資源簡介

(共27張PPT)
These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
如果任其發展，在他們長大成人后，這些不良習慣可能會導致更為嚴重的有害習慣。
狀語從句的省略
1) 可以省略成分的狀語從句：時間、條件、讓步、方式。
2) 狀語從句省略成分的條件：從句主語與主句主語一致，或從句主語是it; 從句謂語含有be，包括系動詞be、進行時態的be或被動語態的be。
條件狀語從句的省略，if后面省略了they are
3) 常見的連詞：when, while, once, before, whenever, if,
unless, though, although, as, as if。
4) 狀語從句省略成分后常見的類型：連詞+現在分詞/過
去分詞/ 介詞短語/ 形容詞。
e.g. If involved in the case, you will be punished.
If neccessay, you can choose me to make the presentation.
If possible, I wish to go there next summer.
He would never do this unless compelled.
which引導的非限制性定語從句
2. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
例如, 一些青少年可能會吸煙成癮或酗酒, 造成身心健康問題。
abuse n. 1) the use of something in a way that it should not be
used 濫用
2) cruel or violent treatment of someone 虐待
3) rude or offensive things that someone says when
they are angry 辱罵，謾罵
abuse vt. 1) to deliberately use something for the wrong purpose
or for your own advantage 濫用
2) to treat someone in a cruel and violent way 虐待
3) to say rude or offensive things to someone 辱罵
e.g. We are determined to fight drug abuse in schools.
The girl suffered years of physical abuse.
Tony was left shouting abuse as the car sped off.
e.g. Morris abused the trust the firm had shown in him.
The poor had been abused and treated as slaves.
The crowd started abusing him after he failed to save a goal.
【拓展】ab- (前綴)，表示“脫離、分離”、“非，反”
【語境應用】寫出下面句子中畫線單詞的詞性和中文釋義。
1) Rose said she had been a victim of child abuse.
________ ________
2) He showed how the rich and powerful can abuse their
position. ________ ________
3) What she did was an abuse of her position as manager.
________ ________
4) Unfortunately, when the police found the children, they had
been abused physically and emotionally. ________ ________
n. 虐待
v. 濫用
n. 濫用,妄用
v. 虐待,傷害
3. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential.
防止此類有害習慣主宰青少年的生活是至關重要的。
此句為“主系表”結構的簡單句，不定式短語作主語。
There are three sentences in the passage which contains the same structure: infinitive phrase is used as the subject. Look for them.
▲ However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.
▲ To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
▲ After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
dominate vi. & vt. to control someone or something or to have more importance than other people or things
支配，控制，占有優勢
e.g. The industry is dominated by five multinational companies.
Her loud voice totally dominated the conversation.
The book is expected to dominate the best-seller lists.
【拓展】
domination n. 控制；支配；統治
dominant adj. 首要的；占支配地位的；占優勢的
e.g. She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.
4. The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.
that引導表語從句
if引導條件狀語從句
how引導賓語從句
【句意】
好消息是，如果我們了解習慣是怎么運作的，我們就可以 作出改變。
5. Secondly, there is a “routine”, the regular action you take in response to the cue.
第二是“慣常行為”，即你響應觸發因素而采取的常規行動。
in response to: sth. that is said or written or done as a reply or
reaction to sth. 回答；答復；反應；響應
e.g. In response to your demand, we regret to inform you that
we cannot help you in this matter.
【拓展】
make (no) response to 對……（不）作出響應/答復
e.g. They have made generous response to the appeals for funds.
He made no response to my question.
【鏈接】
respond vi. 做出反應，回答，響應，后常用介詞to, with和by
e.g. I offered Sam a drive, but he didn’t respond to my offer.
When we greeted Mrs. Smith this morning, she responded with a smile.
The customer complained about the food, the shopkeeper responded by offering him a free meal.
【語境應用】用適當的介詞填空。
1) In response ______ these customers’ complaints, the company responded ______ those angry customers with an open letter.
