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Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
一、單詞（英譯漢）預習用
1.unexpected adj.______________
2. backpack n.______________
3. oversleep v.______________
4. block n.______________
5. worker n.______________
6. stare v.______________
7. disbelief n.______________
8.above prep._________ adv._____
9.burn v.______________
10.burning adj.______________
11.alive adj.______________
12.airport n.______________
13.till prep.&conj.______________ 14.west adv._________adj.__________n.________
15.cream n.______________
16.workday n.______________
17.pie n.______________
18.bean n.______________
19.market n.______________
20.fool n._________v._____
21.costume n.______________
22.embarrassed adj.______________
23.announce v.______________
24.spaghetti n.______________
25.hoax n.______________
26.discovery n.______________
27. lady n.______________
28.cancel v.______________
29.officer n.______________
30.believable adj.______________
31.disappear v.______________
32.embarrassing adj.______________
二、單詞（漢譯英）學后測試用
1.adj.出乎意料的;始料不及的______________
2.n.背包;旅行包_________________
3. v. (overslept, overslept)睡過頭;睡得太久_________________
4.n.街區_________________
5.n.工作者;工人_________________
6.v.盯著看;凝視_________________
7.n.不信;懷疑_________________
8.prep.在...上面adv.在上面________________
9.v.(burnt,burnt;burned;burned)著火;燃燒_____
10.adj.著火的;燃燒的_________________
l1.adj.活著;有生氣的_________________
12.n.機場_________________
13.prep.&conj.到;直到_________________
14.adv.向西;朝西adj向西的;西部的n西;西方______ 15.n.奶油;乳脂_________________
16.n.工作日_________________
17.n.果餡餅;果餡派_________________
18.n.豆;豆莢_________________
19.n.市場;集市_________________
20.n.蠢人;傻瓜v.愚弄_________________
21.n.(特定場合穿的)服裝;裝束_____________
22.adj.窘迫的;害羞的_________________
23.v.宣布;宣告_________________
24.n.意大利面條_________________
25.n.騙局;惡作劇_________________
26.n.發現;發覺_________________
27.n.女士;女子_________________
28.v.取消;終止_________________
29.n.軍官;官員_________________
30.adj.可相信的;可信任的_________________
31.v.消失;不見_________________
32.adj.使人害羞的(難堪的或慚愧的)_________________
三、短語（英譯漢）預習用
1. be full of_________________
2. by the time_________________
3. leave sth.in..._________________
4. walk into_________________
5. be late for class_________________
6. go off_________________
7. wake up_________________
8.put on_________________
9. rush out of_________________
10.give... a lift_________________
11. at least_________________
12. arrive at_________________
13. be about to do sth._________________
14.go up_________________
15.even though_________________
16. in line with_________________
17. stare at_________________
18. in disbelief_________________
19. take off_________________
20. wait in line_________________
21.show up_________________
22.find out_________________
23. by the end of_________________
24. get dressed_________________
25.stay up_________________
26.all night_________________
27.take place_________________
28. play tricks on_________________
29. all kinds of_________________
30.each other_________________
31. no more_________________
32.sell out_________________
33. lose weight_________________
34.end up doing_________________
35.get married_________________
36. run out of_________________
四、短語（漢譯英）學后測試用
1.充滿_________________
2.在......以前_________________
3.把某物忘在_________________
4.走進_________________
5.上課遲到_________________
6.響起_________________
7.醒來_________________
8.穿上_________________
9.沖出_________________
10.捎......一程_________________
11.至少_________________
12.到達_________________
13.正要做某事_________________
14.上升_________________
15.雖然_________________
16.與......成一排_________________
17.盯著看;凝視_________________
18.懷疑;難以置信地_________________
19.起飛_________________
20.排隊等候_________________
21.趕到:露面_________________
22.查明;發現_________________
23.在(某時間點)以前_________________
24.穿好衣服_________________
25.熬夜_________________
26.整夜_________________
27.舉行;發生_________________
28.捉弄._________________
29.各種_________________
30.互相_________________
31.不再_________________
32.賣光_________________
33.減肥_________________
34.以做結束_________________
35.結婚_________________
36.用光_________________
Section A教材要點精析
1.Life is full of the unexpected.
要點1 be full of... 的用法
用法分析 be full of... 充滿……；裝滿……
be full of 相當于be filled with，強調狀態。fill...with...“用……裝滿……”，強調動作。
Taking exercise makes you tired, but relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence.
鍛煉會讓你累，但也會讓你放松。一個強壯的身體有助于你充滿信心。
Please fill the cup with water. I’ll put some flowers in it. 請給杯子加滿水，我將放些花在里面。
【新題速遞】1.請你看到自己的優勢并對每件事情充滿自信。(full)
Please see your advantages and ______be full of_______ confidence for everything.
要點2 unexpected 的用法
用法分析 unexpected / n k'spekt d/ adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的
unexpected 由“un-(前綴) +expected(adj.) 預料的”構成。既可作定語也可作表語。
Life is full of unexpected surprises. 生活充滿了意想不到的驚喜。
作定語
The announcement was not entirely unexpected. 這個通告并非完全出乎意料。
作表語
unexpected 的相關詞：
expected adj. 預料的
expect v. 預料；期待 → expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
expectedly adv.意料之中地
unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
【新題速遞】1.Although the match is moving in an _______unexpected________ (出乎意料的) direction, our team will finally win, I believe.
要點3 the unexpected 的用法
用法分析 the unexpected 出乎意料的事
①英語中有些形容詞和定冠詞the 連用，可表示一類人或事物，在句子中相當于名詞。
the sick 病人 the young 年輕人 the old 老年人
We Chinese have the tradition of respecting the old. 我們中國人有尊老的傳統。
②“the+ 形容詞”作主語時，若表示具有共同特征的某一類人或事物，謂語動詞用復數形式；
若表示抽象概念，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。
The beautiful isn’t always the same as the good. 美的東西不總是和好的東西一樣。
拓展：形容詞名詞化，一般在前面加定冠詞the，但若有連詞and 連接(兩個形容詞往往是反義詞) 并成對使用，the 通常省略。
It’s a book for young and old alike. 這本書老少皆宜。
敲黑板:
“the + 形容詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數形式取決于它所表示的概念的單復數情況。
【新題速遞】1.—What’s the most important tradition in a Chinese family
—We must care for __B___ old.
an B. the C. /
2.By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.
為“助動詞had+過去分詞”結構，是過去完成時，它所表示的動作比句中另一個動作got up還要早，
即“過去的過去”。
要點4 by the time... 的用法
用法分析 by the time... 在……以前；當……時
by the time 引導時間狀語從句，若從句用一般過去時，主句常用過去完成時。
The meeting had begun by the time I got there yesterday. 昨天我到那兒時，會議已經開始了。
By the time I got home, my parents had already cooked dinner. 我到家之前，我的父母已經做了晚飯。
【拓展延伸】be the time后的從句若用一般現在時，主句常用將來完成時。
By the time they get there, the train will have left. 他們到達那里之前，火車將已經離開。
拓展：by now 表示“到現在為止”，通常與現在完成時連用。
By now, I haven’t seen this film.到現在為止，我沒有看過這部電影。
time 的其他相關短語：①in time 及時地
②at the same time 同時
③on time 按時
④all the time 一直
⑤at times 有時候
【新題速遞】1.By the time I got to the cinema, the movie ___B___ for 10 minutes.
has been on B. had been on C. had stopped D. had begun
2.By the time I ___A____ up, my mother ________ to do volunteer work in our community.
A. woke; had gone B. wake; has gone C. woke; has gone D. wake; had gone
3.I overslept.
要點5 oversleep 的用法
用法分析 oversleep / v (r) 'sli p/ v. 睡過頭；睡得太久 oversleep的過去式、過去分詞均為overslept
oversleep 在此處作不及物動詞，是由“over+sleep”構成的。
I shall probably oversleep as I am not used to getting up so early. 我很可能會睡過頭，因為我不習慣起得這么早。
構詞法記單詞: 前綴over- 表示“太；過于；上面；外面；額外；上方”，常見詞有：
overwork (使) 過度勞累 overcoat 長大衣
overage 超齡的 oversized 過大的
【新題速遞】
1.Jack was late for class in the morning, because he ______overslept________ (oversleep) .
4.When I ____ (get) home, I realized I ____(leave) my keys in the backpack.
要點6 leave 的用法
用法分析 leave v. 忘了帶；丟下；讓……處于(某種狀態、某地等) (left，left)
leave 的具體用法：
leave+ 賓語+ 地點狀語 把……忘在某地
leave sb. alone 把某人單獨留下
Yesterday I left my schoolbag in the classroom. 昨天我把我的書包落在教室了。
Dad always makes sure it’s safe to leave me alone at home before he goes out.
爸爸出門前，總會確保把我一個人留在家里是安全的。
拓展：leave 與forget 都可表示“遺忘”，其區別如下：
leave 常與地點狀語連用，表示將某物遺忘在某個地方。
forget 不與地點狀語連用，表示忘記帶某物。
Sorry. I forgot my English book. I left it at home. 對不起，我忘記帶我的英語書了。我把它落在家里了。
【新題速遞】1.1.I think I have ___B____ my key in the car.
A.forget B. left C.forgotten D.leave
2.I can’t find my keys. Maybe I ___A____ them at home this morning.
A.left B. forgot C.lost D.missed
5.My alarm clock didn’t go off !
要點7 go off 的用法(重點)
用法分析 go off (警報器等) 突然發出聲響 動副短語，相當于ring。
I have set my alarm clock to go off at 7:00. 我已經把鬧鐘設置為七點響了。
拓展：go off 的其他詞義：①離開 (機器) ②停止運行
③(食物、飲料) 變質，變壞 ④開火；爆炸
Many people went off to take a trip in Hainan during the Spring Festival. 春節期間很多人離開去海南旅行了。
In a smart home, the lights go on when you enter a room and they go off when you leave the room.
在智能家居中，當你進入房間時燈就會亮，當你離開房間時燈就會熄滅。
Meat goes off quickly in the hot weather. 肉在熱天變壞得快。
The bomb went off in an abandoned factory. 炸彈在一個廢棄的工廠里爆炸了。
含有off 的其他短語：①turn off 關閉(電源、燈光、設備等)
②take off(飛機等) 起飛；脫下(衣物)
③put off推遲(計劃、會議等)
④cut off 切斷(電源、水源、聯系等)
⑤set off 出發
⑥fall off 跌落；減少；脫落
⑦pay off 付清(債務) ；取得成功；有回報
⑧show off 炫耀；賣弄
⑨get off 下車
【新題速遞】1.Steve’s alarm didn’t ___B___, so he didn’t catch the train to Beijing in time.
A. put off B. go off
C. turn off D. get off
6.By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. 我回到學校時，鈴已經響了。
要點8 ring 的用法
用法分析 ring在此處作不及物動詞，意為“（鐘、鈴等）鳴；響”，其過去式為 rang ，過去分詞為 rung 。ring還可作及物動詞，意為“按（鈴）；敲（鐘）”。
The doorbell is ringing. 門鈴響了。
Just ring the bell if you need the nurse. 你如果需要護士，按一下鈴就可以了。
拓展
①ring作動詞，還可意為“打電話”。
I’ll ring you up tomorrow. 明天我會打電話給你。
②ring還可作名詞，意為“環；圈；戒指”。
My mother lost her ring last week. 上周媽媽丟了她的戒指。
【新題速遞】
1.My boss told me that Mr.Zhang had rung (ring) me twice since lunchtime.
2.By the time the bell rang (ring),all the students had been back to the classroom.
7.How did the writer end up missing both events 作者最后如何躲過了這兩件事？
要點9 end up 的用法
用法分析 end up意為“結束”，常用結構有：
At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I ended up walking here because of the heavy traffic. 起初我想乘出租車，但由于交通擁堵，我最終步行來到了這里。
The movie ends up with a beautiful song. 這部電影以一首優美動聽的歌曲結束。
He worked very hard and ending up as an engineer. 他工作非常努力，最終成為了一名工程師。
【新題速遞】
1.Because all the money had ran out,he ended up___A____his vacation at home.
A.spending　 B.spend　 C.spent　 D.to spend
2.Many April Fool’s jokes may end up being (be) not very funny.
8.I kept sleeping, and when I woke up it was already 8: 00 a.m.!
要點10 wake up 的用法
用法分析 wake up 醒來；喚醒 wake 的過去式為woke；過去分詞為woken
①“醒來”，不及物動詞短語，指自己醒來。后不接賓語。
The old usually wake up early. 老年人通常醒得早。
②“喚醒”，指把別人喚醒，動副結構短語，其賓語是代詞時，代詞放在wake 和up 中間。
The noise outside the room woke me up just now. 剛剛屋外的聲音吵醒了我。
拓展：wake 的形容詞形式是 awake，意為“醒著的”，在句中作表語。
Is she awake or asleep 她是醒著還是睡著？
If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel stuck between being asleep and being awake. That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping.
如果我們醒得太晚，我們的身體可能會感到困在睡眠和清醒之間。這就是為什么有時我們睡過頭后會感到更累。
【新題速遞】1.It was late. She opened the door quietly because she didn’t want to ___A___ her parents.
A. wake up B. cheer up C. get up D. take up
9.So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out of the door.
要點11 put on 的用法(高頻)
用法分析 put on 穿上；戴上
后接表示衣服、鞋、帽子等的名詞或代詞作賓語，強調動作。反義短語為take off(摘掉；脫下) 。
Put on more clothes. It is cold outside in winter.多穿點衣服。冬天外面很冷。
put on 為動副短語，后接代詞時，代詞要放在put 與on 之間。
辨析: put on, dress, wear, have on 與be in
put on 強調動作，賓語是物，如：衣服、眼鏡等。
dress 表示動作，賓語是人而不是物。
wear 強調狀態，賓語是物，如：衣服、眼鏡、飾品等。可用于進行時態。
have ...on 強調狀態，賓語是物，不能用于進行時態。
be in 強調狀態，后接表示顏色或衣物類的詞，指穿什么(顏色的) 衣服。
拓展：put on 的其他常見用法：
(1) 發胖；增加(若干) 體重
Jenny put on 3 kilos during the Spring Festival. 珍妮在春節期間胖了3 公斤。
(2) 上演
They are going to put on a new play.他們將上演一出新戲。
知識積累:
turn on 打開
get on 上車
put on 穿上
depend on 依靠
【新題速遞】1.When you ___C___ Mamianqun (horse-faced skirt) , you will sense the beauty of traditional Chinese clothing.
A. turn on B. get on C. put on D. depend on
要點12 rush out of... 的用法
用法分析 rush out of... 沖出……
Henry rushed out of the room and disappeared in the rain. 亨利沖出了房間，消失在雨中。
拓展：
① rush 作動詞，意為“急促；倉促行事”。rush to do sth. 意為“急于做某事；搶著做某事”。
People rushed to buy vegetables in the supermarket. 人們搶著買超市里的菜。
②rush 還可作名詞，意為“倉促；匆忙；繁忙；高峰期”。
When you’re in a rush, it’s easier to make mistakes. 你在匆忙之中更容易犯錯。
He went out early so that he could avoid the rush hour. 為了避開交通高峰時間，他很早就出門了。
rush 作名詞的常用短語：①in a rush 倉促；匆忙
②rush hour(上下班時的) 交通高峰期
③in the rush hour 在交通高峰期
【新題速遞】1.鈴聲一響學生們就沖出了教室。
The students ____rushed____ ____out____ ____of____ the classroom as soon as the bell rang.
