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2025年初中英語(yǔ)中考傳統(tǒng)文化閱讀與寫(xiě)作專練
Topic 11 禮儀民俗
話題解讀
文化 早知道 禮儀和民俗是在長(zhǎng)期的歷史發(fā)展過(guò)程中傳承下來(lái)的，它們承載著民族的歷史記憶和文化傳統(tǒng)，共同維系著社會(huì)秩序和人際關(guān)系的和諧。不同地區(qū)的禮儀和民俗會(huì)因地理環(huán)境、歷史文化、民族特色等因素而有所差異。比如，南北方的冬至習(xí)俗就有所不同，北方一般會(huì)吃水餃，南方則會(huì)吃湯圓。
考情 早知道 中考對(duì)于禮儀和民俗的考查方向主要集中在一些約定俗成的習(xí)俗以及一些基本的禮儀等方面。 該類文章一般會(huì)直接介紹某種禮儀或民俗的具體活動(dòng)、歷史或意義等。例如，2024年四川涼山州中考的任務(wù)型閱讀介紹了中國(guó)拱手禮的歷史以及如何行拱手禮等。
Passage 1
完形填空
(折柳送別)
In ancient China, willow branches(柳枝)were often used as a parting gift (臨別禮物)between friends and family members. They are considered as a 1 of saying goodbye. Do you know 2
One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live 3 in any place, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this, giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them you hope they will 4 their new living environment.
As for another reason, the pronunciation for the willow tree“ liu(柳)”is 5 to the character “l(fā)iu(留)”in Chinese, which means inviting someone to stay. So 6 a willow branch is like asking the person who will go to another place to stay for a longer time.
It's said that this custom became 7 during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Ba Bridge, a bridge in Chang'an, today's Xi'an, was a common place to say goodbye. People often 8 there and handed willow branches to people who were leaving.
Willow branches are often mentioned in 9 .In The Book of Poetry, there is the line “When I left there, willows shed tears(昔我往矣，楊柳依依)”。At the time of the Tang and Song dynasties, such poems were 10 as traveling happened often and poets felt sad for separation. For example, Wang Wei wrote “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green" in his famous poem A Farewell Song.
1 A. symbol B. plan C. goal D. dream
2 A. how B. why C. where D. when
3 A. bravely B. easily C. badly D. luckily
4 A. make use of B. pay attention to C. get used to D. stay away from
5 A. friendly B. important C. new D. similar
6 A. asking B. offering C. receiving D. bringing
7 A. serious B. different C. popular D. interesting
8 A. stopped B. missed C. forgot D. left
9 A. stories B. festivals C. poems D. gifts
10 A. useful B. difficult C. boring D. common
文化拓展
折柳送別寄相思
古人在春季送別即將遠(yuǎn)行的親友之際，往往會(huì)折一枝柳條贈(zèng)給遠(yuǎn)行之人。“折柳”是古代社會(huì)生活中最有格調(diào)的風(fēng)俗之一，這種風(fēng)俗是怎么產(chǎn)生的？有人從“柳”諧音“留”上分析，認(rèn)為“折柳”是挽留的意思。除此之外，“折柳送別”風(fēng)俗的形成，與柳樹(shù)本身大有關(guān)系。
柳樹(shù)生命力極強(qiáng)，插土即活，是古代行道樹(shù)的主力樹(shù)種之一，路邊河畔都可見(jiàn)到。古人送別親友，從路邊生機(jī)盎然的柳樹(shù)上折一枝柳條相送，就是希望遠(yuǎn)行之人能像柳樹(shù)一樣隨遇而安。
因?yàn)椤罢哿蛣e”盛行，在當(dāng)年送別最集中的灞橋，附近的柳樹(shù)枝條都被隨手折光。因?yàn)闊o(wú)法折到長(zhǎng)柳枝，唐代詩(shī)人孟郊在《橫吹曲辭·折楊柳》中只好解釋道：“莫言短枝條，中有長(zhǎng)相思。”白居易甚至在《楊柳枝
詞八首》(其七)中呼吁：“小樹(shù)不禁攀折苦，乞君留取兩三條。”
語(yǔ)篇解讀
中國(guó)古人在送別親友時(shí)，有折柳相贈(zèng)的風(fēng)俗。本文介紹了古人這樣做的原因和一些與折柳相關(guān)的詩(shī)句。
答案詳析
1.A 根據(jù)上一句可知，柳枝經(jīng)常被用作朋友和家人之間的臨別禮物。由此可推知，此處指柳枝被視作離別的象征。symbol“象征”，符合語(yǔ)境。
2.B 根據(jù)第二段首句中的One reason和第三段首句中的another reason可知，下文解釋了這一現(xiàn)象的原因，故此處選why.
