資源簡介

第四組　人與社會——文學、藝術(shù)與體育
組合練(十)　閱讀提速練
(分值：50分)
Ⅰ.四選一閱讀(每小題2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Princeton University Art Event
Program Information for Gaucho: A New Musical
March 8－10,2024，in Wallace Theater
Presented by the Lewis Center for the Arts’ Program in Theater & Music Theater.
Gaucho: A New Musical
Book，music and lyrics(歌詞) by Princeton University senior Aaron Ventresca and his sister，Emma Ventresca，a sophomore at Yale University；directed by lecturer Nico Krell with music direction by guest artist Gia Gan.
Run Time
Approximately 2 hours(including a 10-minute intermission)．
Setting
In this new musical set in nineteenth-century Argentina，the gaucho(高喬人) community of San Antonio de Areco(a town in Buenos Aires Province，Argentina) faces growing threats to its traditional way of life from large landowners’ newest technology—barbed(帶刺的) wire fencing.A young gaucho named Mateo struggles to break free from his family’s dying way of life to become a writer.Then with some help，Mateo escapes to Buenos Aires.There，he meets Sofia，who shakes his narrow-minded view of the world.As modernity takes shape，Mateo is torn between choices：his family or the one he could create，his culture or the movements of the world.
Special Notes
No flash photography permitted.Please silence all electronic devices including mobile phones and watches，and avoid text messaging for the duration of the performance.
Tickets & Details
Performances are free and open to the public；advance tickets required.If a performance is listed as sold out，a wait list will be formed at the door with a limited number of tickets available.
Accessibility
The Wallace Theater is an accessible venue with an assistive listening system.Guests in need of other access accommodations are invited to contact the Lewis Center at least one week in advance at LewisCenter@princeton.edu.
1．Who created the Gaucho: A New Musical
A．Guest artist Gia Gan.
B．Two university students.
C．Lecturer Nico Krell.
D．Artists in Wallace Theater.
2．What is the theme of the musical
A．A romantic love story.
B．A movement of culture.
C．The change of lifestyle.
D．The immigration of a community.
3．What are people required to do to watch the musical
A．Pay for performances in advance.
B．Wait in line at the door of the theatre.
C．Contact the Lewis Center for tickets.
D．Switch off their electronic devices.
B
(2024·浙江嘉興二模)
I have always been proud of my handwriting，a skill I was taught in grade school.The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method，drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot.We were strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework，as they lack the beauty.
Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive(草書)．They type everything，mostly on their phones.Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past.This has become a source of great sadness among traditionalists.
But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive.To my complete disbelief，not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards.They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent，but they said they honestly couldn’t read a thing I had written.One friend went so far as to ask if I could use block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing.
Initially，I was angry.I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed as not just handwriting but calligraphy.But then I showed an English friend a postcard I’d just written，and he said that the only thing that was readily understandable was the letters “U.S.A.” The rest of it，he politely suggested，looked like “chicken scrawl”．
Looking at the postcard dispassionately，I unwillingly admit that he has a point.All the m’s and n’s run together，and the l’s look like 1’s.The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s.So，from now on，I’m taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.
In fact，I just now sent an old friend a postcard.But this time，I simply wrote—in big block letters：
DEAR ALICE：
HI.
JOE.
I hope she gets the message.
4．What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method
A．It is characterized by big flowing lines.
B．It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists.
C．It was not allowed in students’ homework.
D．It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles.
5．What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive
A．The popularity of block letters in recent times.
B．The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive.
C．His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards.
D．His English friend’s suggestion on postcard design.
6．Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication
A．To deliver his message clearly.
B．To improve his handwriting skills.
C．To win praise from his friends.
D．To show his passion for calligraphy.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．The wide use of cursive.
B．The sad decline of cursive.
C．The value of preserving cursive.
D．The technique of writing in cursive.
C
(2024·河北二模)
When it comes to lowering blood pressure，studies have typically shown that aerobic(有氧的) exercises are best.Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.
Exercises that engage muscles without movement，such as wall squats and planks，may be best for lowering blood pressure，according to a large study published in July,2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
This type of training is known as isometric exercise，according to the Mayo Clinic.Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length，and the joints involved don’t move，facilitating stability of the body.Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without，just relying on the body’s own weight.
“These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure，” said study co-author Dr.Jamie O’Driscoll in a news release.
The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions，lasting two or more weeks，on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants，the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training)，isometric exercise，aerobic exercise，dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two，isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.
It’s also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure.These include keeping to a healthy weight，eating a balanced diet，cutting down on salt，not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.
More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training，the authors said.
8．What does the underlined part “isometric exercise” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Exercise that is done with extra weights.
B．Exercise that involves visible muscle contraction.
C．Exercise that focuses on stability of the body.
D．Exercise that engages muscles without movement.
9．How did the researchers carry out the study
A．By providing statistics.
B．By interviewing experts.
C．By doing experiments.
D．By making comparisons.
10．What does the author suggest the future studies about isometric exercise focus on
A．Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness.
B．Demonstrating its influences on mental health.
C．Assessing its suitability for different populations.
D．Determining its long-term impacts on blood pressure.
11．What is the text mainly about
A．The benefits of aerobic exercises.
B．The best exercise for blood pressure.
C．The effects of various types of exercises.
D．The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle.
D
(2024·遼寧沈陽二模)
German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time，the personification of genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The Einsteinian Revolution，two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity—Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn—offer an original and penetrating(犀利的) analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.
For the first time ever，by setting Einstein’s work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge，Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone.
As a large part of the book explains，Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution，not through revolutionary breaks with the past.He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch，but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries，as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics.The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders，he meant that，without their contributions，he would not have formulated(闡述) the theory of relativity.
The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein，of all people，revolutionized physics in the way that he did.But they argue in fascinating detail that，to understand his genius，one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly.Although not always an easy read，the book will interest physicists and historians alike.
12．What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on Einstein
A．Opposing. B．Favorable.
C．Ambiguous. D．Indifferent.
13．What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” probably mean
A．From nothing.
B．Up to a certain standard.
C．By learning from others.
D．With previous knowledge.
14．What does the author mean to say by mentioning the famous scientists
A．Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B．Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C．Their research contributed to Einstein’s success.