10.Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
要點13 give sb. a lift 的用法
用法分析 give sb. a lift 捎某人一程
lift 在此處用作名詞， 意為“搭便車”。同義短語有 give sb. a ride 或offer sb. a ride。
Cindy, would you mind giving me a lift to work tomorrow morning 辛迪，你介意明天早上載我去上班嗎？
When your classmates are in trouble，remember to give them a hand. 當你的同學遇到困難時，記得幫助他們。
“give sb. a+ 名詞”結構的其他常見短語：
①give sb. a hand 給某人幫助
②give sb. a ring 給某人打電話
③give sb. a lesson 給某人一個教訓
④give sb. a chance 給某人一個機會
【新題速遞】1.我的車壞了。你能讓我搭個便車嗎？
My car is broken. Could you please ____give____ ____me____ ____a____ ____lift____
11.I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.
要點14 be about to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 be about to do sth. 剛要做某事; 即將做某事
表示動作馬上就要發生，在時間上指最近的將來。
不能與immediately，tomorrow 等表示將來的時間狀語連用，
但可與when 構成be about to do sth. when... 句型，意為“剛要做某事，這時……”，when 意為“這時”
The train is about to leave. 火車馬上就要開了。
We were just about to leave when Jerry arrived. 我們正要離開，這時杰里來了。
“將要做某事”的表達：①be going to do sth.
②be to do sth.
③will/shall do sth.
Hurry up! The plane is about to take off. 快點！飛機就要起飛了。
I was about to go to bed last night when there was a knock on the door. 昨天晚上我正要上床睡覺，這時有敲門聲。
【新題速遞】1.—Why were you late for school this morning, Tom
—I was about to go to school ____D___ it began to rain.
since B. while C. as D. when
2.—Did Mrs. Smith call you yesterday
—Yes. I was about___C____for lunch when the telephone rang.
A. going out B. to going out C. to go out D.go out
要點15 decide to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 decide to do sth. 決定做某事 否定形式: decide not to do sth.
In order to make my life more colorful, I decide to take up a new hobby like painting or growing flowers when I am free.
為了讓我的生活更加豐富多彩，我決定在我有空的時候培養一個新的愛好，比如畫畫或種花。
We decided not to go swimming because of the bad weather.由于天氣不好我們決定不去游泳。
拓展：decide on 意為“決定; 選定”, 后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing。
Would you like to decide on another time 您要不要選定別的時間？
They decide on flying kites. 他們決定放風箏。
“決心做某事”的表達：① determine to do sth.
② make up one’s mind to do sth.
③ make a decision to do sth.
【新題速遞】1.I’ve decided ____to stay____(stay) away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam.
2.The children decide___B____their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.cleaned
12.I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office.
要點16 even though 的用法
用法分析 even though 即使，盡管
He went there alone even though he was a little frightened. 盡管他有點害怕，他還是獨自去了那里。
even though不能與but連用。
even though為連詞，引導讓步狀語從句。
辨析：even though 與even if
even though 引導的從句內容往往是真實的, 主要用于引出不利于主句情況的信息, 相當于漢語的“盡管、雖然”。
even if 引導的從句往往是假設性的, 相當于漢語的“即使、縱然、就算、 哪怕”。
He went out even though it was raining. 盡管正在下雨，他還是出去了。
They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed. 即使你不成功，他們也會支持你。
I will have a try even though/if I may fail. 哪怕失敗，我也要試一下。
在實際運用中even though和even if 可互換。
【新題速遞】1.I will never forget that car accident __C___ it happened so long ago.
A. until B. if C. even though
要點17 block 的用法
用法分析 block /bl k/, /blɑ k/ n. 街區
He walked around the block three times. 他繞著這個街區走了3 圈。
block 的其他詞義：n.(方形平面) 大塊；大樓
13.As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
要點18 in line with 的用法
用法分析 in line with 與……成一排 常用在動詞wait，stand 等之后。
in line 的其他常用搭配：①wait in line 排隊等候
②cut in line 插隊
③stand in a line 站成一排
They waited in line with their family to enter the amusement park. 他們和家人一起在隊伍中等候進入游樂園。
We’re supposed to wait in line. 我們應該排隊等候。
It’s impolite to cut in line while shopping. 購物時插隊是不禮貌的。
They stood in a line and went into the library. 他們站成一排，進入了圖書館。
拓展：be in line with... 與……一致，吻合
His ideas on the problem are in line with mine. 他在這個問題上的見解與我的一致。
【新題速遞】1.我們應該排隊等候上地鐵。
We should ______wait in line________ to get on the subway.
14.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.
要點19 stare 的用法
用法分析 stare /ste /, /ster/ v. 盯著看; 凝視
stare 為不及物動詞，后常接介詞at，用來引出所注視的內容。
Every time you stare at your phone, you miss the chance to connect with another person.
每次你盯著手機(看時) ，你就錯過了與他人(建立) 聯系的機會。
辨析：stare 與look
stare 指由于好奇、驚訝、贊嘆等原因而瞪大眼睛長時間地、直接地注視, 有時含有無禮的意味。
look 指集中注意力看, 強調動作, 后接賓語時要加at, 也可單獨使用, 以引起對方的注意。
It’s impolite to stare at others. 盯著別人是不禮貌的。
Please look at the picture. What can you see 請看圖片。你能看到什么
拓展：stare 還可以作名詞, 意為“凝視; 注視”。
She gave me a blank stare. 她面無表情地盯著我。
【新題速遞】1.不要一直盯著別人看。
Don’t ________stare at__________ others all the time.
要點20 in disbelief 的用法
用法分析 in disbelief懷疑地，難以置信地
in disbelief 為固定短語，在句中作狀語，常與stare at sb., shake one’s head 等搭配使用。
disbelief 是由否定前綴dis- 加belief 構成，是不可數名詞，意為“不信；懷疑”。
Bill’s family stared at him in disbelief. 比爾的家人難以置信地盯著他。
“in+表示情感的名詞”可用作狀語，表示一種情感狀態。常見的有：
①in anger 憤怒地
②in surprise 驚訝地
③in excitement 興奮地
④in despair 絕望地
⑤in silence 沉默地
【新題速遞】1.聽到我的話，女孩一臉不信地停了下來。
Hearing my words, the girl stopped with a look of _____disbelief______ on her face.
2.The woman looked in 　B　　at the large pile of money on the table.
A.disbelieve　 B.disbelief　 C.belief　 D.believes
要點21 above 的用法(重點)
用法分析 above / 'b v/ prep. 在……上面 adv. 在上面
The plane flew above the clouds. 飛機在云層上方飛行。
作介詞
Put it on the shelf above. 把它放在上面的擱板上。
作副詞
辨析：above, over 與on
詞義 兩物體之間的關系 反義詞
above 在……上方 不接觸, 不垂直 below
over 在……正上方 不接觸, 垂直 under
on 在……上面 有接觸面 beneath
Simon’s room is above mine and it’s on the fifth floor. 西蒙的房間在我的上面，它在五樓。
There are two bridges over the river. 河上有兩座橋。
There is a cup on the table. 桌子上有個杯子。
拓展：above 作介詞時，還可意為“超過”，表示數量、數目等方面超過，
還可以表示在質量、重要性等方面超過。
Porcelain is fired at a temperature above1, 200℃. 瓷器在1200℃ 以上的溫度下燒制。
The famous translator is above others in learning English. 這位著名的翻譯家在學習英語方面優于他人。
【新題速遞】1.The moon was a bove the tall tree in the east.
2.—I like the weather in Kunming.It’s warm all year long.
—Yes. And the temperature stays 　D　　zero all the time.
A.at　 B.below　 C.around　 D.above
要點22 burning 的用法
用法分析 burning /'b (r) n / adj. 著火的；燃燒的
Teachers are often compared to burning candles.教師們經常被比作燃燒的蠟燭。
Another burnt cake! But I’ve read the instructions and followed the steps you told me.
又是一個燒焦的蛋糕！但我已經閱讀了說明書，并遵循了你告訴我的步驟。
特別提醒：burning 正在燃燒的，強調正在進行 burned/burnt 燒完了的，強調已經過去
拓展：
①burn 作動詞, 意為“著火; 燃燒”, 既可作及物動詞, 也可作不及物動詞。(burnt, burnt; burned; burned)
Take care not to burn your fingers. 注意別燒著指頭。
②burn 還可作名詞, 意為“燒傷”。
If the burn is serious，call 120 or go to the hospital at once. 如果燒傷嚴重，撥打120 或立即去醫院。
burn 的常見短語：burn out 燒壞 burn down 燒毀
【新題速遞】1.Soon many people ran out of the _____burning________ (burn) building.
15.I felt lucky to be alive.
要點23 alive 的用法
用法分析 alive / 'la v/ adj. 活著; 有生氣的
構詞法記單詞: 許多動詞變形容詞常在詞首加a-，常見的有：
① a + live = alive 活著
② a + sleep = asleep 睡著的
③ a + wake = awake 醒著的
alive 的常見表達：
① bring sth. alive 使某物變得活躍
② keep sb./sth. alive 使某人或某物活著/繼續存在
The colorful pictures in the book bring the animals alive for young readers.
書中的彩色圖片讓動物們對年輕讀者來說栩栩如生。
Regular exercise helps keep your body and mind alive and healthy.
定期鍛煉有助于使你的身體和精神保持活力與健康。
辨析：alive, living, live 與lively
alive 意為“活著; 有生氣的”, 修飾人或動植物, 可作表語、賓語補足語或后置定語, 但不作前置定語。反義詞為dead。
living 意為“活著的”, 修飾人或物, 可作表語或前置定語。作表語時相當于alive。
live 作形容詞時，意為“活的”，通常指物不指人，作前置定語。它還可意為“現場直播的”。此時讀作/la v/
lively 意為“活潑的；生氣勃勃的；（色彩）鮮艷的”，修飾人或物，常描述人及其行為或活動，可作表語或定語。
They managed to stay alive after the terrible earthquake. 在可怕的地震之后，他們設法活了下來。
Water is very important for all living things in the world. 水對世界上所有的生物都很重要。
There will be no live wild lives in the world if we don’t protect their living environment.
如果我們不保護其生存環境，世界上就不會有活的野生生物了。
We watched a live television broadcast of the World Cup final. 我們觀看了世界杯決賽的電視現場直播。
Miss Wang always has a lot of ways to make her classes lively and interesting.
王老師總是有很多辦法使她的課堂生動有趣。
【新題速遞】1.1.Mr.Zhang has a strange way of making his classes A and interesting.
A.lively B.live C.alive D.living
2.Life must go on since I was A still .
A.alive B.lively C.live D.living
3.It’s a pity that few young people are willing to learn about iron painting, so we should try our best to keep it ___A___.
A. alive B. real C. secret D. fresh
4.We didn’t know whether the tree was dead or alive (live).
16.What bad luck!此句是what 引導的感嘆句，what 后接名詞，名詞前加形容詞bad。這里省略了主語和謂語。
用法分析 感嘆句是表達喜、怒、哀、樂以及驚奇、驚訝等強烈感情的句子，通常由what 或how 引導。
感嘆句的用法口訣：
感嘆句很簡單，what, how 放句前；
how 后跟形或副，what 后把名詞連；
名詞如果是單數，前面冠詞a 或an；
主語、謂語放后面，省略它們也常見。
what 引導 感嘆句 What+a/ an+ 形容詞+ 可數名詞單數(+ 主語+ 謂語) ！ What a beautiful season autumn is! 秋天是一個多么美麗的季節啊！
What+ 形容詞+ 可數名詞復數或不可數名詞(+ 主語+ 謂語) ！ What valuable suggestions you gave me! 你給了我多么寶貴的建議啊！ What good news it is! 多好的消息啊！
how 引導 感嘆句 How+ 形容詞或副詞(+主語+ 謂語) ！ How clean the classroom is! 教室多干凈啊！
How+ 主語+ 謂語！ How time flies! 時光飛逝！
拓展：what 引導的感嘆句可以與how 引導的感嘆句進行同義句轉換。
What an interesting movie it is! = How interesting the movie is! 多么有趣的電影啊！
【新題速遞】
1.—___D___ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!
—I’m glad you had a good time.
What B. How C. How a D. What a
2.___B__ amazing it is! The Shenzhou-17 members raise fish for the first time in the Tiangong space station.
A. What B. How C. What an
17.The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.
要點24 till 的用法
用法分析 till /t l/ prep.& conj. 到; 直到
till 既作介詞也作連詞，相當于until，作連詞時，引導時間狀語從句，具體的用法有：
①用在肯定句中，句中(主句) 的謂語動詞用延續性動詞，表示該動作或狀態一直持續到till/ until 所表示的時間為止。
I’ll wait till five o’clock. 我會等到五點。(介詞)
I will keep studying till I understand the concept completely. 我將繼續學習，直到我完全理解這個概念為止。(連詞)
②用在否定句中，句中(主句) 的謂語動詞用短暫性動詞，表示該動作或狀態直到till/ until 所表示的時間才發生。常用于not... till/until... 結構，意為“直到……才……”。
We didn’t leave the party until/till midnight.我們直到午夜才離開聚會。(介詞)
We didn’t know the result till/until the match finished.(連詞) 直到比賽結束我們才知道結果。
拓展：till 一般不用于句首，也不用在以not 開頭的短語或從句里，而until 常用。
Until now I have always lived alone.直到現在我一直獨自生活。
Not until 9:00 yesterday evening did we finish the work.直到昨晚9 點，我們才完成這項工作。
【新題速遞】1.Don’t trouble trouble _______until/till________ (直到) trouble troubles you.
2.You will never truly understand your parents’ great love ___A___ you grow up.
A. until B. if C. since D. as
3.—I must go home.
—If you must, at least wait 　C　 the rain stops.
A. since B. as C. till D.before
4.We are leaving tomorrow. We won't be back ___C____ next Thursday.
A.after B.since C.until D.when
18.My bad luck had unexpectedly turned into a good thing.
要點25 turn into 的用法
用法分析 turn into 變成
When ice melts, it turns into water. 冰融化后會變成水。
Solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity.太陽能電池板從太陽獲取能量并將其轉化為電能。
turn A into B 意為“把A 變成B”
辨析：turn into 與change into
turn into 既指形式上的改變, 也指狀態上和本質上的改變。
change into 強調外在形式上的改變。
She turned into a successful businesswoman after years of hard work. 經過多年的努力，她變成了一位成功的女商人。
She is changing into her swimsuit for the beach. 她正在換泳衣準備去海邊。
turn 構成的短語：
① turn on 打開
② turn up(把音量) 調高
③ turn in 上交
④ turn off 關掉
⑤ turn down(把音量) 調低；拒絕
⑥ turn over 翻身；翻轉
⑦ turn left/ right 左轉/右轉
【新題速遞】1.The Monkey King is not a normal monkey, he can ___C___ himself _____ different animals and objects.
