資源簡介

組合練(八)　語言知識精準練
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小題1分，共15分)
(2024·浙江紹興二模)
I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals.I wanted to see what the 1 was after hearing them talk about it.To be more 2 ，I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans(老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto because the 3 of VA is “to serve those who served” and I really 4 this very idea.
To my greatest joy，I was 5 the VA program，and throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours 6 at VA Palo Alto in different departments.To be honest，I had never at all felt more welcomed and 7 in every department I went to.After some initial experiences，I 8 to work in the Office of Information Technology(OIT) since I am interested in computers，and I wanted to see how they are used in a hospital setting.
My overall experience of volunteering at VA can be 9 into the words of “①eye-opening and 10 .” Throughout my whole life I have been 11 to health care，from both my parents being physicians and my health problems，but I have never 12 been on the other side of the glass，so to speak.What I 13 most about my experience was the 14 to see what it’s like to help people.I want to continue volunteering at VA because I believe there is no other experience that can be as 15 as working in a hospital that treats Veterans.
1．A.opportunity B．decision
C．experience D．a(chǎn)dventure
2．A.specific B．private
C．flexible D．careful
3．A.concept B．mission
C．profession D．a(chǎn)dvantage
4．A.contributed B．generated
C．transformed D．shared
5．A.accepted into B．committed to
C．concerned about D．②withdrawn from
6．A.studying B．volunteering
C．observing D．exercising
7．A.convinced B．determined
C．valued D．a(chǎn)mused
8．A.applied B．refused
C．promised D．a(chǎn)rranged
9．A.classified B．summarized
C．divided D．combined
10．A.normal B．relevant
C．reliable D．worthy
11．A.attached B．devoted
C．exposed D．submitted
12．A.actually B．totally
C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．a(chǎn)ppropriately
13．A.respect B．treasure
C．understand D．a(chǎn)gree
14．A.courage B．responsibility
C．a(chǎn)pproach D．a(chǎn)bility
15．A.relaxing B．challenging
C．rewarding D．exciting
語境猜詞 ①eye-opening＝(合)eye＋opening_____________ ②withdraw＝(合)with＋draw _____________
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分，共15分)
(2024·浙江臺州二模)
Tang Yan gave up a promising career in 1992 to save an almost lost art—that of “Beijing silk figurine(北京絹人)”．In 1997，she established a studio with five other enthusiasts.Then they spent 16. entire year making several figurines，only to find there was no market for their products.
“A figurine could cost 17. (basic) the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and complicated handicraft techniques，” Tang said.“Many potential customers were amazed by the beauty of our products，but their price 18. (drive) them away.”
The first failure taught Tang 19. they needed：finding ways to reduce production costs.She made many creative and bold 20. (adaptation) to the traditional figurines，like using machines to paint the clothes.These measures cut the price to less than a tenth of the 21. (origin) one.However,22. (lend) the dolls a sense of delicacy and craftsmanship，she preserved several handmade processes for hair and makeup.
After decades of whole-hearted devotion 23. the craft，Tang now runs her own Beijing figurine product brand Tang Wawa.“Girls in China need their own dolls.When I was little，dolls 24. (call) yangwawa，meaning Western dolls，” Tang continued.“I wanted to create dolls 25. (bear) a cultural connection to Chinese people，figurines with a rich historical implication.”
答案精析
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在帕洛阿爾托的退伍軍人事務醫(yī)院做志愿者工作的經(jīng)歷和感悟。
1．C　[根據(jù)后文的“After some initial experiences”以及“My overall experience of volunteering at VA”可知，作者聽父母談論之后，想看看在醫(yī)院做志愿者的經(jīng)歷是怎樣的。故選C。]
2．A　[根據(jù)后文的“I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans (老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto”可知，前文作者說自己想在醫(yī)院做志愿者，后文說出了具體想在哪里工作。to be more specific“更具體地說”。故選A。]
3．B　[根據(jù)后文的“to serve those who served”可知，“為曾經(jīng)服役的人服務”是醫(yī)院的使命。故選B。]
4．D　[根據(jù)前文的“I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans(老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto”可知，作者希望在這里工作，證明作者認同這個想法。share the idea “認同這個想法”。故選D。]
5．A　[根據(jù)后文的“throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours at VA Palo Alto in different departments”可知，整個暑假作者在帕洛阿爾托VA醫(yī)院的不同科室度過了大約110個小時，所以作者被VA項目錄取了。故選A。]
