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七選五真題匯編
2025年1月浙江卷
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. ___36___ There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. ___37___ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. ___38___ However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
___39___
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. ___40___
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A. Be patient.
B. Get the audience involved.
C. The best messages are often simple.
D. Speak directly to what matters to them.
E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
2025年1月八省聯(lián)考
Join the Friends and find the place that's right for you
●Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum
Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students, scholars, and alumni （校友）. 36 . Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire to be part of a cultural community. Friends are interested and active in the life of the Art Museum. Friends are art lovers-just like you.
● 37
As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum's educational programs. By joining the Friends, you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to enjoy, and to love.
●What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy
38 . When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum, you also become part of a great tradition. Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. 39 , and they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings.
●How do I join the Friends
Becoming a Friend is easy. 40 , return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately. If you prefer, you may join online at artmuseum. edu/support/become-a-member, or when you visit the Museum Store.
A. Why does membership matter
B. How can I learn about the Friends
C. Simply complete the membership form
D. You can then see the full range of Friends benefits
E. Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities
F. Friends receive a subscription to the Museum's quarterly magazine
G. Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds
2024年6月新高考1卷
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同義詞詞典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
2024年6月新高考2卷
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights
●___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (榮幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
2024年6月全國卷
What is moderation (適度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情緒的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
2024年6月北京卷
If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ___35___ And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. ___36___ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.
___37___ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.
The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ___38___ They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know.
So, which is better The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ___39___ The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.
【
2024年1月浙江卷
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
2024年1月九省聯(lián)考
Common Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere （妨礙） with training or lead to injury 36 , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.
·Doing too much too soon
One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine 37 .
· 38
Beginners might think they need to run every day （or nearly every day） to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn't be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts.
·Not wearing the right equipment
39 , it's important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.
Running through pain
40 If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain Remember: It doesn't make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.
A. Not taking rest days
B. If you're just starting out
C. Comparing yourself to others
D. Running can be uncomfortable at times
E. It's important not to use the same muscles
F. While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running
G. Expert s suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week
2023年6月新高考1卷
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯錯) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陳詞濫調(diào)) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
2023年6月新高考2卷
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反饋) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
2023年6月全國甲卷
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (滿足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
2023年6月全國乙卷
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物種) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
2023年6月北京卷
It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注冊) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
2023年2月四省聯(lián)考
There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing. People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. ____16____
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. ____17____ Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues. These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasized by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years. Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. ____18____ The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
____19____ The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment. Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. ____20____ Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.
A Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B. Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.
C. Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D. This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E. None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry.
F. Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
G. This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.
2023年1月浙江卷
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____36____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ____37____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ____38____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. ____39____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. ____40____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
2022年新高考1卷
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
2022年全國甲卷
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (禮節(jié)) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___37___.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___39___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___40___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
2022年全國乙卷
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (聯(lián)系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___36___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___37___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___40___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
2022年新高考2卷
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皺) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大塊) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷）
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
2.（2021年全國甲卷）Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（資源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
3.（2021年全國乙卷）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living ”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___ If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （講臺）. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（贊揚(yáng)）. ___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
4.（2021年6月浙江卷）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直覺）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【2020年】
1.（2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___36___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___37___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
2.（2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Emoji(表情符號) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ___36___. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ___37___, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ___38___. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲線). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(語氣). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day ___39___. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
___40___ and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
3.（2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅲ）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ___39___
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. ___40___ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
4.（2020·山東卷）閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16___Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ ___17___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___18___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
5.（2020·浙江卷）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. ___31___ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. ___34___ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特點) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
___35___My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【2019年】
1. 【2019·全國卷I】
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情緒).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
2. 【2019·全國卷II】
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
3. 【2019·全國卷III】
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(邏輯)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教學(xué)大綱)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion forums(論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___
Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
4. 【2019·北京卷】
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(協(xié)調(diào))their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比賽)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
5. 【2019·浙江卷】
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. ___31___ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___32___ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(傳說). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.
___33___ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___34___ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___35___
A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965).
G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.
【2018年】
1.【2018·全國I】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Color is fundamental in home design——something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life Professional Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day ____36____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.____37____, they can get a little complex .But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
____38____. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable .
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves ____39____. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.____40____.
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways2.【2018·全國II】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. ___36___ Working out in the morning provides additi七選五真題匯編
2025年1月浙江卷
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. ___36___ There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. ___37___ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. ___38___ However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
___39___
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. ___40___
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A. Be patient.