D．Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
15．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．A guidebook to a course.
B．An introduction to a book.
C．An essay on Albert Einstein.
D．A review of physics development.
Ⅱ.七選五閱讀(每小題2.5分，共12.5分)
(2024·安徽池州二模)
Jump to It
Jumping rope is an activity that contributes to a healthy lifestyle and helps meet your fitness and wellness goals.Here’s how jumping rope benefits you.
It burns calories.How many calories does jumping rope burn While this depends on your pace on average，you may burn about 100 calories jumping rope for 10 minutes. 16
It’s easy to do.You can jump rope almost anywhere，making it a great option for on-the-go or when you’re traveling.Some people keep the habit of working out in the open air. 17 Being able to pick up a rope is a great option.
It builds bone density(骨密度)．Your bone density decreases as you age.Luckily，jumping rope helps keep your bones strong. 18 The impact or stress from landing after a jump helps strengthen your bones.
It improves your heart and lungs.Jumping rope strengthens your heart and lungs by raising your heart rate quickly.Those who do rope-jumping exercise have better vital capacity. 19 Strong vital capacity contributes to better cardiorespiratory(心和肺的) fitness，which means you can exercise longer with less effort.
It makes you feel good.Did we mention it’s fun After exercise，your body will release a special chemical，which can help with depression.Therefore，if you get anxious sometimes，being active can also help calm ourselves down. 20
A．Others prefer to work at home.
B．But what if it’s raining outside
C．So，skip ahead to the good stuff.
D．It is actually a load-bearing activity.
E．It refers to the amount of air you can breathe out after taking a deep breath.
F．Therefore，as a well-rounded exercise，jumping rope helps with weight loss.
G．However，bend your knees slightly to avoid injuries to ankles and bones when you land.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．B　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Gaucho：A New Musical中的“Book，music and lyrics(歌詞) by Princeton University senior Aaron Ventresca and his sister，Emma Ventresca，a sophomore at Yale University”可知，兩個大學生創(chuàng)作了Gaucho: A New Musical。故選B。]
2．C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Setting中的“A young gaucho...struggles to break free from his family’s dying way of life to become a writer...is torn between choices...”可知，該音樂劇的主題是生活方式的改變。故選C。]
3．D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Special Notes中的“Please silence all electronic devices”可知，看該音樂劇時要求人們關(guān)閉所有電子設(shè)備。故選D。]
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者從對自己的草書書法感到自豪到意識到現(xiàn)代趨勢使草書變得不那么實用和容易理解的歷程。
4．A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“老師正在教我們帕爾默手寫法，向我們灌輸形成大而流暢的線條的重要性……”可知，帕爾默手寫法的特點是線條大而流暢。故選A。]
5．C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“但最近發(fā)生的一件事動搖了我對草書的信念。讓我完全難以置信的是，我的兩個好朋友竟然抱怨我明信片上的字跡。他們很感激我定期寄給他們的漂亮明信片，但他們說他們真的看不懂我寫的東西”可知，作者的朋友們無法理解他明信片上的字跡削弱了作者對草書的信念。故選C。]
6．A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知，作者改用印刷體大寫字母來交流是為了清楚地傳達他的信息。故選A。]
7．B　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段“很明顯現(xiàn)在年輕人不再學草書了。他們主要用手機打字。漂亮的書法是過去的事了。這已經(jīng)成為傳統(tǒng)主義者巨大悲傷的來源”可知，文章主要講的是草書可悲的衰落。故選B。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是一項新的研究表明等長運動可能最適合降低血壓。
8．D　[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Exercises that engage muscles without movement，such as wall squats and planks，may be best for lowering blood pressure”可知，不需要移動身體的肌肉鍛煉可能是降血壓的最佳方式，結(jié)合畫線短語前面的“This type of training”可知，這種類型的訓練指的是上文中提到的“不需要移動身體的肌肉鍛煉”。故選D。]
9．D　[寫作手法題。根據(jù)第五段中的“The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions，lasting two or more weeks，on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.”以及“...the researchers found that...isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.”可知，此項研究是對以前的研究數(shù)據(jù)進行分析，通過比較得出的研究結(jié)論——等長運動能最大程度地降低血壓，由此可知，該項研究是通過對比進行的。故選D。]
10．A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training，the authors said.”可知，接下來需要更多的研究確定為什么等長運動比其他運動更能降低血壓，由此可知，作者建議未來關(guān)于等長運動的研究重點是探究其有效性的原因。故選A。]
11．B　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”以及下文中介紹的等長運動如何進行，該項研究的意義、研究過程和分析可知，本文主要講述的是一項對降血壓最好的運動——等長運動。故選B。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章旨在介紹和評價一本關(guān)于愛因斯坦及其相對論的書《愛因斯坦革命》。
12．A　[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段中“...Gutfreund and Renn discover...by pure thought alone.(……古特弗倫德和雷恩發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種普遍的誤解，即人們認為愛因斯坦是一個非傳統(tǒng)的科學天才，他獨自創(chuàng)造了現(xiàn)代物理學，而且是僅憑他一個人純粹的想象)”可知，古特弗倫德和雷恩對人們看待愛因斯坦的普遍觀點持反對的態(tài)度，故選A。]
13．A　[詞義猜測題。第三段畫線短語所在句是not...but...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不是……而是……”，即他認為他的相對論不是……而是經(jīng)典物理學的自然延伸，由此可知愛因斯坦的理論是建立在其他科學家的研究之上的，所以說不是從零開始的，故可推理出畫線短語的含義為“從零開始”，故選A。]
14．C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“but a natural extension of the classical physics...as nineteenth century physicists”和第四段最后兩句可推理出作者提到著名科學家是為了說明他們的研究有助于愛因斯坦的成功，故選C。]
15．B　[文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了《愛因斯坦的革命》這本書，故選B。]
Ⅱ.