3.B 根據(jù)上一句可知，柳樹(shù)很強(qiáng)壯，故推測(cè)它們?cè)谌魏蔚胤蕉既菀状婊睢asily“容易地”，符合語(yǔ)境。
4.C 根據(jù)上文可知，柳樹(shù)很強(qiáng)壯，因此，折柳送別的原因應(yīng)該和柳樹(shù)的這一特點(diǎn)有關(guān)；再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知，折柳送別是希望遠(yuǎn)行之人能適應(yīng)新的生活環(huán)境。Get used to“適應(yīng)；習(xí)慣于”，符合語(yǔ)境。
5.D 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在漢語(yǔ)中，“柳”字的發(fā)音與“留”字的發(fā)音相似。be similar to意為“與······相似”。
6.B 根據(jù)上文可知，柳枝是送給將要離開(kāi)的人的。因此，獻(xiàn)上柳枝意味著請(qǐng)求要離開(kāi)的人多留一段時(shí)間。offer“獻(xiàn)給；提供”，符合語(yǔ)境。
7.C 根據(jù)上文可知，中國(guó)古人有折柳送別這一習(xí)俗；根據(jù)下文可知，那時(shí)，長(zhǎng)安的灞橋是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的折柳送別之地。由此可推知，此處指據(jù)說(shuō)，這一習(xí)俗在漢代開(kāi)始流行。
8.A 根據(jù)上一句可知，人們通常會(huì)在灞橋道別。由此可知，此處指人們經(jīng)常駐足于此，給要離開(kāi)的人獻(xiàn)上柳枝。
9.C 下文列舉了和柳枝有關(guān)的詩(shī)句：《詩(shī)經(jīng)》中的“昔我往矣，楊柳依依”和《送元二使安西》中的“客舍青青柳色新”。故此處指柳枝常在詩(shī)中被提及。
10.D 根據(jù)空后的“as traveling happened often and poets felt sad for separation”可知，唐宋時(shí)期，人們經(jīng)常遠(yuǎn)行，詩(shī)人對(duì)分離感到悲傷。由此可知，當(dāng)時(shí)折柳送別詩(shī)很普遍。common“普遍的；常見(jiàn)的”，符合語(yǔ)境。
Passage 2
閱讀理解
(壯族“三月三”的習(xí)俗)
“Sanyuesan Festival” is celebrated on the 3rd day of the 3rd month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It holds cultural importance for many ethnic groups(民族) across China. Among them, the Zhuang people in South China's Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region have kept their traditions through generations. They get together to celebrate “Sanyuesan Festival” with lots of fun activities like throwing embroidered balls(繡球)，singing songs, dancing with bamboo poles, and playing the lusheng.
The Zhuang people also have some special traditions about food. They make a dish called five-color glutinous rice(五色糯米飯)，which is cooked with rice of five different colors: black, red, yellow, purple, and white. They cook this kind of rice for important festivals like the Qingming Festival or ＂Sanyuesan Festival”。 Every family in Wuming, a place in Guangxi, makes this dish to share with their guests. This rice also means good luck and happiness. The Zhuang families share it with neighbors during important days such as the birth of a child or the move to a new home.
Moreover, the Zhuang people also believe in the power of nature. They love maple leaves(楓葉) because they think maple leaves can drive bad things away and bring peace and happiness. At ＂Sanyuesan Festival", the Zhuang people will collect maple branches and put them at their door or around their house. Some even dye(染) their rice red with maple leaves. They believe that doing so can make sure the safety of their families.
