資源簡介

第八組　人與自然——自然生態
組合練(二十二)　閱讀提速練
Ⅰ.四選一閱讀(每小題2.5分，共37.5分)
A
(2024·河南開封一模)
Volunteer Wildlife Transporters Needed!
What is a wildlife transporter
Wildlife transporters help get rescued sick，injured and orphaned wildlife from a rescuer，carer or vet clinic to a wildlife hospital or a wildlife carer.
All wildlife will be securely contained for safe transport，so no handling experience is required.
What equipment do I need
A reliable vehicle with air-conditioning and sufficient room to place transport carriers.A standard SUV is sufficient.
Basic rescue supplies
—Cardboard boxes of various sizes
—Plastic rescue baskets
—Pet carriers
Other supplies
—Second-hand towels，pillowcases or other soft cloth for lining and covering transport carriers
—Notebook and pen/pencil for marking boxes and completing paperwork
—Packing/sticky tape to secure cardboard boxes and to attach paperwork to the animal’s carrier
Specialised transport carriers
Some wildlife(such as koalas，snakes) will already be contained in a more specialised transport carrier by the rescuer and the animal will remain in that carrier for transport.You do NOT need to have these specialised carriers.
How do I get started
Become a Wildcare member—join online at https：//wildcare.org.au/help-us/join/.
Register for and attend a Rescue and First Aid for Wildlife workshop—all training workshops are free for members.
Get your basic supplies ready as listed above.
Complete the online Rescue/Transport List Application Form.
Join the Wildcare members-only Facebook groups—Wildcare Wildlife Transport Facebook group/Wildcare Community Facebook group.
Then what
Keep us up to date with your contact details so we can get in touch quickly and easily.
Keep an eye out for posts from wildlife rescuers and carers asking for assistance with transporting.
Keep your mobile handy so you don’t miss calls for help.
1．What equipment does a volunteer wildlife transporter need to have
A．Metal rescue baskets.
B．An air-conditioned car.
C．Some specialized carriers.
D．New towels or pillowcases.
2．What is a volunteer wildlife transporter expected to do
A．Pay for the training workshops.
B．Ask for assistance when necessary.
C．Update their contact information in time.
D．Complete the application form with a pen.
3．What type of writing is the text
A．A review. B．A report.
C．A paper. D．An advertisement.
B
(2024·山東聯考)
At ancient sites across the Amazon River basin，mysterious plots of unusually rich soil dot(點綴) the landscape.Scientists have long debated the origin of this “dark earth”，which is darker in color than surrounding soils and richer in carbon.Some people think this dark earth formed naturally，but the latest research has shown that modern Kuikuro people in Brazil create similar soil around their villages on purpose，which adds evidence to the idea that long-ago Amazons deliberately made such soil too.
Perron，an earth scientist at MIT，reviewed interviews of Kuikuro people conducted by a Kuikuro filmmaker in 2018 and found that Kuikuro villagers actively make dark earth by using ash，food bits and controlled burns.“When you plant in hilly land，the soil is weak，” explained elder Kanu Kuikuro in one of the interviews.“That is why we throw the ash，manioc peelings and manioc pulp.”When comparing soil samples from ancient and modern sites，researchers found “striking similarities”—both were far less acidic than surrounding soils and contained higher levels of plant-friendly nutrients.
Analyses also revealed that dark earth holds twice the amount of carbon as surrounding soils on average.Scans(掃描) of the Xingu region suggest that the area is dotted with dark earth，and that as much as about 9 million tons of carbon—the annual carbon emissions of a small，industrialized country—may have disappeared in the area.“This number could roughly equal the annual carbon emissions of the United States when all dark earth across the Amazon is taken into consideration，” Perron says.
Figuring out the true value of carbon stored in the Amazon’s dark earth will require more data.Still，the research has significant influences on the Amazon’s future.The technique highlights how ancient people were able to live in the Amazon by developing sustainable farming that doubled as a carbon-storing technique.With more and more greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere，it could also provide a blueprint for developing methods of sustainably locking atmospheric carbon in the soil，helping fight climate change.
4．What can we infer about the dark earth across the Amazon River basin
A．They are more acidic than surrounding soils.
B．They contain more organic nutrients.
C．They formed naturally.
D．They contain less carbon.
5．Why does the author mention the annual carbon emissions of the US
A．To explain the difficulty of protecting dark earth.
B．To show the wide distribution of dark earth in Amazon.
C．To stress the huge carbon-storing capability of dark earth.
D．To reveal the large carbon emissions of the United States.
6．What does the author stress in the last paragraph
A．The importance of developing sustainable farming.
B．The advanced farming technology in ancient times.
C．A possible solution to climate change.
D．A way of green agriculture.
7．Which is the best title of the text
A．Urgency of Sustainable Development
B．Facts About the Dark Earth
C．Advantages of the Dark Earth
D．Wisdom of Ancient Amazons
C
Soot(煤煙灰) pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica，a new study suggests，raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from an increasing number of humans who want to visit the place.
“It really makes us question，‘Is our presence really needed？’” says Alia Khan，one of the authors of the new study.“We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica，which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”
Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels.Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships(游輪)，vehicles and airplanes，although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe.The dark particles(微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day.The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting，which has already been happening more quickly because of global warming.
When snow and ice are uncovered，they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat.“These are the mirrors on our planet，” says Sonia Nagorski，a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast.“When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits，they don’t send back that much light and heat.That means more heat is trapped on Earth，speeding up melting and contributing to global warming.”
As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year，Khan says she is troubled by her own research results.On the one hand，she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing.“But then when we come to conclusions like this，it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent，” she says，“and what kinds of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric，for example，or limiting the number of visitors each year.
8．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in paragraph 2
A．That thick snow and ice cover Antarctica all year round.
B．More and more people’s hoping to explore Antarctica.
C．Stopping soot from approaching Antarctica.
D．Tapping natural resources in Antarctica.
9．Why is a black T-shirt spoken of in paragraph 3
A．To make a guess.
B．To make a comment.
C．To make a comparison.
D．To make a conclusion.
10．What does Sonia Nagorski express in paragraph 4
A．Heat can be made full use of in Antarctica.