B. Get the audience involved.
C. The best messages are often simple.
D. Speak directly to what matters to them.
E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
【答案】36-40 CDGBF
本文講述了有效溝通的方式，其關(guān)鍵在于表達(dá)簡潔明了，讓對方保持興趣。
36.C 前文提到“Trying to do too much”會影響溝通效果，強(qiáng)調(diào)了“簡潔明了”的重要性。選項C“最好的信息通常是簡單的”與此觀點一致，符合語境，故選C項。
37.D 根據(jù)前文提到“Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests”，我們可以推測，最好的做法是“直接說出他們關(guān)心的內(nèi)容”，選項D“直接說出對他們重要的內(nèi)容”與之相符，故選D項。
38.G 前文提到“Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored”，說明即使聽眾很投入，也容易厭倦。選項G“作為演講者，你已經(jīng)知道你要說什么”解釋了為何應(yīng)簡潔地傳達(dá)信息，因為觀眾已經(jīng)是初次聽到，避免冗長的表達(dá)，符合語境，故選G項。
39.B 根據(jù)下文提到“Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others”，可以推測，最好的方法是“讓聽眾參與進(jìn)來”，選項B“讓聽眾參與其中”與此一致，故選B項。
40. F 前文提到“Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions”，說明書面溝通可以為聽眾提供時間進(jìn)行回顧和提問，選項F“這還會給他們提供一個方便回顧的記錄”符合這一點，故選F項。
2025年1月八省聯(lián)考
Join the Friends and find the place that's right for you
●Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum
Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students, scholars, and alumni （校友）. 36 . Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire to be part of a cultural community. Friends are interested and active in the life of the Art Museum. Friends are art lovers-just like you.
● 37
As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum's educational programs. By joining the Friends, you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to enjoy, and to love.
●What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy
38 . When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum, you also become part of a great tradition. Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. 39 , and they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings.
●How do I join the Friends
Becoming a Friend is easy. 40 , return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately. If you prefer, you may join online at artmuseum. edu/support/become-a-member, or when you visit the Museum Store.
A. Why does membership matter
B. How can I learn about the Friends
C. Simply complete the membership form
D. You can then see the full range of Friends benefits
E. Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities
F. Friends receive a subscription to the Museum's quarterly magazine
G. Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds
本文介紹了大學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館的“朋友”計劃，邀請藝術(shù)愛好者加入，并詳細(xì)說明了“朋友”的身份、會員的好處及如何加入等信息。
G 根據(jù)段首“Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum ”，此段主要解釋“朋友”的身份。結(jié)合下文提到“他們是家庭、學(xué)生、學(xué)者等”，G項“朋友是來自各種年齡、興趣、能力和文化背景的人”與上下文契合，進(jìn)一步概括了“朋友”的多樣性。
A 此段標(biāo)題的問句對應(yīng)下文關(guān)于“Why membership matters”這一主題，討論會員對博物館支持的重要性。A項“為什么會員身份重要”最貼合問題并概括下文內(nèi)容。
E 下文提到“當(dāng)您成為博物館朋友時，您也成為這一偉大傳統(tǒng)的一部分”，說明會員身份是參與各種機(jī)會的入口。E項“朋友會員是您進(jìn)入眾多機(jī)會的通道”與下文邏輯一致，符合段落主旨。
F 下文提到會員可獲得展覽開幕、講座等機(jī)會，而F項“朋友會收到博物館的季刊訂閱”補(bǔ)充了會員具體能獲得的其中一項好處，與上下文緊密銜接。
40. C 標(biāo)題“如何加入朋友？”引導(dǎo)讀者了解加入方式。下文提到“完成會員表格并附上年費(fèi)”，因此C項“只需完成會員表格”是該段的起始句，與后文承接自然。
2024年6月新高考1卷
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同義詞詞典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者使用英語詞典的經(jīng)驗和心得以及從中獲得的樂趣。
【36題詳解】
上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想發(fā)表，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的)”提到了完美的、專業(yè)的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有語法和拼寫錯誤是專業(yè)的手稿的要求之一。F選項“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(這意味著語法正確，沒有拼寫錯誤。)”是對手稿要求的進(jìn)一步解釋說明，符合題意。故選F項。
【37題詳解】
上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查器。)”提到了作者不相信電腦的拼寫檢查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在有很多在線詞典和同義詞庫，但我是一個守舊的人，更喜歡精裝的書和能用手指翻閱的書頁。)”提到了作者更喜歡實體書和能用手指翻閱的書頁，說明電子設(shè)備可能不會考慮上下文，所以B選項“It takes no account of the context.(它不考慮上下文。)”解釋了上文的原因，具有承上啟下的作用。故選B項。
【38題詳解】
下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它應(yīng)該給出每個單詞的精確定義，從而將其與其他含義相似但不相同的單詞區(qū)分開來。它通常還會顯示單詞的發(fā)音。)”提到了字典的功能，E選項“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(當(dāng)然，字典不僅僅是用來拼寫的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文內(nèi)容。故選E項。