A. turn; off B. turn; up C. turn; into
19.west
要點26 west 的用法
用法分析 west /west/ adv. 向西；朝西adj. 向西的；西部的 n. 西；西方
This room faces west. 這個房間朝西。
We have been planning to visit the west coast of France.我們一直計劃著去游覽法國西海岸。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太陽東升西落。
20.dead
要點27 dead 的用法
用法分析 dead /ded/ adj. 死的；失去生命的 在句中作定語或表語。 the dead 死者。
敲黑板: 表示“去世多長時間”要用“have/has been dead for + 時間段”或“died +時間段+ ago”。
We had come to a dead end in our research. 我們的研究工作已陷入絕境。
His father has been dead for two years. 他爸爸去世兩年了。
Some festivals are held to honor the dead. 一些節日是為了紀念死者而舉辦的。
辨析：dead, die, death 與dying
dead 強調的是“死”的狀態，意為“死的；失去生命的”，是形容詞， 作表語或定語。反義詞為alive，意為“活著的”。
die 強調的是“死”的動作，是短暫性動詞，不能和時間段連用。若和時間段連用，要用be dead。
death 名詞，意為“死；死亡”。
dying die 的現在分詞，也可用作形容詞，表示“垂死的；臨死的”，常用作定語或表語。
The dying old man lies in bed, thinking of his dead army comrade who died for the people’s liberation,
and he thinks it’s a worthy death.
這位奄奄一息的老人躺在床上，想起了為人民的解放而犧牲的戰友, 并認為其死得其所。
【新題速遞】1.Although the old tree in the yard is ___D___ now, I still miss the days when I grew up with it.
A. short B. pretty C. strong D. dead
21.The teacher collected the math homework.
要點28 collect 的用法
用法分析 collect /k 'lekt/ v. 收集 → collection n. 收藏品 → collector n. 收藏家；收藏者
My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的愛好是集郵。
The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China and the beginning of the traditional Chinese poetry.
《詩經》是中國最早的詩集，是中國傳統詩歌的開端。
A famous collector will give us a talk. 一位著名的收藏家將給我們做一次演講。
【新題速遞】1.Linda likes to ___A__ pens and she has had all kinds of pens so far.
A. collect B. throw C. lose D. give
22.When she ____ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
要點29 forget to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 forget to do sth. 忘記做某事
辨析：forget to do sth. 與forget doing sth.
forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事(事情未做) 。
forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(事情已做) 。
He was so excited that he forgot to introduce himself.
他太激動了以至于忘記介紹自己了。
Mary dances very well. I’ll never forget seeing her dance for the first time.
瑪麗舞跳得很好。我永遠也不會忘記第一次看她跳舞(的情景) 。
拓展：remember 為forget 的反義詞, 它的用法與forget 相同。
remember to do sth. 記得要做某事
remember doing sth. 記得做過某事
【新題速遞】1.To save energy, don’t forget ___C___ the light before you leave the room.
A. turn off B. turning off C. to turn off
23.Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____ the building.
要點30 get the chance to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 get the chance to do sth. 得到做某事的機會
get (have) a chance to do sth. =get (have) a chance of (doing) sth.得到做某事的機會，其中chance 作名詞，意為“機會”。
含chance 的其他常見短語： lose a chance 失去機會
take a chance 冒險
by chance 偶然地
Li Ming hopes to get a chance to raise the national flag on the playground. 李明希望有機會在操場上升國旗。
If you work hard and believe in yourself, you can have a chance to succeed.
如果你努力工作并且相信自己，你就有機會成功。
24.By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already shown up. 我到達聚會時，其他所有人都已經趕到了。
要點31 show up 的用法
用法分析 show up意為“出現；露面” 是不及物動詞短語，后面不跟賓語，相當于appear。
He didn’t show up at the party last night. 他沒有出席昨晚的宴會。
【拓展延伸】show的其他常見短語：
show off ____炫耀_______ show sb. around __帶某人參觀__
show sb. sth=show sth to sb __向某人展示某物__
【新題速遞】
1.—It’s everyone’s duty to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign.
—Sure. We should try to ___B___all the food that we’ve ordered.
A.give up B.eat up C.turn up D.show up
2.We were surprised that he didn't ___D____at his birthday party.
A. put up B. come out C. show around D. show up
25.By the end of the school day, ________
要點32 by the end of 的用法
用法分析 by the end of 在(某時間點) 以前
by the end of 與表示時間的名詞連用, 通常根據by the end of 之后時間的不同, 句子選用相應的時態：
①接表示將來的時間, 句子用一般將來時。
By the end of next month, I will finish reading the book. 到下個月底, 我將讀完這本書。
②接表示現在的時間，句子用現在完成時。
By the end of this week, my sister has learned five English songs. 到這周末，我妹妹已經學了五首英文歌曲。
③接表示過去的時間，句子用過去完成時。
By the end of last year, thousands of trees had been planted in this city.
到去年年底，這個城市有成千上萬棵樹已被種植。
辨析：by the end of, at the end of 與in the end
by the end of “在……之前”, 僅指時間。
at the end of “在……結束時；在……盡頭”, 指時間或地點。 強調一段時間的結束點或某段路程的終止處。
in the end “最后；終于”, 位于句首或句末, 表示事情已結束。
By the end of last year, they had seen six English films. 到去年年底，他們已經看了六部英文電影。
My father always waits for me at the end of the road. 我父親總是在路的盡頭等我。
What decision did she make in the end 最后她做了什么決定？
【新題速遞】
1.—打擾一下，我可以借這本書嗎？ —當然可以，但你必須在這學期末還回來。
—Excuse me, can I borrow this book
—Sure, but you must return it ____by____ ____the____ ____end____ ____of____ this term.
單元語法講練
語法精講
過去完成時
一、語法概述
過去完成時由“助動詞had（用于各種人稱和數）+過去分詞”構成，表示某動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成，它表示動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”。
二、過去完成時的句式結構
肯定句 主語+had+過去分詞+其他. Most of the guests had left when she arrived at the party.大多數客人在她到達聚會時已經離開了。
否定句 主語+hadn’t+過去分詞+其他. By 9:00 yesterday evening, he hadn’t gotten home. 昨晚直到9點鐘，他還沒到家。
一般疑問句 及其答語 Had+主語+過去分詞+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主語+had. 否定回答：No, 主語+hadn’t. —Had Simon finished his homework before he watched TV 在看電視之前西蒙完成他的作業了嗎？ —Yes, he had.是的，他完成了。 No, he hadn’t. 不，他沒有完成。
【即學即用】按要求完成句子，每空一詞
1.Mike had learned five Chinese songs by the end of the term.(改為否定句)
Mike __hadn’t___ __learned___ five Chinese songs by the end of the term.
2.By the time you arrived, they had finished the project.(對畫線部分提問)
__What____ ___had____ they done by the time you arrived
3.He had lived in the town for six years before I moved here.(對畫線部分提問)
__How____ ___long___ ___had____ he lived in the town before you moved here
三、過去完成時的用法
1.表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成，常與by、before等構成的表示時間的短語連用。
在表示過去某一動作或狀態的句子中，常出現與完成時態連用的詞，如：already, yet, since, for, ever, never 及表次數的詞，此時句子常用過去完成時。
By the time I went outside, the rain had already stopped. 我走到外面時，雨已經停了。
He threw it into the sea before he realized what he had done. 在他意識到他所做的事情之前，他已經把它扔進了海里。
常用在said、told、knew、heard、realized等后面的賓語從句中。
過去完成時經常用于主句為一般過去時的賓語從句中，表示從句動作先于主句動作發生
He said that he had worked in that factory for ten years. 他說他已經在那家工廠工作了十年。
I suddenly realized that I had left my ID card at home. 我突然意識到我把身份證忘在家里了。
3.在含有when、before等引導的時間狀語從句的復合句中，如果從句的時態為一般過去時，主句常用過去完成時。
The concert had ended when she arrived there. 當她到達那里時，音樂會已經結束了。
She had learned English before she came to America. 她來美國之前學過英文。
4.過去完成時是一個相對的時態，只有和過去的某個時間或動作相比較時才會用到，因此可通過分析語境來確定時態。
I met Jim in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing.
我昨天在街上碰見了吉姆，自從他去北京以后，我們彼此就沒有見過面。
I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已歸還了我借的書。
【即學即用】
1.She____A____5,000 English words by the time she was 15.
A.had learned　 B.has learned　 C.learned　 D.learns
2.When she____D____at school,she realized she_________her homework at home.
A.arrived;left　 B.had arrived;had left C.had arrived;left　 D.arrived;had left
3.Since we began to use the Internet, our lives____D____a lot.
A.change B.had changed C.will change D.have changed
4.Tom found that the train ___D____ when he ________ at the station.
A. left; had arrived B. left; arrived C. had left; had arrived D. had left; arrived
5.By the time the bell　rang　 (ring), all the students had been back to the classroom.
6.By the time Linda got up, her father had already　gotten　 (get) in the shower.
7.By 9 o’clock last night, we　had gotten (get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
四、不用過去完成時的幾種情況
1.句中有yesterday、last year、in 1990、three years ago等明確表示過去的時間狀語時，常用一般過去時，而不用過去完成時。
He said his grandpa died in 1999. 他說他的爺爺是1999年去世的。
Freddie bought a bicycle three days ago. 弗雷迪三天前買了一輛自行車。
2.敘述過去連續發生的兩件及兩件以上的事情時，雖然時間上有先后之別，但仍用一般過去時。
They decided to stay there, so they built their house and got married. 他們決定留在那兒，所以他們建了房子，并結了婚。
3.在包含before、after、when、until、as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句的復合句中，如果主句的動作和從句的動作緊接著發生，那么主、從句均使用一般過去時。
Where did you study before you came here 你來這兒之前在哪兒學習？
He took out his English book as soon as he sat down. 他一坐下就拿出了英語書。
語法小測
一、單項選擇
1.—Did you see Tom at the airport
—No. His plane D by the time I there.
A. has taken off; got B. took off; had got C. took off; got D. had taken off; got
2.She said she D the story already.
A. has read B. read C. will read D. had read
3.When I got to the train station, the train ___B____ for ten minutes.
A.had left B.had been away C.has left D.has been away
4. By the time the police got to the super market, the thief ___D____.
A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.had gone
5.—Did you catch the first subway this morning
—No, I didn't. It had started moving ___A____ I could get on it.
A.before B.since C.after D.as soon as
6.When she ___B___ up, she realized that she________.
A. woke up; has overslept B. woke up; had overslept
C. wake up; had overslept D.wake up; has overslept
7.Mr. Black ___C____his keys in the office, so he had to wait until his wife ________ home.
A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; comes
8.—Why didn’t you go to the movie yesterday
—Because I ___C____ it before.
A. see B. have seen C. had seen D.saw
9.How long ___B____ the film ________ when you got to the cinema
A. has; been on B. had; been on C. had; begun D.has; begun
10.—Why didn't you give the wallet to the man at once
—Because he ___C____before I realized it was his.
A. had been disappeared B. has disappeared C. had disappeared D. has been disappeared
11.By the time I ___C____up, my brother________ in the shower. I had to wait for him.
A.wake; got B.woke; has gotten C.woke; had gotten D.wake; has gotten
12.They were surprised to find that the flower ___A____ before they arrived.
A.had come out B.came out C.was coming out D.would come out
13.She had written a number of books ___C____ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
14.They ___B____ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living
15.The train from Beijing ___C____ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived
二、用所給詞的適當形式填空
1.Before we arrived at the party, Mr. Brown __had left__ (leave) the room.
2.By the time I ___walked____(walk) into the store,someone had bought the jeans I wanted.
3.We __had painted___(paint) the house before we moved in.
4.Tom said he ___had read_____(read) the book twice.
5.My mother ___had come_____(come) back from the market when I ____got_____(get) up.
6.I had turned off all the lights before I ____went_____ (go) to bed.
7.They __had studied___(study) the map of the country before they left.
8.By the time I got there yesterday , the meeting ___had begun____(begin).
Section B教材要點精析
1.fool
要點1 fool 的用法
用法分析 fool /fu l/ n. 蠢人; 傻瓜 v. 愚弄
①作名詞，意為“蠢人；傻瓜”。
Are you trying to make a fool of me 你是在捉弄我嗎？
②作動詞，意為“欺騙；愚弄”。fool sb. into doing sth. 哄騙某人做某事。
Don’t be fooled into thinking they’re going to change anything. 別上當受騙，以為他們打算作出任何改變。
拓展：fool 對應的形容詞為foolish，意思為“愚蠢的；傻的”。
It’s foolish of you to give up your friendship. 你放棄你們的友誼是愚蠢的。
The fool does think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool.
愚者自以為聰明，智者則以愚者自居。【諺】
【新題速遞】
1.I felt like a f ool when I realized my mistake.
2.embarrassed
要點2 embarrassed 的用法
用法分析 embarrassed / m'b r st/ adj. 窘迫的；害羞的
embarrassed 常用來表達人的主觀感受，在句中作表語。常與介詞about 或at 連用，表示“因……而感到窘迫”。
Li Ming felt embarrassed at his own behavior. 李銘對自己的行為感到尷尬。
拓展：embarrassed 的相關詞：
embarrass v. 使尷尬→ embarrass sb. 使某人尷尬
embarrassing adj. 令人尷尬的 修飾事或物，在句中作定語或表語。
embarrassment n. 尷尬
Today is an embarrassing day. Everyone smiled at me. That made me embarrassed. Soon I realized that I had worn my jacket inside out. What an embarrassment!
今天是令人尷尬的一天。所有人都沖著我笑。那讓我很尷尬。不久，我意識到自己把夾克衫穿反了。真尷尬啊！
【新題速遞】
1.At that moment everyone stared at me in disbelief. You can’t imagine how ___C___ I was.
A. relaxed B. bored
C. embarrassed D. outgoing
2.Don’t mention it,OK It’s the most 　B　 thing in my life!
A.embarrassed　 B.embarrassing C.happy D.exciting
3.My most 　B　 moment was trying to introduce a person whose name I couldn't remember. Every time this kind of thing happens, I feel 　　　 .
A.embarrassing; embarrassing B.embarrassing; embarrassed
C.embarrassed; embarrassed D.embarrassed; embarrassing
4.He felt _embarrassed_(embarrass) when he heard the _embarrassing_ (embarrass) news.
3.get dressed
要點3 get dressed 的用法
用法分析 get dressed 穿上衣服
get dressed 相當于put on clothes。
It’s 6 a. m. You have to hurry up and get dressed. 現在是早上六點。你得快點穿好衣服。
The man is dressed in a black sports suit today. 這個男人今天穿著黑色的運動套裝。
【新題速遞】
1.I took a quick shower and got ____dressed_____ (dress) .