16．F　[空前“It burns calories.How many calories does jumping rope burn While this depends on your pace on average，you may burn about 100 calories jumping rope for 10 minutes.”說明了跳繩可以燃燒很多卡路里，而燃燒卡路里有助于減肥，F(xiàn)選項說明了跳繩可以減肥，承接上文。故選F。]
17．B　[空前“Some people keep the habit of working out in the open air.”說明有些人有在戶外鍛煉的習慣，空后“Being able to pick up a rope is a great option.” 說明跳繩是個好的選擇，空格處應(yīng)該說在什么時候跳繩是個很好的選擇，B選項提出外面下雨，下雨了就可以在室內(nèi)跳繩，和下文說跳繩是個很好的選擇邏輯銜接自然。故選B。]
18．D　[空后“The impact or stress from landing after a jump helps strengthen your bones.”說明跳繩時落地的沖擊或壓力有助于增強骨骼，這說明跳繩和承重有關(guān)，D選項說明了跳繩是一種承重活動，符合語境。故選D。]
19．E　[空前“Jumping rope strengthens your heart and lungs by raising your heart rate quickly.Those who do rope jumping exercise have better vital capacity.”提出跳繩可以增加人的肺活量，空格處應(yīng)該說肺活量是什么，E選項說明了什么是肺活量，因此承接上文，符合語境。故選E。]
20．C　[空前“After exercise，your body will release a special chemical，which can help with depression.Therefore，if you get anxious sometimes，being active can also help calm ourselves down.”說明跳繩可以讓人心情好，空格處是總結(jié)性的話，C選項能總結(jié)全文，并與上文形成因果關(guān)系。故選C。](共50張PPT)
第四組　人與社會——文學、藝術(shù)與體育
組合練(十)
閱讀提速練
Ⅰ.四選一閱讀
A
Princeton University Art Event
Program Information for Gaucho: A New Musical
March 8－10,2024，in Wallace Theater
Presented by the Lewis Center for the Arts’ Program in Theater & Music Theater.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了在普林斯頓大學上演的一部音樂劇的相關(guān)信息。
Gaucho: A New Musical
Book，music and lyrics(歌詞) by Princeton University senior Aaron Ventresca and his sister，Emma Ventresca，a sophomore at Yale University；directed by lecturer Nico Krell with music direction by guest artist Gia Gan.
Run Time
Approximately 2 hours(including a 10-minute intermission).
Setting
In this new musical set in nineteenth-century Argentina，the gaucho(高喬人) community of San Antonio de Areco(a town in Buenos Aires Province，Argentina) faces growing threats to its traditional way of life from large landowners’ newest technology—barbed(帶刺的) wire fencing.A young gaucho named Mateo struggles to break free from his family’s dying way of life to become a writer.Then with some help，Mateo escapes to Buenos Aires.There，he meets Sofia，who shakes his narrow-minded view of the world.As modernity takes shape，Mateo is torn between choices：his family or the one he could create，his culture or the movements of the world.
Special Notes
No flash photography permitted.Please silence all electronic devices including mobile phones and watches，and avoid text messaging for the duration of the performance.
Tickets & Details
Performances are free and open to the public；advance tickets required.If a performance is listed as sold out，a wait list will be formed at the door with a limited number of tickets available.
Accessibility
The Wallace Theater is an accessible venue with an assistive listening system.Guests in need of other access accommodations are invited to contact the Lewis Center at least one week in advance at LewisCenter@princeton.edu.
1.Who created the Gaucho: A New Musical
A.Guest artist Gia Gan. B.Two university students.
C.Lecturer Nico Krell. D.Artists in Wallace Theater.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Gaucho：A New Musical中的“Book，music and lyrics(歌詞) by Princeton University senior Aaron Ventresca and his sister，Emma Ventresca，a sophomore at Yale University”可知，兩個大學生創(chuàng)作了Gaucho: A New Musical。故選B。
√
2.What is the theme of the musical
A.A romantic love story.
B.A movement of culture.
C.The change of lifestyle.
D.The immigration of a community.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Setting中的“A young gaucho...struggles to break free from his family’s dying way of life to become a writer...is torn between choices...”可知，該音樂劇的主題是生活方式的改變。故選C。
√
3.What are people required to do to watch the musical
A.Pay for performances in advance.
B.Wait in line at the door of the theatre.
C.Contact the Lewis Center for tickets.
D.Switch off their electronic devices.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Special Notes中的“Please silence all electronic devices”可知，看該音樂劇時要求人們關(guān)閉所有電子設(shè)備。故選D。
√
B
(2024·浙江嘉興二模)
I have always been proud of my handwriting，a skill I was taught in grade school.The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method，drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot.We were strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework，as they lack the beauty.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者從對自己的草書書法感到自豪到意識到現(xiàn)代趨勢使草書變得不那么實用和容易理解的歷程。
Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive(草書).They type everything，mostly on their phones.Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past.This has become a source of great sadness among traditionalists.
But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive.To my complete disbelief，not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards.They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent，but they said they honestly couldn’t read a thing I had written.One friend went so far as to ask if I could use block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing.
Initially，I was angry.I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed as not just handwriting but calligraphy.But then I showed an English friend a postcard I’d just written，and he said that the only thing that was readily understandable was the letters “U.S.A.” The rest of it，he politely suggested，looked like “chicken scrawl”.
Looking at the postcard dispassionately，I unwillingly admit that he has a point.All the m’s and n’s run together，and the l’s look like 1’s.The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s.So，from now on，I’m taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.
In fact，I just now sent an old friend a postcard.But this time，I simply wrote—in big block letters：
DEAR ALICE：
HI.
JOE.
I hope she gets the message.
4.What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method
A.It is characterized by big flowing lines.
B.It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists.
C.It was not allowed in students’ homework.
D.It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“老師正在教我們帕爾默手寫法，向我們灌輸形成大而流暢的線條的重要性……”可知，帕爾默手寫法的特點是線條大而流暢。故選A。
√
5.What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive
A.The popularity of block letters in recent times.
B.The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive.
C.His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards.
D.His English friend’s suggestion on postcard design.
√
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“但最近發(fā)生的一件事動搖了我對草書的信念。讓我完全難以置信的是，我的兩個好朋友竟然抱怨我明信片上的字跡。他們很感激我定期寄給他們的漂亮明信片，但他們說他們真的看不懂我寫的東西”可知，作者的朋友們無法理解他明信片上的字跡削弱了作者對草書的信念。故選C。
6.Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication
A.To deliver his message clearly.
B.To improve his handwriting skills.
C.To win praise from his friends.
D.To show his passion for calligraphy.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知，作者改用印刷體大寫字母來交流是為了清楚地傳達他的信息。故選A。
√
7.What is the text mainly about
A.The wide use of cursive.