6．B　[根據(jù)前文的“I was interested in volunteering at a hospital”以及后文的“volunteering at VA”可知，此處是在帕洛阿爾托VA醫(yī)院做了大約110個小時的志愿者。故選B。]
7．C　[根據(jù)前文的“I had never at all felt more welcomed”和后文“in every department I went to”可知，此處與welcomed并列，說的是作者從來沒有感到像現(xiàn)在這樣受到歡迎和重視。故選C。]
8．A　[根據(jù)后文的“to work in the Office of Information Technology(OIT) since I am interested in computers”可知，因為作者對計算機很感興趣，所以作者申請了信息技術(shù)辦公室的工作。故選A。]
9．B　[根據(jù)前文的“My overall experience of volunteering at VA”以及空后“eye opening and ”可知，作者把自己在退伍軍人事務醫(yī)院的志愿服務經(jīng)歷用兩個詞進行了概括總結(jié)。故選B。]
10．D　[根據(jù)前文的“eye opening”可知，作者認為自己的志愿服務是值得的。故選D。]
11．C　[根據(jù)第一段中“I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals.”以及后文的“to health care，from both my parents being physicians and my health problems”可知，作者因為父母是醫(yī)生以及自己的健康問題，一直接觸到醫(yī)療保健。be exposed to“暴露于；接觸”。故選C。]
12．A　[根據(jù)后文的“been on the other side of the glass”可知，在作者的一生中，作者一直接觸到醫(yī)療保健，但實際上，作者從來沒有真正站在玻璃的另一邊，即從來沒有以醫(yī)護人員的身份參與醫(yī)療保健。故選A。]
13．B　[根據(jù)后文的“most about my experience was the to see what it’s like to help people”可知，在這段志愿者經(jīng)歷中，能夠看到幫助別人是什么樣子，這是作者最珍惜的。故選B。]
14．D　[根據(jù)后文的“to see what it’s like to help people”可知，作者從事志愿者工作，能夠看到幫助別人是什么樣子。故選D。]
15．C　[根據(jù)后文的“working in a hospital that treats Veterans”以及上文“What I most about my experience was the to see what it’s like to help people.”可知，在退伍軍人事務醫(yī)院工作能夠幫助別人，作者認為這讓人感覺有意義。故選C。]
Ⅱ.
16．a(chǎn)n　[考查冠詞。year是可數(shù)名詞，句中用的單數(shù)，空前應用不定冠詞修飾表示“一”，entire的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，用an。故填an。]
17. basically　[考查副詞。空處修飾空前的動詞，應該用副詞修飾，basic的副詞形式是basically。故填basically。]
18．drove　[考查動詞的時態(tài)。本句是but連接的并列句，drive作后一分句的謂語，根據(jù)前文were amazed可知，用一般過去時。故填drove。]
19．what　[考查賓語從句。空處引導賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，且意義為“……的事物”，應用what引導。故填what。]
20．a(chǎn)daptations　[考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)句意以及空前的many可知，提示詞adaptation要用復數(shù)形式，此處表示“改編版”。故填adaptations。]
21．original　[考查形容詞。空后是代詞，所以空處應填形容詞作定語，origin的形容詞形式是original。故填original。]
22．to lend　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處lend“給……增添”用非謂語形式，根據(jù)句意，此處表目的，用不定式作目的狀語。故填to lend。]
23．to　[考查介詞。此處是固定搭配：devotion to意為“獻身于”。故填to。]
24．were called　[考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。call作本句謂語，和主語dolls之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)前文的was可知，用一般過去時，主語dolls是復數(shù)，be動詞用were。故填were called。]
25．bearing　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處用非謂語動詞，bear和邏輯主語dolls之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。故填bearing。](共23張PPT)
組合練(八)
語言知識精準練
第三組　人與社會——社會服務與人際溝通
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024·浙江紹興二模)
I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在帕洛阿爾托的退伍軍人事務醫(yī)院做志愿者工作的經(jīng)歷和感悟。
I wanted to see what the 1 was after hearing them talk about it. To be more 2 ，
1.A.opportunity 　　B.decision C.experience D.adventure
2.A.specific 　　B.private C.flexible D.careful
1.根據(jù)后文的“After some initial experiences”以及“My overall experience of volunteering at VA”可知，作者聽父母談論之后，想看看在醫(yī)院做志愿者的經(jīng)歷是怎樣的。故選C。
2.根據(jù)后文的“I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans (老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto”可知，前文作者說自己想在醫(yī)院做志愿者，后文說出了具體想在哪里工作。to be more specific“更具體地說”。故選A。
√
√
I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans(老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto because the 3 of VA is “to serve those who served” and I really 4 this very idea.
3.A.concept B.mission C.profession D.advantage
4.A.contributed B.generated C.transformed D.shared
3.根據(jù)后文的“to serve those who served”可知，“為曾經(jīng)服役的人服務”是醫(yī)院的使命。故選B。
4.根據(jù)前文的“I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans(老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto”可知，作者希望在這里工作，證明作者認同這個想法。share the idea “認同這個想法”。故選D。
√
√
To my greatest joy，I was 5 the VA program，and throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours 6 at VA Palo Alto in different departments.
5.A.accepted into B.committed to C.concerned about　 D.②withdrawn from
6.A.studying B.volunteering C.observing D.exercising
5.根據(jù)后文的“throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours at VA Palo Alto in different departments”可知，整個暑假作者在帕洛阿爾托VA醫(yī)院的不同科室度過了大約110個小時，所以作者被VA項目錄取了。故選A。
6.根據(jù)前文的“I was interested in volunteering at a hospital”以及后文的“volunteering at VA”可知，此處是在帕洛阿爾托VA醫(yī)院做了大約110個小時的志愿者。故選B。
√
√
To be honest，I had never at all felt more welcomed and 7 in every department I went to.