1 The activities for the Zhuang people at "Sanyuesan Festival" include
①playing the erhu
② singing songs
③ throwing embroidered balls
④ dancing with bamboo poles
A.①②③ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②④
2 Which of the following questions doesn't Paragraph 2 answer
A. What festivals is the five-color rice for
B. What colors does the five-color rice have
C. What are the meanings of the five-color rice
D. How do the Zhuang people cook the five-color rice
3 Why do the Zhuang people like maple leaves
A. Maple leaves can be used to dye their hair.
B. They like the special shape of maple leaves.
C. Maple leaves can help them know more about nature.
D. They think maple leaves are a symbol of peace and happiness.
4 Who will be most interested in this passage
A. A teacher who will introduce some traditions in class.
B. A doctor who is going to look after some patients.
C. A woman who wants to learn embroidery skills.
D. A man who enjoys playing different kinds of music.
文化拓展
民族節(jié)日“三月三”
農(nóng)歷三月三，是壯族人民盛大的節(jié)日，壯族人稱“窩埠坡”或“窩坡”，原意為到垌外、田間去唱歌。壯族人民多于這天趕歌圩，搭歌棚，舉辦歌會(huì)，稱為“歌圩節(jié)”。相傳為紀(jì)念壯族歌仙劉三姐而形成的節(jié)日，故又稱“歌仙節(jié)”。
對(duì)歌以未婚男女青年為主體，但老人小孩都有來(lái)旁觀助興。對(duì)唱的山歌內(nèi)容不限，歌詞和曲調(diào)都是現(xiàn)編現(xiàn)唱，采用原生態(tài)唱法。傳統(tǒng)賽歌還有請(qǐng)歌、求歌、激歌、對(duì)歌、盤(pán)歌、別歌的過(guò)程。歌圩比賽進(jìn)行到一方對(duì)不上歌才算分出勝負(fù)，中途是不能停止的。實(shí)力相當(dāng)?shù)碾p方通常要對(duì)上幾天幾夜。壯族男女能歌善舞，所以有“壯鄉(xiāng)歌海”之謂。
歌圩上又有拋繡球、碰彩蛋的活動(dòng)。節(jié)日這天還會(huì)舉行一系列具有民族特色的文體活動(dòng)，如千人竹竿舞、打銅鼓、打扁擔(dān)、舞龍、舞獅、舞春牛、斗牛、演壯戲、師公戲、采茶戲等等。
語(yǔ)篇解讀
農(nóng)歷“三月三”對(duì)很多民族來(lái)說(shuō)具有重要的文化意義。本文主要介紹了壯族人在“三月三”節(jié)日期間的民俗活動(dòng)。
答案詳析
1.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，壯族人有一些傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng)來(lái)慶祝“三月三”，包括拋繡球，唱歌，跳竹竿舞以及演奏蘆笙。故②③④符合題意。
2.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“They cook...like the Qingming Festival or 'Sanyuesan Festival'.”可知，壯族人在清明節(jié)或“三月三”做五色糯米飯；根據(jù)本段中的“which is cooked with...black, red, yellow, purple, and white”可知，五色糯米飯的五種顏色是黑、紅、黃、紫和白；根據(jù)本段中的“This rice also means good luck and happiness.”可知，五色糯米飯意味著好運(yùn)和幸福。本段沒(méi)有提及壯族人是如何做五色糯米飯的，故選D項(xiàng)。
3.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，壯族人喜歡楓葉是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為楓葉能帶來(lái)和平和幸福，即他們認(rèn)為楓葉是和平和幸福的象征。
4.A 推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了壯族人在農(nóng)歷“三月三”進(jìn)行的一些傳統(tǒng)民俗活動(dòng)。由此可推知，將要在課上介紹一些傳統(tǒng)的老師可能會(huì)對(duì)這篇文章最感興趣。
Passage 3
閱讀理解
(紅包文化)
Red envelopes (hongbao in Chinese) are a popular gift people give during important festivals and celebrations in China. The red color means good luck and happiness. It's not completely clear where this tradition comes from.▲
In ancient times, there was a terrible monster(怪物)called Sui. Every year on Chinese New Year's Eve, it would come to touch a sleeping child's forehead three times. Then the child would get a fever and finally become stupid. In order to keep their children safe from being harmed by Sui, parents would keep their lights on and stay up the whole night, which was called “shousui”。
One New Year's Eve, there was a couple fearing that Sui would come to harm their son. So, they gave the child eight coins to play with to keep him awake. The child wrapped(包) the coins in red paper, and then he played with the packet until he was so tired that he fell asleep. As red was considered to have the ability to protect against evil(邪惡)in Chinese tradition, the couple placed the packet with eight coins under their son's pillow(枕頭)。When everybody had fallen asleep, Sui appeared and walked towards the child's bed. But when the monster tried to touch his forehead, the eight coins gave off a strong light from the red packet, which scared it away.