B.The sad decline of cursive.
C.The value of preserving cursive.
D.The technique of writing in cursive.
√
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段“很明顯現(xiàn)在年輕人不再學草書了。他們主要用手機打字。漂亮的書法是過去的事了。這已經(jīng)成為傳統(tǒng)主義者巨大悲傷的來源”可知，文章主要講的是草書可悲的衰落。故選B。
C
(2024·河北二模)
When it comes to lowering blood pressure，studies have typically shown that aerobic(有氧的) exercises are best.Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是一項新的研究表明等長運動可能最適合降低血壓。
Exercises that engage muscles without movement，such as wall squats and planks，may be best for lowering blood pressure，according to a large study published in July,2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
This type of training is known as isometric exercise，according to the Mayo Clinic.Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length，and the joints involved don’t move，facilitating stability of the body.Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without，just relying on the body’s own weight.
“These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure，” said study co-author Dr.Jamie O’Driscoll in a news release.
The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions，lasting two or more weeks，on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants，the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training)，isometric exercise，aerobic exercise，dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two，isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.
It’s also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure.These include keeping to a healthy weight，eating a balanced diet，cutting down on salt，not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.
More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training，the authors said.
8.What does the underlined part “isometric exercise” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Exercise that is done with extra weights.
B.Exercise that involves visible muscle contraction.
C.Exercise that focuses on stability of the body.
D.Exercise that engages muscles without movement.
√
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Exercises that engage muscles without movement，such as wall squats and planks，may be best for lowering blood pressure”可知，不需要移動身體的肌肉鍛煉可能是降血壓的最佳方式，結(jié)合畫線短語前面的“This type of training”可知，這種類型的訓練指的是上文中提到的“不需要移動身體的肌肉鍛煉”。故選D。
9.How did the researchers carry out the study
A.By providing statistics. B.By interviewing experts.
C.By doing experiments. D.By making comparisons.
√
寫作手法題。根據(jù)第五段中的“The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions，lasting two or more weeks，on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.”以及“...the researchers found that...isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.”可知，此項研究是對以前的研究數(shù)據(jù)進行分析，通過比較得出的研究結(jié)論——等長運動能最大程度地降低血壓，由此可知，該項研究是通過對比進行的。故選D。
10.What does the author suggest the future studies about isometric exercise focus on
A.Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness.
B.Demonstrating its influences on mental health.
C.Assessing its suitability for different populations.
D.Determining its long-term impacts on blood pressure.
√
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training，the authors said.”可知，接下來需要更多的研究確定為什么等長運動比其他運動更能降低血壓，由此可知，作者建議未來關(guān)于等長運動的研究重點是探究其有效性的原因。故選A。
主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”以及下文中介紹的等長運動如何進行，該項研究的意義、研究過程和分析可知，本文主要講述的是一項對降血壓最好的運動——等長運動。故選B。
D
(2024·遼寧沈陽二模)
German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time，the personification of genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The Einsteinian Revolution，two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity—Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn—offer an original and penetrating(犀利的) analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章旨在介紹和評價一本關(guān)于愛因斯坦及其相對論的書《愛因斯坦革命》。
For the first time ever，by setting Einstein’s work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge，Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone.
As a large part of the book explains，Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution，not through revolutionary breaks with the past.He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch，but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries，as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics.The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders，he meant that，without their contributions，he would not have formulated(闡述) the theory of relativity.
The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein，of all people，revolutionized physics in the way that he did.But they argue in fascinating detail that，to understand his genius，one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly.Although not always an easy read，the book will interest physicists and historians alike.
12.What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on Einstein
A.Opposing. B.Favorable.
C.Ambiguous. D.Indifferent.
觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段中“...Gutfreund and Renn discover...by pure thought alone.(……古特弗倫德和雷恩發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種普遍的誤解，即人們認為愛因斯坦是一個非傳統(tǒng)的科學天才，他獨自創(chuàng)造了現(xiàn)代物理學，而且是僅憑他一個人純粹的想象)”可知，古特弗倫德和雷恩對人們看待愛因斯坦的普遍觀點持反對的態(tài)度，故選A。
√
13.What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” probably mean
A.From nothing. B.Up to a certain standard.
C.By learning from others. D.With previous knowledge.
√
詞義猜測題。第三段畫線短語所在句是not...but...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不是……而是……”，即他認為他的相對論不是……而是經(jīng)典物理學的自然延伸，由此可知愛因斯坦的理論是建立在其他科學家的研究之上的，所以說不是從零開始的，故可推理出畫線短語的含義為“從零開始”，故選A。
14.What does the author mean to say by mentioning the famous scientists
A.Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B.Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C.Their research contributed to Einstein’s success.
D.Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“but a natural extension of the classical physics...as nineteenth-century physicists”和第四段最后兩句可推理出作者提到著名科學家是為了說明他們的研究有助于愛因斯坦的成功，故選C。
15.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.A guidebook to a course.
B.An introduction to a book.
C.An essay on Albert Einstein.
D.A review of physics development.
√
文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了《愛因斯坦的革命》這本書，故選B。
Ⅱ.七選五閱讀
(2024·安徽池州二模)
Jump to It
Jumping rope is an activity that contributes to a healthy lifestyle and helps meet your fitness and wellness goals.Here’s how jumping rope benefits you.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是跳繩的好處。
It burns calories.How many calories does jumping rope burn While this depends on your pace on average，you may burn about 100 calories jumping rope for 10 minutes. 16
A.Others prefer to work at home.
B.But what if it’s raining outside
C.So，skip ahead to the good stuff.
D.It is actually a load-bearing activity.
E.It refers to the amount of air you can breathe out after taking a deep breath.
F.Therefore，as a well-rounded exercise，jumping rope helps with weight loss.
G.However，bend your knees slightly to avoid injuries to ankles and bones
　when you land.
√
空前“It burns calories.How many calories does jumping rope burn While this depends on your pace on average，you may burn about 100 calories jumping rope for 10 minutes.”說明了跳繩可以燃燒很多卡路里，而燃燒卡路里有助于減肥，F(xiàn)選項說明了跳繩可以減肥，承接上文。故選F。
It’s easy to do.You can jump rope almost anywhere，making it a great option for on-the-go or when you’re traveling.Some people keep the habit of working out in the open air. 17 Being able to pick up a rope is a great option.