7.A.convinced B.determined
C.valued D.amused
√
根據(jù)前文的“I had never at all felt more welcomed”和后文“in every department I went to”可知，此處與welcomed并列，說的是作者從來沒有感到像現(xiàn)在這樣受到歡迎和重視。故選C。
After some initial experiences，I 8 to work in the Office of Information Technology(OIT) since I am interested in computers，and I wanted to see how they are used in a hospital setting.
8.A.applied B.refused
C.promised D.arranged
√
根據(jù)后文的“to work in the Office of Information Technology(OIT) since I am interested in computers”可知，因為作者對計算機很感興趣，所以作者申請了信息技術(shù)辦公室的工作。故選A。
My overall experience of volunteering at VA can be 9 into the words of “①eye-opening and 10 .”
9.A.classified B.summarized 　C.divided 　D.combined
10.A.normal B.relevant 　C.reliable 　D.worthy
9.根據(jù)前文的“My overall experience of volunteering at VA”以及空后“eye-opening and ”可知，作者把自己在退伍軍人事務醫(yī)院的志愿服務經(jīng)歷用兩個詞進行了概括總結(jié)。故選B。
10.根據(jù)前文的“eye-opening”可知，作者認為自己的志愿服務是值得的。故選D。
√
√
Throughout my whole life I have been 11 to health care，from both my parents being physicians and my health problems，
11.A.attached B.devoted
C.exposed D.submitted
根據(jù)第一段中“I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals.”以及后文的“to health care，from both my parents being physicians and my health problems”可知，作者因為父母是醫(yī)生以及自己的健康問題，一直接觸到醫(yī)療保健。be exposed to“暴露于；接觸”。故選C。
√
but I have never 12 been on the other side of the glass，so to speak.
12.A.actually B.totally
C.absolutely D.appropriately
根據(jù)后文的“been on the other side of the glass”可知，在作者的一生中，作者一直接觸到醫(yī)療保健，但實際上，作者從來沒有真正站在玻璃的另一邊，即從來沒有以醫(yī)護人員的身份參與醫(yī)療保健。故選A。
√
What I 13 most about my experience was the 14 to see what it’s like to help people.
13.A.respect B.treasure C.understand D.agree
14.A.courage B.responsibility C.approach D.ability
13.根據(jù)后文的“most about my experience was the to see what it’s like to help people”可知，在這段志愿者經(jīng)歷中，能夠看到幫助別人是什么樣子，這是作者最珍惜的。故選B。
14.根據(jù)后文的“to see what it’s like to help people”可知，作者從事志愿者工作，能夠看到幫助別人是什么樣子。故選D。
√
√
I want to continue volunteering at VA because I believe there is no other experience that can be as 15 as working in a hospital that treats Veterans.
15.A.relaxing B.challenging
C.rewarding D.exciting
根據(jù)后文的“working in a hospital that treats Veterans”以及上文“What I most about my experience was the to see what it’s like to help people.”可知，在退伍軍人事務醫(yī)院工作能夠幫助別人，作者認為這讓人感覺有意義。故選C。
√
①eye-opening＝(合)eye＋opening ______________
②withdraw＝(合)with＋draw ___________
使人開眼界的
(使)退出
語境猜詞
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2024·浙江臺州二模)
Tang Yan gave up a promising career in 1992 to save an almost lost art—that of “Beijing silk figurine(北京絹人)”.In 1997，she established a studio with five other enthusiasts.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇新聞報道。這篇文章詳細介紹了“北京絹人”傳承人唐燕的創(chuàng)業(yè)過程。
Then they spent 16. entire year making several figurines，only to find there was no market for their products.
考查冠詞。year是可數(shù)名詞，句中用的單數(shù)，空前應用不定冠詞修飾表示“一”，entire的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，用an。故填an。
an
“A figurine could cost 17. (basic) the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and complicated handicraft techniques，” Tang said.
考查副詞。空處修飾空前的動詞，應該用副詞修飾，basic的副詞形式是basically。故填basically。
basically
“Many potential customers were amazed by the beauty of our products，but their price 18. (drive) them away.”
考查動詞的時態(tài)。本句是but連接的并列句，drive作后一分句的謂語，根據(jù)前文were amazed可知，用一般過去時。故填drove。
drove
The first failure taught Tang 19. they needed：finding ways to reduce production costs.
考查賓語從句。空處引導賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，且意義為“……的事物”，應用what引導。故填what。
what
She made many creative and bold 20. (adaptation) to the traditional figurines，like using machines to paint the clothes.
考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)句意以及空前的many可知，提示詞adaptation要用復數(shù)形式，此處表示“改編版”。故填adaptations。
adaptations
These measures cut the price to less than a tenth of the 21._____________
(origin) one.However,22. (lend) the dolls a sense of delicacy and craftsmanship，she preserved several handmade processes for hair and makeup.