From then on, people gave red envelopes to children on Chinese New Year's Eve to keep them safe and bring good luck. And the red envelopes were called yasuiqian, which means “money to suppress(壓制)Sui”。
1 Which of the following can be put into“ ▲ ”？
A. And no one knows exactly what it is about.
B. But children are glad to receive red envelopes.
C. But it might be connected with an old story about yasuiqian.
D. And the amount of money in the envelopes differs in different areas.
2 What would happen to the children if they were touched by Sui
①They would have a fever.
② They would keep sleeping.
③ They would lose their mind.
④ They would have difficulty moving.
A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.①③
3 To keep their son awake, the couple________.
A. gave him a packet B. gave him eight coins C. told him a story D. made him a pillow
4 Finally, Sui was scared away because_________.
A. the lights in the house were on
B. the child threw the eight coins at it
C. the eight coins gave off a strong light
D. the couple stayed by the child's bed
5 What would be the best title for this passage
A. The history of red envelopes
B. The meaning of Chinese New Year
C. Popular gifts to give children
D. Important festivals in China
文化拓展
壓歲錢(qián)知多少？
壓歲錢(qián)，又名“壓祟錢(qián)”，事實(shí)上，最早的壓歲錢(qián)出現(xiàn)在漢代，稱為“壓勝錢(qián)”。只是，“壓勝錢(qián)”并非市面上流通的貨幣，而是一種方便佩戴賞玩的辟邪品。到宋代后，壓歲錢(qián)才是貨真價(jià)實(shí)的“錢(qián)”，明清時(shí)期更是蔚然成風(fēng)。“壓歲錢(qián)”一詞正式出現(xiàn)于清代顧祿的《清嘉錄》一書(shū)中。當(dāng)時(shí)的風(fēng)氣是大人在春節(jié)時(shí)要用紅繩子穿百枚銅錢(qián)，送給孩子，寓意長(zhǎng)命百歲。民國(guó)以后，則演變?yōu)橛眉t紙包裹。這種習(xí)俗一直沿襲至今，只是把銅錢(qián)換成了數(shù)額不等的人民幣紅包而已。
壓歲錢(qián)的歷史源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，它蘊(yùn)藏著父母長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)子女晚輩深沉的愛(ài)，并寄予了他們的無(wú)限祝福，體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中長(zhǎng)愛(ài)幼、幼尊長(zhǎng)的和諧觀念，反映了“貴和”“重禮”的儒家文化思想。
語(yǔ)篇解讀
本文主要講述了一個(gè)可能與紅包的來(lái)歷有關(guān)的故事。這個(gè)故事體現(xiàn)了父母對(duì)孩子的愛(ài)。
答案詳析
1.C 句子還原題。根據(jù)空前一句可知，（給紅包）這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)從何而來(lái)還不完全清楚；下文講述了一個(gè)與紅包有關(guān)的故事，故C項(xiàng)“但它可能與一個(gè)關(guān)于壓歲錢(qián)的老故事有關(guān)”可承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。
2.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前三句可知，每年除夕夜，“祟”都會(huì)來(lái)摸熟睡的孩子的腦門(mén)，然后孩子就會(huì)發(fā)燒，最后變傻。由此可知，①③說(shuō)法正確。
3.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“So, they gave the child eight coins...awake.”可知，那對(duì)夫婦給了他們的孩子八枚銅錢(qián)來(lái)玩，以讓他保持清醒。
4.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，當(dāng)“祟”試圖摸他的腦門(mén)時(shí)，紅包里的八枚銅錢(qián)發(fā)出了強(qiáng)光，把它嚇跑了。
5.A 標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一個(gè)與紅包的來(lái)歷有關(guān)的故事，故A項(xiàng)“紅包的歷史”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。
Passage 4
閱讀理解
(古人的謙辭與敬辭)
From different TV programs or books about ancient times, we can often hear titles like quanzi and kaimo. In fact, they are so popular that people regard them as part of ancient Chinese history and culture. What do these Chinese titles refer to(指代)？Have you ever wondered what the stories behind these titles are
Chinese people in the past or even sometimes today call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest(謙虛的)。Although most parents do think their children are successful, they try to belittle them in front of other people. This is similar to how some rich Chinese people call their big houses hanshe, which means “my poor home”。
Although people are modest about themselves, they respect(尊敬)others a lot. They call their own sons quanzi, but call others' sons linglang, a respectful way to say “your son”。
In Chinese, kaimo means the “role model". Both of these Chinese characters have a“木”on their left side. People believe that kai and mo were two kinds of trees in ancient China. It was said that there were many kai trees growing near Confucius' tomb(孔子墓)。The kai trees were so straight that they made people think of Confucius' character-straight and honest. People believed that the mo trees grew near the tomb of the Duke of Zhou. Similarly, the color of the mo tree's leaves made the tree a symbol of integrity(正直)。
Since the kai and mo trees grew near the tombs of the two respected people, kaimo was then used to refer to role models.