【39題詳解】
下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要檢查一個單詞的來源或查找其用法的例子，沒有什么比這更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情況，A選項“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不經(jīng)常用這本字典。)”是對字典使用頻率的說明，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項。
【40題詳解】
上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(約翰遜在解釋“dull”的一個定義時寫道：“編字典是件無聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了編寫字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花幾分鐘的時間瀏覽一兩頁是一種有益的體驗。)”提到瀏覽字典也是一種閱讀的樂趣，D選項“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典讀起來是一種樂趣。)”是作者對字典的評價，與上文的“乏味”形成對比，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項。
2024年6月新高考2卷
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights
●___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (榮幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了如何避免“過度旅游”的現(xiàn)象。
【16題詳解】
前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促進(jìn)理解，擴(kuò)展我們的思想，使我們成為更好的人，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)和社區(qū)，但旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了某些地區(qū)和目的地的過度旅游)”表明旅游帶來了一些問題，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在當(dāng)今世界，失去旅行所能提供的東西將是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，結(jié)合后文“Certainly not.(當(dāng)然不)”可知，空處提問能否停止旅行，D選項“那么，我們應(yīng)該停止旅行嗎？”符合語境。故選B。
【17題詳解】
前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客過多的目的地是有原因的：它們很特別。網(wǎng)上有這么多關(guān)于同一個地方的帖子，很容易讓你覺得你錯過了。只有當(dāng)風(fēng)景、文化或食物深深吸引你時，才去某個地方)”表明不要跟風(fēng)旅游，C選項“為你而不是其他人旅行”表明要關(guān)注自己在旅行時的感受，忠實自己的感受，不用管其余的建議，符合語境。故選C。
【18題詳解】
前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(這意味著你有很多不太受歡迎的選擇)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights ( 為什么不嘗試一個地區(qū)性的選擇，或者看看一個熱門目的地不太為人所知的景點呢)”提出建議，可以選擇一些冷門的景點，E選項“你仍然可以找到相對未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方”符合語境。故選E。
19題詳解】
空處為小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通過跳過重大節(jié)假日或高峰時間來最小化影響并最大化體驗)”表示旅游時要注意避開高峰期，選擇合適的時間，A選項“在非高峰時間參觀”概括本段內(nèi)容。故選A。
【20題詳解】
前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(盡你的一份力，從一開始就保護(hù)一個目的地的特別之處)”表明旅游時應(yīng)保護(hù)旅游景點，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你和那里的人感覺如此親近)”表示這樣做的感受，G選項“考慮回饋你所訪問的社區(qū)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。
2024年6月全國卷
What is moderation (適度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情緒的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了，在飲食上注意節(jié)制及其如何節(jié)制的方法。
【16題詳解】
上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味著只吃你身體需要的食物，你應(yīng)該在用餐結(jié)束時感到滿足，但不要太飽)”指出，進(jìn)餐時不要吃太飽，吃東西要適量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但這并不意味著要告別你喜歡的食物)”指出，適量進(jìn)食不是要放棄吃自己喜歡的食物。F項“對我們許多人來說，節(jié)制意味著比現(xiàn)在吃的少。”解釋了何為適量進(jìn)食。承上啟下，符合文意，選項中的“means”與下文一致。故選F項。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢來。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營養(yǎng)東西，而不僅僅是會議間隙吃的東西，這一點很重要)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細(xì)嚼慢咽，不要過于急躁。C項“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一頓飯。”承接上文。符合文意。故選C項。
【18題詳解】
上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了不健康的零食，比如餅干，那么適量食用就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于適度飲食，E項“相反，你應(yīng)該選擇健康的食物。”符合文意，建議讀者選擇健康的食物。選項中的“healthy”與上文中的“unhealthy”相對應(yīng)。故選E項。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段首句“Control emotional (情緒的) eating. (控制情緒化進(jìn)食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我們中的許多人也會求助于食物來處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、孤獨(dú)或無聊)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者不要情緒化的進(jìn)行暴飲暴食，要進(jìn)行健康飲食。B項“我們吃東西并不總是為了充饑。”指出有些人吃東西并不總是為了充饑，引出下文有些人通過食物發(fā)泄情緒，符合語境。故選B項。
【20題詳解】
設(shè)空處位于段首，總結(jié)全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以啟動你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜進(jìn)食。盡量早點吃晚飯，禁食14 — 16個小時，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我們在一天中的每個時間段都要健康飲食。A項“全天合理飲食。”符合語境。故選A項。
2024年6月北京卷
If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ___35___ And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. ___36___ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.
