資源簡介

(共31張PPT)
寫作進階
第二部分　讀后續寫
第三講　續寫情節構建
第一節　擬定續寫框架
做讀后續寫題時，對所給文本后面的故事情節及故事結尾的推斷是寫好讀后續寫的前提。高考所給的讀后續寫形式是半開放性的，這種形式既可以讓考生充分發揮想象力，又能讓考生有章可循。考生在推測后續情節時一般根據兩個方面：第一是所給文章的情節，特別是伏筆之處；第二是所給每段的首句。
一、捕捉續寫點，妙照應銜接
利用捕捉和對應的手法，找到原文設置的伏筆，合理推測照應續寫的段落，以使續寫段落在語言、邏輯和內容上符合原文基調。
二、研讀兩首句，巧構思框架
1．兩段首句定一框
所給第一段的首句既能承接上文，也是本段的起始句，由第二段的首句可以推測第一段的結尾內容。通過這兩段首句可以大體推斷第一段的內容。
2．二框二首正能量
由第二段的首句可以預測第二段的內容，尤其注意結尾一定是圓滿的、皆大歡喜的內容或者正能量的結局。由此可以推斷第二段的主要情節。
【典例示范】
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross-country run.Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路線) through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.He was small for ten years old.His usual big toothy smile was absent today.I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened.“I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained uncomfortably.“I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration(懊惱)．I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing.After making sure that David could run if he wanted，I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing.That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.It just took him longer—that's all.David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish.As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：續寫詞數應為150左右。
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
【情節設計】
一、捕捉續寫點，妙照應銜接
利用捕捉和對應的手法，找到原文設置的伏筆：
1．大衛想放棄比賽：_______________________________________
______________________________________________________________
I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
2．“我”對大衛的處境表示理解，但是贊賞他的決心和毅力：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
二、研讀兩首句，巧構思框架
根據給出的第一段首句“We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.”可知，我們坐在一起，但是 David并沒有看我。由此可見，David此刻很煎熬。這一段可以描寫主人公對 David心情的理解，用語言安慰和鼓勵 David，最終 David態度的變化。
根據給出的第二段首句“I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.”可知， David 來到了起跑線上，準備和其他同學一起參賽。上一段最后的情節需要和第二段首句呼應，描寫 David戰勝了自己，改變了主意，決定繼續參賽。第二段需要描寫 David跑步時的場景， David的努力，觀眾們的反應，比賽最終的結果， David 的心情，主人公的心情。
第一段： We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.
情節構思：________________________________________________
_________________________
第二段：I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
情節構思：________________________________________________
____________
作者鼓勵 David 繼續完成比賽→David經過激烈的心理斗爭→
最終決定參加比賽
David開始參賽→雖然中途遇到困難→仍然堅持到最后，完成
比賽
【范文賞讀】
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. Staring at David，“You never miss a single practice, and I firmly believe that you will finish your run if you bravely face this challenge，”I said gently.He took a relaxed breath.“The reason why you should show up is that you have made full preparations for this event，”I added in a sincere voice.At my words, with tears rolling down his cheeks, David turned to me and firmly expressed his determination to finish the cross-country run.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.The race started.It was difficult for the young to run so long a distance, not to mention David with a brain disease.However, David kept running as he practiced again and again, though he was out of breath within a few kilometers.He always picked himself up again and continued his running.To our delight, David reached the finish line and won a medal for his persistence.It was his strong determination that made a difference.
第二節　續寫情節優化
讀后續寫中的情節設計不能天馬行空、脫離題目給定的前文和兩段首句。我們必須依據情節發展和常識，在給定的框架內，可按“所見、所聞、所說、所思、所做”或從環境、心理、動作、語言和情感等五個方面著手，每段寫5至8個句子，豐富情節內容，推動問題的解決。
1．所見：環境描寫/人物描寫/神情描寫
細致刻畫文中主人公看到了什么，描寫所看到的景象：環境、人物和神情等。
2．所聞/所說：語言描寫
即文中人物說了什么，描寫文中主人公和其他人物的對話。
3．所思：心理描寫
即文中人物心里想了什么，描寫文中主人公心理活動。
4．所做：動作描寫
即文中人物做了什么，細致刻畫描寫文中人物的動作。
【典例示范】
(2022·1月浙江卷改編)
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
When Dr. Henderson was assigning(指定) project mates for his psychology class，I secretly hoped that he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with.Above all，I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.As fate(命運) would have it, Dr.Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid.
I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself.He looked at me as though I weren't there.I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.He wasn't mean or abusive; he just gave me the impression that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone.
Needless to say, I didn't look forward to an entire term of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn't say anything for fear that I would make things worse.
The project required each team to develop a hypothesis(假說), set up an experiment to test the hypothesis, do the statistical analysis and present the findings.Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students.
When my teammate and I met to discuss our project，I was uneasy.Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me.I actually wanted to drop the class at one point, but stopped short because I didn't want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out.I decided to stick to it no matter what.
After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers.I wasn't sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic.
注意：續寫詞數應為150左右。
We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.
One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.
【續寫分析】
利用“五所”設問，豐富續寫內容
1．第一段我們可以大膽設問：
(1)__________________________________________
(2)_____________________________________________
(3)_____________________________________________
(4)_____________________________________________
根據這四個問題，第一段就有內容可寫了。
Did we share our ideas with each other？
Would that boy like to accept my opinions？
What should I do when he ignored my advice？
How would I feel when he ignored my advice？
2．第二段我們可以大膽設問：
(1)_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(2)_______________________________________
(3)________________________________________________
(4)__________________________________________
How would I feel when I got the news that he was admitted to hospital
for a serious disease？
Did I go to the hospital to see him？
How would he feel when he saw me in his ward？
How did we do the project from then on？
(5)_____________________________________
(6)______________________________________________
(7)______________________________________
這樣，根據設問，整理答案，適當擴充，再運用恰當的動作描寫、心理描寫和一些高級表達，用上適當的過渡詞語，就組成一篇完整的文章了。
Was the project completed on time？
Was the teacher satisfied with our project？
What did we learn from the project？
【范文賞讀】
We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully，I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back(所思：心理描寫)．I just kept nodding when he asked me whether it's OK to do this way or that way(所做：動作描寫)．I thought it was impossible to persuade him into accepting my views, so I didn't want to waste our time to discuss(所思：心理描寫)．I just hoped that the presentation day could come earlier.
One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.I felt so sorry to hear that and I thought I should visit him in any case(所思：心理描寫)．He was a little surprised to see me when I stepped into his ward with some flowers and fruits(所見、所做：神情和動作描寫)．I offered to do the rest work of our project and he invited me to share my ideas to perfect it.We began to work as a fine team and finally finished our project on time(所做：動作描寫)．Our hard work paid off and Dr.Henderson was very satisfied with our wonderful findings.From this project, we also learned the significance of teammates(所思：心理描寫)．Just as the saying goes, one person can go far, but a group of persons can travel farther.

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