資源簡介

(共41張PPT)
Unit 5
A delicate world
Part 1
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Cultural awareness: Improve the awareness of harmony between human and nature.
Language ability:Conclude the whole process about how Macquarie Island was afrected by humans. Retell how human interference affected Macquarie Island. Design a poster to call on people to protect Macquarie Island.
Learning ability: Cooperate with others and evaluate their own study.
Thinking quality:Express their views on how human and nature stay harmoniously.
Part 2
Lead-in
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1.Are humans part of Earth’s ecosystems Why
2.In what ways can humans affect ecosystems
Yes. Humans are part of Earth's ecosystems.
Because all living things live in ecosystems and people are living things.
Positive: people can plant trees, feed and protect animals, recycle things and so on.
Negative: The air and water pollution and excessive waste.
Look at the satellite images and answer the questions.
1.What is happening to the area
according to the satellite images
Aral Sea is becoming smaller and smaller/shrinking.
Look at the satellite images and answer the questions.
2.What do you think a later satellite image would show
Subsequent satellite images will show the Northern Aral Sea as the only blue spot, while the Southern Aral Sea will completely degenerate into a saline-alkali desert and scattered salt marshes. Salt dust activities on the lake bed will become the new normal. The superimposed effect of human activities and climate change has made the Aral Sea a typical remote sensing sample of the global ecological crisis.
后續衛星影像將以北咸海為唯一藍色斑點，南咸海徹底退化為鹽堿荒漠與零星鹽沼，湖床鹽塵活動成為新常態。人類活動與氣候變化的疊加效應，使咸海成為全球生態危機的典型遙感樣本。
Look at the satellite images and answer the questions.
3.What do you think caused these changes
The core of the shrinking of the Aral Sea is The predatory exploitation of water resources by human activities (accounting for more than 70%), combined with the amplification effect of climate change , forming a vicious cycle of "increased water use → shrinking of lakes → ecological deterioration → need for more water". The absence of cross-border governance and dam projects have accelerated the imbalance of regional water resources.
咸海萎縮的核心是 人類活動對水資源的掠奪性開發 （占比超70%），疊加 氣候變化 的放大效應，形成"用水增加→湖泊萎縮→生態惡化→需更多水"的死循環。跨境治理缺位與大壩工程則加速了區域水資源的失衡。
拓展：
The Aral Sea Crisis
The Aral Sea is situated in Central Asia, between Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the south. It was once the world's fourth largest lake, and contained 10 grammes of salt per litre. The rivers flowing into the Aral Sea are the river Syr Darya from the north and the river Amu Darya from the south. In the 1960s, the two rivers were diverted away from the Aral Sea so that people could irrigate the surrounding desert region and focus on cotton production.
As a result, the Aral Sea has been decreasing in size, and by 1997, it had shrunk to a tenth of its original size, splitting into four lakes. By 2009, the south-eastern lake had disappeared altogether, and the south-western lake had been reduced to a thin strip, with a salinity level of more than 110 grammes per litre. This shrinking of the Aral Sea became known as "one of the planet's worst environmental disasters"; the decline of the once-thriving fishing industry brings unemployment and economic hardship to the surrounding region.
咸海危機
咸海位于中亞，北臨哈薩克斯坦，南臨烏茲別克斯坦。它曾經是世界第四大湖泊，每升含鹽10克。流入咸海的河流是北部的錫爾河和南部的阿姆河。20世紀60年代，兩條河流從咸海改道，人們可以灌溉周圍的沙漠地區，并專注于棉花生產。
結果，咸海的面積一直在縮小，到1997年，它已經縮小到原來的十分之一，分成了四個湖。到2009年，東南部的湖泊完全消失，西南部的湖泊已經減少到一條細帶，鹽度水平超過110克/升。咸海的萎縮被稱為“地球上最嚴重的環境災難之一”；曾經繁榮的捕魚業的衰落給周邊地區帶來了失業和經濟困難。
Part 3
Reading
pre-reading
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
1.What animals can you see in the picture
2.What kind of changes would take place if cats, rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this
Penguins and bird.
They would hunt the birds and eat the native vegetation, thus upsetting the local ecological balance.
pre-reading
Read the passage and find out what happened to Macquarie Island.
MACOUARIE ISLAND:
from Ehaos to Eonservation
Non-native species introduced to Macquarie Island attacked native birds, and led to a substantial reduction of bird population and even the extinction of parakeets. In addition, nonnative species ate and devastated the native vegetation. All of this played a part in upsetting the natural harmony of the island.But now the island's ecology is on the road to recovery with human efforts.
PREDICITING
while-reading
Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.
1.To analyse how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
2.To inform readers of the chaos caused on Macquarie Island by humans.
3.To entertain readers with a funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island.
4.To suggest ways in which an ecosystem can be protected.
