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《名詞性從句之表語從句的使用》 高三三輪沖刺復(fù)習(xí)
（考點精講·易錯突破·真題實戰(zhàn)）
一、表語從句的定義與位置
表語從句（Predicative Clause）屬于名詞性從句的一種，在句中充當(dāng)表語，位于系動詞（如be, seem, appear, remain等）之后，對主語進行補充說明。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：
主語 + 系動詞 + 連接詞 + 表語從句
例句：
The problem is that we lack enough time.
What surprised me was how he solved the problem quickly.
二、表語從句的三大連接詞
1. 連接詞 that
功能：僅起連接作用，無實際意義，且不可省略。
例句：
The truth is that he didn’t tell a lie.
My suggestion is that we should start early.
2. 連接詞 whether
功能：表示“是否”，不可用 if 替換（表語從句中只用 whether）。
例句：
The question is whether they can finish the task on time.
His doubt is whether the plan will work.
3. 疑問詞（what, when, where, why, how, who, whom, whose）
功能：在從句中充當(dāng)成分（主語、賓語、狀語等），有實際含義。
例句：
That is why I refused the offer. （why 作原因狀語）
The key point is what we should do next. （what 作賓語）
三、表語從句的特殊用法與注意事項
1. 虛擬語氣在表語從句中的使用
當(dāng)主語為表示“建議、要求、命令”的名詞（如 suggestion, advice, order）時，表語從句需用 “(should) + 動詞原形” 的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。
例句：
My advice is that you (should) apologize to her.
The order was that all soldiers (should) stay alert.
2. 表語從句中的 “as if/as though”
表示“好像”時，可用 as if/as though 引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中根據(jù)語境選擇陳述語氣或虛擬語氣。
例句：
It looks as if it is going to rain. （陳述語氣，可能真實）
He talked as though he had known everything. （虛擬語氣，與事實相反）
3. 表語從句與 “because” 的靈活使用
在強調(diào)句型或口語中，可用 because 引導(dǎo)表語從句，但需注意邏輯合理性。
例句：
The reason he was late is because his car broke down. （口語化表達(dá)）
對比正式表達(dá)：The reason he was late is that his car broke down.
四、表語從句的易錯點與解題技巧
易錯點1：混淆 that 與 what
錯誤：The difficulty is that we need to solve.
修正：The difficulty is what we need to solve. （what 在從句中作賓語，that 無實際意義且不充當(dāng)成分）
易錯點2：誤用 if 替代 whether
錯誤：The question is if he will come.
修正：The question is whether he will come.
易錯點3：忽略虛擬語氣
錯誤：His suggestion is that we will reduce costs.
修正：His suggestion is that we (should) reduce costs.
五、高考真題實戰(zhàn)演練
例題1（2023年新高考I卷）：
The reason why he failed the exam was ______ he spent too much time playing games.
A. because B. that C. why D. what
答案：B
解析：表語從句中正式表達(dá)用 “that”，避免重復(fù) “reason...because” 的邏輯錯誤。
例題2（2022年全國甲卷）：
What the teacher emphasized was ______ we should review the key points.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
答案：C
解析：表語從句中需用 that 引導(dǎo)，強調(diào)內(nèi)容。
六、鞏固練習(xí)與總結(jié)
練習(xí)1：用表語從句合并句子
The problem is this. How can we protect the environment
→ The problem is how we can protect the environment.
練習(xí)2：改錯
His idea is if we can find a cheaper solution.
→whether
總結(jié)口訣：
表語從句跟系動，連接詞要記心中；
that 無義 whether 疑，疑問詞在句中用；
虛擬語氣別遺漏，易錯點要練貫通！

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