A.Others prefer to work at home.
B.But what if it’s raining outside
C.So，skip ahead to the good stuff.
D.It is actually a load-bearing activity.
E.It refers to the amount of air you can breathe out after taking a deep breath.
F.Therefore，as a well-rounded exercise，jumping rope helps with weight loss.
G.However，bend your knees slightly to avoid injuries to ankles and bones
　when you land.
√
空前“Some people keep the habit of working out in the open air.”說明有些人有在戶外鍛煉的習慣，空后“Being able to pick up a rope is a great option.” 說明跳繩是個好的選擇，空格處應(yīng)該說在什么時候跳繩是個很好的選擇，B選項提出外面下雨，下雨了就可以在室內(nèi)跳繩，和下文說跳繩是個很好的選擇邏輯銜接自然。故選B。
It builds bone density(骨密度).Your bone density decreases as you age.Luckily，jumping rope helps keep your bones strong. 18 The impact or stress from landing after a jump helps strengthen your bones.
A.Others prefer to work at home.
B.But what if it’s raining outside
C.So，skip ahead to the good stuff.
D.It is actually a load-bearing activity.
E.It refers to the amount of air you can breathe out after taking a deep breath.
F.Therefore，as a well-rounded exercise，jumping rope helps with weight loss.
G.However，bend your knees slightly to avoid injuries to ankles and bones
　when you land.
√
空后“The impact or stress from landing after a jump helps strengthen your bones.”說明跳繩時落地的沖擊或壓力有助于增強骨骼，這說明跳繩和承重有關(guān)，D選項說明了跳繩是一種承重活動，符合語境。故選D。
It improves your heart and lungs.Jumping rope strengthens your heart and lungs by raising your heart rate quickly.Those who do rope-jumping exercise have better vital capacity. 19 Strong vital capacity contributes to better cardiorespiratory(心和肺的) fitness，which means you can exercise longer with less effort.
A.Others prefer to work at home.
B.But what if it’s raining outside
C.So，skip ahead to the good stuff.
D.It is actually a load-bearing activity.
E.It refers to the amount of air you can breathe out after taking a deep breath.
F.Therefore，as a well-rounded exercise，jumping rope helps with weight loss.
G.However，bend your knees slightly to avoid injuries to ankles and bones when you
　land.
√
空前“Jumping rope strengthens your heart and lungs by raising your heart rate quickly.Those who do rope-jumping exercise have better vital capacity.”提出跳繩可以增加人的肺活量，空格處應(yīng)該說肺活量是什么，E選項說明了什么是肺活量，因此承接上文，符合語境。故選E。
It makes you feel good.Did we mention it’s fun After exercise，your body will release a special chemical，which can help with depression.Therefore，if you get anxious sometimes，being active can also help calm ourselves down. 20
A.Others prefer to work at home.
B.But what if it’s raining outside
C.So，skip ahead to the good stuff.
D.It is actually a load-bearing activity.
E.It refers to the amount of air you can breathe out after taking a deep breath.
F.Therefore，as a well-rounded exercise，jumping rope helps with weight loss.
G.However，bend your knees slightly to avoid injuries to ankles and bones
　when you land.
√
空前“After exercise，your body will release a special chemical，which can help with depression.Therefore，if you get anxious sometimes，being active can also help calm ourselves down.”說明跳繩可以讓人心情好，空格處是總結(jié)性的話，C選項能總結(jié)全文，并與上文形成因果關(guān)系。故選C。組合練(十二)　寫作規(guī)范練
Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)
(2024·山東日照一模)
假定你是校英文報編輯李華，最近英文報開設(shè)了“英文詩歌創(chuàng)作”專欄，外教Andy提供了很大的支持和幫助。請你給他寫一封感謝信，內(nèi)容包括：
1．表達感謝；
2．回顧所提供的幫助。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Andy，
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)
(2024·湖南益陽三模)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Rudi Gonsalves could barely contain his excitement as he sped downhill.It was the first day of his holiday in the Romanian ski resort of Poiana Brasov and he was 6,000 feet up one of its highest mountains，breathing in the cleanest air.
Weather and snow conditions were perfect.An experienced skier，he tackled the difficult “black” run with ease，knees gently bent to meet the uneven surface of the snow.
Rudi，a part-time youth worker from Epsom Downs，Surrey，regularly booked a winter holiday with his wife Sue.But Sue was scared of heights and could not overcome her sense of foreboding as the skiing season approached.
So this time Rudi，a keen sportsman and fit for his 57 years，had come alone.
As he snaked his way down the mountain on that March afternoon last year，snowflakes began to fall—lightly at first，then more heavily until the clouds blotted out the sun entirely，transforming everything into a ghostly whiteness.
He could just make out other skiers descending the slopes as fast as they could.“I’d better stay close to them for safety，” he decided.This could be tricky.
Straining to see ahead，Rudi was only vaguely aware of a looming outline lumbering up the mountain.
“Did anyone see me fall Where am I？”
He looked around him，trying to get his bearings，but in every direction there was only the same vast whiteness.
Then he took out his gold watch，a treasured present from his wife.It not only told him the time,1：54 pm，but also seemed to give him strength.
It was getting dark when Rudi finally gave up his attempt to scale the mountain and decided to head downhill instead.He knew it would mean moving away from the best route back to his hotel，but there seemed to be no alternative.
Despair began to dog Rudi as he faced up to the reality of spending a night in the open.It was 5：30 pm and the temperature was dropping fast.He began to shake，his teeth chattering uncontrollably.He felt very alone.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
After three hours he was very tired，colder than he had ever felt.
He was barely aware of two horses drawing a wagon along the lane towards him.
答案精析
Ⅲ.參考范文(感謝信)
Dear Andy，
I am writing to inform you that I have won first prize in the “English poetry writing” column started by the English newspaper.I am grateful for what you have done for me.Without your patient guidance and continuous encouragement，I could not have made it.
It was kind of you to set aside half an hour every day from your busy schedule to teach me how to write a poem.Besides，after I wrote the poem，you revised my poem and gave me some advice.