B．Uncovered snow and ice can trap more heat.
C．Speeding up melting can slow down global warming.
D．Snow and ice covered with dark particles reflect less sunlight.
11．What can we infer from what Khan says in the last paragraph
A．She helps make regulations about travel in Antarctica.
B．She often leads tourists to visit Antarctica.
C．Trips to Antarctica should be controlled.
D．Tourism can help to develop Antarctica.
D
(2024·江蘇南京、鹽城一模)
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic(基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses.The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism(機制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected，avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells(干細胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots，which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime.These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs.However，any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life，which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots，safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed.Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski，funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council，aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms.Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals，they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs，the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die，preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues.This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells，which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development.It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress.So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
12．What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A．To produce more roots and shoots.
B．To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C．To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D．To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
13．What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A．They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B．They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C．They make quick response to DNA damage.
D．They have the ability to repair the damaged DNA.
14．What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Spread. B．Change.
C．Existence. D．Self-repair.
15．What does the last paragraph focus on
A．The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B．The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C．The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D．The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
Ⅱ.七選五閱讀(每小題2.5分，共12.5分)
(2024·江蘇蘇州二模)
In early October，Travis Gienger transported an enormous pumpkin(南瓜) from his home in Minnesota to the World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off in California.His pumpkin set the record for the biggest one ever grown in North America.How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes 16
Gienger，who teaches horticulture(園藝學) at Anoka Technical College，begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April，starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks，when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty. 17 They can absorb sunlight，nutrients from the soil，and water there.“At their peak，you’re watering them with at least 600 liters a day，” he says.
Depending on the variety，pumpkin plants can grow up to a dozen fruits on a single vine(藤)．But to maximize size，growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources. 18
But what exactly happens inside a pumpkin as it grows Two factors drive natural growth：cell division and cell expansion.Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life.This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants. 19 Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination(授粉)．
20 Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size.Still，there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety.This has led to competition for the best seeds.Following each harvest，many growers auction off(拍賣掉) the seeds from their biggest pumpkins，which will then be used for the following year’s plantings.
A．Biology has the answers.
B．Genetics also influences pumpkin growth.
C．The following tips will give you a head start.
D．Once it warms up，the plants are transferred outside.
E．When it stops，cell expansion will then come into play.
F．Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible.
G．Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．B　[細節理解題。根據What equipment do I need？部分中“ A reliable vehicle with air conditioning and sufficient room to place transport carriers.”可知，野生動物運輸志愿者需要有配備空調的汽車。A項與原文不符；根據“You do NOT need to have these specialised carriers”可知，C項錯誤；根據·Other supplies部分可知，D項錯誤。故選B。]
2．C　[細節理解題。根據Then what？部分中“ Keep us up to date with your contact details so we can get in touch quickly and easily.”可知，野生動物運輸志愿者應該及時更新聯系方式。故選C。]
3．D　[文章體裁題。根據標題“Volunteer Wildlife Transporters Needed！”再結合下文對志愿者要求的介紹可推知，文章是一則招聘野生動物運輸志愿者的廣告。故選D。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了亞馬孫黑土地是人為形成的，而非自然現象，這一發現對于對抗全球氣候變化有一定作用。
4．B　[推理判斷題。根據第二段中“When comparing soil samples...far less acidic than surrounding soils and contained higher levels of plant friendly nutrients.”可知，黑土地富含更多的利于植物成長的營養物質，也就是有機營養成分。故選B。]
5．C　[推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Scans(掃描) of the Xingu region suggest that...‘This number could roughly equal the annual carbon emissions of the United States when all dark earth across the Amazon is taken into consideration，’ Perron says.”可知，這個地區的黑土地可以吸附的碳數量相當于一個小型工業化國家的碳排量，而如果將整個亞馬孫地區的黑土計算在內，吸附的碳可能等于美國一年的碳排量。由此可推知，作者提到美國每年的碳排放量是為了強調黑土地巨大的碳儲存能力。故選C。]
6．C　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“With more and more greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere，it could also provide a blueprint for developing methods of sustainably locking atmospheric carbon in the soil，helping fight climate change.”可知，作者在最后一段想要強調改造黑土地的技術為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案。故選C。]
7．B　[標題歸納題。文章前兩段介紹了黑土地是人為改造的，第三段介紹了黑土地極強的碳吸附能力，最后一段介紹了黑土地為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案，綜合可知，本文主要介紹了關于黑土地的一些信息，由此可推知，B項“關于黑土地的事實”最適合作文章標題。故選B。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人類對南極洲的頻繁考察，導致煤煙污染加速了南極洲氣溫的上升，加速了冰雪融化，人們對此情況反思該如何降低對南極洲的考察頻率，從而減少對南極洲生態環境的破壞。
8．B　[代詞指代題。第一段提到煤煙灰污染正加速南極冰雪的融化，而越來越多的人想游覽南極洲，結合畫線詞所在句可知，It使人們反思自己的到來是否必要，綜合可知，It指代上文中提到的“越來越多的人希望探索南極洲”這個問題。故選B。]
9．C　[推理判斷題。根據第三段中“The dark particles(微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T shirt does on a warm day.”可推知，第三段提到黑色T恤是為了作對照，生動地解釋深色微粒吸收熱量的方式。故選C。]