21.考查形容詞。空后是代詞，所以空處應填形容詞作定語，origin的形容詞形式是original。故填original。
22.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處lend“給……增添”用非謂語形式，根據(jù)句意，此處表目的，用不定式作目的狀語。故填to lend。
original
to lend
After decades of whole-hearted devotion 23. the craft，Tang now runs her own Beijing figurine product brand Tang Wawa.
考查介詞。此處是固定搭配：devotion to意為“獻身于”。故填to。
to
“Girls in China need their own dolls.When I was little，dolls 24._____________(call) yangwawa，meaning Western dolls，” Tang continued.
考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。call作本句謂語，和主語dolls之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)前文的was可知，用一般過去時，主語dolls是復數(shù)，be動詞用were。故填were called。
were called
“I wanted to create dolls 25. (bear) a cultural connection to Chinese people，figurines with a rich historical implication.”
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處用非謂語動詞，bear和邏輯主語dolls之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。故填bearing。
bearing組合練(九)　寫作規(guī)范練
Ⅲ.應用文寫作(滿分15分)
(2024·湖南岳陽二模)
你校學生會計劃面向國際交流生招募山區(qū)小學英語支教志愿者。請你寫一則招募啟事，內(nèi)容包括：
1．介紹招募目的；
2．說明工作內(nèi)容和要求。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Volunteers wanted
Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)
(2024·江蘇南京二模)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
When we are little kids，birthday parties are momentous occasions.They are our time to shine，and we love everything about them：the balloons，the games，the cake，the gifts，and so on.
After reading cool stories about police officers solving mysteries，Allen Miller thought the police were awesome，hoping to become one of them! So，when he had to choose a theme for his seventh birthday party—he went with his favorite：the police! And all he wanted for his birthday party was a model police car.He excitedly invited some of his friends and anxiously awaited the day.Unfortunately，none of them could make it to the party due to various reasons.
Allen’s mom Rachel wrestled with the challenging decision：should she cancel the party and save Allen the embarrassment of an empty party room He had been looking forward to the party and talking about it daily，so it would break his heart to cancel it.
Officer Frank Smith，who had already planned with Rachel and agreed to show up at the party，heard from Rachel that it might be canceled due to low attendance.That’s when he decided to save the day—he is a police officer after all! His duty is to serve and protect，and he decided to protect Allen from having a bad day，and serve him the most amazing seventh birthday party! Officer Smith got the whole local police to join in.“We like to be involved in our community.It’s not just about enforcing(執(zhí)行) the law.We like to be there in the good times as well，” he explained to Rachel.
On the day of Allen’s party，Officer Smith picked up Rachel and Allen in his police car.The boy didn’t know where they were going，but was excited.They stopped at Town Hall，and Officer Smith led them into the meeting room where a group of policemen were waiting to wish Allen a happy birthday.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
There，a party was waiting for him.
After they enjoyed the cake，Officer Smith took out a gift bag.
答案精析
Ⅲ.參考范文(啟事)
Volunteers wanted
To ease the burden of the teacher shortage in mountainous areas，volunteers are needed to teach English there.
As a volunteer，you will be responsible for giving English classes and caring for the kids，especially the left behind ones.The programme will last for one year.There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories for the rest of your life.
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate well both in spoken and written Chinese and English.Similar experience is not a must，but you should be friendly and outgoing.If interested，please contact us at 123456@.
Ⅳ.參考范文
There，a party was waiting for him.The moment Allen stepped inside，a chorus of “Happy Birthday” filled the meeting room，and he found himself surrounded by lots of police officers holding balloons.Officer Smith introduced him to all the officers，who gave him high fives.Allen was thrilled，and his eyes sparkled with excitement as he looked at the grand police themed cake.As Allen cut into the cake with the help of his mom，the room erupted into cheers and laughter，adding to the joyful atmosphere.
After they enjoyed the cake，Officer Smith took out a gift bag.“It’s for you.” He presented the delicately wrapped parcel to Allen，who was stunned by the surprise.“Wow，a model police car! It looks exactly like the one we came here in! Thank you！” Officer Smith smiled，“Anytime，Allen.” Allen hugged Officer Smith and thanked him again for making the otherwise crushing disappointment his time to shine.It was the local heroes who helped by being part of the community and inspiring the young soul in small but effective ways.(共12張PPT)
組合練(九)
寫作規(guī)范練
第三組　人與社會——社會服務與人際溝通
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
(2024·湖南岳陽二模)
你校學生會計劃面向國際交流生招募山區(qū)小學英語支教志愿者。請你寫一則招募啟事，內(nèi)容包括：
1.介紹招募目的；
2.說明工作內(nèi)容和要求。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Volunteers wanted
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
【參考范文】 (啟事)
Volunteers wanted
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To ease the burden of the teacher shortage in mountainous areas，volunteers are needed to teach English there.
As a volunteer，you will be responsible for giving English classes and caring for the kids，especially the left-behind ones.The programme will last for one year.There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories for the rest of your life.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate well both in spoken and written Chinese and English.Similar experience is not a must，but you should be friendly and outgoing.If interested，please contact us at 123456@.
Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫
(2024·江蘇南京二模)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
When we are little kids，birthday parties are momentous occasions.They are our time to shine，and we love everything about them：the balloons，the games，the cake，the gifts，and so on.
After reading cool stories about police officers solving mysteries，Allen Miller thought the police were awesome，hoping to become one of them! So，when he had to choose a theme for his seventh birthday party—he went with his favorite：the police! And all he wanted for his birthday party was a model police car.He excitedly invited some of his friends and anxiously awaited the day.Unfortunately，none of them could make it to the party due to various reasons.
Allen’s mom Rachel wrestled with the challenging decision：should she cancel the party and save Allen the embarrassment of an empty party room He had been looking forward to the party and talking about it daily，so it would break his heart to cancel it.
Officer Frank Smith，who had already planned with Rachel and agreed to show up at the party，heard from Rachel that it might be canceled due to low attendance.That’s when he decided to save the day—he is a police officer after all! His duty is to serve and protect，and he decided to protect Allen from having a bad day，and serve him the most amazing seventh birthday party! Officer Smith got the whole local police to join in.“We like to be involved in our community.It’s not just about enforcing(執(zhí)行) the law.We like to be there in the good times as well，” he explained to Rachel.
On the day of Allen’s party，Officer Smith picked up Rachel and Allen in his police car.The boy didn’t know where they were going，but was excited.They stopped at Town Hall，and Officer Smith led them into the meeting room where a group of policemen were waiting to wish Allen a happy birthday.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150個左右；
　　　2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
There，a party was waiting for him._________________________
______________________________________________________________
After they enjoyed the cake，Officer Smith took out a gift bag.___
______________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
There，a party was waiting for him.The moment Allen stepped inside，a chorus of “Happy Birthday” filled the meeting room，and he found himself surrounded by lots of police officers holding balloons.Officer Smith introduced him to all the officers，who gave him high fives.Allen was thrilled，and his eyes sparkled with excitement as he looked at the grand police-themed cake.As Allen cut into the cake with the help of his mom，the room erupted into cheers and laughter，adding to the joyful atmosphere.
After they enjoyed the cake，Officer Smith took out a gift bag.“It’s for you.” He presented the delicately wrapped parcel to Allen，who was stunned by the surprise.“Wow，a model police car! It looks exactly like the one we came here in! Thank you！” Officer Smith smiled，“Anytime，Allen.” Allen hugged Officer Smith and thanked him again for making the otherwise crushing disappointment his time to shine.It was the local heroes who helped by being part of the community and inspiring the young soul in small but effective ways.第三組　人與社會——社會服務與人際溝通
組合練(七)　閱讀提速練
Ⅰ.四選一閱讀(每小題2.5分，共37.5分)
A
(2024·北京東城一模)
Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities for 2024 that provide a rewarding experience that will stay with you for life Every year thousands of teens choose to volunteer abroad with International Volunteer HQ(IVHQ)—the world’s most trusted provider of safe and affordable volunteer programs for teens.
Service trips for teens are available in more than 50 destinations and there are 17 teen volunteer programs for 16 to 18-year-olds.Some of the best programs in 2024 include Turtle Conservation in Bali，Animal Care in Costa Rica and Childcare in Tanzania.Or，if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school，IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too!
Benefits for volunteers：
There is no doubt that volunteering as a teenager is a meaningful way to broaden your education and add experiences that will stand out on your college application.
Crossing boundaries to work with partners from different parts of the world fosters global understanding.
Living in a country different to your own means that you will be involved in a new culture，cuisine，and way of thinking.
Guaranteed support：
Chances are your parents will also want to learn more about IVHQ，whether or not they will go abroad with you.Having placed more than 130,000 volunteers abroad，we’re always happy to speak with parents to ensure all their questions are fielded.Through our online safety training，comprehensive information brochures，on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams，IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad.
If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective，please contact us.IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service.
1．What can IVHQ provide for a high school group
A．Rewards for volunteering.
B．A free service trip.
C．An opportunity to study abroad.
D．A specialized program.
2．What does IVHQ promise to volunteers
A．Local teams’ assistance.
B．Partners’ support.
C．College recommendation letters.
D．Parents’ company.
3．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To advertise a service.
B．To suggest a lifestyle.
C．To advocate volunteering.
D．To introduce requirements.
B
(2024·山東濰坊模擬預測)
Michael and his wife，new residents in a San Francisco apartment，learned about their neighbor Jeff Dunan’s volunteer work for Bangladesh Relief，an organization that provides food，clothing and essential supplies for disadvantaged people in northern Bangladesh.Inspired，Michael donated $150 to Dunan’s GoFundMe campaign.However，a credit card notification alerted him to an unintended $15,041 charge.
When he saw the five-figure number，he was confused.Soon，it all made sense.Michael’s credit card number started with four and one.Clearly，he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor(光標) was still in the donation box.
Michael planned to call Dunan to explain，but before he had the chance to do that，he started receiving messages from Shohag Chandra，the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager，thanking him for his generous donation.After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name，Michael’s heart sank.He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation.Once his original contribution was refunded，he decided to donate $1,500.
Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale，he decided to share it publicly on social media，after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds.“The least I could do was take the time to post this story online and see if I could inspire other people to donate to the cause，” Michael said.
Little did he know，though，that the story would be seen far and wide，ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation.According to Dunan，more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post.Michael has been stunned(震驚) by the ongoing outpouring of support.“Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction，” he said.“People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.”
4．How did Michael make the large donation
A．He input an incorrect amount.
B．He encountered a system error.
C．He was greatly inspired by Dunan.
D．He entered wrong credit card details.
5．Why did Michael’s heart sink according to paragraph 3
A．He saw people in despair.
B．He failed to offer enough money.
C．He didn’t receive the full refund.
D．He realized the scale of his mistake.
6．What motivated Michael to share the story on social media
A．Dunan’s request for publicity.
B．A desire for personal recognition.
C．The organization’s urgent need for funds.
D．Pressure from his family and friends.
7．What message does the story convey
A．Actions speak louder than words.
B．Many hands make light work.
C．Always prepare for a rainy day.
D．A good beginning is half of victory.
C
(2024·河北滄州一模)
The days of just teaching kids their ABCs are long gone.Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom：being self-aware，self-managing，socially aware，relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society.That is quite an ask!
Social-emotional learning(SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order.It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal(內(nèi)心的)，interpersonal，and cognitive competence.This process improves individual students’ skills and makes for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society.This theory truly allows individuals to develop well.
SEL has effectively predicted positive school adjustment in the school setting，promoted learning engagement，minimized discipline problems，increased high school graduation rates，and promoted future employment and adult health.A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions.Further，not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions，but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.
Developing an identity is necessary for maturing adults，and SEL satisfies this requirement.In assisting students in developing their identity，SEL helps to increase self-confidence，self-compassion，identification of strengths and needs，and recognition of needs，values，and judgments.
In the classroom，SEL has been shown to positively impact students’ attitudes，behaviors，and academic performance.Further，it decreases negative behaviors，such as being off-task or aggressive，and substance abuse.SEL enhances the learning environment and makes it a safe place for learning.
Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health，but it is also important for teachers’ mental health.SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management and decreases reports of teacher burnout.Ultimately，SEL creates a calmer classroom environment，which makes educating students much easier.
8．What does the underlined word “That” in paragraph 1 stand for
A．Teaching kids their ABCs.
B．Preparing students for life beyond class.
C．All the hopes placed on students.
D．Teaching students self-management.
9．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2
A．How to be a successful learner.
B．How to meet the students’ needs.
C．What is needed for a community.
D．What is social-emotional learning.
10．What is the most important part of SEL
A．Giving students a definite identity.
B．Allowing students to predict their future.
C．Guaranteeing students’ future employment.
D．Helping students understand and manage emotions.
11．What can we infer about SEL from the last paragraph
A．It is a win-win method.
B．It is criticized by students.
C．It may make teachers tired.
D．It is a magical tool for teachers.
D
(2024·山東臨沂一模)
When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972，he referred to his subjects—a Ugandan group called the Ik—as “the loveless people”. After two years of observations，he decided that they reflected humanity’s basest(最卑劣的) instincts(本能)：cheat，thievery，and pitilessness.But when Athena Aktipis and her colleagues from the Human Generosity Project took a deeper look，they identified a community that shared everything.“Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrous famine(饑荒)．All he saw is what happens when people are starving，” says Aktipis.But her team revealed that despite living under pressure，the Ik placed a high value on helping one another when they could.
Aktipis believes that altruism is more common and beneficial than evolutionary social science has long thought.“It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives，” she says.By studying the unique，selfless practices that helped nine communities across the world to continue to exist，the experts from the project are looking to show that we are indeed capable of widespread cooperation.
The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points.They rely on two-way friendships for resources like food or water when they’re in need，without expecting any repayment.Also，a world away，in New Mexico，while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return，they will assist without repayment if someone faces difficulties，such as an injury or the death of a loved one.
Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any interdependent systems.Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone.Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based on individual risk factors such as health histories and where people live，which means millions of Americans can’t afford it.But in a system built on neighboring，pooled costs(合并成本) would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters.
12．What did Turnbull think of the Ik people
A．Heartless. B．Helpful.
C．Restless. D．Generous.
13．What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Trying to be strong and tough to survive.
B．Making full use of the surrounding resources.
C．Being devoted to themselves or their relatives.
D．Caring about the needs and happiness of others.
14．What does paragraph 3 intend to convey
A．Friendships guarantee a happy life.
B．Folks assist each other to get support.
C．Cooperation is a good and natural instinct.
D．People tend to provide resources for free.
15．How does Aktipis intend to apply her findings
A．By designing a policy for public health.
B．By monitoring individual health histories.
C．By creating a system against collective hardship.
D．By lowering insurance prices for individual victims.
Ⅱ.七選五閱讀(每小題2.5分，共12.5分)
(2024·山東濟寧二模)
Providing feedback is an essential part of personal and career development. 16 One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich technique，sometimes also referred to as a compliment(贊美) sandwich.