2) On hearing the news that his favourite team lost the game, the man responded _____ knocking hard against the wall.
3) After Martha received my message, she responded ______ a phone call in order to discuss the problem as soon as possible.
to
to
by
with
6. Thirdly, there is the “reward”, the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
第三是“回報”，即我們從慣常行為中獲得的美好事物或感受。
reward n. something that you get because you have done
something good or helpful or have worked hard
回報；獎勵；報酬
give/ offer a reward to sb. for sth. 為某事而給某人獎勵
in reward for 作為（對）……的獎賞、回報
e.g. Parents like to give rewards to their children for passing exam.
He received a medal in reward for his findings.
reward vt. to give something to someone because they have
done something good or helpful or have worked for it 獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬
reward sb. with sth. 獎賞某人某物
e.g. The club’s directors rewarded him with a free season ticket.
reward sb. for (doing) sth. 為（做）某事獎賞某人
e.g. He gave the children some chocolate to reward them for behaving well.
【語境應用】將下列句子翻譯成英語。
1) 你就這樣報答我對你的幫助嗎
2) 她開始給孩子唱歌，孩子則報以微笑。
3) 他跑得最快，因而獲得了金牌。
Is this how you reward me for helping / my help
She started singing to the kid and was rewarded with a smile.
He was rewarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.
7. The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
這一回報使我們更有可能繼續這一循環，從而形成了依賴不健康零食這一不良習慣。
rely on: to depend on; to trust 依賴；依靠；信賴
rely on sb./ sth. to do sth. 依靠或信賴某人/ 某物做某事
rely on it that… 相信……, 指望……
(rely on后面跟從句時，先接it再接that。)
e.g. We can rely on all the students to help the depressed ones.
You may rely on it that she can achieve the ambition.
【語境應用】翻譯句子。
1) 許多職業母親依靠親戚來幫她們照看孩子。
Many working mothers rely on relatives to help take care of their children.
2) 我們應該相信一切都會順利的。
We should rely on it that everything will go well.
3) 如今，我們非常依賴電腦去處理工作。
Nowadays, we rely heavily on computers to deal with our work.
8. To facilitate a positive change in our had habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.
為了促進我們不良習慣的積極改變，我們必須首先審視我們的不良習慣，然后嘗試去改變它們。
facilitate vt. to make it easier for a process or activity to
happen 促進; 使便利
e.g. Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.
【拓展】
facilitation n. 容易化，簡便化
facilitator n. 誘導者；促進(或推動)……的事物
examine vt. 1) to look at something carefully and thoroughly
because you want to find out more about it 檢查，
審查
2) to look at your body to check that you are healthy
檢查(身體)
3) to ask someone questions to test their knowledge of a
subject 考核，測驗
常用結構：examine sb. in / on sth.
e.g. He examined her passport and stamped it.
Another doctor examined her and could still find nothing wrong.
You will be examined on Chinese history.
inspect, examine, check
詞條 區別 例句
inspect 強調上級對下級的觀察、檢查 The mayor will inspect our school next week.
examine 觀察、查看以了解情況；還可指檢查身體、測驗，測試 You'll be examined in three main areas; speaking, listening and reading comprehension.
check 強調核實對錯 Check your homework before handing it in.
【語境應用】選擇合適的詞并用其正確形式填空。
check, examine, inspect
The boss walked around, ___________ his employees’ work.
The doctor ___________ his patient carefully just now.
He must ___________ his writing more carefully. It’s full of mistakes.
inspecting
examined
check
9. For example, when we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.
【句意】當我們走到電梯前的時候(觸發因素)，我們的慣常行為是乘坐電梯，但是我們可以改為走樓梯，從而將上述慣常行為改變為一個更積極的事情。
but連接的并列句
when引導時間狀語從句的復合句
不定式短語to ride it作表語
by短語作方式狀語
10. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up.
我們中很多人試圖迅速改變不良習慣，一旦沒有立刻成功，我們往往變得悲觀，繼而放棄。
straight away: immediately or without delay 立即；馬上
e.g. I’ll do it straight away.