10．D　[細節理解題。根據第四段中“When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits，they don’t send back that much light and heat.”可知，被覆蓋著深色顆粒的冰雪反射的陽光較少。故選D。]
11．C　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“But then when we come to conclusions like this，it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent...and what kinds of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” 可推斷，去南極洲的旅行應該受到控制。故選C。]
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學家們已經展示了植物如何保護自己免受環境壓力造成的基因損害。
12．D　[細節理解題。根據第一段中“The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in built mechanism(機制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected，avoiding passing on faulty DNA.”可知，植物的這種與生俱來的機制的功能是阻止干細胞中的基因缺陷遺傳下去。故選D。]
13．C　[細節理解題。根據第三段中“Through experiments involving X rays and chemicals，they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.”可知，植物中的干細胞對DNA損傷很敏感，能做出快速反應。故選C。]
14．A　[詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句尤其是“to the rest of the plant tissues”可知，當DNA損傷出現時，干細胞有能力檢測到它并使相應細胞死亡，防止受損的遺傳信息傳播到植物組織的其他部分。故畫線詞“propagation”意為“傳播”。故選A。]
15．B　[段落大意題。根據最后一段內容可知，本段的重點是識別植物保護系統的意義。故選B。]
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章從生物學的角度解釋了種植者是如何讓他們的南瓜長得很大的。
16．A　[根據前文“How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes？”可知，此處承接上文，應是關于這個問題的答案，所以選項A“生物學有答案”切合文意，且引出下文的具體解釋。故選A。]
17．D　[前文提到在四月中旬在室內播種，此時當地土壤還有霜，根據后文“They can absorb sunlight，nutrients from the soil，and water there.”可知，之后植株要被轉移到外面，所以選項D“一旦天氣變暖，這些植物就被轉移到室外”切合文意。故選D。]
18．G　[根據前文“But to maximize size，growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources.”可知，為了確保單個果實輕松獲得足夠的養分，種植者會移除過多的植株，所以選項G“種植者也出于同樣的原因清除該地區的雜草”切合文意。故選G。]
19．E　[根據前文“Two factors drive natural growth：cell division and cell...lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants.”和后文“Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination(授粉)．”可知，空處與細胞擴張有關，所以選項E“當它停止時，細胞擴張就會開始”承上啟下，切合文意，it指代前文的Cell division。故選E。]
20．B　[根據后文“Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size.Still，there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety.”可知，基因也會影響南瓜的大小。所以選項B“基因也會影響南瓜的生長”切合文意。故選B。](共55張PPT)
組合練(二十二)
閱讀提速練
第八組　人與自然——自然生態
Ⅰ.四選一閱讀
A
(2024·河南開封一模)
Volunteer Wildlife Transporters Needed!
What is a wildlife transporter
Wildlife transporters help get rescued sick，injured and orphaned wildlife from a rescuer，carer or vet clinic to a wildlife hospital or a wildlife carer.
All wildlife will be securely contained for safe transport，so no handling experience is required.
語篇解讀　這是一篇應用文。文章是一則野生動物運輸志愿者的招聘啟事。
What equipment do I need
A reliable vehicle with air-conditioning and sufficient room to place transport carriers.A standard SUV is sufficient.
Basic rescue supplies
—Cardboard boxes of various sizes
—Plastic rescue baskets
—Pet carriers
Other supplies
—Second-hand towels，pillowcases or other soft cloth for lining and covering transport carriers
—Notebook and pen/pencil for marking boxes and completing paperwork
—Packing/sticky tape to secure cardboard boxes and to attach paperwork to the animal’s carrier
Specialised transport carriers
Some wildlife(such as koalas，snakes) will already be contained in a more specialised transport carrier by the rescuer and the animal will remain in that carrier for transport.You do NOT need to have these specialised carriers.
How do I get started
Become a Wildcare member—join online at https：//wildcare.org.au/
help-us/join/.
Register for and attend a Rescue and First Aid for Wildlife workshop—all training workshops are free for members.
Get your basic supplies ready as listed above.
Complete the online Rescue/Transport List Application Form.
Join the Wildcare members-only Facebook groups—Wildcare Wildlife Transport Facebook group/Wildcare Community Facebook group.
Then what
Keep us up to date with your contact details so we can get in touch quickly and easily.
Keep an eye out for posts from wildlife rescuers and carers asking for assistance with transporting.
Keep your mobile handy so you don’t miss calls for help.
1.What equipment does a volunteer wildlife transporter need to have
A.Metal rescue baskets. B.An air-conditioned car.
C.Some specialized carriers. D.New towels or pillowcases.
√
細節理解題。根據What equipment do I need？部分中“ A reliable vehicle with air-conditioning and sufficient room to place transport carriers.”可知，野生動物運輸志愿者需要有配備空調的汽車。A項與原文不符；
根據“You do NOT need to have these specialised carriers”可知，C項錯誤；
根據·Other supplies部分可知，D項錯誤。故選B。
2.What is a volunteer wildlife transporter expected to do
A.Pay for the training workshops.
B.Ask for assistance when necessary.
C.Update their contact information in time.
D.Complete the application form with a pen.
√
細節理解題。根據Then what？部分中“ Keep us up to date with your contact details so we can get in touch quickly and easily.”可知，野生動物運輸志愿者應該及時更新聯系方式。故選C。
3.What type of writing is the text
A.A review. B.A report.
C.A paper. D.An advertisement.
文章體裁題。根據標題“Volunteer Wildlife Transporters Needed！”再結合下文對志愿者要求的介紹可推知，文章是一則招聘野生動物運輸志愿者的廣告。故選D。
√
B
(2024·山東聯考)
At ancient sites across the Amazon River basin，mysterious plots of unusually rich soil dot(點綴) the landscape.Scientists have long debated the origin of this “dark earth”，which is darker in color than surrounding soils and richer in carbon.Some people think this dark earth formed naturally，but the latest research has shown that modern Kuikuro people in Brazil create similar soil around their villages on purpose，which adds evidence to the idea that long-ago Amazons deliberately made such soil too.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了亞馬孫黑土地是人為形成的，而非自然現象，這一發現對于對抗全球氣候變化有一定作用。
Perron，an earth scientist at MIT，reviewed interviews of Kuikuro people conducted by a Kuikuro filmmaker in 2018 and found that Kuikuro villagers actively make dark earth by using ash，food bits and controlled burns.“When you plant in hilly land，the soil is weak，” explained elder Kanu Kuikuro in one of the interviews.“That is why we throw the ash，manioc peelings and manioc pulp.”When comparing soil samples from ancient and modern sites，researchers found “striking similarities”—both were far less acidic than surrounding soils and contained higher levels of plant-friendly nutrients.
Analyses also revealed that dark earth holds twice the amount of carbon as surrounding soils on average.Scans(掃描) of the Xingu region suggest that the area is dotted with dark earth，and that as much as about 9 million tons of carbon—the annual carbon emissions of a small，industrialized country—may have disappeared in the area.“This number could roughly equal the annual carbon emissions of the United States when all dark earth across the Amazon is taken into consideration，” Perron says.