1 Ancient Chinese used the title________ to introduce their son to others in a modest way.
A. quanzi B. kaimo C. hanshe D. linglang
2 What does the underlined word "belittle" mean in Paragraph 2
A. Push sb. to move quickly. B. Provide sb. with some advice.
C. Make sb. seem unimportant. D. Give sb. some encouragement.
3 Which of the following about kaimo is NOT true
A. It refers to the role models.
B. It's from the kai and mo trees.
C. We can use it to describe Confucius.
D. We see it as a symbol of modesty.
④ What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The importance of ancient Chinese culture.
B. The meanings of different Chinese titles.
C. The stories about Confucius and the Duke of Zhou.
D. The ways of being a straight and honest person.
5 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2...)
A B C D
文化拓展
中國(guó)的稱呼之道
中國(guó)是禮儀之邦。人際交往，禮貌當(dāng)先；與人交談，稱謂當(dāng)先。禮儀用語(yǔ)在古代社交場(chǎng)合中非常重要，其中，敬辭與謙辭反映了古人交往的禮儀和文化。
敬辭是指用于表達(dá)尊敬和敬意的詞語(yǔ)，常常用于稱呼對(duì)方或提及對(duì)方時(shí)。對(duì)尊輩、平輩或晚輩可用“賢”字，如賢家、賢弟。敬稱對(duì)方的親屬用“令”，如令尊、令堂、令郎。敬稱別人的事物則用“高”字，如高堂、高就、高論；稱老人的年齡(多指六十歲以上)為高齡，而高壽則用于問(wèn)老人的年紀(jì)。
謙辭是指用于表達(dá)自謙和謙虛的詞語(yǔ)，常常用于自我介紹或提及自己時(shí)。“愚”字用于自稱的謙稱，如愚兄、愚弟、愚見(jiàn)；“拙”字用于對(duì)別人稱自己的東西，如拙筆、拙著、拙作、拙見(jiàn)；“舍”字用于對(duì)別人稱自己的輩分低或年紀(jì)小的親戚，如舍弟、舍妹、舍親；“薄”“芹”“菲”“寸”用于稱自己給別人的東西，如薄酒一杯、聊表芹獻(xiàn)、略具菲酌。
語(yǔ)篇解讀
中國(guó)古代有很多的稱謂，如“犬子”“寒舍”“令郎”“楷模”。本文介紹了這些稱謂的含義以及來(lái)歷。
答案詳析
1.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest.”可知，當(dāng)中國(guó)父母使用“犬子”來(lái)稱呼自己的兒子時(shí)，他們是在表示謙虛。由此可知，中國(guó)古人用“犬子”這個(gè)稱呼來(lái)謙虛地向別人介紹自己的兒子。
2.C 詞義猜測(cè)題。下一句對(duì)畫(huà)線詞所在句進(jìn)行了解釋－“這就好比一些中國(guó)富人把自己的大房子叫作“寒舍＇”。由此推知，此處是父母在表示自謙，故此處指雖然大多數(shù)父母都認(rèn)為自己的孩子很有出息，但他們卻試圖在別人面前貶低自己的孩子。belittle“貶低”，故選C項(xiàng)。
3.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The kai trees...straight and honest...the color of the mo tree's leaves made the tree a symbol of integrity.”可知，楷模代表著正直與誠(chéng)實(shí)，并不是謙虛的象征。
4.B 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的一些稱謂及其背后的故事。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“不同中國(guó)稱謂的意義”符合本文的主旨。
5.D 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段提出中國(guó)古代有很多稱謂，引出話題；第二、三段介紹了一些謙辭和敬辭；第四、五段介紹了“楷模”的來(lái)歷與象征。由此可知，D項(xiàng)最符合本文結(jié)構(gòu)。
Passage 5
任務(wù)型閱讀
(中國(guó)人的送禮習(xí)俗)
Dos and Don'ts of gift-giving in Chinese culture
Finding the right gift for someone is not easy. In Chinese culture, there are many unspoken rules that go into giving the right gift. 1
Do-Buy something from your hometown
If you are looking for a gift for your friends in China, think about bringing them something from your hometown, like blueberry jam from Maine, or chicory coffee from Louisiana. Local specialty products(特產(chǎn))are popular gifts in China. 2
Do-Use both hands
3 The same goes for gift-taking. You should take a gift with both hands and say thank you. That means you respect the other person.