___37___ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.
The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ___38___ They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know.
So, which is better The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ___39___ The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.
【答案】35. G 36. C 37. D 38. F 39. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了擁有“刺猬”型思維方式和“狐貍”型思維方式的兩類人對于個人和企業(yè)建立信譽(yù)度的優(yōu)劣勢。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.(擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人傾向于給出肯定的答案)” 可知，擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人傾向于給出肯定的答案，G項中They 指代上文中的Hedgehog，G項“他們明確地站在一邊或另一邊，并全力支持自己的立場”說明擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人往往有明確的立場，承接上文，符合語境。故選G。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. (他們專注于一件事并把它做得很好。他們知道自己擅長什么)”可知，擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人具備優(yōu)點，他們可以專注于一件事并知道自己擅長什么。C項“因此，他們的優(yōu)勢是（頭腦）清楚和自信”進(jìn)一步說明擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人的優(yōu)點，承接上文，符合語境。故選C。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. (他發(fā)現(xiàn)，擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人不僅比擁有“狐貍”型思維方式的人更容易出錯，而且當(dāng)事情與他們的預(yù)測不相符時他們不太可能意識到，也不太可能承認(rèn)自己錯了)”可知，此處介紹擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人的缺點。D項“但是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能會有不利的一面” 引出下文，介紹擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人具備缺點，符合語境。故選D。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. (“狐貍”型思維方式的人的優(yōu)勢在于，他們更有可能從更廣泛的來源中尋找新信息，并且對不確定性和新信息感到舒適)”和下文“They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. (他們試圖將其納入自己的觀點，而不是將其排除在自己的思維之外)”可知，此處介紹擁有“狐貍”型思維方式的人處理事情的方式。F項“當(dāng)某件事與他們的觀點相矛盾時，他們不會把它當(dāng)作例外”承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. (這個問題可以用“像狐貍的刺猬”風(fēng)格來回答)”和下文“The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. (成為擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人還是擁有“狐貍”型思維方式的人的選擇是一種錯誤的權(quán)衡)”可知，擁有“刺猬”型思維方式的人和擁有“狐貍”型思維方式的人各有優(yōu)勢。A項“換句話說，兩者都有其明顯的優(yōu)勢”承上啟下，符合語境。故選A。
2024年1月浙江卷
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在線學(xué)習(xí)的注意事項。
【16題詳解】
由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. (在過去的幾年里，在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)成為大學(xué)生活的重要組成部分)”可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)對大學(xué)生活很重要，本空要說跟“這種現(xiàn)象的具體表現(xiàn)”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項“A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. (一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，29%的大學(xué)生注冊了在線課程。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G。
【17題詳解】
由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade (但是所有的在線課程都是平等的嗎？你如何確定數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)適合你？)”可知，上文對在線課程提出疑問，本空可以繼續(xù)提出疑問，故F選項“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade (如果你參加了在線課程，你能做些什么來確保盡可能好的成績？)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F。
【18題詳解】
由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在線學(xué)習(xí)最明顯的優(yōu)勢是你可以隨時隨地學(xué)習(xí))”可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)具備的優(yōu)勢是可以讓你隨時隨地學(xué)習(xí)，本空要說跟“學(xué)習(xí)時間”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但這并不意味著沒有最后期限。)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，that指代上一句話，符合題意。故選A。
【19題詳解】
由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在線學(xué)生最終的成績通常較低)”可知，本空要說跟“在線老師”有關(guān)的話題，故D選項“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. (Alex Davidson教授親自授課和在線授課)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D項中的“Alex Davidson教授”，符合題意。故選D。
【20題詳解】
由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. (社會關(guān)系通常是學(xué)習(xí)的重要組成部分。你可以做一些事情來緩解這個問題。本科生杰西卡·平克建議和朋友一起參加在線課程，這樣你們就可以互相激勵，堅持下去。你也可以在課堂討論板上找到學(xué)生，組織一個學(xué)習(xí)小組，或者安排與教授面對面的會議，討論課程概念)”可知，本空要說跟“人們之間的互動”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項“The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction. (對在線課程的主要抱怨是它們?nèi)狈θ伺c人之間的互動。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選E。
2024年1月九省聯(lián)考
Common Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere （妨礙） with training or lead to injury 36 , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.