Figuring out the true value of carbon stored in the Amazon’s dark earth will require more data.Still，the research has significant influences on the Amazon’s future.The technique highlights how ancient people were able to live in the Amazon by developing sustainable farming that doubled as a carbon-storing technique.With more and more greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere，it could also provide a blueprint for developing methods of sustainably locking atmospheric carbon in the soil，helping fight climate change.
4.What can we infer about the dark earth across the Amazon River basin
A.They are more acidic than surrounding soils.
B.They contain more organic nutrients.
C.They formed naturally.
D.They contain less carbon.
√
推理判斷題。根據第二段中“When comparing soil samples...far less acidic than surrounding soils and contained higher levels of plant-friendly nutrients.”可知，黑土地富含更多的利于植物成長的營養物質，也就是有機營養成分。故選B。
5.Why does the author mention the annual carbon emissions of the US
A.To explain the difficulty of protecting dark earth.
B.To show the wide distribution of dark earth in Amazon.
C.To stress the huge carbon-storing capability of dark earth.
D.To reveal the large carbon emissions of the United States.
√
推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Scans(掃描) of the Xingu region suggest that...‘This number could roughly equal the annual carbon emissions of the United States when all dark earth across the Amazon is taken into consideration，’ Perron says.”可知，這個地區的黑土地可以吸附的碳數量相當于一個小型工業化國家的碳排量，而如果將整個亞馬孫地區的黑土計算在內，吸附的碳可能等于美國一年的碳排量。由此可推知，作者提到美國每年的碳排放量是為了強調黑土地巨大的碳儲存能力。故選C。
6.What does the author stress in the last paragraph
A.The importance of developing sustainable farming.
B.The advanced farming technology in ancient times.
C.A possible solution to climate change.
D.A way of green agriculture.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“With more and more greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere，it could also provide a blueprint for developing methods of sustainably locking atmospheric carbon in the soil，helping fight climate change.”可知，作者在最后一段想要強調改造黑土地的技術為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案。故選C。
7.Which is the best title of the text
A.Urgency of Sustainable Development
B.Facts About the Dark Earth
C.Advantages of the Dark Earth
D.Wisdom of Ancient Amazons
√
標題歸納題。文章前兩段介紹了黑土地是人為改造的，第三段介紹了黑土地極強的碳吸附能力，最后一段介紹了黑土地為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案，綜合可知，本文主要介紹了關于黑土地的一些信息，由此可推知，B項“關于黑土地的事實”最適合作文章標題。故選B。
C
Soot(煤煙灰) pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica，a new study suggests，raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from an increasing number of humans who want to visit the place.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人類對南極洲的頻繁考察，導致煤煙污染加速了南極洲氣溫的上升，加速了冰雪融化，人們對此情況反思該如何降低對南極洲的考察頻率，從而減少對南極洲生態環境的破壞。
“It really makes us question，‘Is our presence really needed？’” says Alia Khan，one of the authors of the new study.“We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica，which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”
Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels.Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships(游輪)，vehicles and airplanes，although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe.The dark particles(微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day.The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting，which has already been happening more quickly because of global warming.
When snow and ice are uncovered，they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat.“These are the mirrors on our planet，” says Sonia Nagorski，a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast.“When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits，they don’t send back that much light and heat.That means more heat is trapped on Earth，speeding up melting and contributing to global warming.”
As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year，Khan says she is troubled by her own research results.On the one hand，she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing.“But then when we come to conclusions like this，it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent，” she says，“and what kinds of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric，for example，or limiting the number of visitors each year.
8.What does the underlined word “It” refer to in paragraph 2
A.That thick snow and ice cover Antarctica all year round.
B.More and more people’s hoping to explore Antarctica.
C.Stopping soot from approaching Antarctica.
D.Tapping natural resources in Antarctica.
√
代詞指代題。第一段提到煤煙灰污染正加速南極冰雪的融化，而越來越多的人想游覽南極洲，結合畫線詞所在句可知，It使人們反思自己的到來是否必要，綜合可知，It指代上文中提到的“越來越多的人希望探索南極洲”這個問題。故選B。
9.Why is a black T-shirt spoken of in paragraph 3
A.To make a guess. B.To make a comment.
C.To make a comparison. D.To make a conclusion.
推理判斷題。根據第三段中“The dark particles(微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day.”可推知，第三段提到黑色T恤是為了作對照，生動地解釋深色微粒吸收熱量的方式。故選C。
√
10.What does Sonia Nagorski express in paragraph 4
A.Heat can be made full use of in Antarctica.
B.Uncovered snow and ice can trap more heat.
C.Speeding up melting can slow down global warming.
D.Snow and ice covered with dark particles reflect less sunlight.
√
細節理解題。根據第四段中“When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits，they don’t send back that much light and heat.”可知，被覆蓋著深色顆粒的冰雪反射的陽光較少。故選D。
11.What can we infer from what Khan says in the last paragraph
A.She helps make regulations about travel in Antarctica.
B.She often leads tourists to visit Antarctica.
C.Trips to Antarctica should be controlled.
D.Tourism can help to develop Antarctica.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“But then when we come to conclusions like this，it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent...and what kinds of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” 可推斷，去南極洲的旅行應該受到控制。故選C。
D
(2024·江蘇南京、鹽城一模)
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic(基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses.The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism(機制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected，avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學家們已經展示了植物如何保護自己免受環境壓力造成的基因損害。
Plants have small populations of stem cells(干細胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots，which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime.These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs.However，any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life，which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots，safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed.Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski，funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council，aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms.Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals，they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs，the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die，preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues.This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells，which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development.It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress.So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
12.What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A.To produce more roots and shoots.
B.To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C.To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D.To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
√
細節理解題。根據第一段中“The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism(機制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected，avoiding passing on faulty DNA.”可知，植物的這種與生俱來的機制的功能是阻止干細胞中的基因缺陷遺傳下去。故選D。
13.What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A.They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B.They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C.They make quick response to DNA damage.