Don't-Give gifts in sets of four
Because the number “four" sounds like “sǐ"(death) in Chinese, it's a serious mistake to give gifts in fours. 4 Two is thought to be a good number, and there is a saying that “Good things come in pairs.” Eight is a good number because it sounds like “fa”(to become rich) in Chinese.
Don't-Open a gift right away
In Chinese culture, the person who takes a gift should wait until the giver has left before opening the gift. 5 Sometimes, someone is given many gifts, like at a birthday party, and it helps protect the feelings of those whose gifts are not special.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
A. Here are some of them to help you. B. When giving a gift, you should give it with both hands. C. If someone refuses your gift, you should try giving it again. D. Instead, gifts given in pairs or eights are thought to be luckier. That way, the giver won't feel down if the taker is not happy with the gift. F. That's because it is hard to get the products from where they are really made.
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文化拓展
話說(shuō)“送禮”
“禮尚往來(lái)。往而不來(lái)，非禮也；來(lái)而不往，亦非禮也。”在中國(guó)，送禮是人們交往的橋梁，是人情社會(huì)的重要組成部分。千年來(lái)，隨著時(shí)間推移，古老的禮贈(zèng)文化演變至今，已然讓送禮成為一門(mén)“藝術(shù)”。
選擇禮品要考慮受禮對(duì)象。給親人送禮，禮品應(yīng)是實(shí)用性或符合其興趣愛(ài)好的，比如家居用品、書(shū)籍等；給朋友送禮，禮品應(yīng)符合他們的興趣愛(ài)好，比如運(yùn)動(dòng)裝備、旅游紀(jì)念品等；給老人送禮，禮品可以送一些象征長(zhǎng)壽健康和表達(dá)關(guān)懷心意的禮物，比如保健品、滋補(bǔ)品、茶葉等；給孩子送禮，禮品應(yīng)以啟智新穎的最好，比如圖書(shū)、益智玩具等。
對(duì)于不同的受禮事件、受禮地點(diǎn)，禮物的選擇也是很有講究的。比如，去別人家做客時(shí)，就可以帶些水果、土特產(chǎn)等；參加婚禮時(shí)，可以根據(jù)對(duì)方喜好送些喜慶的物品或者實(shí)用物品；過(guò)年過(guò)節(jié)時(shí)，酒、茶、糖果等都可以；別人搬家時(shí)，可以選擇一些生活家居用品作為禮品；探望病人的話，可以根據(jù)病人的生病情況進(jìn)行選擇，一般以鮮花、水果、保健品等為主。
語(yǔ)篇解讀
送禮并不是一件容易的事情。在中國(guó)文化中，送禮時(shí)有許多心照不宣的規(guī)則。本文對(duì)此給出了幾條。
答案詳析
1.A 根據(jù)上一句可知，在中國(guó)文化中，送禮時(shí)有很多心照不宣的規(guī)則；再結(jié)合下文給出的幾條規(guī)則可知，空處應(yīng)該引出下文對(duì)規(guī)則的介紹，故A項(xiàng)“以下是其中一些對(duì)你有幫助的規(guī)則”可承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。
2.F 本段建議給中國(guó)朋友送禮時(shí)選擇自己家鄉(xiāng)的特產(chǎn)；根據(jù)上一句可知，在中國(guó)，當(dāng)?shù)靥禺a(chǎn)是很受歡迎的禮物。由此可推知，空處應(yīng)該解釋當(dāng)?shù)靥禺a(chǎn)為什么在中國(guó)很受歡迎，故F項(xiàng)“那是因?yàn)椋ㄈ藗儯┖茈y從真正的原產(chǎn)地買(mǎi)到這些特產(chǎn)”可承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。