【鏈接】straight adj. 直的 adv. 直，直接 n. 直道
be straight with sb. 對某人坦誠
come/ get straight to the point 開門見山
go straight home 直接回家
【語境應用】翻譯句子。
1) 我要直截了當地說——你的工作做得不夠好。
I’ll come straight to the point — your work isn’t good enough.
2) 下了課我直接回家。
I’m going straight home after the class.
3) 我得馬上去看醫生。
I should go and see a doctor straight away.
4) 我希望我的密友能對我坦誠。
I hope my close friends can be straight with me.
abuse, dominate, facilitate
Match the word with the correct definition.
to make it easier for a process or activity to happen
the use of sth. in a way that it should not be used
to have control over a place or a person, or to be the most important person or thing
facilitate
abuse
dominate
discipline, examine, negative, pill
to look at sth carefully and thoroughly because you want to find out more about it
a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole
considering only the bad qualities of a situation, person etc and not the good ones
the ability to control your own behaviour, so that you do what you are expected to do
examine
pill
negative
discipline(共35張PPT)
Unit 2
UNIT 2
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
The greatest wealth is health.
健康是最重要的財富。
——Virgil (an ancient Roman poet)
What do you think Virgil wants to emphasise by comparing health to the greatest wealth Do you agree with him Why
What are they doing How do you think the people feel in the photos
The photos show young people doing
several different activities. Some are
playing music, some are exercising in
a gym, and some are having a barbecue.
I think these people feel happy and
healthy, as they look active and cheerful.
Do you think they are all leading a healthy lifestyle Why or why not
I think they are leading a healthy lifestyle because they are not
by themselves and are outside and doing exercise as well as
creative activities.
What can you learn from these photos about healthy living activities
The photos may suggest that a healthy lifestyle is connected to being physically active, having hobbies and interests and socializing with friends in person rather than through technology.
What are some living habits for a healthy life What are some of your good/bad habits
Healthy lifestyle
Mental health
Physical health
Ask for help if necessary
Talk to somebody
Eat nutritious food
Do exercise regularly
…
…
To talk about how to correct bad habits
To read the article to understand why habits are formed and how to use the Habit Cycle to stay away from changing bad habits and developing healthy habits
To capture the main idea of the passage
1. Are bad habits easy to change Why or why not
Bad habits are hard to change because we are usually doing
something we really like, but we are doing it too much.
2. Have you ever tried to correct one bad habit How What
was the result
Before you read, discuss these questions in groups.
3. What habits do you think are unhealthy
Unhealthy habits include smoking, eating too much, playing too much on your computer or phone, and not doing enough exercise.
4. What can you do to correct these bad habits
I think people can correct these bad habits by thinking about them more and deciding they will feel better and happier if they stop them.
do more exercise
have a healthy diet
eat less junk food
cut back on social media
First, read the tips about how to find the main idea of a paragraph.
The main idea is sometimes stated in either the opening or closing sentence. If not, look for another “standout” sentence, or summarise the paragraph in your mind by asking yourself, “What is it mainly about ”
□A How to change a bad habit and create good ones
□B The cycle of how habits are formed
□C Habits that can help us study better
□D Changing habits gradually
□E No easy way to change bad habits
□F What a habit is
□G Why bad teenage habits should be changed
Read the text and find out what main ideas are included in it. Tick the correct ones.
Finish the mind map of the text according to the main ideas in Activity 2.
A How to change a bad habit and create good ones
B The cycle of how habits are formed
D Changing habits gradually
E No easy way to change bad habits
F What a habit is
G Why bad teenage habits should be changed
G
A
F
B
D
E
Finish the text structure.
The text can be divided into 3 parts.
Para. _______ Why bad teenage habits should be changed
Paras. _______ What a habit is and how to change bad habits
Para. _______ No easy way to change bad habits
1
2 to 5
6
Read the text again and answer the questions.
1 How can a choice lead to a habit
2 What are the three stages of the habit cycle
The three stages of the habit cycle are the cue, routine, and reward.