D.They have the ability to repair the damaged DNA.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中“Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals，they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.”可知，植物中的干細胞對DNA損傷很敏感，能做出快速反應。故選C。
14.What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Spread. B.Change.
C.Existence. D.Self-repair.
√
詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句尤其是“to the rest of the plant tissues”可知，當DNA損傷出現時，干細胞有能力檢測到它并使相應細胞死亡，防止受損的遺傳信息傳播到植物組織的其他部分。故畫線詞“propagation”意為“傳播”。故選A。
15.What does the last paragraph focus on
A.The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B.The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C.The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D.The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
√
段落大意題。根據最后一段內容可知，本段的重點是識別植物保護系統的意義。故選B。
Ⅱ.七選五閱讀
(2024·江蘇蘇州二模)
In early October，Travis Gienger transported an enormous pumpkin(南瓜) from his home in Minnesota to the World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off in California.His pumpkin set the record for the biggest one ever grown in North America.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章從生物學的角度解釋了種植者是如何讓他們的南瓜長得很大的。
How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes 16
A.Biology has the answers.
B.Genetics also influences pumpkin growth.
C.The following tips will give you a head start.
D.Once it warms up，the plants are transferred outside.
E.When it stops，cell expansion will then come into play.
F.Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible.
G.Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason.
√
根據前文“How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes？”可知，此處承接上文，應是關于這個問題的答案，所以選項A“生物學有答案”切合文意，且引出下文的具體解釋。故選A。
Gienger，who teaches horticulture(園藝學) at Anoka Technical College，begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April，starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks，when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty.
17 They can absorb sunlight，nutrients from the soil，and water there.“At their peak，you’re watering them with at least 600 liters a day，” he says.
A.Biology has the answers.
B.Genetics also influences pumpkin growth.
C.The following tips will give you a head start.
D.Once it warms up，the plants are transferred outside.
E.When it stops，cell expansion will then come into play.
F.Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible.
G.Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason.
√
前文提到在四月中旬在室內播種，此時當地土壤還有霜，根據后文“They can absorb sunlight，nutrients from the soil，and water there.”可知，之后植株要被轉移到外面，所以選項D“一旦天氣變暖，這些植物就被轉移到室外”切合文意。故選D。
Depending on the variety，pumpkin plants can grow up to a dozen fruits on a single vine(藤).But to maximize size，growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources. 18
A.Biology has the answers.
B.Genetics also influences pumpkin growth.
C.The following tips will give you a head start.
D.Once it warms up，the plants are transferred outside.
E.When it stops，cell expansion will then come into play.
F.Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible.
G.Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason.
√
根據前文“But to maximize size，growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources.”可知，為了確保單個果實輕松獲得足夠的養分，種植者會移除過多的植株，所以選項G“種植者也出于同樣的原因清除該地區的雜草”切合文意。故選G。
But what exactly happens inside a pumpkin as it grows Two factors drive natural growth：cell division and cell expansion.Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life.This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants. 19 Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination(授粉).
A.Biology has the answers.
B.Genetics also influences pumpkin growth.
C.The following tips will give you a head start.
D.Once it warms up，the plants are transferred outside.
E.When it stops，cell expansion will then come into play.
F.Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible.
G.Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason.
√
根據前文“Two factors drive natural growth：cell division and cell...lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants.”和后文“Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination(授粉).”可知，空處與細胞擴張有關，所以選項E“當它停止時，細胞擴張就會開始”承上啟下，切合文意，it指代前文的Cell division。故選E。
20 Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size.Still，there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety.This has led to competition for the best seeds.Following each harvest，many growers auction off(拍賣掉) the seeds from their biggest pumpkins，which will then be used for the following year’s plantings.
A.Biology has the answers.
B.Genetics also influences pumpkin growth.
C.The following tips will give you a head start.
D.Once it warms up，the plants are transferred outside.
E.When it stops，cell expansion will then come into play.
F.Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible.
G.Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason.
√
根據后文“Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size.Still，there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety.”可知，基因也會影響南瓜的大小。所以選項B“基因也會影響南瓜的生長”切合文意。故選B。組合練(二十三)　語言知識精準練
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小題1分，共15分)
(2024·河北邢臺二模)
Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife.Several years ago，I decided to go there for a visit.A local person offered to be my guide，which was a great bonus for me.One day，my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a 1 hillside instead.We picked our way carefully when 2 a charming flower popped into my view among those stones.Oh，dear! More than 3 ，I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core.
4 ，to my surprise，it was only one of the 5 during the trip.As I 6 the end of my trip，there was still something I had yet to see.We planned to 7 most feared creature there，the saltwater crocodile，which can grow to a 8 of 6 meters or more.When we shone a flashlight towards the ①muddy shore，little sounds 9 in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the 10 .Taking a second look，we ②spotted two greedy 11 just above the water line.As we drew near，it 12 and we saw clearly it was a crocodile.With great caution，we ③neared it and finally could 13 its true dimensions.It was a baby—no more than 0.6 meter long.Aha，whatever，I could now report to the 14 back home，who had never been to Borneo，that I had 15 a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale.
1．A.rolling B．spectacular
C．rough D．breathtaking
2．A.suddenly B．literally
C．definitely D．ultimately
3．A.alarmed B．pleased
C．concerned D．upset
4．A.Nevertheless B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
5．A.desires B．motivations
C．destinations D．highlights
6．A.summarized B．suspected
C．approached D．valued
7．A.hold onto B．pick up
C．reflect on D．hunt for
8．A.width B．length
C．height D．size
9．A.emerged B．paused
C．continued D．declined
10．A.mud B．surface
C．ground D．shore
11．A.legs B．mouths
C．eyes D．teeth
12．A.moved B．sank
C．hid D．escaped
13．A.give out B．let out
C．turn out D．make out
14．A.victims B．opponents
C．folks D．guides
15．A.challenged B．encountered
C．terrified D．chased
語境猜詞 ①muddy＝(派)mud＋dy ________ ②spot(轉)n.→v. ________ ③near(轉)prep.→v. ________
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分，共15分)
(2024·廣東佛山二模)
In September，UNESCO Director-General Audrey visited Zhoukoudian in Beijing.She was full of praise 16. a special structure which 17. (successful) protected Yuanrendong Cave from an unusual rainstorm in July.The karst cave 18. (reveal) the fossilized remains of 40 individuals so far.