3.B 根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Do-Use both hands”可知，這一部分講到了要用雙手；再根據(jù)下文中的“The same goes for gift-taking...say thank you.”可知，收禮也是如此，你應(yīng)該雙手接過(guò)禮物，說(shuō)聲謝謝。由此可推知，空處應(yīng)該表達(dá)送禮時(shí)應(yīng)用雙手，故B項(xiàng)“送禮時(shí)，你應(yīng)用雙手”可承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。
4.D 根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，在中國(guó)文化中，禮物的數(shù)量不能是4個(gè)，因?yàn)橹形闹小?”的發(fā)音和“死”很像；再根據(jù)空后的“Two is thought to be a good number”和＂Eight is a good number”可推知，空處應(yīng)該和“2”以及8,,這兩個(gè)數(shù)字有關(guān)，故D項(xiàng)“而成雙或成八送出的禮物被認(rèn)為更幸運(yùn)”可承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。
5.E 根據(jù)上一句可知，在中國(guó)文化中，收禮者應(yīng)該等到送禮者離開(kāi)后再打開(kāi)禮物。由此可推知，空處應(yīng)該與這樣做的原因有關(guān)，故E項(xiàng)“這樣，如果收禮者對(duì)禮物不滿意，送禮者就不會(huì)感到沮喪”可承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。
Passage 6
短文填空
(福建蟳埔簪花)
閱讀短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。
Throughout China's National Day holiday of 2024, over 60,000 tourists gathered daily in the fish village of Xunpu in Fujian. Many of them dressed 1 (they)nicely in all kinds of costumes(服裝)，and wore colorful flowers in their hair.
The tradition of wearing flowers has 2 (be) a part of Xunpu women's lives since the Song and Yuan dynasties. The local 3 (villager) believe that if you “put flowers in your hair, you will not only be pretty in this life, but you'll also be pretty in the afterlife".
How people wear flowers is 4 (difference) according to the wearer's age. Children aged 8 to 12 wear flowers on both sides 5 their temples(太陽(yáng)穴)．Teenagers, around the age of 13, put fresh flowers in their round bun-like hair. 6 when it comes to elderly women, a red headscarf with red flowers is popular.
The flower-wearing culture 7 (have) a long history in China. The 8 (early) record can be found in the books of the Han Dynasty. Wearing flowers carries a deep 9 (mean)of blessing(祝福)。During the Han Dynasty, people, including men, wore cornels(茱萸)to avoid bad things during the Double Ninth Festival.
The flower-wearing tradition of Xunpu people has lasted to the present day, symbolizing(象征) their hopes for 10 better life.