4.stayed up all night
要點4 stay up 的用法 (高頻)
用法分析 stay up 熬夜 stay up 不能用于被動語態。
stay up 為不及物動詞短語, 后不接賓語。stay up late 熬夜到很晚。
To finish the order, all the stuff stayed up late. 為了完成訂單，全體人員熬夜到很晚。
拓展：stay up doing sth. “熬夜做某事”。
My mother often stays up working. 我媽媽經常熬夜工作。
stay 的相關短語有：
① stay at home 待在家里
② stay out 待在外面
③ stay away from 遠離
④ stay calm 保持冷靜
⑤ stay with...同……待在一起
⑥ stay behind 留下來
【新題速遞】
1.盡管你對這部電視劇感興趣，但是你最好不要熬夜看。
Although you are interested in this TV drama，you’d better not ___stay____ ___up____ late to watch it.
4.the other kids showed up
要點4 the other 的用法
用法分析 the other 其余的
① the other + 復數名詞，意為“其余的……”。特指某范圍內剩余的全部。
The other students are working as volunteers at the old people’s home. 其他學生正在養老院做志愿者。
② the other + 單數名詞，(兩者中的) 另一個，表示特指。
We came to the other side of the road. 我們來到路對面。
拓展：other 還可作代詞，常用于one... the other... 結構，表示兩者中的“一個……另一個……”。
He has two computers. One is used for studying, and the other is used for working.
他有兩臺電腦。一臺用于學習，另一臺用于工作。
other 的其他常見搭配：
on the other hand 另一方面
in other words 換句話說
辨析：the other, another, other, others 與the others
the other 特指“兩者中的另一個”, 常與one搭配構成one... the other... 一個……另一個……。
another 泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一個”, 后接單數名詞。
other 泛指“別的; 其他的”, 后常接復數名詞或不可數名詞。
others 泛指“其他的人或物”, 后不接名詞。結構：some... others... 一些……另一些……。
the others 特指“某一范圍內的另外的人或物”。結構：some... the others... 一些……其余的……
【新題速遞】
1.—I can’t find my shoes. Where are they, Mom
—Oh, one is under the bed, and ___A____ is behind the door.
A. the other B. others C. another
5.April Fool’s Day is a celebration （that takes place in different countries around the world.）
句子分析 先行詞 ↓ 從句謂語 狀語
引導定語從句，在定語從句中作主語，代指先行詞a celebration
(1) that 引導的定語從句
Do you know the girl that comes from China 你認識那個來自中國的女孩嗎？
that指人，作定語從句的主語
I lost the pen that my mother bought for me on my birthday. 我丟了生日那天我媽媽給我買的鋼筆。
that 指物，作定語從句的賓語
that 引導定語從句時常常在定語從句中作主語或賓語，that 指人或物。
拓展：that 也可以引導賓語從句，但that 在賓語從句中不作任何句子成分，僅起連接作用，無意義。
Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference. 記住每個人都可以做一些事情來產生影響。
【新題速遞】
1.— I’ll never forget the experiences ___C___ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me neither. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A. when B. who C. that
要點5 take place 的用法
用法分析 take place 舉行 take place 的主語不能是人，其后不接賓語，不能用于被動語態。
The Olympic Games take place every four years. 奧林匹克運動會每四年舉辦一次。
拓展：take place 還可意為“發生”，與happen 的區別如下：
take place 表示事先安排或有準備的事情或活動的發生，無被動語態。
happen 往往表示偶然的、沒預料的事情的發生，無被動語態。
Great changes have taken place there and my hometown has become more and more beautiful.
那里發生了巨大的變化并且我的家鄉變得越來越漂亮了。
The traffic accident happened at 4:00 on Monday afternoon.
這起交通事故發生在周一下午四點。
【新題速遞】1.越野比賽通常在各種天氣條件下進行，無論炎熱還是寒冷。
Cross-country races usually ___take____ ___place____ in all weather conditions, hot or cold.
6.One April Fool’s Day, a reporter in England announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti.
要點6 announce 的用法
用法分析 announce / 'na ns/ v. 宣布；宣告
announce 后面接名詞或賓語從句，側重“宣布”人們所關心或感興趣的事情，尤指新聞類的消息。
They have announced the date of their wedding in the newspaper. 他們已在報紙上宣布了他們結婚的日期。
The radio announcer said it was nine o’clock. 電臺播音員報時九點整。
The president will make an important announcement. 總統將要發表一項重要公告。
announce 的詞形變化：
announcer n. 播音員，節目主持人
announcement n. 通告，公告，布告
【新題速遞】1.—Which team will enter the final of the basketball competition
—No one can know the result until it ________is announced__________ (宣告) tomorrow morning.
6....all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.
要點6 sell out 的用法
用法分析 sell out 賣光, 售完
“動詞+out”短語： put out 撲滅
leave out 遺漏 blow out 被(風等) 吹滅
give out 分發 bring out 使顯現
find out 查明；弄清楚 work out 計算出；解決
是“動詞+ 副詞”結構短語，后接人稱代詞作賓語時，人稱代詞應放在sell 與out 之間；
后接名詞作賓語時，名詞既可位于兩者之間，又可以位于out 之后。
These books are very popular. We’ve sold them out. 這些書很受歡迎，我們已經把它們賣完了。
The tickets to the concert were sold out within hours. 演唱會的門票在幾小時之內被賣光了。
【新題速遞】1.今天上午，這家商店的所有面包都被賣光了。
All the bread in this store _____was sold out_______ this morning.
7.In another famous trick a TV show in England reported the discovery of special water.
要點7 discovery 的用法
用法分析 discovery /d 'sk v ri/ n. 發現；發覺
discovery 既可作可數名詞也可作不可數名詞。其后常接of 短語或that引導的同位語從句。
discovery的常用短語有：
① the discovery of... ……的發現
② make a discovery 有發現
The first Nobel Prize was presented to a German scientist for the discovery of rays.
第一個諾貝爾獎被授予了一位德國科學家，因為射線的發現。
Our teacher told us an exciting discovery that there are many kinds of animals in the deep sea.
我們老師告訴我們一個令人興奮的發現：深海里有許多種類的動物。
拓展：discovery 的詞形變化：
discover v. 發現
discoverer n. 發現者
Everyone wanted to meet the discoverer who discovered the new island. 每一個人都想見一下那個新島嶼的發現者。
辨析：discover 與invent
discover 指第一次發現，原本存在，只是過去不被人知道。
invent 意為“發明”，指創造或發明出原來不存在的新事物。
【新題速遞】1.The d iscovery/discoveries of ancient objects while digging can tell us a lot about the history.
8.He asked her to marry him.
要點8 marry 的用法
用法分析 marry /'m ri/ v. 嫁；結婚；把……嫁給
When did Rick ask you to marry him 里克什么時候向你求婚的？
The mother married her daughter to a gentleman. 這位母親把女兒嫁給了一位紳士。
marry 的常見用法：
① marry sb. 嫁給某人，與某人結婚
② marry A to B 把A 嫁給B
特別提醒：marry 和get married 為短暫性動詞(短語) ，當表示“結婚一段時間”時要用be married。
拓展：get married 結婚 get/be married to sb. 與某人結婚
Tony and Jane got married many years ago. = Tony married Jane many years ago.
= Jane got married to Tony many years ago. 很多年前托尼和簡就結婚了。
How long have the couple been married 那對夫婦結婚多長時間了？
Jane has been married to Tony for many years. 簡和托尼結婚很多年了。
【新題速遞】1.Cathy’s parents got married twenty-five years ago. (改為同義句)
Cathy’s parents _________have been__________ married for twenty-five years.
9.The TV star lost his girlfriend and his show was canceled.
要點9 cancel 的用法
用法分析 cancel /'k nsl/ v. 取消；終止
cancel 為及物動詞, 主語多是人, 后接名詞或代詞作賓語, 也可用于被動結構。
The customer called to cancel the order. 這位顧客打電話來取消訂單。
Hard work will cancel out all your shortcomings. 努力學習將會抵消你所有的短板。
Our sports meeting will be canceled if the rain doesn’t stop. 如果雨不停，我們的運動會將被取消。
cancel 的常用短語：① cancel the order 取消訂單
② cancel out 抵消
③ the cancel button of the keyboard 鍵盤的取消按鈕
【新題速遞】1.My brother’s flight was __________canceled/cancelled__________ (取消) because of the bad weather.
10.In that month in 1938, actor Orson Welles announced on his radio program that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth.
要點10 land 的用法
用法分析 land /l nd/ v. 著陸；降落
land 在此處用作不及物動詞，意為“著陸；降落”，反義詞組為take off，意為“起飛”。
Be careful! The plane is going to land on the airport. 小心點! 飛機馬上要降落于飛機場了。
拓展：
(1) land 還可作及物動詞，意為“使著陸，使降落”。
The pilot landed the plane safely. 飛行員使飛機安全著陸。
(2) land 還可作不可數名詞，意為“陸地；大地”。
The elephant is the biggest animal on land. 大象是陸地上最大的動物。
Are you going by land or by sea 你是從陸地上走還是從海上走？
Generally speaking, a plane can only land on land, not on the sea. 一般來說，飛機只能降落在陸地上，不能在海上。
land 作名詞的常用搭配：by land 陸路
on land 陸地上
【新題速遞】1.To our great joy, the astronauts of the Shenzhou-17 crew (乘組) l anded safely back to the earth as planned in April, 2024.
11.Welles made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story, and fear spread across the whole country.
要點11 hundreds of 的用法
用法分析 hundreds of 數百的，成百上千的
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. Hundreds of visitors come here on weekends.
我們的家鄉變得越來越美麗。周末有成百上千的游客來這里。
類似的短語還有: thousands of 數以千計的
millions of 數以百萬計的
billions of 數以十億計的
拓展：hundred(百) ，thousand(千) ，million(百萬) ，billion(十億) 等數詞的用法：
基數詞+hundred/ thousand/million/... hundred/thousand等用單數形式，且不可與of連用 這兩種情況后都跟可數名詞的復數形式，作主語時，其后的謂語動詞均用復數形式
hundreds/thousands/ millions/...of 前面不可加具體的數詞，hundred/thousand等要用復數形式，且of不可省略
(1) 當前面有具體數字修飾，表示確切數目時，其后不加-s，也不和of連用。
five hundred 五百 three thousand 三千
(2) 若表示一個不確切的數目，即模糊數目，前面沒有具體數字，其后要加-s，而且須與of 連用。
hundreds of students 數百名學生
速記小法: hundred，thousand，million，billion 的用法：
-s，of 不分家，遇到數字全拿下。
模糊數字兩有(有-s，有of) ，
具體數字兩無(無-s，無of) 。
【新題速遞】1.Two ___C___ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ______ it.
A．hundreds; to buy B．hundreds; buy C．hundred; to buy
12.Why did the supermarkets run out of spaghetti one April Fool’s Day
要點12 run out of 的用法
用法分析 run out of 用完；耗盡
辨析：run out of 與 run out
run out of 用完； 耗盡 是及物動詞短語，其主語通常是人，其后可直接跟賓語。
run out 用完； 耗盡 是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常是time、money 等無生命的事物。其后不接賓語。
I’ve run out of all my paper. Can you lend some to me 我所有的紙都用完了。你能借我一些嗎？
Time is running out. 時間不多了。
Don’t run out of hope, for it is the last thing you should ever lose.不要失去希望，因為它是你最不應該失去的東西。
13.Which of these stories is the most believable
要點13 believable 的用法
用法分析 believable /b 'li v bl/ adj. 可相信的；可信任的
believable 由believe(v. 相信) 去e + -able(形容詞后綴) 構成。其比較級為more believable，最高級為most believable。
This book is full of believable and interesting characters. 這本書里充滿了可信且有趣的角色。
構詞法記單詞: -able 是形容詞后綴，表示“可……的；能……的；具有……性質的”。
類似的形容詞有：comfortable 使人舒服的
reasonable 有理由的
valuable 寶貴的
格言諺語記單詞: Truths are always believable.真理總是可信的。
拓展：believable 的相關詞：believe v. 相信
belief n. 信心；信念
unbelievable adj. 難以相信的；難以置信的
You can believe in the young man. He is believable. 你可以相信這個年輕人。他是可信的。
It’s unbelievable that he did it by himself. 他自己做了那件事，真是令人難以置信。
【新題速遞】1.I don’t think some online dictionaries are believable . There are many incorrect usages that can make us confused.
14.By the time people ________ (find out) the story was not true, all the spaghetti in the supermarkets ________ (disappear) .
要點14 disappear 的用法
用法分析 disappear /d s 'p / v. 消失；不見
disappear 為不及物動詞，一般指具體、有形的事物突然或逐漸不見，強調“看不見了”“不存在了” 的結果。
disappear的相關詞：disappearance n. 消失
appear v. 出現
appearance n. 出現
The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 太陽消失在云后。
The mystery of her disappearance was never solved. 她的失蹤之謎一直沒有解開。
When the night falls, the stars appear. 夜幕降臨時，星星出現了。
【新題速遞】1.Although more people are trying e-books, I believe paper books will not ___A___.
A. disappear B. increase
C. develop D. spread
15.As I was heading ______, I saw a huge truck in the middle of the road.
要點15 in the middle of... 的用法
用法分析 in the middle of... 在……中間 既指時間也指地點
We have lunch at school in the middle of the day.我們中午在學校吃午飯。
Do you know the man who is standing in the middle of the hall 你認識那位站在大廳中間的男士嗎？
辨析：middle 與center
middle 指“空間、時間或過程的兩端間等距離的部分”；也指“中等程度”。
center 只用于空間, 可指圓和球體的中心；也可用于比喻意義, 指某個場合或學術、工農、政治、經濟中心。
與middle 相關的其他短語： the Middle Ages 中世紀
middle school students 中學生
middle age 中年
The table is in the middle of the living room. 桌子在客廳的中間。
Beijing is the political, economic and cultural center of China. 北京是中國的政治、經濟和文化中心。
【新題速遞】1.A policeman is standing _______in the middle of_________ (在……中間) the road directing the traffic.
16.However, I ______ the road that led to the mall.
要點16 lead 的用法
用法分析 lead /li d/ v. 通向；引路；導致 (lead-led-led)
lead 的一詞多義：①通向
②引領；帶路 → lead one’s way 帶路；領路
③導致
④領導；指揮
⑤過（某種生活）→ lead a/an... life 過一種……的生活
Please tell me what place the road leads to. 請告訴我這條路通向什么地方。
The guide led us through the forest. 導游帶領我們穿過森林。
Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 食用過多的糖會引起健康問題。
Who is going to lead our band 誰來指揮我們的樂隊？
Now all the old people lead a happy life. 現在所有的老人們都過著愉快的生活。
【新題速遞】1.Electrical appliances（電器）can ____lead to_____（導致） a fire, so check them often to make sure they are working properly.
17.Why didn’t you hand in your science homework
要點17 hand in 的用法
用法分析 hand in 上交 動副結構短語
You must hand in all the materials before next Friday. 你必須在下周五之前上交所有材料。
When picking up someone else’s lost things, we are supposed to hand them in.