·Doing too much too soon
One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine 37 .
· 38
Beginners might think they need to run every day （or nearly every day） to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn't be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts.
·Not wearing the right equipment
39 , it's important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.
Running through pain
40 If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain Remember: It doesn't make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.
A. Not taking rest days
B. If you're just starting out
C. Comparing yourself to others
D. Running can be uncomfortable at times
E. It's important not to use the same muscles
F. While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running
G. Expert s suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week
36-40 BGAFD
【文本導(dǎo)讀】文章講述了跑步新手常犯的錯誤，包括過快增加訓(xùn)練量、缺乏休息、不穿適當(dāng)裝備和忽視疼痛，提醒跑者應(yīng)循序漸進(jìn)、注意休息和適當(dāng)裝備，避免受傷。
【36題詳解】
考查句意理解。句意：“然而，許多人都會犯一些常見的錯誤，這些錯誤可能會干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅Ｓ涀∵@些事項可以幫助你提高跑步成功的機(jī)會。” 這里提示新手跑步者應(yīng)該記住的事項，以避免常見錯誤。選項B "If you're just starting out"（如果你剛開始跑步）符合此處的語境，作為對新跑步者的直接建議。同時，注意本空后面是逗號，故而，空處是狀語從句較為合適。綜上，故選B。
【37題詳解】
考查段落銜接。句意：“慢慢地進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練計劃將有助于減少受傷的風(fēng)險，這樣你就可以繼續(xù)你的新跑步習(xí)慣。” 這里討論的是逐漸增加跑步強(qiáng)度的重要性。選項G "Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week"（專家建議每周增加的跑步距離不超過10%）正好銜接上文，與該段小標(biāo)題“Doing too much too soon”給出了具體的建議。故選G。
【38題詳解】
句意：“初學(xué)者可能認(rèn)為他們需要每天（或幾乎每天）跑步來達(dá)到他們的健身或減肥目標(biāo)，但事實并非如此。” 這里討論的是跑步頻率的誤區(qū)。選項A "Not taking rest days"（沒有休息日）緊扣上文的話題，說明初學(xué)者可能忽略休息的重要性。故選A。
【39題詳解】
句意：“然而，重要的是你要為你的鍛煉穿著適當(dāng)。” 這里討論的是穿著合適裝備的重要性。選項F "While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running"（盡管開始跑步可能不需要昂貴的裝備）引出了即使不需要昂貴的裝備，也要選擇合適的跑鞋，同時，equipment”呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“the right equipment”，故選F。
【40題詳解】
句意：“如果在跑步時你感到疼痛，你需要停下來并處理這種疼痛。” 這里討論的是面對跑步時的疼痛應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對。選項D "Running can be uncomfortable at times"（有時候跑步可能會不舒服）引出了對跑步中的不適感的討論，與后文處理疼痛（“you need to stop and treat the pain”）相呼應(yīng)。故選D。
2023年6月新高考1卷
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯錯) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陳詞濫調(diào)) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章鼓勵人們練習(xí)自我寬恕，并提供了一個簡單的寫作練習(xí)來增強(qiáng)自信。通過列出個人的優(yōu)點和善良的行為，人們可以學(xué)會原諒自己的錯誤，并從中成長。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯錯) is human. (為錯誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任是積極的一步，但不要因此而自責(zé)。人孰能無過)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人都會犯錯，勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要，但是也不要因此而過于自責(zé)。結(jié)合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的寫作練習(xí)來幫助你做到這一點)”中的“do this”以及下文內(nèi)容可推斷，空處應(yīng)該內(nèi)容和“不要太自責(zé)”相似。選項D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (寬恕自己也同樣重要)”與“不要太自責(zé)”語意相近，起承上啟下的作用。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ” (在日記或紙上寫上“個人優(yōu)點”)”以及空后內(nèi)容“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. (你有愛心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個好的傾聽者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只要你個性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個性中的優(yōu)點。選項B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點)”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點。故選B。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二頁的頂部，寫上“善舉”的標(biāo)題。在這張單子上，列出你為別人做過的所有積極的事情。它可能是當(dāng)你幫助朋友做作業(yè)的時候，當(dāng)你沒有被要求卻主動熨衣服的時候，或者當(dāng)你在家人累了一天之后烤餅干的時候)”可知，本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。選項F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起來有多小，都要把它寫下來)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，講述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都記下來。故選F。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (這樣，你們就可以交換意見，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€人都與眾不同，以及你們個性中閃光的方面)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會使得你和朋友們一起交換意見等。選項C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他們甚至可能想試一試做練習(xí))”符合語境，C項中的“they”與空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同時選項C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. (事實上，不要等到你犯了錯誤才去嘗試這個——這是一個在任何時候都能增強(qiáng)自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’s something of a cliché (陳詞濫調(diào)) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學(xué)習(xí)，而是從他們的錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，這是陳詞濫調(diào)。但事實是，這是真的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人是從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)。選項G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么錯誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合語境，G項中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我們一直在改變和學(xué)習(xí)，錯誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯錯并不是性格中固有的一面，我們是通過錯誤來成長。故選G。