If you are seeking to enhance your career growth，learning about the feedback sandwich can be a game-changer. 17 Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong，it ensures that the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well.The process can be broken into three parts.A manager or superior starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue their good work.Afterward，they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve.This feedback aims to be specific，behavioral，and relevant to the situation. 18
The feedback sandwich technique is a highly useful method.It can help soften the blow of criticism.By starting and ending with positive feedback，it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked. 19 As we all know，criticism is awkward，but when you’re giving potentially negative feedback，it’s easier when you’re also serving it up with two compliments.Additionally，it enables the meeting or an interaction to end on a positive note.
20 Many people are knowledgeable about this technique，which might make it sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly.Also，when feedback becomes a routine，employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugarcoating the negatives，thus reducing its value.Hence，positive feedback should not simply be seen as something to cushion the negative，but should be delivered so as to reinforce and encourage good performance.
A．It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.
B．Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.
C．The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.
D．The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication.
E．Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.
F．It may not be for every situation，but it can make negative feedback more digestible.
G．This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末句“Or，if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school，IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too! ”可知，IVHQ能為高中團體提供一個專門的項目。故選D。]
2．A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Guaranteed support部分的“Through our online safety training，comprehensive information brochures，on going support from experienced program managers and round the clock support from our local teams，IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad.”可知，IVHQ對志愿者的承諾是當?shù)貓F隊的協(xié)助。故選A。]
3．A　[寫作意圖題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段“If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective，please contact us.IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service.”可知，本文是International Volunteer HQ為志愿者提供的服務的廣告，因此目的是為一種服務做廣告。故選A。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了主人公邁克爾輸錯捐款金額后將故事分享到網(wǎng)上，結(jié)果吸引了更多人關(guān)注孟加拉國的情況，募集到了更多的資金。
4．A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Michael’s credit card number started with four and one.Clearly，he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor(光標) was still in the donation box.”可知，邁克爾捐了一大筆錢，因為他輸入的金額不正確。故選A。]
5．D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，此時他認識到自己的大筆捐款產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，所以開始后悔自己申請退款的舉動。故選D。]
6．C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Although Michael had told his family...after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds.”可知，邁克爾是在杜南告訴他這個組織急需資金之后決定在網(wǎng)上分享這件事的。故選C。]
7．B　[推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合最后一段可知，文章主要敘述了邁克爾為什么一開始決定捐款、捐款金額有誤的原因以及后續(xù)如何吸引了更多人捐款的故事。邁克爾在文章最后發(fā)出感慨：“People can be amazing when they come together...”，與B項“眾人拾柴火焰高”意思相近。故選B。]
8．B　[代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom：being self aware，self managing，socially aware，relationship building and responsible decision makers who positively contribute to society.”可知，現(xiàn)代教育工作者肩負著一項看似不可能的責任，那就是確保今天的年輕人在學術(shù)上為課堂之外的生活做好準備。故畫線詞指代的是“讓學生們?yōu)檎n堂之外的生活做好準備”。故選B。]
9．D　[段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Social emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order.”以及“It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal(內(nèi)心的)，interpersonal，and cognitive competence.”可知，本段開頭引出了社會情感學習的概念，下文介紹了社會情感學習的作用。所以本段主要探討了什么是社會情感學習。故選D。]
10．D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions.Further，not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions，but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.”可知，SEL的一個核心組成部分是幫助孩子們理解情緒，進而管理情緒。故選D。]
11．A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health，but it is also important for teachers’ mental health.”可知，社會情感學習不僅對學生的心理健康至關(guān)重要，而且對老師的心理健康也很重要。由此可知，這是一個雙贏的方法。故選A。]
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述Athena Aktipis通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，利他主義比進化社會科學長期以來認為的更為普遍和有益，可以通過合作建立一個對抗集體困難的制度。
12．A　[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“美國人類學家Colin Turnbull在1972年出版了《山民》，他把他的研究對象——一個叫作Ik的烏干達群體——稱為‘無愛的人’”可知，Turnbull認為Ik人很無情，故選A。]
13．D　[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段末句“但她的團隊透露，盡管生活在壓力之下，但Ik人非常重視在可能的情況下幫助他人”及畫線詞下文“人們被認為只會做有利于自己或親人的事情”可知，人們實際上比以往的學術(shù)觀點更傾向于幫助他人，故推測畫線詞應表示關(guān)心和幫助他人，與D項意義相近，故選D。]