撿到別人丟失的物品時，我們應該把它們上交。
Could you help me hand out the papers 你能幫助我分發試卷嗎？
與hand 相關的其他短語：①hand out 分發
②hand over 移交
③by hand 手工
④give... a hand 幫助 ……
【新題速遞】1.—Eric, I found a watch on the playground.
— You’d better go to the Lost and Found Office and __A___.
A. hand it in B. turn it down C. look it upUnit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
一、單詞（英譯漢）預習用
1.unexpected adj.______________
2. backpack n.______________
3. oversleep v.______________
4. block n.______________
5. worker n.______________
6. stare v.______________
7. disbelief n.______________
8.above prep._________ adv._____
9.burn v.______________
10.burning adj.______________
11.alive adj.______________
12.airport n.______________
13.till prep.&conj.______________ 14.west adv._________adj.__________n.________
15.cream n.______________
16.workday n.______________
17.pie n.______________
18.bean n.______________
19.market n.______________
20.fool n._________v._____
21.costume n.______________
22.embarrassed adj.______________
23.announce v.______________
24.spaghetti n.______________
25.hoax n.______________
26.discovery n.______________
27. lady n.______________
28.cancel v.______________
29.officer n.______________
30.believable adj.______________
31.disappear v.______________
32.embarrassing adj.______________
二、單詞（漢譯英）學后測試用
1.adj.出乎意料的;始料不及的______________
2.n.背包;旅行包_________________
3. v. (overslept, overslept)睡過頭;睡得太久_________________
4.n.街區_________________
5.n.工作者;工人_________________
6.v.盯著看;凝視_________________
7.n.不信;懷疑_________________
8.prep.在...上面adv.在上面________________
9.v.(burnt,burnt;burned;burned)著火;燃燒_____
10.adj.著火的;燃燒的_________________
l1.adj.活著;有生氣的_________________
12.n.機場_________________
13.prep.&conj.到;直到_________________
14.adv.向西;朝西adj向西的;西部的n西;西方______ 15.n.奶油;乳脂_________________
16.n.工作日_________________
17.n.果餡餅;果餡派_________________
18.n.豆;豆莢_________________
19.n.市場;集市_________________
20.n.蠢人;傻瓜v.愚弄_________________
21.n.(特定場合穿的)服裝;裝束_____________
22.adj.窘迫的;害羞的_________________
23.v.宣布;宣告_________________
24.n.意大利面條_________________
25.n.騙局;惡作劇_________________
26.n.發現;發覺_________________
27.n.女士;女子_________________
28.v.取消;終止_________________
29.n.軍官;官員_________________
30.adj.可相信的;可信任的_________________
31.v.消失;不見_________________
32.adj.使人害羞的(難堪的或慚愧的)_________________
三、短語（英譯漢）預習用
1. be full of_________________
2. by the time_________________
3. leave sth.in..._________________
4. walk into_________________
5. be late for class_________________
6. go off_________________
7. wake up_________________
8.put on_________________
9. rush out of_________________
10.give... a lift_________________
11. at least_________________
12. arrive at_________________
13. be about to do sth._________________
14.go up_________________
15.even though_________________
16. in line with_________________
17. stare at_________________
18. in disbelief_________________
19. take off_________________
20. wait in line_________________
21.show up_________________
22.find out_________________
23. by the end of_________________
24. get dressed_________________
25.stay up_________________
26.all night_________________
27.take place_________________
28. play tricks on_________________
29. all kinds of_________________
30.each other_________________
31. no more_________________
32.sell out_________________
33. lose weight_________________
34.end up doing_________________
35.get married_________________
36. run out of_________________
四、短語（漢譯英）學后測試用
1.充滿_________________
2.在......以前_________________
3.把某物忘在_________________
4.走進_________________
5.上課遲到_________________
6.響起_________________
7.醒來_________________
8.穿上_________________
9.沖出_________________
10.捎......一程_________________
11.至少_________________
12.到達_________________
13.正要做某事_________________
14.上升_________________
15.雖然_________________
16.與......成一排_________________
17.盯著看;凝視_________________
18.懷疑;難以置信地_________________
19.起飛_________________
20.排隊等候_________________
21.趕到:露面_________________
22.查明;發現_________________
23.在(某時間點)以前_________________
24.穿好衣服_________________
25.熬夜_________________
26.整夜_________________
27.舉行;發生_________________
28.捉弄._________________
29.各種_________________
30.互相_________________
31.不再_________________
32.賣光_________________
33.減肥_________________
34.以做結束_________________
35.結婚_________________
36.用光_________________
Section A教材要點精析
1.Life is full of the unexpected.
要點1 be full of... 的用法
用法分析 be full of... 充滿……；裝滿……
be full of 相當于be filled with，強調狀態。fill...with...“用……裝滿……”，強調動作。
Taking exercise makes you tired, but relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence.
鍛煉會讓你累，但也會讓你放松。一個強壯的身體有助于你充滿信心。
Please fill the cup with water. I’ll put some flowers in it. 請給杯子加滿水，我將放些花在里面。
【新題速遞】1.請你看到自己的優勢并對每件事情充滿自信。(full)
Please see your advantages and _____________ confidence for everything.
要點2 unexpected 的用法
用法分析 unexpected / n k'spekt d/ adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的
unexpected 由“un-(前綴) +expected(adj.) 預料的”構成。既可作定語也可作表語。
Life is full of unexpected surprises. 生活充滿了意想不到的驚喜。
作定語
The announcement was not entirely unexpected. 這個通告并非完全出乎意料。
作表語
unexpected 的相關詞：
expected adj. 預料的
expect v. 預料；期待 → expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
expectedly adv.意料之中地
unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
【新題速遞】1.Although the match is moving in an _______________ (出乎意料的) direction, our team will finally win, I believe.
要點3 the unexpected 的用法
用法分析 the unexpected 出乎意料的事
①英語中有些形容詞和定冠詞the 連用，可表示一類人或事物，在句子中相當于名詞。
the sick 病人 the young 年輕人 the old 老年人
We Chinese have the tradition of respecting the old. 我們中國人有尊老的傳統。
②“the+ 形容詞”作主語時，若表示具有共同特征的某一類人或事物，謂語動詞用復數形式；
若表示抽象概念，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。
The beautiful isn’t always the same as the good. 美的東西不總是和好的東西一樣。
拓展：形容詞名詞化，一般在前面加定冠詞the，但若有連詞and 連接(兩個形容詞往往是反義詞) 并成對使用，the 通常省略。
It’s a book for young and old alike. 這本書老少皆宜。
敲黑板:
“the + 形容詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數形式取決于它所表示的概念的單復數情況。
【新題速遞】1.—What’s the most important tradition in a Chinese family
—We must care for _____ old.
an B. the C. /
2.By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.
為“助動詞had+過去分詞”結構，是過去完成時，它所表示的動作比句中另一個動作got up還要早，
即“過去的過去”。
要點4 by the time... 的用法
用法分析 by the time... 在……以前；當……時
by the time 引導時間狀語從句，若從句用一般過去時，主句常用過去完成時。
The meeting had begun by the time I got there yesterday. 昨天我到那兒時，會議已經開始了。
By the time I got home, my parents had already cooked dinner. 我到家之前，我的父母已經做了晚飯。
【拓展延伸】be the time后的從句若用一般現在時，主句常用將來完成時。
By the time they get there, the train will have left. 他們到達那里之前，火車將已經離開。
拓展：by now 表示“到現在為止”，通常與現在完成時連用。
By now, I haven’t seen this film.到現在為止，我沒有看過這部電影。
time 的其他相關短語：①in time 及時地
②at the same time 同時
③on time 按時
④all the time 一直
⑤at times 有時候
【新題速遞】1.By the time I got to the cinema, the movie ______ for 10 minutes.
has been on B. had been on C. had stopped D. had begun
2.By the time I _______ up, my mother ________ to do volunteer work in our community.
A. woke; had gone B. wake; has gone C. woke; has gone D. wake; had gone
3.I overslept.
要點5 oversleep 的用法
用法分析 oversleep / v (r) 'sli p/ v. 睡過頭；睡得太久 oversleep的過去式、過去分詞均為overslept
oversleep 在此處作不及物動詞，是由“over+sleep”構成的。
I shall probably oversleep as I am not used to getting up so early. 我很可能會睡過頭，因為我不習慣起得這么早。
構詞法記單詞: 前綴over- 表示“太；過于；上面；外面；額外；上方”，常見詞有：
overwork (使) 過度勞累 overcoat 長大衣
overage 超齡的 oversized 過大的
【新題速遞】
1.Jack was late for class in the morning, because he ______________ (oversleep) .
4.When I ____ (get) home, I realized I ____(leave) my keys in the backpack.
要點6 leave 的用法
用法分析 leave v. 忘了帶；丟下；讓……處于(某種狀態、某地等) (left，left)
leave 的具體用法：
leave+ 賓語+ 地點狀語 把……忘在某地
leave sb. alone 把某人單獨留下
Yesterday I left my schoolbag in the classroom. 昨天我把我的書包落在教室了。
Dad always makes sure it’s safe to leave me alone at home before he goes out.
爸爸出門前，總會確保把我一個人留在家里是安全的。
拓展：leave 與forget 都可表示“遺忘”，其區別如下：
leave 常與地點狀語連用，表示將某物遺忘在某個地方。
forget 不與地點狀語連用，表示忘記帶某物。
Sorry. I forgot my English book. I left it at home. 對不起，我忘記帶我的英語書了。我把它落在家里了。
【新題速遞】1.1.I think I have _______ my key in the car.
A.forget B. left C.forgotten D.leave
2.I can’t find my keys. Maybe I _______ them at home this morning.
A.left B. forgot C.lost D.missed
5.My alarm clock didn’t go off !
要點7 go off 的用法(重點)
用法分析 go off (警報器等) 突然發出聲響 動副短語，相當于ring。
I have set my alarm clock to go off at 7:00. 我已經把鬧鐘設置為七點響了。
拓展：go off 的其他詞義：①離開 (機器) ②停止運行
③(食物、飲料) 變質，變壞 ④開火；爆炸
Many people went off to take a trip in Hainan during the Spring Festival. 春節期間很多人離開去海南旅行了。
In a smart home, the lights go on when you enter a room and they go off when you leave the room.
在智能家居中，當你進入房間時燈就會亮，當你離開房間時燈就會熄滅。
Meat goes off quickly in the hot weather. 肉在熱天變壞得快。
The bomb went off in an abandoned factory. 炸彈在一個廢棄的工廠里爆炸了。
含有off 的其他短語：①turn off 關閉(電源、燈光、設備等)
②take off(飛機等) 起飛；脫下(衣物)
③put off推遲(計劃、會議等)
④cut off 切斷(電源、水源、聯系等)
⑤set off 出發
⑥fall off 跌落；減少；脫落
⑦pay off 付清(債務) ；取得成功；有回報
⑧show off 炫耀；賣弄
⑨get off 下車
【新題速遞】1.Steve’s alarm didn’t ______, so he didn’t catch the train to Beijing in time.
A. put off B. go off
C. turn off D. get off
6.By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. 我回到學校時，鈴已經響了。
要點8 ring 的用法
用法分析 ring在此處作不及物動詞，意為“（鐘、鈴等）鳴；響”，其過去式為 rang ，過去分詞為 rung 。ring還可作及物動詞，意為“按（鈴）；敲（鐘）”。
The doorbell is ringing. 門鈴響了。
Just ring the bell if you need the nurse. 你如果需要護士，按一下鈴就可以了。
拓展
①ring作動詞，還可意為“打電話”。
I’ll ring you up tomorrow. 明天我會打電話給你。
②ring還可作名詞，意為“環；圈；戒指”。
My mother lost her ring last week. 上周媽媽丟了她的戒指。
【新題速遞】
1.My boss told me that Mr.Zhang (ring) me twice since lunchtime.
2.By the time the bell (ring),all the students had been back to the classroom.
7.How did the writer end up missing both events 作者最后如何躲過了這兩件事？
要點9 end up 的用法
用法分析 end up意為“結束”，常用結構有：
At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I ended up walking here because of the heavy traffic. 起初我想乘出租車，但由于交通擁堵，我最終步行來到了這里。
The movie ends up with a beautiful song. 這部電影以一首優美動聽的歌曲結束。
He worked very hard and ending up as an engineer. 他工作非常努力，最終成為了一名工程師。
【新題速遞】
1.Because all the money had ran out,he ended up_______his vacation at home.
A.spending　 B.spend　 C.spent　 D.to spend
2.Many April Fool’s jokes may end up (be) not very funny.
8.I kept sleeping, and when I woke up it was already 8: 00 a.m.!
要點10 wake up 的用法
用法分析 wake up 醒來；喚醒 wake 的過去式為woke；過去分詞為woken
①“醒來”，不及物動詞短語，指自己醒來。后不接賓語。
The old usually wake up early. 老年人通常醒得早。
②“喚醒”，指把別人喚醒，動副結構短語，其賓語是代詞時，代詞放在wake 和up 中間。
The noise outside the room woke me up just now. 剛剛屋外的聲音吵醒了我。
拓展：wake 的形容詞形式是 awake，意為“醒著的”，在句中作表語。
Is she awake or asleep 她是醒著還是睡著？
If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel stuck between being asleep and being awake. That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping.
如果我們醒得太晚，我們的身體可能會感到困在睡眠和清醒之間。這就是為什么有時我們睡過頭后會感到更累。
【新題速遞】1.It was late. She opened the door quietly because she didn’t want to ______ her parents.
A. wake up B. cheer up C. get up D. take up
9.So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out of the door.
要點11 put on 的用法(高頻)
用法分析 put on 穿上；戴上
后接表示衣服、鞋、帽子等的名詞或代詞作賓語，強調動作。反義短語為take off(摘掉；脫下) 。
Put on more clothes. It is cold outside in winter.多穿點衣服。冬天外面很冷。
put on 為動副短語，后接代詞時，代詞要放在put 與on 之間。
辨析: put on, dress, wear, have on 與be in
put on 強調動作，賓語是物，如：衣服、眼鏡等。
dress 表示動作，賓語是人而不是物。
wear 強調狀態，賓語是物，如：衣服、眼鏡、飾品等。可用于進行時態。
have ...on 強調狀態，賓語是物，不能用于進行時態。
be in 強調狀態，后接表示顏色或衣物類的詞，指穿什么(顏色的) 衣服。
拓展：put on 的其他常見用法：
(1) 發胖；增加(若干) 體重
Jenny put on 3 kilos during the Spring Festival. 珍妮在春節期間胖了3 公斤。
(2) 上演
They are going to put on a new play.他們將上演一出新戲。
知識積累:
turn on 打開
get on 上車
put on 穿上
depend on 依靠
【新題速遞】1.When you ______ Mamianqun (horse-faced skirt) , you will sense the beauty of traditional Chinese clothing.