Thanks again for your generous help.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅳ.參考范文
After three hours he was very tired，colder than he had ever felt.Hunger and thirst wore away his stomach.Using a ski as a spade，he spent half an hour clearing the snow beneath the branch until he reached the drier soil below.Then he stabbed around with his ski pole，collecting fallen branches for a fire.He didn’t dare to fall asleep for fear that he might never wake up.For six hours he sat listening，hoping to hear someone calling him or to see some lights，until，dizzy and exhausted，he collapsed on to a well used country lane.
He was barely aware of two horses drawing a wagon along the lane towards him.A weather beaten driver loaded him into the cart and took him to his farmhouse.There Rudi felt himself being lifted out by farm workers.But even when someone cut away his ski boots and socks，he could not feel his feet.The Romanians could see that his toes and fingers were black from frostbite.His rescuers revived him with three bowls of milk.“You saved my life，” he managed to say，his speech slow and painful.Rudi knew it was more than lucky that a stranger’s kindness kept him alive through the dilemma.(共12張PPT)
組合練(十二)
寫作規(guī)范練
第四組　人與社會——文學、藝術(shù)與體育
Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作
(2024·山東日照一模)
假定你是校英文報編輯李華，最近英文報開設(shè)了“英文詩歌創(chuàng)作”專欄，外教Andy提供了很大的支持和幫助。請你給他寫一封感謝信，內(nèi)容包括：
1.表達感謝；
2.回顧所提供的幫助。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Andy，___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【參考范文】 (感謝信)
Dear Andy，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
I am writing to inform you that I have won first prize in the “English poetry writing” column started by the English newspaper.I am grateful for what you have done for me.Without your patient guidance and continuous encouragement，I could not have made it.
It was kind of you to set aside half an hour every day from your busy schedule to teach me how to write a poem.Besides，after I wrote the poem，you revised my poem and gave me some advice.
Thanks again for your generous help.
Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫
(2024·湖南益陽三模)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Rudi Gonsalves could barely contain his excitement as he sped downhill.It was the first day of his holiday in the Romanian ski resort of Poiana Brasov and he was 6,000 feet up one of its highest mountains，breathing in the cleanest air.
Weather and snow conditions were perfect.An experienced skier，he tackled the difficult “black” run with ease，knees gently bent to meet the uneven surface of the snow.
Rudi，a part-time youth worker from Epsom Downs，Surrey，regularly booked a winter holiday with his wife Sue.But Sue was scared of heights and could not overcome her sense of foreboding as the skiing season approached.
So this time Rudi，a keen sportsman and fit for his 57 years，had come alone.
As he snaked his way down the mountain on that March afternoon last year，snowflakes began to fall—lightly at first，then more heavily until the clouds blotted out the sun entirely，transforming everything into a ghostly whiteness.
He could just make out other skiers descending the slopes as fast as they could.“I’d better stay close to them for safety，” he decided.This could be tricky.
Straining to see ahead，Rudi was only vaguely aware of a looming outline lumbering up the mountain.
“Did anyone see me fall Where am I？”
He looked around him，trying to get his bearings，but in every direction there was only the same vast whiteness.
Then he took out his gold watch，a treasured present from his wife.It not only told him the time,1：54 pm，but also seemed to give him strength.
It was getting dark when Rudi finally gave up his attempt to scale the mountain and decided to head downhill instead.He knew it would mean moving away from the best route back to his hotel，but there seemed to be no alternative.
Despair began to dog Rudi as he faced up to the reality of spending a night in the open.It was 5：30 pm and the temperature was dropping fast.He began to shake，his teeth chattering uncontrollably.He felt very alone.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
After three hours he was very tired，colder than he had ever felt.
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
He was barely aware of two horses drawing a wagon along the lane towards him.______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
After three hours he was very tired，colder than he had ever felt.Hunger and thirst wore away his stomach.Using a ski as a spade，he spent half an hour clearing the snow beneath the branch until he reached the drier soil below.Then he stabbed around with his ski pole，collecting fallen branches for a fire.He didn’t dare to fall asleep for fear that he might never wake up.For six hours he sat listening，hoping to hear someone calling him or to see some lights，until，dizzy and exhausted，he collapsed on to a well-used country lane.
He was barely aware of two horses drawing a wagon along the lane towards him.A weather-beaten driver loaded him into the cart and took him to his farmhouse.There Rudi felt himself being lifted out by farm workers.But even when someone cut away his ski boots and socks，he could not feel his feet.The Romanians could see that his toes and fingers were black from frostbite.His rescuers revived him with three bowls of milk.“You saved my life，” he managed to say，his speech slow and painful.Rudi knew it was more than lucky that a stranger’s kindness kept him alive through the dilemma.組合練(十一)　語言知識精準練
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小題1分，共15分)
(2024·山東青島一模)
When my father was a teenager，he had been declared a prodigy(天才) by his art teacher.He later became an art teacher and had some 1 of his paintings.But when my mother got ill，his creative life 2 .
I remembered my father’s 3 for art.One day，I asked whether he was interested in drawing a cartoon.My father was not much of a 4 .When learning to drive，I had asked if it was more important to 5 the cars ahead or those behind.“Both.” Then he was 6 for the next three miles.
He gave no 7 answer to my query(詢問)．I asked again the following day.Still no real 8 .I ultimately 9 the idea.I understood he ①had enough on his plate already.But a week later，I received an email from my father—with a(n) 10 .I ②downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw!
We began to draw cartoons.The process of creating gave him 11 .As he built his art muscles back up，his teenage self’s ③enthusiasm 12 .
He is now painting，drawing and talking so much that I have to 13 I’m getting a call to escape his 14 .If he were to ask me whether I was prouder of the cartoon or of him turning his life around，I would 15 ，“Both.”