The structure protects the site from the extreme weather，secretary-general Qin Changwei said at the 2nd World Cultural and Natural Heritage Forum.“19. provides a reference for the protection of cultural relics，and suggests 20. (measure) for helping heritage sites respond to the influence of climate change.”
Organized by various organizations,21. forum brought together some 50 professionals to discuss the protection and 22. (sustain) development of heritage sites.
“Climate change has been the subject of in-depth discussion by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.Questions like how to balance humans and nature，how to respond to natural disasters 23. what new challenges this brings to World Heritage Sites are worth 24. (consider)，” says Qin.
“Addressing the issue requires multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation，making full use of cutting-edge technology and jointly 25. (develop) risk prevention and response plans，” he adds.
語境猜詞答案
Ⅰ.①泥濘的?、诳匆姡⒁獾健、劢咏?，靠近
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在一名當地導游的陪同下去探索婆羅洲的野生動植物的經歷。
1．C　[根據空前的“turned off the smooth road”和空后的“hillside instead”可知，他們走的是一個崎嶇的山坡。故選C。]
2．A　[根據句中的“popped into my view”可知，這里表示他們在行路的過程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。故選A。]
3．B　[根據上文中的“a charming flower”和句中的“I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core”可知，作者看到這朵花時非常高興，忍不住把鼻子湊到花心去聞。故選B。]
4．A　[根據句中的“to my surprise”和上下文語境可知，這里表示轉折，指的是“雖然這朵花很迷人，但這只是本次旅途的亮點之一”。故選A。]
5．D　[根據空前的“one of”和下文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，路上有許多精彩的事物，這朵花只是其中一個亮點。故選D。]
6．C　[根據空后的“the end of my trip”可知，這里表示旅行接近尾聲。故選C。]
7．D　[根據上文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，作者還有許多東西沒看到，所以他們計劃去尋找咸水鱷。故選D。]
8．B　[根據空后的“of 6 meters or more”并結合常識可知，這里指咸水鱷的長度。故選B。]
9．A　[根據下文中的“we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，水里有咸水鱷，所以他們用手電筒照的時候黑暗中出現了一些微弱聲音。故選A。]
10．B　[根據句中的“something unseen underwater”和下文中的“just above the water line”可知，黑暗中出現了一些微弱聲音，好像是水下有什么東西打破了水面。故選B。]
11．C　[根據空前的“two greedy”并結合常識可知，鱷魚在水中時常常將頭露出水面觀察，這里指他們看到了鱷魚的兩只貪婪的眼睛。故選C。]
12．A　[根據句中的“As we drew near”和“and we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，當作者他們走近時，鱷魚動了一下，所以被看清了外形。故選A。]
13．D　[根據句中的“we neared it”和空后的“its true dimensions”可知，作者他們走近看時才辨認出鱷魚的真實大小。故選D。]
14．C　[根據空后的“back home，who had never been to Borneo”可知，這里指的是家里從未去過婆羅洲的人們。故選C。]
15．B　[根據空后的“a hungry crocodile in the wild”可知，這里指在野外遇到一條饑餓的鱷魚。故選B。]
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國因為一座保護周口店遺址的建筑而受到稱贊，因為它為文化遺產保護樹立了一個好榜樣。
16．for　[考查介詞。be full of praise for...“對……贊不絕口”為固定短語，符合句意。故填for。]
17．successfully　[考查副詞。本空應填副詞作狀語，修飾動詞protected。故填successfully。]
18．has revealed　[考查動詞時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語so far可知，句子時態用現在完成時，主語The karst cave為第三人稱單數，助動詞用has。故填has revealed。]
19．It　[考查代詞。本空作主語，指代前一句中的The structure，填代詞it，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填It。]
20．measures　[考查名詞復數。本空作suggests的賓語，用名詞measure，結合句意可知，措施不止一個，應用復數形式。故填measures。]
21．the　[考查冠詞。forum“論壇”為可數名詞，且此處為再次提到，用定冠詞。故填the。]
22．sustainable　[考查形容詞。本空作定語修飾名詞development，用形容詞sustainable。故填sustainable。]
23．and　[考查連詞。空前的how to balance humans and nature，how to respond to natural disasters和空后的what new challenges this brings to World Heritage Sites為并列關系，作介詞like的賓語，應用連詞and連接。故填and。]
24．consideration/considering　[考查固定結構。be worth＋n./doing，consider的名詞形式為consideration，且不可數。故填consideration/considering。]
25．developing　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處為非謂語動詞，形式應與and前的making full use of cutting edge technology 并列。故填developing。](共20張PPT)
組合練(二十三)
語言知識精準練
第八組　人與自然——自然生態
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024·河北邢臺二模)
Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife.Several years ago，I decided to go there for a visit.A local person offered to be my guide，which was a great bonus for me.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在一名當地導游的陪同下去探索婆羅洲的野生動植物的經歷。
One day，my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a 1 hillside instead.
1.A.rolling B.spectacular
C.rough D.breathtaking
根據空前的“turned off the smooth road”和空后的“hillside instead”可知，他們走的是一個崎嶇的山坡。故選C。
√
We picked our way carefully when 2 a charming flower popped into my view among those stones.
2.A.suddenly B.literally
C.definitely D.ultimately
根據句中的“popped into my view”可知，這里表示他們在行路的過程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。故選A。
√
Oh，dear! More than 3 ，I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core.
3.A.alarmed B.pleased
C.concerned D.upset
根據上文中的“a charming flower”和句中的“I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core”可知，作者看到這朵花時非常高興，忍不住把鼻子湊到花心去聞。故選B。
√
4 ，to my surprise，it was only one of the 5 during the trip.
4.A.Nevertheless B.Besides C.Instead D.Therefore
5.A.desires B.motivations 　C.destinations 　　 D.highlights
4.根據句中的“to my surprise”和上下文語境可知，這里表示轉折，指的是“雖然這朵花很迷人，但這只是本次旅途的亮點之一”。故選A。
5.根據空前的“one of”和下文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，路上有許多精彩的事物，這朵花只是其中一個亮點。故選D。
√
√
As I 6 the end of my trip，there was still something I had yet to see.