A. turn on B. get on C. put on D. depend on
要點12 rush out of... 的用法
用法分析 rush out of... 沖出……
Henry rushed out of the room and disappeared in the rain. 亨利沖出了房間，消失在雨中。
拓展：
① rush 作動詞，意為“急促；倉促行事”。rush to do sth. 意為“急于做某事；搶著做某事”。
People rushed to buy vegetables in the supermarket. 人們搶著買超市里的菜。
②rush 還可作名詞，意為“倉促；匆忙；繁忙；高峰期”。
When you’re in a rush, it’s easier to make mistakes. 你在匆忙之中更容易犯錯。
He went out early so that he could avoid the rush hour. 為了避開交通高峰時間，他很早就出門了。
rush 作名詞的常用短語：①in a rush 倉促；匆忙
②rush hour(上下班時的) 交通高峰期
③in the rush hour 在交通高峰期
【新題速遞】1.鈴聲一響學生們就沖出了教室。
The students ____ ____ ____ ___ _______ the classroom as soon as the bell rang.
10.Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
要點13 give sb. a lift 的用法
用法分析 give sb. a lift 捎某人一程
lift 在此處用作名詞， 意為“搭便車”。同義短語有 give sb. a ride 或offer sb. a ride。
Cindy, would you mind giving me a lift to work tomorrow morning 辛迪，你介意明天早上載我去上班嗎？
When your classmates are in trouble，remember to give them a hand. 當你的同學遇到困難時，記得幫助他們。
“give sb. a+ 名詞”結構的其他常見短語：
①give sb. a hand 給某人幫助
②give sb. a ring 給某人打電話
③give sb. a lesson 給某人一個教訓
④give sb. a chance 給某人一個機會
【新題速遞】1.我的車壞了。你能讓我搭個便車嗎？
My car is broken. Could you please ________ ________ ________ ________
11.I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.
要點14 be about to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 be about to do sth. 剛要做某事; 即將做某事
表示動作馬上就要發生，在時間上指最近的將來。
不能與immediately，tomorrow 等表示將來的時間狀語連用，
但可與when 構成be about to do sth. when... 句型，意為“剛要做某事，這時……”，when 意為“這時”
The train is about to leave. 火車馬上就要開了。
We were just about to leave when Jerry arrived. 我們正要離開，這時杰里來了。
“將要做某事”的表達：①be going to do sth.
②be to do sth.
③will/shall do sth.
Hurry up! The plane is about to take off. 快點！飛機就要起飛了。
I was about to go to bed last night when there was a knock on the door. 昨天晚上我正要上床睡覺，這時有敲門聲。
【新題速遞】1.—Why were you late for school this morning, Tom
—I was about to go to school _______ it began to rain.
since B. while C. as D. when
2.—Did Mrs. Smith call you yesterday
—Yes. I was about_______for lunch when the telephone rang.
A. going out B. to going out C. to go out D.go out
要點15 decide to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 decide to do sth. 決定做某事 否定形式: decide not to do sth.
In order to make my life more colorful, I decide to take up a new hobby like painting or growing flowers when I am free.
為了讓我的生活更加豐富多彩，我決定在我有空的時候培養一個新的愛好，比如畫畫或種花。
We decided not to go swimming because of the bad weather.由于天氣不好我們決定不去游泳。
拓展：decide on 意為“決定; 選定”, 后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing。
Would you like to decide on another time 您要不要選定別的時間？
They decide on flying kites. 他們決定放風箏。
“決心做某事”的表達：① determine to do sth.
② make up one’s mind to do sth.
③ make a decision to do sth.
【新題速遞】1.I’ve decided ________(stay) away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam.
2.The children decide_______their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.cleaned
12.I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office.
要點16 even though 的用法
用法分析 even though 即使，盡管
He went there alone even though he was a little frightened. 盡管他有點害怕，他還是獨自去了那里。
even though不能與but連用。
even though為連詞，引導讓步狀語從句。
辨析：even though 與even if
even though 引導的從句內容往往是真實的, 主要用于引出不利于主句情況的信息, 相當于漢語的“盡管、雖然”。
even if 引導的從句往往是假設性的, 相當于漢語的“即使、縱然、就算、 哪怕”。
He went out even though it was raining. 盡管正在下雨，他還是出去了。
They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed. 即使你不成功，他們也會支持你。
I will have a try even though/if I may fail. 哪怕失敗，我也要試一下。
在實際運用中even though和even if 可互換。
【新題速遞】1.I will never forget that car accident _____ it happened so long ago.
A. until B. if C. even though
要點17 block 的用法
用法分析 block /bl k/, /blɑ k/ n. 街區
He walked around the block three times. 他繞著這個街區走了3 圈。
block 的其他詞義：n.(方形平面) 大塊；大樓
13.As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
要點18 in line with 的用法
用法分析 in line with 與……成一排 常用在動詞wait，stand 等之后。
in line 的其他常用搭配：①wait in line 排隊等候
②cut in line 插隊
③stand in a line 站成一排
They waited in line with their family to enter the amusement park. 他們和家人一起在隊伍中等候進入游樂園。
We’re supposed to wait in line. 我們應該排隊等候。
It’s impolite to cut in line while shopping. 購物時插隊是不禮貌的。
They stood in a line and went into the library. 他們站成一排，進入了圖書館。
拓展：be in line with... 與……一致，吻合
His ideas on the problem are in line with mine. 他在這個問題上的見解與我的一致。
【新題速遞】1.我們應該排隊等候上地鐵。
We should ______________ to get on the subway.
14.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.
要點19 stare 的用法
用法分析 stare /ste /, /ster/ v. 盯著看; 凝視
stare 為不及物動詞，后常接介詞at，用來引出所注視的內容。
Every time you stare at your phone, you miss the chance to connect with another person.
每次你盯著手機(看時) ，你就錯過了與他人(建立) 聯系的機會。
辨析：stare 與look
stare 指由于好奇、驚訝、贊嘆等原因而瞪大眼睛長時間地、直接地注視, 有時含有無禮的意味。
look 指集中注意力看, 強調動作, 后接賓語時要加at, 也可單獨使用, 以引起對方的注意。
It’s impolite to stare at others. 盯著別人是不禮貌的。
Please look at the picture. What can you see 請看圖片。你能看到什么
拓展：stare 還可以作名詞, 意為“凝視; 注視”。
She gave me a blank stare. 她面無表情地盯著我。
【新題速遞】1.不要一直盯著別人看。
Don’t __________________ others all the time.
要點20 in disbelief 的用法
用法分析 in disbelief懷疑地，難以置信地
in disbelief 為固定短語，在句中作狀語，常與stare at sb., shake one’s head 等搭配使用。
disbelief 是由否定前綴dis- 加belief 構成，是不可數名詞，意為“不信；懷疑”。
Bill’s family stared at him in disbelief. 比爾的家人難以置信地盯著他。
“in+表示情感的名詞”可用作狀語，表示一種情感狀態。常見的有：
①in anger 憤怒地
②in surprise 驚訝地
③in excitement 興奮地
④in despair 絕望地
⑤in silence 沉默地
【新題速遞】1.聽到我的話，女孩一臉不信地停了下來。
Hearing my words, the girl stopped with a look of ___________ on her face.
2.The woman looked in 　 　　at the large pile of money on the table.
A.disbelieve　 B.disbelief　 C.belief　 D.believes
要點21 above 的用法(重點)
用法分析 above / 'b v/ prep. 在……上面 adv. 在上面
The plane flew above the clouds. 飛機在云層上方飛行。
作介詞
Put it on the shelf above. 把它放在上面的擱板上。
作副詞
辨析：above, over 與on
詞義 兩物體之間的關系 反義詞
above 在……上方 不接觸, 不垂直 below
over 在……正上方 不接觸, 垂直 under
on 在……上面 有接觸面 beneath
Simon’s room is above mine and it’s on the fifth floor. 西蒙的房間在我的上面，它在五樓。
There are two bridges over the river. 河上有兩座橋。
There is a cup on the table. 桌子上有個杯子。
拓展：above 作介詞時，還可意為“超過”，表示數量、數目等方面超過，
還可以表示在質量、重要性等方面超過。
Porcelain is fired at a temperature above1, 200℃. 瓷器在1200℃ 以上的溫度下燒制。
The famous translator is above others in learning English. 這位著名的翻譯家在學習英語方面優于他人。
【新題速遞】1.The moon was a the tall tree in the east.
2.—I like the weather in Kunming.It’s warm all year long.
—Yes. And the temperature stays 　 　　zero all the time.
A.at　 B.below　 C.around　 D.above
要點22 burning 的用法
用法分析 burning /'b (r) n / adj. 著火的；燃燒的
Teachers are often compared to burning candles.教師們經常被比作燃燒的蠟燭。
Another burnt cake! But I’ve read the instructions and followed the steps you told me.
又是一個燒焦的蛋糕！但我已經閱讀了說明書，并遵循了你告訴我的步驟。
特別提醒：burning 正在燃燒的，強調正在進行 burned/burnt 燒完了的，強調已經過去
拓展：
①burn 作動詞, 意為“著火; 燃燒”, 既可作及物動詞, 也可作不及物動詞。(burnt, burnt; burned; burned)
Take care not to burn your fingers. 注意別燒著指頭。
②burn 還可作名詞, 意為“燒傷”。
If the burn is serious，call 120 or go to the hospital at once. 如果燒傷嚴重，撥打120 或立即去醫院。
burn 的常見短語：burn out 燒壞 burn down 燒毀
【新題速遞】1.Soon many people ran out of the _____________ (burn) building.
15.I felt lucky to be alive.
要點23 alive 的用法
用法分析 alive / 'la v/ adj. 活著; 有生氣的
構詞法記單詞: 許多動詞變形容詞常在詞首加a-，常見的有：
① a + live = alive 活著
② a + sleep = asleep 睡著的
③ a + wake = awake 醒著的
alive 的常見表達：
① bring sth. alive 使某物變得活躍
② keep sb./sth. alive 使某人或某物活著/繼續存在
The colorful pictures in the book bring the animals alive for young readers.
書中的彩色圖片讓動物們對年輕讀者來說栩栩如生。
Regular exercise helps keep your body and mind alive and healthy.
定期鍛煉有助于使你的身體和精神保持活力與健康。
辨析：alive, living, live 與lively
alive 意為“活著; 有生氣的”, 修飾人或動植物, 可作表語、賓語補足語或后置定語, 但不作前置定語。反義詞為dead。
living 意為“活著的”, 修飾人或物, 可作表語或前置定語。作表語時相當于alive。
live 作形容詞時，意為“活的”，通常指物不指人，作前置定語。它還可意為“現場直播的”。此時讀作/la v/
lively 意為“活潑的；生氣勃勃的；（色彩）鮮艷的”，修飾人或物，常描述人及其行為或活動，可作表語或定語。
They managed to stay alive after the terrible earthquake. 在可怕的地震之后，他們設法活了下來。
Water is very important for all living things in the world. 水對世界上所有的生物都很重要。
There will be no live wild lives in the world if we don’t protect their living environment.
如果我們不保護其生存環境，世界上就不會有活的野生生物了。
We watched a live television broadcast of the World Cup final. 我們觀看了世界杯決賽的電視現場直播。
Miss Wang always has a lot of ways to make her classes lively and interesting.
王老師總是有很多辦法使她的課堂生動有趣。
【新題速遞】1.1.Mr.Zhang has a strange way of making his classes and interesting.
A.lively B.live C.alive D.living
2.Life must go on since I was still .
A.alive B.lively C.live D.living
3.It’s a pity that few young people are willing to learn about iron painting, so we should try our best to keep it ______.
A. alive B. real C. secret D. fresh
4.We didn’t know whether the tree was dead or (live).
16.What bad luck!此句是what 引導的感嘆句，what 后接名詞，名詞前加形容詞bad。這里省略了主語和謂語。
用法分析 感嘆句是表達喜、怒、哀、樂以及驚奇、驚訝等強烈感情的句子，通常由what 或how 引導。
感嘆句的用法口訣：
感嘆句很簡單，what, how 放句前；
how 后跟形或副，what 后把名詞連；
名詞如果是單數，前面冠詞a 或an；
主語、謂語放后面，省略它們也常見。
what 引導 感嘆句 What+a/ an+ 形容詞+ 可數名詞單數(+ 主語+ 謂語) ！ What a beautiful season autumn is! 秋天是一個多么美麗的季節啊！
What+ 形容詞+ 可數名詞復數或不可數名詞(+ 主語+ 謂語) ！ What valuable suggestions you gave me! 你給了我多么寶貴的建議啊！ What good news it is! 多好的消息啊！
how 引導 感嘆句 How+ 形容詞或副詞(+主語+ 謂語) ！ How clean the classroom is! 教室多干凈啊！
How+ 主語+ 謂語！ How time flies! 時光飛逝！
拓展：what 引導的感嘆句可以與how 引導的感嘆句進行同義句轉換。
What an interesting movie it is! = How interesting the movie is! 多么有趣的電影啊！
【新題速遞】
1.—______ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!
—I’m glad you had a good time.
What B. How C. How a D. What a
2._____ amazing it is! The Shenzhou-17 members raise fish for the first time in the Tiangong space station.
A. What B. How C. What an
17.The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.
要點24 till 的用法
用法分析 till /t l/ prep.& conj. 到; 直到
till 既作介詞也作連詞，相當于until，作連詞時，引導時間狀語從句，具體的用法有：
①用在肯定句中，句中(主句) 的謂語動詞用延續性動詞，表示該動作或狀態一直持續到till/ until 所表示的時間為止。
I’ll wait till five o’clock. 我會等到五點。(介詞)
I will keep studying till I understand the concept completely. 我將繼續學習，直到我完全理解這個概念為止。(連詞)
②用在否定句中，句中(主句) 的謂語動詞用短暫性動詞，表示該動作或狀態直到till/ until 所表示的時間才發生。常用于not... till/until... 結構，意為“直到……才……”。
We didn’t leave the party until/till midnight.我們直到午夜才離開聚會。(介詞)
We didn’t know the result till/until the match finished.(連詞) 直到比賽結束我們才知道結果。
拓展：till 一般不用于句首，也不用在以not 開頭的短語或從句里，而until 常用。
Until now I have always lived alone.直到現在我一直獨自生活。
Not until 9:00 yesterday evening did we finish the work.直到昨晚9 點，我們才完成這項工作。
【新題速遞】1.Don’t trouble trouble _______________ (直到) trouble troubles you.
2.You will never truly understand your parents’ great love ______ you grow up.
A. until B. if C. since D. as
3.—I must go home.
—If you must, at least wait 　　 the rain stops.
A. since B. as C. till D.before
4.We are leaving tomorrow. We won't be back _______ next Thursday.
A.after B.since C.until D.when
18.My bad luck had unexpectedly turned into a good thing.
要點25 turn into 的用法
用法分析 turn into 變成
When ice melts, it turns into water. 冰融化后會變成水。
Solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity.太陽能電池板從太陽獲取能量并將其轉化為電能。
turn A into B 意為“把A 變成B”
辨析：turn into 與change into
turn into 既指形式上的改變, 也指狀態上和本質上的改變。
change into 強調外在形式上的改變。
She turned into a successful businesswoman after years of hard work. 經過多年的努力，她變成了一位成功的女商人。
She is changing into her swimsuit for the beach. 她正在換泳衣準備去海邊。
turn 構成的短語：
① turn on 打開
② turn up(把音量) 調高
③ turn in 上交
④ turn off 關掉
⑤ turn down(把音量) 調低；拒絕
⑥ turn over 翻身；翻轉
⑦ turn left/ right 左轉/右轉
【新題速遞】1.The Monkey King is not a normal monkey, he can ______ himself _____ different animals and objects.
