式(doing)、一般式的被動形式(being done)、完成式的主動形式(having done)、完成式
的被動形式(having been done)。一般式(doing/being done)表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動
作 　　 或幾乎同時發生,完成式(having done/having been done)表示的動作發生在謂語動
詞表示的動作 　　 。
三、過去分詞作定語(與現在分詞的比較)
1.過去分詞作定語
情景導學
used books舊書
a retired teacher一位退休教師
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.風把落葉從地上刮了起來。
同時發生
之前
People got water by dropping a bucket tied to a rope.人們通過把綁在繩子上的桶放下去來取
水。
用法歸納
　　過去分詞作定語時,其表示的動作與被修飾詞之間一般為被動關系。單個的過去分詞作
定語,一般放在被修飾詞的前面,過去分詞短語作定語,一般放在被修飾詞的 　　 。
及物動詞的過去分詞表示被動和完成,不及物動詞的過去分詞不表示被動,只表示 　 。
2.過去分詞與現在分詞作定語的區別
情景導學1
There is a nice picture hanging on the wall.墻上掛著一幅漂亮的畫。
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.這將是這類小說中寫得最好的。
后面
完成
用法歸納1
　　過去分詞作定語時,其表示的動作與被修飾詞之間一般為被動關系,而現在分詞作定語
時,其表示的動作與被修飾詞之間為 　　　 。
情景導學2
His excited expression suggested that he had got exciting marks.他興奮的表情表明他取得了令
人興奮的成績。
Last night he told me the surprising news in a surprised voice.昨晚他用震驚的聲音告訴了我那
個令人驚訝的消息。
用法歸納2
　　形容詞化的分詞作定語時,形容人的表情、聲音等用 　　　 ;形容事/物用 　　 。
主動關系
過去分詞
現在分詞
即時鞏固
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.(2023新課標Ⅰ)Shanghai may be the 　　　　 (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but
food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao
long bao's birthplace.
2.(2022全國乙)It can help to build a community with a 　　　　 (share) future for mankind.
3.(2022北京)One theory, increasingly 　　　　 (support) by experts, suggests that smell pref-
erences are learned.
4.(2022新高考Ⅱ)Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his
arms to catch the 　　　　 (fall) child.
5.The guest walked into the room, 　　　　 (greet) by the host.
recognized
shared
supported
falling
greeted
6.The question 　　　　 (settle), all of us breathed a sigh of relief.
7.　　　　 (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
8.When 　　　　 (face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
9.She says she was in shock 　　　　 (see) the city after the quake at the time.
10.　　　　 (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of
art.
11.The girls were　　　　 to see such an open country. The scenery there was also very 　
　　 .(amaze)
12.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, 　　　　 (allow) more patients
to be treated.
settled
Absorbed
faced
seeing
Founded
amazed
amazing
allowing
Ⅱ.在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式
Betty wanted to learn skiing. Last weekend, she went up the mountain. 1.　　　　 (train) by an
2.　　　　 (experience) coach, she learned very quickly. This sport was very 3.　　　　
(excite). After 4.　　　　 (practise) for hours, she decided to ski on her own. Unfortunately,
she fell on the ground while 5.　　　　 (ski) downhill(向山下). Badly 6.　　　　 (injure),
she was sent to hospital at once. On hearing the news, her parents hurried to the hospital. 7.　
　　 (know) nothing about her injury, they were 8.　　　　 (worry) all the way. Only after
they were told that Betty could recover very soon if properly 9.　　　　 (treat) did they feel
10.　　　　 (relieve).
Trained
experienced
exciting
practising
skiing
injured
Knowing
worried
treated
relieved

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