SKIMMING
while-reading
SKIMMING
Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
para. 1
para. 2
para. 3
para. 4
para. 5
para. 6
The rabbit problem resulted in parakeets' dying out.
The rat, mouse and rabbit problem made people realise that problems should be solved once and for all.
I participated in a programme to tackle this very problem.
Native inhabitants on Macquarie Island were once in perfect harmony with their natural habitat.
People released a virus to kill rabbits and used traps and dogs to catch the cats.
Rats and mice brought to the island caused harm.
while-reading
SKANNING
Organise information from the passage and complete the flow chart.
1810
After 1810
1810-1891
In the 1970s
In the 1980s
At present
while-reading
Cats were brought to the island.
Rabbits were introduced to the island.
To provide food for humans.
they took over the island, eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds
The cats developed an appetite for the birds.
the exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats. More cats hunted the birds and parakeets died out.
while-reading
A virus was released onto the island.
Traps and dogs were used.
Poison and dogs were used.
To remove all the rabbits from the island.
To catch the cats.
To remove all the remaining invading species.
The island is pest-free and its ecology is on the road to recovery.
Substantial reduction of rabbit population led to cats killing more native birds.
The population of rats and mice increased. And the rabbit population exploded once again.
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
Choose the correct answer according to the content of the text.
1. What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph
A. Macquarie Island is beautiful.
B. Macquarie Island has a world-class name.
C. There are lots of penguins on Macquarie Island.
D. It is not easy for people to get to Macquarie Island.
2. How did rats and mice get to Macquarie Island
A. They swam to the island from Australia.
B. They were brought to the island by accident.
C. They were raised on the island as human food.
D. They were brought to the island by lovers of pets.
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
3. Why did people bring rabbits to Macquarie Island
A. To serve as their food. B. To drive away the parakeets.
C. To kill the mice on the island. D. To remove the grass from the island.
4. What does the author think of the former methods of controlling invading species
A. Useful. B. Creative. C. Successful. D. Negative.
5. Why does the author come to the island this time
A. To do some voluntary work.
B. To train his dogs to catch rats.
C. To control the invading species.
D. To attend a meeting on the island.
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
Fill in the blanks in the grammar of the text.
The tragic story of Macquarie Island started in 1810
1　　　　　people arrived on the island and brought some rats and mice there
2　　　　　 (unknowing). They soon took over the island,
3　　　　　 (eat) birds' eggs and attacking baby birds. So people brought cats 4　　　　　 ( control) them. But the cats also developed an appetite 5　　　　　birds so that more birds
6　　　　　(kill) by cats.
when
unknowingly
eating
to control
for
were killed
while-reading
Meanwhile, rabbits 7　　　　　(bring) to the island also provided plentiful food for the cats. So people released a virus to kill rabbits. With the rabbits decreasing, the cats turned their attention back io birds. In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. However, with the 8　　　　　(depart) of the cats, the mouse and rat population started to increase and the numbers of rabbits exploded again. All these made 9　　　　　clear that the problem of the rat, mouse and rabbit should be tackled once and for all. So a programme to deal with the very problem has begun. The first step is to drop poison from helicopters. And the next step is to remove the last 10　　　　　(remain) invading species with dogs without harming the native animals.
brought
departure
it
remaining
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
location
chaos
developing an appetite
virus
once and for all
recovery
post-reading
Think & Share
What is your understanding of “… we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending”
Do you think it was right to eradicate the “pests” from Macquarie Island Give your reasons.
How could similar situations be avoided in the future
What language can you use to talk about cause and effect How would you apply it to your reading and writing
post-reading
Think & Share
To avoid similar situations in the future, we should protect the natural ecosystem and be aware of the potential impact that human activities can have on ecosystems.
Vocabulary
1. departure
departure fom...從……離開
arrivals and departures 到站和離站班次
the departure time/gate 離站時間;登機(或上車)口
the departures board 離站時刻牌
depart v. 離開,離去,起程,出發
練習：All the __________________ ( depart ) have been canceled due to the heavy snow.
departures
Vocabulary
2. reserve
reserve sth.for sb. 為某人預訂某物
reserve sth.for sb. 為某人保留某物
reservation n.[C]預訂,預約;保留地;[C,U]保留意見
make areservation 預訂,預約
without reservation 毫無保留地
練習：我以瓊斯的名字預訂了一個房間。I've ___________ a room in the name of Jones.
reserved
Vocabulary
3. multiply
(使)繁殖
These creatures can multiply quickly.這些生物能迅速大量繁殖。
成倍增加,迅速增加
>The amount of information available has multiplied.可獲得的信息大大增加了。
乘，乘以
Multiply 5 and 6 ( together) and you get 30. 5乘以6等于 30。
練習：吸煙大大增加了患心臟病和其他疾病的風險。
Smoking ____________ the risk of heart attacks and other health problems.
multiplies
Vocabulary
4. chaos
rcause chaos 導致混亂
in chaos 處于混亂之中
leconomic/political/domestic chaos 經濟/政治/國內的混亂
Heavy snow has caused total chaos on the roads.