A. turn; off B. turn; up C. turn; into
19.west
要點26 west 的用法
用法分析 west /west/ adv. 向西；朝西adj. 向西的；西部的 n. 西；西方
This room faces west. 這個房間朝西。
We have been planning to visit the west coast of France.我們一直計劃著去游覽法國西海岸。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太陽東升西落。
20.dead
要點27 dead 的用法
用法分析 dead /ded/ adj. 死的；失去生命的 在句中作定語或表語。 the dead 死者。
敲黑板: 表示“去世多長時間”要用“have/has been dead for + 時間段”或“died +時間段+ ago”。
We had come to a dead end in our research. 我們的研究工作已陷入絕境。
His father has been dead for two years. 他爸爸去世兩年了。
Some festivals are held to honor the dead. 一些節日是為了紀念死者而舉辦的。
辨析：dead, die, death 與dying
dead 強調的是“死”的狀態，意為“死的；失去生命的”，是形容詞， 作表語或定語。反義詞為alive，意為“活著的”。
die 強調的是“死”的動作，是短暫性動詞，不能和時間段連用。若和時間段連用，要用be dead。
death 名詞，意為“死；死亡”。
dying die 的現在分詞，也可用作形容詞，表示“垂死的；臨死的”，常用作定語或表語。
The dying old man lies in bed, thinking of his dead army comrade who died for the people’s liberation,
and he thinks it’s a worthy death.
這位奄奄一息的老人躺在床上，想起了為人民的解放而犧牲的戰友, 并認為其死得其所。
【新題速遞】1.Although the old tree in the yard is ______ now, I still miss the days when I grew up with it.
A. short B. pretty C. strong D. dead
21.The teacher collected the math homework.
要點28 collect 的用法
用法分析 collect /k 'lekt/ v. 收集 → collection n. 收藏品 → collector n. 收藏家；收藏者
My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的愛好是集郵。
The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China and the beginning of the traditional Chinese poetry.
《詩經》是中國最早的詩集，是中國傳統詩歌的開端。
A famous collector will give us a talk. 一位著名的收藏家將給我們做一次演講。
【新題速遞】1.Linda likes to _____ pens and she has had all kinds of pens so far.
A. collect B. throw C. lose D. give
22.When she ____ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
要點29 forget to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 forget to do sth. 忘記做某事
辨析：forget to do sth. 與forget doing sth.
forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事(事情未做) 。
forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(事情已做) 。
He was so excited that he forgot to introduce himself.
他太激動了以至于忘記介紹自己了。
Mary dances very well. I’ll never forget seeing her dance for the first time.
瑪麗舞跳得很好。我永遠也不會忘記第一次看她跳舞(的情景) 。
拓展：remember 為forget 的反義詞, 它的用法與forget 相同。
remember to do sth. 記得要做某事
remember doing sth. 記得做過某事
【新題速遞】1.To save energy, don’t forget ______ the light before you leave the room.
A. turn off B. turning off C. to turn off
23.Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____ the building.
要點30 get the chance to do sth. 的用法
用法分析 get the chance to do sth. 得到做某事的機會
get (have) a chance to do sth. =get (have) a chance of (doing) sth.得到做某事的機會，其中chance 作名詞，意為“機會”。
含chance 的其他常見短語： lose a chance 失去機會
take a chance 冒險
by chance 偶然地
Li Ming hopes to get a chance to raise the national flag on the playground. 李明希望有機會在操場上升國旗。
If you work hard and believe in yourself, you can have a chance to succeed.
如果你努力工作并且相信自己，你就有機會成功。
24.By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already shown up. 我到達聚會時，其他所有人都已經趕到了。
要點31 show up 的用法
用法分析 show up意為“出現；露面” 是不及物動詞短語，后面不跟賓語，相當于appear。
He didn’t show up at the party last night. 他沒有出席昨晚的宴會。
【拓展延伸】show的其他常見短語：
show off ____炫耀_______ show sb. around __帶某人參觀__
show sb. sth=show sth to sb __向某人展示某物__
【新題速遞】
1.—It’s everyone’s duty to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign.
—Sure. We should try to ______all the food that we’ve ordered.
A.give up B.eat up C.turn up D.show up
2.We were surprised that he didn't ______at his birthday party.
A. put up B. come out C. show around D. show up
25.By the end of the school day, ________
要點32 by the end of 的用法
用法分析 by the end of 在(某時間點) 以前
by the end of 與表示時間的名詞連用, 通常根據by the end of 之后時間的不同, 句子選用相應的時態：
①接表示將來的時間, 句子用一般將來時。
By the end of next month, I will finish reading the book. 到下個月底, 我將讀完這本書。
②接表示現在的時間，句子用現在完成時。
By the end of this week, my sister has learned five English songs. 到這周末，我妹妹已經學了五首英文歌曲。
③接表示過去的時間，句子用過去完成時。
By the end of last year, thousands of trees had been planted in this city.
到去年年底，這個城市有成千上萬棵樹已被種植。
辨析：by the end of, at the end of 與in the end
by the end of “在……之前”, 僅指時間。
at the end of “在……結束時；在……盡頭”, 指時間或地點。 強調一段時間的結束點或某段路程的終止處。
in the end “最后；終于”, 位于句首或句末, 表示事情已結束。
By the end of last year, they had seen six English films. 到去年年底，他們已經看了六部英文電影。
My father always waits for me at the end of the road. 我父親總是在路的盡頭等我。
What decision did she make in the end 最后她做了什么決定？
【新題速遞】
1.—打擾一下，我可以借這本書嗎？ —當然可以，但你必須在這學期末還回來。
—Excuse me, can I borrow this book
—Sure, but you must return it ________ ________ ________ ________ this term.
單元語法講練
語法精講
過去完成時
一、語法概述
過去完成時由“助動詞had（用于各種人稱和數）+過去分詞”構成，表示某動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成，它表示動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”。
二、過去完成時的句式結構
肯定句 主語+had+過去分詞+其他. Most of the guests had left when she arrived at the party.大多數客人在她到達聚會時已經離開了。
否定句 主語+hadn’t+過去分詞+其他. By 9:00 yesterday evening, he hadn’t gotten home. 昨晚直到9點鐘，他還沒到家。
一般疑問句 及其答語 Had+主語+過去分詞+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主語+had. 否定回答：No, 主語+hadn’t. —Had Simon finished his homework before he watched TV 在看電視之前西蒙完成他的作業了嗎？ —Yes, he had.是的，他完成了。 No, he hadn’t. 不，他沒有完成。
【即學即用】按要求完成句子，每空一詞
1.Mike had learned five Chinese songs by the end of the term.(改為否定句)
Mike _____ _____ five Chinese songs by the end of the term.
2.By the time you arrived, they had finished the project.(對畫線部分提問)
______ _______ they done by the time you arrived
3.He had lived in the town for six years before I moved here.(對畫線部分提問)
______ ______ _______ he lived in the town before you moved here
三、過去完成時的用法
1.表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成，常與by、before等構成的表示時間的短語連用。
在表示過去某一動作或狀態的句子中，常出現與完成時態連用的詞，如：already, yet, since, for, ever, never 及表次數的詞，此時句子常用過去完成時。
By the time I went outside, the rain had already stopped. 我走到外面時，雨已經停了。
He threw it into the sea before he realized what he had done. 在他意識到他所做的事情之前，他已經把它扔進了海里。
常用在said、told、knew、heard、realized等后面的賓語從句中。
過去完成時經常用于主句為一般過去時的賓語從句中，表示從句動作先于主句動作發生
He said that he had worked in that factory for ten years. 他說他已經在那家工廠工作了十年。
I suddenly realized that I had left my ID card at home. 我突然意識到我把身份證忘在家里了。
3.在含有when、before等引導的時間狀語從句的復合句中，如果從句的時態為一般過去時，主句常用過去完成時。
The concert had ended when she arrived there. 當她到達那里時，音樂會已經結束了。
She had learned English before she came to America. 她來美國之前學過英文。
4.過去完成時是一個相對的時態，只有和過去的某個時間或動作相比較時才會用到，因此可通過分析語境來確定時態。
I met Jim in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing.
我昨天在街上碰見了吉姆，自從他去北京以后，我們彼此就沒有見過面。
I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已歸還了我借的書。
【即學即用】
1.She________5,000 English words by the time she was 15.
A.had learned　 B.has learned　 C.learned　 D.learns
2.When she________at school,she realized she_________her homework at home.
A.arrived;left　 B.had arrived;had left C.had arrived;left　 D.arrived;had left
3.Since we began to use the Internet, our lives________a lot.
A.change B.had changed C.will change D.have changed
4.Tom found that the train _______ when he ________ at the station.
A. left; had arrived B. left; arrived C. had left; had arrived D. had left; arrived
5.By the time the bell　　 (ring), all the students had been back to the classroom.
6.By the time Linda got up, her father had already　 　 (get) in the shower.
7.By 9 o’clock last night, we　 (get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
四、不用過去完成時的幾種情況
1.句中有yesterday、last year、in 1990、three years ago等明確表示過去的時間狀語時，常用一般過去時，而不用過去完成時。
He said his grandpa died in 1999. 他說他的爺爺是1999年去世的。
Freddie bought a bicycle three days ago. 弗雷迪三天前買了一輛自行車。
2.敘述過去連續發生的兩件及兩件以上的事情時，雖然時間上有先后之別，但仍用一般過去時。
They decided to stay there, so they built their house and got married. 他們決定留在那兒，所以他們建了房子，并結了婚。
3.在包含before、after、when、until、as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句的復合句中，如果主句的動作和從句的動作緊接著發生，那么主、從句均使用一般過去時。
Where did you study before you came here 你來這兒之前在哪兒學習？
He took out his English book as soon as he sat down. 他一坐下就拿出了英語書。
語法小測
一、單項選擇
1.—Did you see Tom at the airport
—No. His plane by the time I there.
A. has taken off; got B. took off; had got C. took off; got D. had taken off; got
2.She said she the story already.
A. has read B. read C. will read D. had read
3.When I got to the train station, the train _______ for ten minutes.
A.had left B.had been away C.has left D.has been away
4. By the time the police got to the super market, the thief _______.
A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.had gone
5.—Did you catch the first subway this morning
—No, I didn't. It had started moving _______ I could get on it.
A.before B.since C.after D.as soon as
6.When she ______ up, she realized that she________.
A. woke up; has overslept B. woke up; had overslept
C. wake up; had overslept D.wake up; has overslept
7.Mr. Black _______his keys in the office, so he had to wait until his wife ________ home.
A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; comes
8.—Why didn’t you go to the movie yesterday
—Because I _____ it before.
A. see B. have seen C. had seen D.saw
9.How long _____ the film ________ when you got to the cinema
A. has; been on B. had; been on C. had; begun D.has; begun
10.—Why didn't you give the wallet to the man at once
—Because he _______before I realized it was his.
A. had been disappeared B. has disappeared C. had disappeared D. has been disappeared
11.By the time I _______up, my brother________ in the shower. I had to wait for him.
A.wake; got B.woke; has gotten C.woke; had gotten D.wake; has gotten
12.They were surprised to find that the flower _______ before they arrived.
A.had come out B.came out C.was coming out D.would come out
13.She had written a number of books _______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
14.They _______ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living
15.The train from Beijing ______ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived
二、用所給詞的適當形式填空
1.Before we arrived at the party, Mr. Brown ____________ (leave) the room.
2.By the time I _______(walk) into the store,someone had bought the jeans I wanted.
3.We _________(paint) the house before we moved in.
4.Tom said he _____________(read) the book twice.
5.My mother _____________(come) back from the market when I ________(get) up.
6.I had turned off all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
7.They _______________(study) the map of the country before they left.
8.By the time I got there yesterday , the meeting ________________(begin).
Section B教材要點精析
1.fool
要點1 fool 的用法
用法分析 fool /fu l/ n. 蠢人; 傻瓜 v. 愚弄
①作名詞，意為“蠢人；傻瓜”。
Are you trying to make a fool of me 你是在捉弄我嗎？
②作動詞，意為“欺騙；愚弄”。fool sb. into doing sth. 哄騙某人做某事。
Don’t be fooled into thinking they’re going to change anything. 別上當受騙，以為他們打算作出任何改變。
拓展：fool 對應的形容詞為foolish，意思為“愚蠢的；傻的”。
It’s foolish of you to give up your friendship. 你放棄你們的友誼是愚蠢的。
The fool does think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool.
愚者自以為聰明，智者則以愚者自居。【諺】
【新題速遞】
1.I felt like a f __ when I realized my mistake.
2.embarrassed
要點2 embarrassed 的用法
用法分析 embarrassed / m'b r st/ adj. 窘迫的；害羞的
embarrassed 常用來表達人的主觀感受，在句中作表語。常與介詞about 或at 連用，表示“因……而感到窘迫”。
Li Ming felt embarrassed at his own behavior. 李銘對自己的行為感到尷尬。
拓展：embarrassed 的相關詞：
embarrass v. 使尷尬→ embarrass sb. 使某人尷尬
embarrassing adj. 令人尷尬的 修飾事或物，在句中作定語或表語。
embarrassment n. 尷尬
Today is an embarrassing day. Everyone smiled at me. That made me embarrassed. Soon I realized that I had worn my jacket inside out. What an embarrassment!
今天是令人尷尬的一天。所有人都沖著我笑。那讓我很尷尬。不久，我意識到自己把夾克衫穿反了。真尷尬啊！
【新題速遞】
1.At that moment everyone stared at me in disbelief. You can’t imagine how _____ I was.
A. relaxed B. bored
C. embarrassed D. outgoing
2.Don’t mention it,OK It’s the most________thing in my life!
A.embarrassed　 B.embarrassing C.happy D.exciting
3.My most 　　 moment was trying to introduce a person whose name I couldn't remember. Every time this kind of thing happens, I feel 　　　 .
A.embarrassing; embarrassing B.embarrassing; embarrassed
C.embarrassed; embarrassed D.embarrassed; embarrassing
4.He felt __________________(embarrass) when he heard the __________________ (embarrass) news.
3.get dressed
要點3 get dressed 的用法
用法分析 get dressed 穿上衣服
get dressed 相當于put on clothes。
It’s 6 a. m. You have to hurry up and get dressed. 現在是早上六點。你得快點穿好衣服。
The man is dressed in a black sports suit today. 這個男人今天穿著黑色的運動套裝。
【新題速遞】
1.I took a quick shower and got ________________ (dress) .