6.A.summarized B.suspected
C.approached D.valued
根據空后的“the end of my trip”可知，這里表示旅行接近尾聲。故選C。
√
We planned to 7 most feared creature there，the saltwater crocodile，which can grow to a 8 of 6 meters or more.
7.A.hold onto B.pick up C.reflect on D.hunt for
8.A.width B.length C.height D.size
7.根據上文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，作者還有許多東西沒看到，所以他們計劃去尋找咸水鱷。故選D。
8.根據空后的“of 6 meters or more”并結合常識可知，這里指咸水鱷的長度。故選B。
√
√
When we shone a flashlight towards the ①muddy shore，little sounds 9 in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the 10 .
9.A.emerged B.paused C.continued D.declined
10.A.mud B.surface C.ground D.shore
9.根據下文中的“we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，水里有咸水鱷，所以他們用手電筒照的時候黑暗中出現了一些微弱聲音。故選A。
10.根據句中的“something unseen underwater”和下文中的“just above the water line”可知，黑暗中出現了一些微弱聲音，好像是水下有什么東西打破了水面。故選B。
√
√
Taking a second look，we ②spotted two greedy 11 just above the water line.
11.A.legs B.mouths
C.eyes D.teeth
根據空前的“two greedy”并結合常識可知，鱷魚在水中時常常將頭露出水面觀察，這里指他們看到了鱷魚的兩只貪婪的眼睛。故選C。
√
As we drew near，it 12 and we saw clearly it was a crocodile.With great caution，we ③neared it and finally could 13 its true dimensions.
12.A.moved B.sank C.hid D.escaped
13.A.give out B.let out C.turn out D.make out
12.根據句中的“As we drew near”和“and we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，當作者他們走近時，鱷魚動了一下，所以被看清了外形。故選A。
13.根據句中的“we neared it”和空后的“its true dimensions”可知，作者他們走近看時才辨認出鱷魚的真實大小。故選D。
√
√
It was a baby—no more than 0.6 meter long.Aha，whatever，I could now report to the 14 back home，who had never been to Borneo，that I had 15 a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale.
14.A.victims B.opponents C.folks D.guides
15.A.challenged 　B.encountered 　　C.terrified 　　D.chased
14.根據空后的“back home，who had never been to Borneo”可知，這里指的是家里從未去過婆羅洲的人們。故選C。
15.根據空后的“a hungry crocodile in the wild”可知，這里指在野外遇到一條饑餓的鱷魚。故選B。
√
√
①muddy＝(派)mud＋dy _________
②spot(轉)n.→v. ______________
③near(轉)prep.→v.____________
泥濘的
看見，注意到
語境猜詞
接近，靠近
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2024·廣東佛山二模)
In September，UNESCO Director-General Audrey visited Zhoukoudian in Beijing.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國因為一座保護周口店遺址的建筑而受到稱贊，因為它為文化遺產保護樹立了一個好榜樣。
She was full of praise 16. a special structure which 17.____________
(successful) protected Yuanrendong Cave from an unusual rainstorm in July.
16.考查介詞。be full of praise for...“對……贊不絕口”為固定短語，符合句意。故填for。
17.考查副詞。本空應填副詞作狀語，修飾動詞protected。故填successfully。
for
successfully
The karst cave 18. (reveal) the fossilized remains of 40 individuals so far.
考查動詞時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語so far可知，句子時態用現在完成時，主語The karst cave為第三人稱單數，助動詞用has。故填has revealed。
has revealed
The structure protects the site from the extreme weather，secretary-general Qin Changwei said at the 2nd World Cultural and Natural Heritage Forum.“19. provides a reference for the protection of cultural relics，and suggests 20. (measure) for helping heritage sites respond to the influence of climate change.”
19.考查代詞。本空作主語，指代前一句中的The structure，填代詞it，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填It。
20.考查名詞復數。本空作suggests的賓語，用名詞measure，結合句意可知，措施不止一個，應用復數形式。故填measures。
It
measures
Organized by various organizations,21. forum brought together some 50 professionals to discuss the protection and 22. (sustain) development of heritage sites.
21.考查冠詞。forum“論壇”為可數名詞，且此處為再次提到，用定冠詞。故填the。
22.考查形容詞。本空作定語修飾名詞development，用形容詞sustainable。故填sustainable。
the
sustainable
“Climate change has been the subject of in-depth discussion by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.Questions like how to balance humans and nature，how to respond to natural disasters 23. what new challenges this brings to World Heritage Sites are worth 24.__________________________
(consider)，” says Qin.
23.考查連詞?？涨暗膆ow to balance humans and nature，how to respond to natural disasters和空后的what new challenges this brings to World Heritage Sites為并列關系，作介詞like的賓語，應用連詞and連接。故填and。
24.考查固定結構。be worth＋n./doing，consider的名詞形式為consideration，且不可數。故填consideration/considering。
and
consideration/considering
“Addressing the issue requires multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation，making full use of cutting-edge technology and jointly 25.___________(develop) risk prevention and response plans，” he adds.
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處為非謂語動詞，形式應與and前的making full use of cutting-edge technology 并列。故填developing。
developing組合練(二十四)　寫作規范練
Ⅲ.應用文寫作(滿分15分)
(2024·湖南衡陽二模)
上周你校組織學生去四川臥龍大熊貓自然保護區參觀，請你為校英文報寫一篇報道，內容包括：
1．活動過程；
2．收獲與感想。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
A Visit to Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve
Ⅳ.讀后續寫(滿分25分)
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
In a small community located at a suburb of Exeter，a disheartening issue had been troubling the neighborhood for years.The once pleasant surroundings were ruined by piles of waste that seemed to multiply with each passing day.Residents were growing tired of the worsening environment，leading many to abandon their homes in search of cleaner neighborhoods.It was in this terrible situation that two young students，Emma and Mia，decided to take matters into their own hands.