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文化拓展
福建蟳埔：簪花盛開(kāi)漁家樂(lè)
“今生戴花，來(lái)世漂亮。”在我國(guó)福建省泉州市的蟳埔村里，總能聽(tīng)到這樣的話語(yǔ)。在這座小漁村，無(wú)論是巷子里拍照的姑娘，還是街邊滿頭銀發(fā)撬海蠣的阿婆，都盤(pán)發(fā)梳成圓髻，系上紅頭繩，插著滿頭花，成為村里靚麗的“風(fēng)景線”。五彩斑斕的簪花、象牙固定的發(fā)髻、蚵殼筑成的房屋······獨(dú)具特色的文化印記讓這座漁村迅速“出圈”。
如今，隨著蟳埔村的“爆火”，當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜螛I(yè)得以崛起。伴隨著文旅市場(chǎng)的持續(xù)升溫，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽谔剿髦袑?xiě)出了一本新的致富經(jīng)。一些靠挖海蠣為生的村民，經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)后成為簪花師傅；一些閑置的老房子“搖身一變”，成了旅拍店。此外，許多專家也紛紛走進(jìn)蟳埔村實(shí)地探訪，前來(lái)游學(xué)的學(xué)生、寫(xiě)生的畫(huà)家更是絡(luò)繹不絕。
漫品人間煙火色，閑觀萬(wàn)事歲月長(zhǎng)。黃昏時(shí)分，太陽(yáng)緩緩落下，照在晉江上，泛起點(diǎn)點(diǎn)金光。燈光亮起，古老的蚵殼厝在這一刻變得熠熠生輝。蚵殼厝前，頭戴簪花的阿嬤與游客依依惜別。一朵簪花，為小漁村帶來(lái)嬌艷而美麗的色彩，也升騰起迷人的煙火氣息。
語(yǔ)篇解讀
本文介紹了福建蟳埔村簪花的傳統(tǒng)。這一傳統(tǒng)體現(xiàn)了人們對(duì)美好生活的熱愛(ài)。
答案詳析
1.themselves 其中許多人都穿著各式各樣的服裝，將自己打扮得漂漂亮亮的。此處考查dress oneself“打扮自己”這一固定搭配，故填themselves.
2.been 自宋元時(shí)期以來(lái)，簪花的傳統(tǒng)一直是蟳埔女子生活的一部分。空前的has和空后的since提示此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填be的過(guò)去分詞been.
3.villagers 當(dāng)?shù)氐拇迕裣嘈牛绻恪霸陬^發(fā)上戴花，不僅今生會(huì)漂亮，來(lái)世也會(huì)漂亮”。villager是可數(shù)名詞，且空后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為原形，故填其復(fù)數(shù)形式villagers.
4.different 人們簪花的方式因年齡而異。空處作表語(yǔ)，表示“不同的”，故填difference的形容詞形式different.
5.of 8至12歲的兒童在太陽(yáng)穴兩側(cè)簪花。on both sides of...意為“在······的兩側(cè)”，為固定搭配，故填of.
6.And 就年長(zhǎng)的女性來(lái)說(shuō)，佩戴有紅色花朵的紅頭巾是很流行的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處缺少連詞，且空處所在句與前兩句為并列關(guān)系，故填A(yù)nd.注意首字母大寫(xiě)。
7.has 中國(guó)的簪花文化歷史悠久。空處描述客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填has.
8.earliest 最早的記錄可見(jiàn)于漢代的書(shū)籍。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及空前的The可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式，故填earliest.
9.meaning 簪花帶有深層的祝福意義。空前有不定冠詞a和形容詞，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式meaning.
10.a 蟳埔人民的簪花傳統(tǒng)一直延續(xù)至今，象征著他們對(duì)更美好生活的期望。此處表泛指，life指“某種生活”且前有形容詞修飾時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，故填a.
Passage 7
書(shū)面表達(dá)
(向外國(guó)朋友介紹中國(guó)的禮儀)
中國(guó)素有“禮儀之邦”之稱。為向外國(guó)朋友傳播中國(guó)禮儀文化，《蘇州日?qǐng)?bào)》英文專刊以“Manners(禮儀)make the man”為題向中學(xué)生展開(kāi)征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿。
內(nèi)容包括：
1.你對(duì)該諺語(yǔ)的理解；
2.介紹中國(guó)人日常生活中的基本社交禮儀(例如：待人接物等)；
注意：
1.詞數(shù)90左右，開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；
2.內(nèi)容須涵蓋所有要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；
3.文中不得出現(xiàn)與考生相關(guān)的真實(shí)校名和姓名等信息。
Manners make the man
China is a country with a long history and famous for its social manners. Have you heard of “Manners make the man" ____________________________________________________________________________________
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參考范文:
Manners make the man
China is a country with a long history and famous for its social manners. Have you heard of “Manners make the man" It means that manners are important for a man.
First of all, when you meet people for the first time, you should shake hands with each other. Secondly, when you are invited to a party, you should bring gifts and be sure to arrive on time or a few minutes early.
I remember that I once went to John's birthday party. Because of the traffic jam, I was half an hour late, but I apologized in time and explained the reason. Finally my friends forgave me. From then on I realized that it is very important to be on time in our life.

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