4.stayed up all night
要點4 stay up 的用法 (高頻)
用法分析 stay up 熬夜 stay up 不能用于被動語態。
stay up 為不及物動詞短語, 后不接賓語。stay up late 熬夜到很晚。
To finish the order, all the stuff stayed up late. 為了完成訂單，全體人員熬夜到很晚。
拓展：stay up doing sth. “熬夜做某事”。
My mother often stays up working. 我媽媽經常熬夜工作。
stay 的相關短語有：
① stay at home 待在家里
② stay out 待在外面
③ stay away from 遠離
④ stay calm 保持冷靜
⑤ stay with...同……待在一起
⑥ stay behind 留下來
【新題速遞】
1.盡管你對這部電視劇感興趣，但是你最好不要熬夜看。
Although you are interested in this TV drama，you’d better not _____________ ______________ late to watch it.
4.the other kids showed up
要點4 the other 的用法
用法分析 the other 其余的
① the other + 復數名詞，意為“其余的……”。特指某范圍內剩余的全部。
The other students are working as volunteers at the old people’s home. 其他學生正在養老院做志愿者。
② the other + 單數名詞，(兩者中的) 另一個，表示特指。
We came to the other side of the road. 我們來到路對面。
拓展：other 還可作代詞，常用于one... the other... 結構，表示兩者中的“一個……另一個……”。
He has two computers. One is used for studying, and the other is used for working.
他有兩臺電腦。一臺用于學習，另一臺用于工作。
other 的其他常見搭配：
on the other hand 另一方面
in other words 換句話說
辨析：the other, another, other, others 與the others
the other 特指“兩者中的另一個”, 常與one搭配構成one... the other... 一個……另一個……。
another 泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一個”, 后接單數名詞。
other 泛指“別的; 其他的”, 后常接復數名詞或不可數名詞。
others 泛指“其他的人或物”, 后不接名詞。結構：some... others... 一些……另一些……。
the others 特指“某一范圍內的另外的人或物”。結構：some... the others... 一些……其余的……
【新題速遞】
1.—I can’t find my shoes. Where are they, Mom
—Oh, one is under the bed, and _______ is behind the door.
A. the other B. others C. another
5.April Fool’s Day is a celebration （that takes place in different countries around the world.）
句子分析 先行詞 ↓ 從句謂語 狀語
引導定語從句，在定語從句中作主語，代指先行詞a celebration
(1) that 引導的定語從句
Do you know the girl that comes from China 你認識那個來自中國的女孩嗎？
that指人，作定語從句的主語
I lost the pen that my mother bought for me on my birthday. 我丟了生日那天我媽媽給我買的鋼筆。
that 指物，作定語從句的賓語
that 引導定語從句時常常在定語從句中作主語或賓語，that 指人或物。
拓展：that 也可以引導賓語從句，但that 在賓語從句中不作任何句子成分，僅起連接作用，無意義。
Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference. 記住每個人都可以做一些事情來產生影響。
【新題速遞】
1.— I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me neither. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A. when B. who C. that
要點5 take place 的用法
用法分析 take place 舉行 take place 的主語不能是人，其后不接賓語，不能用于被動語態。
The Olympic Games take place every four years. 奧林匹克運動會每四年舉辦一次。
拓展：take place 還可意為“發生”，與happen 的區別如下：
take place 表示事先安排或有準備的事情或活動的發生，無被動語態。
happen 往往表示偶然的、沒預料的事情的發生，無被動語態。
Great changes have taken place there and my hometown has become more and more beautiful.
那里發生了巨大的變化并且我的家鄉變得越來越漂亮了。
The traffic accident happened at 4:00 on Monday afternoon.
這起交通事故發生在周一下午四點。
【新題速遞】1.越野比賽通常在各種天氣條件下進行，無論炎熱還是寒冷。
Cross-country races usually __________ __________ in all weather conditions, hot or cold.
6.One April Fool’s Day, a reporter in England announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti.
要點6 announce 的用法
用法分析 announce / 'na ns/ v. 宣布；宣告
announce 后面接名詞或賓語從句，側重“宣布”人們所關心或感興趣的事情，尤指新聞類的消息。
They have announced the date of their wedding in the newspaper. 他們已在報紙上宣布了他們結婚的日期。
The radio announcer said it was nine o’clock. 電臺播音員報時九點整。
The president will make an important announcement. 總統將要發表一項重要公告。
announce 的詞形變化：
announcer n. 播音員，節目主持人
announcement n. 通告，公告，布告
【新題速遞】1.—Which team will enter the final of the basketball competition
—No one can know the result until it ______________________ (宣告) tomorrow morning.
6....all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.
要點6 sell out 的用法
用法分析 sell out 賣光, 售完
“動詞+out”短語： put out 撲滅
leave out 遺漏 blow out 被(風等) 吹滅
give out 分發 bring out 使顯現
find out 查明；弄清楚 work out 計算出；解決
是“動詞+ 副詞”結構短語，后接人稱代詞作賓語時，人稱代詞應放在sell 與out 之間；
后接名詞作賓語時，名詞既可位于兩者之間，又可以位于out 之后。
These books are very popular. We’ve sold them out. 這些書很受歡迎，我們已經把它們賣完了。
The tickets to the concert were sold out within hours. 演唱會的門票在幾小時之內被賣光了。
【新題速遞】1.今天上午，這家商店的所有面包都被賣光了。
All the bread in this store ______________________ this morning.
7.In another famous trick a TV show in England reported the discovery of special water.
要點7 discovery 的用法
用法分析 discovery /d 'sk v ri/ n. 發現；發覺
discovery 既可作可數名詞也可作不可數名詞。其后常接of 短語或that引導的同位語從句。
discovery的常用短語有：
① the discovery of... ……的發現
② make a discovery 有發現
The first Nobel Prize was presented to a German scientist for the discovery of rays.
第一個諾貝爾獎被授予了一位德國科學家，因為射線的發現。
Our teacher told us an exciting discovery that there are many kinds of animals in the deep sea.
我們老師告訴我們一個令人興奮的發現：深海里有許多種類的動物。
拓展：discovery 的詞形變化：
discover v. 發現
discoverer n. 發現者
Everyone wanted to meet the discoverer who discovered the new island. 每一個人都想見一下那個新島嶼的發現者。
辨析：discover 與invent
discover 指第一次發現，原本存在，只是過去不被人知道。
invent 意為“發明”，指創造或發明出原來不存在的新事物。
【新題速遞】1.The d ________________ of ancient objects while digging can tell us a lot about the history.
8.He asked her to marry him.
要點8 marry 的用法
用法分析 marry /'m ri/ v. 嫁；結婚；把……嫁給
When did Rick ask you to marry him 里克什么時候向你求婚的？
The mother married her daughter to a gentleman. 這位母親把女兒嫁給了一位紳士。
marry 的常見用法：
① marry sb. 嫁給某人，與某人結婚
② marry A to B 把A 嫁給B
特別提醒：marry 和get married 為短暫性動詞(短語) ，當表示“結婚一段時間”時要用be married。
拓展：get married 結婚 get/be married to sb. 與某人結婚
Tony and Jane got married many years ago. = Tony married Jane many years ago.
= Jane got married to Tony many years ago. 很多年前托尼和簡就結婚了。
How long have the couple been married 那對夫婦結婚多長時間了？
Jane has been married to Tony for many years. 簡和托尼結婚很多年了。
【新題速遞】1.Cathy’s parents got married twenty-five years ago. (改為同義句)
Cathy’s parents __________________ married for twenty-five years.
9.The TV star lost his girlfriend and his show was canceled.
要點9 cancel 的用法
用法分析 cancel /'k nsl/ v. 取消；終止
cancel 為及物動詞, 主語多是人, 后接名詞或代詞作賓語, 也可用于被動結構。
The customer called to cancel the order. 這位顧客打電話來取消訂單。
Hard work will cancel out all your shortcomings. 努力學習將會抵消你所有的短板。
Our sports meeting will be canceled if the rain doesn’t stop. 如果雨不停，我們的運動會將被取消。
cancel 的常用短語：① cancel the order 取消訂單
② cancel out 抵消
③ the cancel button of the keyboard 鍵盤的取消按鈕
【新題速遞】1.My brother’s flight was _______________________ (取消) because of the bad weather.
10.In that month in 1938, actor Orson Welles announced on his radio program that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth.
要點10 land 的用法
用法分析 land /l nd/ v. 著陸；降落
land 在此處用作不及物動詞，意為“著陸；降落”，反義詞組為take off，意為“起飛”。
Be careful! The plane is going to land on the airport. 小心點! 飛機馬上要降落于飛機場了。
拓展：
(1) land 還可作及物動詞，意為“使著陸，使降落”。
The pilot landed the plane safely. 飛行員使飛機安全著陸。
(2) land 還可作不可數名詞，意為“陸地；大地”。
The elephant is the biggest animal on land. 大象是陸地上最大的動物。
Are you going by land or by sea 你是從陸地上走還是從海上走？
Generally speaking, a plane can only land on land, not on the sea. 一般來說，飛機只能降落在陸地上，不能在海上。
land 作名詞的常用搭配：by land 陸路
on land 陸地上
【新題速遞】1.To our great joy, the astronauts of the Shenzhou-17 crew (乘組) l__________ safely back to the earth as planned in April, 2024.
11.Welles made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story, and fear spread across the whole country.
要點11 hundreds of 的用法
用法分析 hundreds of 數百的，成百上千的
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. Hundreds of visitors come here on weekends.
我們的家鄉變得越來越美麗。周末有成百上千的游客來這里。
類似的短語還有: thousands of 數以千計的
millions of 數以百萬計的
billions of 數以十億計的
拓展：hundred(百) ，thousand(千) ，million(百萬) ，billion(十億) 等數詞的用法：
基數詞+hundred/ thousand/million/... hundred/thousand等用單數形式，且不可與of連用 這兩種情況后都跟可數名詞的復數形式，作主語時，其后的謂語動詞均用復數形式
hundreds/thousands/ millions/...of 前面不可加具體的數詞，hundred/thousand等要用復數形式，且of不可省略
(1) 當前面有具體數字修飾，表示確切數目時，其后不加-s，也不和of連用。
five hundred 五百 three thousand 三千
(2) 若表示一個不確切的數目，即模糊數目，前面沒有具體數字，其后要加-s，而且須與of 連用。
hundreds of students 數百名學生
速記小法: hundred，thousand，million，billion 的用法：
-s，of 不分家，遇到數字全拿下。
模糊數字兩有(有-s，有of) ，
具體數字兩無(無-s，無of) 。
【新題速遞】1.Two ______ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ______ it.
A．hundreds; to buy B．hundreds; buy C．hundred; to buy
12.Why did the supermarkets run out of spaghetti one April Fool’s Day
要點12 run out of 的用法
用法分析 run out of 用完；耗盡
辨析：run out of 與 run out
run out of 用完； 耗盡 是及物動詞短語，其主語通常是人，其后可直接跟賓語。
run out 用完； 耗盡 是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常是time、money 等無生命的事物。其后不接賓語。
I’ve run out of all my paper. Can you lend some to me 我所有的紙都用完了。你能借我一些嗎？
Time is running out. 時間不多了。
Don’t run out of hope, for it is the last thing you should ever lose.不要失去希望，因為它是你最不應該失去的東西。
13.Which of these stories is the most believable
要點13 believable 的用法
用法分析 believable /b 'li v bl/ adj. 可相信的；可信任的
believable 由believe(v. 相信) 去e + -able(形容詞后綴) 構成。其比較級為more believable，最高級為most believable。
This book is full of believable and interesting characters. 這本書里充滿了可信且有趣的角色。
構詞法記單詞: -able 是形容詞后綴，表示“可……的；能……的；具有……性質的”。
類似的形容詞有：comfortable 使人舒服的
reasonable 有理由的
valuable 寶貴的
格言諺語記單詞: Truths are always believable.真理總是可信的。
拓展：believable 的相關詞：believe v. 相信
belief n. 信心；信念
unbelievable adj. 難以相信的；難以置信的
You can believe in the young man. He is believable. 你可以相信這個年輕人。他是可信的。
It’s unbelievable that he did it by himself. 他自己做了那件事，真是令人難以置信。
【新題速遞】1.I don’t think some online dictionaries are b________ . There are many incorrect usages that can make us confused.
14.By the time people ________ (find out) the story was not true, all the spaghetti in the supermarkets ________ (disappear) .
要點14 disappear 的用法
用法分析 disappear /d s 'p / v. 消失；不見
disappear 為不及物動詞，一般指具體、有形的事物突然或逐漸不見，強調“看不見了”“不存在了” 的結果。
disappear的相關詞：disappearance n. 消失
appear v. 出現
appearance n. 出現
The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 太陽消失在云后。
The mystery of her disappearance was never solved. 她的失蹤之謎一直沒有解開。
When the night falls, the stars appear. 夜幕降臨時，星星出現了。
【新題速遞】1.Although more people are trying e-books, I believe paper books will not ______.
A. disappear B. increase
C. develop D. spread
15.As I was heading ______, I saw a huge truck in the middle of the road.
要點15 in the middle of... 的用法
用法分析 in the middle of... 在……中間 既指時間也指地點
We have lunch at school in the middle of the day.我們中午在學校吃午飯。
Do you know the man who is standing in the middle of the hall 你認識那位站在大廳中間的男士嗎？
辨析：middle 與center
middle 指“空間、時間或過程的兩端間等距離的部分”；也指“中等程度”。
center 只用于空間, 可指圓和球體的中心；也可用于比喻意義, 指某個場合或學術、工農、政治、經濟中心。
與middle 相關的其他短語： the Middle Ages 中世紀
middle school students 中學生
middle age 中年
The table is in the middle of the living room. 桌子在客廳的中間。
Beijing is the political, economic and cultural center of China. 北京是中國的政治、經濟和文化中心。
【新題速遞】1.A policeman is standing ________________________ (在……中間) the road directing the traffic.
16.However, I ______ the road that led to the mall.
要點16 lead 的用法
用法分析 lead /li d/ v. 通向；引路；導致 (lead-led-led)
lead 的一詞多義：①通向
②引領；帶路 → lead one’s way 帶路；領路
③導致
④領導；指揮
⑤過（某種生活）→ lead a/an... life 過一種……的生活
Please tell me what place the road leads to. 請告訴我這條路通向什么地方。
The guide led us through the forest. 導游帶領我們穿過森林。
Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 食用過多的糖會引起健康問題。
Who is going to lead our band 誰來指揮我們的樂隊？
Now all the old people lead a happy life. 現在所有的老人們都過著愉快的生活。
【新題速遞】1.Electrical appliances（電器）can ___________（導致） a fire, so check them often to make sure they are working properly.
17.Why didn’t you hand in your science homework
要點17 hand in 的用法
用法分析 hand in 上交 動副結構短語
You must hand in all the materials before next Friday. 你必須在下周五之前上交所有材料。
When picking up someone else’s lost things, we are supposed to hand them in.
撿到別人丟失的物品時，我們應該把它們上交。
Could you help me hand out the papers 你能幫助我分發試卷嗎？
與hand 相關的其他短語：①hand out 分發
②hand over 移交
③by hand 手工
④give... a hand 幫助 ……
【新題速遞】1.—Eric, I found a watch on the playground.
— You’d better go to the Lost and Found Office and _____.
A. hand it in B. turn it down C. look it up

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