Emma and Mia were classmates and best friends from Phillips Exeter Academy，both passionate about environmental preservation and deeply concerned about the pollution crisis their community was facing.Witnessing more and more neighbors’ leaving，they knew they couldn’t stand by any longer.Determined to bring about a change，they undertook a mission that would soon catch the attention of the entire community.
Their journey began with thorough research and planning.The two girls searched carefully on the Internet for information on environmental initiatives and connected with local environmentalists.They organized meetings with residents to understand the issues at hand，collecting data on the types of waste，the sources，and the areas most affected.Armed with this knowledge，Emma and Mia worked out a comprehensive plan and announced it to ask for opinions from the residents.Surprisingly it was strongly supported.
Their strategy was twofold.First，they initiated a waste classification and recycling program.They distributed recycling bins(回收箱) to every household and educated the community about the importance of responsible waste management.Soon，the streets began to show signs of improvement as the volume of garbage inappropriately thrown away decreased gradually.
The second part of their plan was more ambitious.Emma and Mia gathered volunteers from their school and the neighborhood to take part in a massive clean-up campaign.Armed with gloves and trash(垃圾) bags，they began systematically clearing the waste from the streets，parks，and even the local bodies of water.Their firm commitment and hard work inspired others to join the cause.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Half a year later，the changes were significant.
Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work.
答案精析
Ⅲ.參考范文(報道)
A Visit to Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve
Last week，our school organized a remarkable trip to Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve.Our journey began early in the morning.Once we arrived，we were led to the house of the pandas.We learned about some of their living habits.We also participated in a series of interactive activities，including a lecture on panda conservation.The highlight of the day was the opportunity to volunteer to feed pandas.
Our visit is an eye opening experience.It has left us all deeply moved and enlightened.It not only allows us to get close to these adorable creatures but also emphasizes the importance of biodiversity conservation.As students，we carry a responsibility to act and ensure that these beautiful creatures and their habitats are protected for generations to come.
Ⅳ.參考范文
Half a year later，the changes were significant.Gradually，the neighborhood regained its charm.The air grew cleaner，many kinds of birds were increasingly making their nests here again and the sound of laughter returned as children played in the park once littered with waste.Emma and Mia’s great efforts had not only cleaned up the environment but also promoted the community spirit.News of the remarkable transformation quickly spread beyond the community.Those who had left the community in earlier years began to return.
Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work.The local community was full of praise for their efforts and gave them gift packs in appreciation of what they had done.Besides，awards from environmental organizations and praise from government officials poured in.But they knew that their work was far from finished.They would use their newfound prominence to advocate for sustainable practices，host workshops and seminars on environmental protection，inspire the community to continue their eco friendly efforts and encourage local businesses to adopt green initiatives to make their neighborhood more enjoyable.(共12張PPT)
組合練(二十四)
寫作規范練
第八組　人與自然——自然生態
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
(2024·湖南衡陽二模)
上周你校組織學生去四川臥龍大熊貓自然保護區參觀，請你為校英文報寫一篇報道，內容包括：
1.活動過程；
2.收獲與感想。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
A Visit to Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考范文】(報道)
A Visit to Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Last week，our school organized a remarkable trip to Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve.Our journey began early in the morning.Once we arrived，we were led to the house of the pandas.We learned about some of their living habits.We also participated in a series of interactive activities，including a lecture on panda conservation.The highlight of the day was the opportunity to volunteer to feed pandas.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Our visit is an eye-opening experience.It has left us all deeply moved and enlightened.It not only allows us to get close to these adorable creatures but also emphasizes the importance of biodiversity conservation.As students，we carry a responsibility to act and ensure that these beautiful creatures and their habitats are protected for generations to come.
Ⅳ.讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
In a small community located at a suburb of Exeter，a disheartening issue had been troubling the neighborhood for years.The once pleasant surroundings were ruined by piles of waste that seemed to multiply with each passing day.Residents were growing tired of the worsening environment，leading many to abandon their homes in search of cleaner neighborhoods.It was in this terrible situation that two young students，Emma and Mia，decided to take matters into their own hands.
Emma and Mia were classmates and best friends from Phillips Exeter Academy，both passionate about environmental preservation and deeply concerned about the pollution crisis their community was facing.Witnessing more and more neighbors’ leaving，they knew they couldn’t stand by any longer.Determined to bring about a change，they undertook a mission that would soon catch the attention of the entire community.
Their journey began with thorough research and planning.The two girls searched carefully on the Internet for information on environmental initiatives and connected with local environmentalists.They organized meetings with residents to understand the issues at hand，collecting data on the types of waste，the sources，and the areas most affected.Armed with this knowledge，Emma and Mia worked out a comprehensive plan and announced it to ask for opinions from the residents.Surprisingly it was strongly supported.
Their strategy was twofold.First，they initiated a waste classification and recycling program.They distributed recycling bins(回收箱) to every household and educated the community about the importance of responsible waste management.Soon，the streets began to show signs of improvement as the volume of garbage inappropriately thrown away decreased gradually.
The second part of their plan was more ambitious.Emma and Mia gathered volunteers from their school and the neighborhood to take part in a massive clean-up campaign.Armed with gloves and trash(垃圾) bags，they began systematically clearing the waste from the streets，parks，and even the local bodies of water.Their firm commitment and hard work inspired others to join the cause.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150個左右；
　2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
　　　Half a year later，the changes were significant. _______________
______________________________________________________________
　　　Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work.
______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
Half a year later，the changes were significant.Gradually，the neighborhood regained its charm.The air grew cleaner，many kinds of birds were increasingly making their nests here again and the sound of laughter returned as children played in the park once littered with waste.Emma and Mia’s great efforts had not only cleaned up the environment but also promoted the community spirit.News of the remarkable transformation quickly spread beyond the community.Those who had left the community in earlier years began to return.
Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work.The local community was full of praise for their efforts and gave them gift packs in appreciation of what they had done.Besides，awards from environmental organizations and praise from government officials poured in.But they knew that their work was far from finished.They would use their newfound prominence to advocate for sustainable practices，host workshops and seminars on environmental protection，inspire the community to continue their eco-friendly efforts and encourage local businesses to adopt green initiatives to make their neighborhood more enjoyable.

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