2023年6月新高考2卷
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反饋) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了了一些開始藝術(shù)之旅的好建議。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (從小開始。我建議使用一個素描本進(jìn)行小規(guī)模的學(xué)習(xí)和實踐。這些小的學(xué)習(xí)和實踐可以提供靈感，并成為未來更復(fù)雜的作品的跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你會想要回顧一下自己的藝術(shù)之旅，看看自己已經(jīng)取得多少進(jìn)步)”可知，空處應(yīng)是一個過渡句，從給出建議使用一個素描本進(jìn)行小規(guī)模的學(xué)習(xí)和實踐，到回顧自己的藝術(shù)之旅，所以C項“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初學(xué)時的藝術(shù)作品)”符合文意，和后文形成順承關(guān)系。故選C項。
【17題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，位于段尾，是對本段的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. (經(jīng)常作畫，且從生活中作畫。沒有什么比不斷練習(xí)更能提高你的藝術(shù)水平了。無論你是繪制靜物、肖像還是風(fēng)景，都要盡可能地從真實生活中去觀察和繪制)”可知，本段主要講述不斷練習(xí)繪畫，所以G項“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你會逐漸形成只有通過反復(fù)練習(xí)才能獲得的繪畫肌肉記憶)”是對前文的總結(jié)。故選G項。
【18題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，空處位于第二句，此處應(yīng)是對前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋，并同時引出后文，根據(jù)前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，嘗試新事物)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (藝術(shù)的成長可能會有點痛苦)”可知，A項“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你的舒適區(qū))”是對前句的進(jìn)一步說明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選A項。
【19題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反饋) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (尋求并接受有建設(shè)性的反饋對于你的成長非常重要。我在社交媒體上發(fā)布我的作品，并因此結(jié)識了一些最友好的人。無論我的藝術(shù)水平如何，他們都讓我感到受到了重視和尊重)”可知，本段主要講述了是分享自己的作品，所以D項“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感覺舒適的話，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故選D項。
【20題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，空處位于第二句，此處應(yīng)是對前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋，并同時引出后文，根據(jù)前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不會是一條筆直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (堅持下去，給它時間，付出努力。你將收獲藝術(shù)生活的回報)”可知，E項“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你會遇到障礙，有時你會感到氣餒)”是對前句的進(jìn)一步說明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選E項。
2023年6月全國甲卷
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (滿足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了變得耐心的一些方法。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. (這里有一個謎語：交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期開始有什么共同之處？答案只有一個)”可知，本句說明上文謎語答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G選項“在這些情況下，我們都需要一點額外的耐心”符合語境，故選G。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大學(xué)的研究員葉麗說：“表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心。E選項中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項“它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心”符合語境，故選E。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我們養(yǎng)成等待習(xí)慣的唯一方法就是練習(xí))”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜歡的節(jié)目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列舉的事情都是日常的小事，說明要從小事開始練習(xí)等待，故B選項“從小任務(wù)開始”符合語境，故選B。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我們中的許多人都認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時，我們會對環(huán)境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結(jié)合前文的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，C選項中uncomfortable對應(yīng)后文comfortable。故C選項“接受不舒服”符合語境，故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你應(yīng)該學(xué)會對自己說……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你會逐漸變得更有耐心)”結(jié)合本段主要說明的是不舒服的狀態(tài)，可知，本句為對自己所說的話與接受不舒服相關(guān)，故F選項“這僅僅是不舒服，而不是無法忍受”符合語境，故選F。
2023年6月全國乙卷