A choice can lead to a habit if we make the same choice over and over again.
The habit cycle Bad habit New habit
Cue
Routine
Reward
3 What should we do to change a bad habit Give an example by filling in the following table.
feel unhappy
To change a bad habit, we should examine our habit cycles and then try to adapt them.
feel happier but it’s not healthy
eat lots of unhealthy snacks
feel unhappy
listen to some of our favourite music
feel relaxed
4 How can a person use discipline to help change a bad habit
5 Will you use the habit cycle to break your bad habits Why or why not
A person can use discipline to change a bad habit by taking many small steps to reach the goal of change.
I will use the habit cycle to break a bad habit of using my phone too much because I want to spend more time reading books and playing sports.
6 Which ones are used in the text to illustrate the topic
A. Example.
B. Chart.
C. Quote.
D. Explanation.
E. Metaphor.
7 Find examples in the text to support your choice.
本文是一篇問題解決型說明性文本。作者按照“提出問題—分析問題—解決問題—總結”的脈絡，介紹改變不良生活習慣、養成良好生活習慣的原理和方法。
Para. 1 Why bad teenage habits should be changed
Para. 2 What a habit is
Para. 3 The cycle of how habits are formed
Para. 4 How to change a bad habit and create good ones
Para. 5 Changing habits gradually
Para. 6 No easy way to change bad habits
—提出問題
—分析問題
—解決問題
—總結
“問題—解決”模式常用的標記性詞語包括：problem, concern, challenge, difficulty, trouble, lead to, solution, change, measure, approach, action, method, answer, response, result, develop, find, overcome, prevent, facilitate, deal with, come up with, effective, successful, practical等。
1. Why did the writer write this text
To explain a teenage problem and suggest possible solutions.
2. Who’s the intended reader How can you tell
The intended readers are young people, especially teenagers. The first paragraph mainly discusses why it is easy for teenagers to form bad habits. The last paragraph starts with “For young people…” and “you” is used to address the reader.
1. Why does the writer quote the famous saying based on Aristotle’s philosophy
“We are what we repeatedly to.”
2. What important tips have you learnt for changing a habit
1. Think of one bad habit and write down the cue, routine, and reward. Then come up with an idea of how to break the bad habit.
Complete the tasks.
The habit cycle Bad habit New habit
Cue finished lunch finish lunch
Routine went back to the office and went to bed immediately go to the playground and walk for 10 minutes
Reward felt relaxed but worried about its bad effect on health feel relaxed and healthier
2. Do you know any alternative ways to better habits Discuss with your partner which way you think is most effective.
Alternative ways to better habits:
Tell someone else what you want to change. Peer pressure from someone else will help.
Fine yourself. Every time you do the bad habit, put a small amount of money in a box.
Alternative ways to better habits:
Make it harder to do the habit. For example, hide your favourite apps on your phone so it is more of a hassle to get to them.
Change your environment. If the habit happens in certain places or with certain people, avoid them!
Read the note and try to give a reply.
My friends call me a night owl. I often stay up late and go to bed after 2 a.m. When I am actually in bed, I still can’t help playing with my cellphone for one hour or more. In other words, I fall asleep later than 3 a.m. I feel dizzy from time to time. I find it hard to work efficiently at daytime. Sleeping late even makes my skin look bad. I know it is an unhealthy habit but I don’t know what to do.
Laziness makes you ill, labor makes you healthy.
懶散使人生病，勞動使人健壯。
Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
早早起床早早睡，聰明健康又富貴。
English Proverbs
We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.
每天反復做的事情造就了我們，然后你會發現，優秀不是一種行為，而是一種習慣。
in response to
rely on
straight away
decide on
We are what we repeatedly do.
A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
回答；答復
依賴；依靠；信賴
立即；馬上
決定；選定
我們反復做的事情造就了我們。
千里之行，始于足下。
1. Write a summary of the text.
2. What bad habits do you think affect young people the most How do they affect young people

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