大雪導致道路上一片混亂。
練習：地震后這座城市陷入了一片混亂。
__________________________________________________________
The city was in chaos after the earthquake.
Vocabulary
5. appetite
haveagood/poor/no appetite 胃口好/胃口不好/沒有胃口
develop an appetite for... 對…產生食欲
give sb.an appetite 使某人胃口大開
loss of appetite 食欲不振
have an appetite for... 渴望…(appetite 前可用形容詞修飾)
have no appetite for... 不喜歡…
練習：The young man has no appetite ____________ meat because he has eaten too muc
recently.
for
Vocabulary
6. decrease
decrease by… 減少了……(表示減少的量)
decrease(fom...)to... (從……)減少到…(表示減少后的量)
decrease in.. 在……方面減少
a decrease in... 在…方面減少
on the decrease 在減少
inerease to.. 增加到……(表示增加后的量)
increase by…. 增加了…(表示增加的盤)
lon the increase 在增加
練習：失業青年人數已經有所下降。
The demand for corn is __________________ each year in this country.
on the decrease
Vocabulary
7. out of control
control n.[U,C]管理,管制;[U]管理權,控制權 v.指揮,控制
(in control(of sth.) 掌管(某物/事),控制(某物/事)
in the control of... 受……控制
lose control of... 失去對……的控制
beyond one'scontrol 某人無法掌握,某人無法控制
be under control 被控制住,處于控制之下
bring/keep/get sth.under control 控制得住,抑制得住(從而不造成損害)
練習：一輛卡車在山上失去了控制。A truck ran _________________ on the hill.
out of control
Grammer
The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island,died out in 1891.
that引導表語從句
that 引導表語從句時,只起連接作用,既不充當句子成分,本身也沒有詞義。
The good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about the colour in your home.
好消息是,關于你家里的顏色,你只需要作三種決定。
Grammer
Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants... existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
否定詞（組）置于句首引起的部分倒裝
在否定句中如果要強調該句中的否定概念時，可以將否定詞提前放在句首，這時句子的結構要發生部分倒裝的轉變，即將句中原來謂語動詞中的助動詞、情態動詞或連系動詞be放在該句主語的前面。
本句中的否定詞Nor與所在課文中上一句的No遙相呼應，表示“也不……”，并且其位置位于本句句首，故將謂語動詞中的情態動詞would提至主語前，形成部分倒裝。
Grammer
另外nor還常用于日常會話當中，表示前面所陳述的事實也適合于另一主語，意為“……也不”，也可以用neither。如果表達肯定概念，即“……也是”，則用so。這兩種用法皆使用部分倒裝，如：
—I have never seen so beautiful a place.我從未見過如此美麗的地方。
—Neither/Nor have I.我也沒有。
—I will stay here without going anywhere.我會待在這里哪兒也不去。
—So will I.我也是。
rarely, hardly, seldom, never, barely, little, few等一系列能夠表示否定意義或半否定意義的副詞，及具有否定含義的介詞短語on no account, in no case, in no way, by no means, under no circumstances等。
Seldom did he concentrate on anything other than study. 他兒乎不關注除學習以外的事情。
By no means should a child play with fire. 小孩決不能玩火。
Part 4
Exercise
Exercise
單詞拼寫
1.It is significant to create homes for species that are endangered because of losing their own natural h　　　　　.
2.The park has plenty of restaurants with tasty food for every a　　　　　—every visitor can find their favorite dishes there.
3.With the help of moderate temperature, these microorganisms m　　　　quickly.
4.The environmental group has called for a　　　　　（大量的）reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases.
5.A breakdown in the computer system was responsible for yesterday's　　　　　（大混亂）in the subway station.
abitats
ppetite
ultiply
substantial
chaos
Exercise
用方框內短語適當形式填空
in harmony with fail to in consequence turn out once and for all
1.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive
is to live　　　　　　　nature.
2.With the help of the professor, the local villagers solved their problems　　　　　　　.
3.It　　　　　　　that the stranger with whom wehad our supper that night was manager
of the hotel.
4.He was very careless in the exam and 　　　　　he failed the final examination last time.
5.The ordinary people all look at the intelligent man with admiration because under no circumstances will he　　　　　cope with emergencies.
in harmony with
once and for all
turned out
in consequence
fail to
Part 5
Homework
1.完成課后習題
2.以Live in harmony with nature.為題，寫一篇作文
3.預習下節課語法知識
Homework
See you next class!

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