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物種) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物帶來的好處及你能種植哪些室內(nèi)植物。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它們可以通過改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強(qiáng)記憶力來促進(jìn)人們的健康)”可知，此處與下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成not only…but“不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它們不僅看起來很漂亮)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選B。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Many of these species (物種) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(這些品種中的許多都不適合在英國戶外生長，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的環(huán)境中生長，即適合在溫暖的地方生長。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它們在溫暖的室內(nèi)生長得更好)能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選D。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾個月里，房子周圍的植物真的能提升你的情緒)”可知，室內(nèi)植物對人有好處。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選C。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通過去除二氧化碳等有害氣體來凈化周圍的空氣。它們還能去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，盆栽植物能夠清除有害物質(zhì)。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之類的植物是最好的)能夠承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物，符合語境。故選E。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年輕的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成熟時照顧它們——這是擁有植物的樂趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的)能夠承接上文，同時引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”(它可以為人們的生活帶來新的興趣和焦點，并有助于建立家庭與自然之間的聯(lián)系。)”具體介紹了了解每種植物的需求的好處。故選G。
2023年6月北京卷
It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注冊) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何選擇高校提供了一些建議。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(對于美國的學(xué)生和他們的家人來說，這是一年中既快樂又緊張的時刻， 因為他們要決定去哪里上大學(xué)。家庭經(jīng)常求助于排名系統(tǒng)來幫助做決定。)”可知，美國的學(xué)生和家人們在決定去哪兒上大學(xué)時，經(jīng)常求助于排名系統(tǒng)。而根據(jù)下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名較低的大學(xué)的課程在教學(xué)方面的平均得分高于排名較高的大學(xué)的課程。)”可推斷出，本文主要講述的是排名方面出現(xiàn)的問題。選項D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一個關(guān)鍵因素：教學(xué)質(zhì)量。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出大學(xué)排名存在的問題；而根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容也可以推斷，排名中存在的問題是教學(xué)質(zhì)量被忽略。故選D。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.(作為一名研究高等教育的學(xué)者，當(dāng)我與一些家庭交談時，他們常常驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)水平并沒有被納入排名。)”可知，大學(xué)排名中優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)水平并沒有被納入排名讓人們覺得很驚訝。選項F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更讓他們驚訝的是，大學(xué)竟然低估了教學(xué)的價值。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指的都是大學(xué)排名忽略教學(xué)質(zhì)量。其中“more surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故選F。
【37題詳解】
空前內(nèi)容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名較低的大學(xué)的課程在教學(xué)方面的平均得分高于排名較高的大學(xué)的課程。)”以及空后內(nèi)容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考慮到高質(zhì)量教學(xué)與學(xué)生成功之間的聯(lián)系，排名中沒有優(yōu)秀教學(xué)令人驚訝。優(yōu)質(zhì)教學(xué)是衡量大學(xué)成績的最重要因素之一。)”講述的都是大學(xué)排名中沒有考慮到教學(xué)。選項G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事實上，大學(xué)經(jīng)常把重點從教學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)移到其他排名因素上。)”與上下文內(nèi)容相一致，故選G。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注冊) or funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中對教學(xué)重視程度較低的一個原因。管理者通常不會將卓越的教學(xué)視為增加入學(xué)率或資金的一種方式。)”可知，上文分析了教學(xué)不被納入排名的原因，該空應(yīng)該講其后果。選項B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晉升中不受重視。)”是上文內(nèi)容的延續(xù)，正因為管理人員通常不把卓越的教學(xué)視為增加入學(xué)率或增加資金的一種方式，所以教學(xué)在招聘和晉升中不受重視。故選B。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(盡管如此，在擁有高質(zhì)量教學(xué)的學(xué)校獲得更多資源、更高排名和增加入學(xué)人數(shù)之前，不會有太大變化。從長遠(yuǎn)來看，大學(xué)、學(xué)校排名組織和其他機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該努力使教學(xué)成為使命的一個有價值的核心部分。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為想要強(qiáng)調(diào)教學(xué)質(zhì)量還需要更多努力。根據(jù)“Nevertheless”可知，空處內(nèi)容和下文內(nèi)容存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。選項C“Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.(高質(zhì)量的教學(xué)一直是建立聲譽(yù)的重要因素。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了高質(zhì)量教學(xué)的重要性，而下文則話題一轉(zhuǎn)，指出了高質(zhì)量教學(xué)的難處。故選C。
2023年2月四省聯(lián)考
There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing. People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. ____16____
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. ____17____ Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues. These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasized by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years. Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. ____18____ The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
____19____ The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment. Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. ____20____ Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.
A Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B. Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.
C. Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D. This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E. None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry.
F. Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
G. This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了由于過度捕撈淺水魚類的數(shù)量已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重下降，以及由此導(dǎo)致的后果。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic.”（人們?nèi)匀幌氤贼~，因此漁業(yè)必須尋找其他來源，特別是大西洋的深水區(qū)）推知，選項承接上文說明以上做法導(dǎo)致的不良影響。故G選項“這導(dǎo)致許多被捕獲物種的數(shù)量急劇下降”切題。故選G項。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”（對五種這樣的物種的研究表明，數(shù)量下降了87%到98%）可知，數(shù)量下降到了一定程度，我們便稱為它們?yōu)椤皹O度瀕危”物種。故D選項“這使得它們被歸為“極度瀕危”物種”切題，this指代上文提到的“numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”。故選D項。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years.”（深海魚類需要很長時間繁殖，通常可以活很多年）根據(jù)下文“The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.”（這些魚的平均尺寸也在下降，其中一個物種的平均尺寸下降了57%。這一點值得特別關(guān)注，因為大魚往往比小魚生育更多的后代）可知，選項承接上下文說明深海魚類的繁殖率非常低。故C選項“不幸的是，它們的繁殖率非常低”切題。故選C項。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.”（深海魚類被捕獲，仿佛它們是沙丁魚和鯡魚等快速繁殖的魚類。這就像把大象當(dāng)作繁殖速度飛快的兔子殺死一樣）可知，漁業(yè)忽略了一些物種繁殖速度慢的事實。故E選項“漁業(yè)沒有考慮到這些事實”故選E項。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry.”（數(shù)百萬人以漁業(yè)為生）可知，選項與上文為并列關(guān)系，說明漁業(yè)對人的重要作用。故A選項“數(shù)十億人依賴魚類獲取蛋白質(zhì)”切題。故選A項。
2023年1月浙江卷
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____36____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ____37____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ____38____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. ____39____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. ____40____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述一些關(guān)于如何使坐火車旅行盡可能愉快的建議。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.(提前計劃。大多數(shù)長途火車，尤其是臥鋪，很快就賣光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. (但無論你什么時候去旅行，最好至少提前90天預(yù)訂。)”可知，大多數(shù)長途火車的臥鋪很容易被定完，所以要提前安排預(yù)定，D項“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合語境，D項中“busy summer months”與前后文呼應(yīng)，說明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前計劃。故選D項。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一個好的旅行社有時可以幫你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. (這樣你就不必為了吃飯而每天三次在行駛的火車上穿過幾節(jié)車廂了。)”可知，好的旅行社幫你預(yù)定，不僅可以找到打折的票，還可以節(jié)省從臥鋪到餐車的距離，G項中“book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”與前后文對應(yīng)，因此推斷G項“他可能還會給你預(yù)訂餐廳旁邊的臥鋪車廂。”符合語境。故選G項。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.(當(dāng)你乘坐火車時，你不會免費(fèi)獲得一條毯子，即使你的旅行是過夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. (特別是在夏天，空調(diào)會讓他們很冷。)”可知，這里提到了車廂內(nèi)溫度的問題，提醒乘客最好自備毛毯，C項中“The temperature on rail cars”與前后文對應(yīng)，因此推斷C項“列車上的溫度通常很難控制。”符合語境。故選C項。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.(大多數(shù)火車每天只開一趟，有些火車一周只開三趟，所以錯過你的火車可能是一場災(zāi)難。)”以及下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. (注意:時刻表上列出的時間是出發(fā)時間，不是到達(dá)時間。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排時間，錯過時間是很麻煩的事情，E項中“You might have to wait longer”與前后文對應(yīng)，說明錯過火車導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，因此推斷E項“你可能要等上超過24小時才能趕上下一班。”符合語境。故選E項。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Have fun.(玩得開心)”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts).”(要計算你的速度，用3600(一小時的秒數(shù))除以你走一英里(兩個里程碑之間的距離)所花費(fèi)的秒數(shù)。)”可知，本段講述如何度過乘車時間，A項中講到火車旅行不適合沒有耐心的人與后文要計算時間，用不同的方式打發(fā)時間對應(yīng)，符合語境。故選A項。
2022年新高考1卷
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as

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