1．A.records B．copies
C．exhibits D．celebrations
2．A.happened B．worked
C．ceased D．developed
3．A.choice B．love
C．skill D．idea
4．A.thinker B．teacher
C．painter D．talker
5．A.drive off B．rush through
C．look into D．concentrate on
6．A.careful B．silent
C．impatient D．polite
7．A.definite B．relevant
C．simple D．clever
8．A.channel B．response
C．message D．word
9．A.dropped B．failed
C．forgot D．regretted
10．A.list B．present
C．budget D．a(chǎn)ttachment
11．A.freedom B．safety
C．purpose D．trust
12．A.grew B．returned
C．a(chǎn)ppeared D．mixed
13．A.pretend B．state
C．joke D．mention
14．A.excitement B．disappointment
C．embarrassment D．a(chǎn)musement
15．A.agree B．interrupt
C．predict D．say
語境猜詞 ①have enough on one’s plate (習語)_____________ ②download＝(合)down＋load_____________ ③enthusiasm＝(派)enthuse＋iasm_____________
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分，共15分)
(2024·山東濟南一模)
Driven by a great passion for guqin,16. is an ancient Chinese instrument，Li Xiangting，a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing 17. (devote) nearly 70 years to mastering and promoting it since his first encounter with it.
In 1958，Li became the only guqin major in the Traditional Chinese Instruments Department.Given that guqin was 18. (relative) unknown，Li was often ignored.Everyone considered it out of date,19. he thought it deserved an important position and was determined to make it 20. (appreciate) by everyone.
In order to introduce it 21. a global audience，Li innovated while honoring the instrument’s rich traditions.Later，he also produced teaching videos,22. (publish) books，and released albums，significantly boosting the instrument’s 23. (popular)．
In the following years，more enthusiasts and musicians like Li worked on the art.With 24. (they) efforts，the UNESCO recognized the art as an intangible(非物質(zhì)的) heritage of humanity in 2003.Moreover，his daughter，Li Pengpeng，has followed in her father’s footsteps,25. (serve) as an ambassador in promoting traditional Chinese culture.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的父親因為母親生病停止了自己的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。為了幫助父親找回熱情，作者讓父親畫漫畫，最終父親少年時代的熱情又回來了，作者也為他的改變而驕傲。
1．C　[根據(jù)后文“of his paintings”以及上文提到父親是美術(shù)老師，所以是舉辦了一些繪畫展覽。故選C。]
2．C　[根據(jù)空前的“But when my mother got ill”可知，當母親生病的時候，父親的創(chuàng)作生涯停止了。故選C。]
3．B　[根據(jù)上文“But when my mother got ill，his creative life .”可知，父親因為母親放棄了美術(shù)，所以此處指作者想起父親對藝術(shù)的熱愛。故選B。]
4．D　[根據(jù)后文“He is now painting，drawing and talking so much that I have to”可推知，父親過去不健談，故選D。]
5．D　[根據(jù)上文“When learning to drive”可知，作者和父親談?wù)摰氖情_車時把注意力放在前面的車上更重要，還是放在后面的車上更重要。故選D。]
6．B　[根據(jù)上文“Both.”可知，父親只回答了一個字，結(jié)合上文提到父親不愛說話，說明接下來的三英里路程，他一言不發(fā)。故選B。]
7．A　[根據(jù)上文中的“Both.”以及后文“I asked again the following day.Still no real...”可知，父親對作者的詢問沒有給出明確的回答。故選A。]
8．B　[根據(jù)上文“I asked again the following day.”以及“Still”可知，父親對作者的問題仍然沒有真正的回答。故選B。]
9．A　[根據(jù)后文“I understood he had enough on his plate already.”可知，作者放棄了詢問父親的想法，故選A。]
10．D　[根據(jù)后文“I downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw！”可知，父親的郵件附帶了漫畫附件。故選D。]
11．C　[根據(jù)后文“he built his art muscles back up”可知，父親找回了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的肌肉，創(chuàng)作的過程給了他目標。故選C。]
12．B　[根據(jù)上文“But when my mother got ill，his creative life ceased.”可知，此處指父親對藝術(shù)的熱情回來了。故選B。]
13．A　[根據(jù)后文“I’m getting a call to escape his”可知，作者為了逃避興奮的父親，不得不假裝接電話。故選A。]
14．A　[根據(jù)上文“He is now painting，drawing and talking so much”可知，父親因為找回了激情而興奮，一直在畫畫、描繪、說話。故選A。]
15．D　[根據(jù)前文的“ask me”可知，本空表示“回答”，用say符合語境。故選D。]
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了中央音樂學院教授李祥霆對古琴的熱愛和所做的推廣工作。
16．which　[考查定語從句。分析句子可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是guqin，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導。故填which。]
17．has devoted　[考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知，空處作句子的謂語動詞，結(jié)合時間狀語“since his first encounter with it”可知，時態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，且主語Li Xiangting是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞應(yīng)用has。故填has devoted。]
18．relatively　[考查副詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾形容詞unknown應(yīng)用副詞。故填relatively。]
19．but/yet　[考查連詞。上文表示“每個人都認為古琴過時了”，下文表示“他認為古琴應(yīng)該享有一個重要的地位”，上下文語義構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，空處應(yīng)用意為“但是”的并列連詞but或yet連接上下文。故填but或yet。]
20．a(chǎn)ppreciated　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處作賓語補足語，appreciate和指代古琴的it在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用appreciate的過去分詞形式，make sth done意為“使某事被做”。故填appreciated。]
21．to　[考查介詞。introduce sth to sb 為固定短語。故填to。]
22．published　[考查時態(tài)。分析句子可知，空處和produced以及released并列，作句子的謂語，時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填published。]
23．popularity　[考查名詞。分析句子可知，空處作boosting的賓語，被the instrument’s修飾，應(yīng)用名詞，popular的名詞形式popularity，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填popularity。]
24．their　[考查代詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾efforts，表示“他們的”，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。]
25．serving　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空處的行為和謂語行為同時發(fā)生，作伴隨狀語，serve as“擔任”和Li Pengpeng在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用serve的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填serving。](共21張PPT)
組合練(十一)
語言知識精準練
第四組　人與社會——文學、藝術(shù)與體育
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024·山東青島一模)
When my father was a teenager，he had been declared a prodigy(天才) by his art teacher.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的父親因為母親生病停止了自己的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。為了幫助父親找回熱情，作者讓父親畫漫畫，最終父親少年時代的熱情又回來了，作者也為他的改變而驕傲。
He later became an art teacher and had some 1 of his paintings.But when my mother got ill，his creative life 2 .
1.A.records B.copies C.exhibits D.celebrations
2.A.happened B.worked C.ceased D.developed
1.根據(jù)后文“of his paintings”以及上文提到父親是美術(shù)老師，所以是舉辦了一些繪畫展覽。故選C。
2.根據(jù)空前的“But when my mother got ill”可知，當母親生病的時候，父親的創(chuàng)作生涯停止了。故選C。
√
√
I remembered my father’s 3 for art.One day，I asked whether he was interested in drawing a cartoon.
3.A.choice B.love
C.skill D.idea
√
根據(jù)上文“But when my mother got ill，his creative life .”可知，父親因為母親放棄了美術(shù)，所以此處指作者想起父親對藝術(shù)的熱愛。故選B。
My father was not much of a 4 .When learning to drive，I had asked if it was more important to 5 the cars ahead or those behind.
4.A.thinker B.teacher C.painter D.talker
5.A.drive off B.rush through C.look into D.concentrate on
4.根據(jù)后文“He is now painting，drawing and talking so much that I have to”可推知，父親過去不健談，故選D。
5.根據(jù)上文“When learning to drive”可知，作者和父親談?wù)摰氖情_車時把注意力放在前面的車上更重要，還是放在后面的車上更重要。故選D。
√
√
“Both.” Then he was 6 for the next three miles.
6.A.careful B.silent
C.impatient D.polite
根據(jù)上文“Both.”可知，父親只回答了一個字，結(jié)合上文提到父親不愛說話，說明接下來的三英里路程，他一言不發(fā)。故選B。
√
He gave no 7 answer to my query(詢問).I asked again the following day.Still no real 8 .
7.A.definite B.relevant C.simple D.clever
8.A.channel B.response　 C.message D.word
7.根據(jù)上文中的“Both.”以及后文“I asked again the following day.Still no real...”可知，父親對作者的詢問沒有給出明確的回答。故選A。
8.根據(jù)上文“I asked again the following day.”以及“Still”可知，父親對作者的問題仍然沒有真正的回答。故選B。
√
√
I ultimately 9 the idea.I understood he ①had enough on his plate already.
9.A.dropped B.failed
C.forgot D.regretted
根據(jù)后文“I understood he had enough on his plate already.”可知，作者放棄了詢問父親的想法，故選A。
√
But a week later，I received an email from my father—with a(n) 10 .
I ②downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw!
10.A.list B.present
C.budget D.attachment
根據(jù)后文“I downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw！”可知，父親的郵件附帶了漫畫附件。故選D。
√
We began to draw cartoons.The process of creating gave him 11 .As he built his art muscles back up，his teenage self’s ③enthusiasm 12 .
11.A.freedom B.safety C.purpose D.trust
12.A.grew B.returned C.appeared D.mixed
11.根據(jù)后文“he built his art muscles back up”可知，父親找回了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的肌肉，創(chuàng)作的過程給了他目標。故選C。
12.根據(jù)上文“But when my mother got ill，his creative life ceased.”可知，此處指父親對藝術(shù)的熱情回來了。故選B。
√
√
He is now painting，drawing and talking so much that I have to 13 I’m getting a call to escape his 14 .
13.A.pretend B.state C.joke D.mention
14.A.excitement 　B.disappointment　C.embarrassment　D.amusement
13.根據(jù)后文“I’m getting a call to escape his”可知，作者為了逃避興奮的父親，不得不假裝接電話。故選A。
14.根據(jù)上文“He is now painting，drawing and talking so much”可知，父親因為找回了激情而興奮，一直在畫畫、描繪、說話。故選A。
√
√
If he were to ask me whether I was prouder of the cartoon or of him turning his life around，I would 15 ，“Both.”
15.A.agree B.interrupt
C.predict D.say
根據(jù)前文的“ask me”可知，本空表示“回答”，用say符合語境。故選D。
√
①have enough on one’s plate (習語) ________________
②download＝(合)down＋load ______
③enthusiasm＝(派)enthuse＋iasm ______
忙得不可開交
下載
語境猜詞
熱情
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2024·山東濟南一模)
Driven by a great passion for guqin,16. is an ancient Chinese instrument，Li Xiangting，a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing 17.____________(devote) nearly 70 years to mastering and promoting it since his first encounter with it.
16.考查定語從句。分析句子可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是guqin，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導。故填which。
17.考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知，空處作句子的謂語動詞，結(jié)合時間狀語“since his first encounter with it”可知，時態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，且主語Li Xiangting是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞應(yīng)用has。故填has devoted。
which
has devoted
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了中央音樂學院教授李祥霆對古琴的熱愛和所做的推廣工作。
In 1958，Li became the only guqin major in the Traditional Chinese Instruments Department.Given that guqin was 18. (relative) unknown，Li was often ignored.
考查副詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾形容詞unknown應(yīng)用副詞。故填relatively。
relatively
Everyone considered it out of date,19. he thought it deserved an important position and was determined to make it 20. (appreciate) by everyone.
19.考查連詞。上文表示“每個人都認為古琴過時了”，下文表示“他認為古琴應(yīng)該享有一個重要的地位”，上下文語義構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，空處應(yīng)用意為“但是”的并列連詞but或yet連接上下文。故填but或yet。
20.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處作賓語補足語，appreciate和指代古琴的it在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用appreciate的過去分詞形式，make sth done意為“使某事被做”。故填appreciated。
but/yet
appreciated
In order to introduce it 21. a global audience，Li innovated while honoring the instrument’s rich traditions.
考查介詞。introduce sth to sb 為固定短語。故填to。
to
Later，he also produced teaching videos,22. (publish) books，and released albums，significantly boosting the instrument’s 23.__________(popular).
22.考查時態(tài)。分析句子可知，空處和produced以及released并列，作句子的謂語，時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填published。
23.考查名詞。分析句子可知，空處作boosting的賓語，被the instrument’s修飾，應(yīng)用名詞，popular的名詞形式popularity，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填popularity。
published
popularity
In the following years，more enthusiasts and musicians like Li worked on the art.With 24. (they) efforts，the UNESCO recognized the art as an intangible(非物質(zhì)的) heritage of humanity in 2003.
考查代詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾efforts，表示“他們的”，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。
their
Moreover，his daughter，Li Pengpeng，has followed in her father’s footsteps,25. (serve) as an ambassador in promoting traditional Chinese culture.
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空處的行為和謂語行為同時發(fā)生，作伴隨狀語，serve as“擔任”和Li Pengpeng在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用serve的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填serving。
serving

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