14．C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中“……我們其實有能力進行廣泛合作”和第三段提到肯尼亞的馬賽人依靠雙向友誼互相幫助而不期望任何回報以及新墨西哥州的人們會為遇到困難的人無償提供幫助可知，本段旨在通過兩個例子表明合作是一種良好而自然的本能，故選C。]
15．C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Aktipis認為，她通過研究這些群體而完善的理論框架可以廣泛應用于任何相互依存的系統(tǒng)”以及最后一句“但在一個建立在友鄰基礎上的體系中，在自然災害等集體困難時期，合并成本將減輕負擔”可知，Aktipis打算通過建立一個對抗集體困難的制度來應用她的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。]
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇關(guān)于如何提出反饋的議論文。作者提出三明治式“贊揚＋建設性意見＋贊揚”的反饋評價方法，這讓反饋方更有效率而接受反饋方不那么難堪，更容易接受建議。
16．E　[空前一句是“Providing feedback is an essential part...development.(提供反饋是個人和職業(yè)發(fā)展的重要組成部分。)”，后面一句是“One of the...compliment(贊美) sandwich.(讓給予者和接受者都更容易接受的最有效和最經(jīng)典的方法之一是反饋三明治技術(shù)，有時也被稱為贊美三明治。)”，因此設空處應提出反饋的方法和有效性問題。E項“Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.(然而，如果做得不正確，發(fā)表建設性的批評可能是一個挑戰(zhàn))”符合要求。故選E項。]
17．G　[根據(jù)后面的“Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong...what went well.(它不是簡單地關(guān)注哪里出了錯，而是確保收到反饋的人也知道哪里做得好。)”可知，三明治式贊美技術(shù)不僅包括批評也包括贊揚。由此可知，設空處應提到這種反饋技術(shù)。故G項“This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback.(這種技術(shù)涉及在兩層正面反饋之間使用建設性的反饋)”符合要求。且空后的it指代的就是G項中的This technique。故選G 項。]
18．C　[根據(jù)圖示和第二段中“The process can be broken into three parts...the situation.”可知，這個反饋過程可以分為三個部分。經(jīng)理或上級首先要提供積極的反饋，鼓勵員工繼續(xù)做好他們的工作。之后，他們傳達建設性的反饋，讓這個人改進。這種反饋的目的是具體的、行為的和與情況相關(guān)的。由此可知，上文只解釋了兩個部分，因此設空處應填入最后一部分。C項“The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.(然后，經(jīng)理以積極的反饋結(jié)束反饋環(huán)節(jié))”符合邏輯。故選C項。]
19．B　[前面“...it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked.(……接受者更容易接受建設性的批評而不感到受到攻擊。)”提到了反饋接受方的反應。下文“but when you’re giving potentially negative feedback...with two compliments(但當你給出潛在的負面反饋時，當你同時提供兩個贊美時，這就更容易了)”提到反饋提出者更容易提供反饋，因此B項“Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.(同樣，提供者也更容易提供反饋)”符合邏輯，故選B項。]
20．A　[由后面的“Many people are knowledgeable about...thus reducing its value.(許多人都知道這種技術(shù)，如果操作不正確，這可能會使它聽起來不真誠或可預測。此外，當反饋成為一種常規(guī)時，員工會開始認為積極的反饋只是一種糖衣炮彈反饋的形式，從而降低其價值。)”可知，三明治式的反饋有其局限性。所以A項“It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.(不過，我們有必要意識到它的局限性)”符合邏輯。故選A項。](共57張PPT)
第三組　人與社會——社會服務與人際溝通
組合練(七)
閱讀提速練
Ⅰ.四選一閱讀
A
(2024·北京東城一模)
Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities for 2024 that provide a rewarding experience that will stay with you for life Every year thousands of teens choose to volunteer abroad with International Volunteer HQ(IVHQ)—the world’s most trusted provider of safe and affordable volunteer programs for teens.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇應用文，是International Volunteer HQ為志愿者提供的服務的廣告。
Service trips for teens are available in more than 50 destinations and there are 17 teen volunteer programs for 16 to 18-year-olds.Some of the best programs in 2024 include Turtle Conservation in Bali，Animal Care in Costa Rica and Childcare in Tanzania.Or，if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school，IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too!
Benefits for volunteers：
There is no doubt that volunteering as a teenager is a meaningful way to broaden your education and add experiences that will stand out on your college application.
Crossing boundaries to work with partners from different parts of the world fosters global understanding.
Living in a country different to your own means that you will be involved in a new culture，cuisine，and way of thinking.
Guaranteed support：
Chances are your parents will also want to learn more about IVHQ，whether or not they will go abroad with you.Having placed more than 130,000 volunteers abroad，we’re always happy to speak with parents to ensure all their questions are fielded.Through our online safety training，comprehensive information brochures，on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams，IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad.
If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective，please contact us.IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service.
1.What can IVHQ provide for a high school group
A.Rewards for volunteering. B.A free service trip.
C.An opportunity to study abroad. D.A specialized program.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末句“Or，if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school，IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too! ”可知，IVHQ能為高中團體提供一個專門的項目。故選D。
√
2.What does IVHQ promise to volunteers
A.Local teams’ assistance. B.Partners’ support.
C.College recommendation letters. D.Parents’ company.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Guaranteed support部分的“Through our online safety training，comprehensive information brochures，on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams，IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad.”可知，IVHQ對志愿者的承諾是當?shù)貓F隊的協(xié)助。故選A。
√
3.What is the main purpose of the passage
A.To advertise a service. B.To suggest a lifestyle.
C.To advocate volunteering. D.To introduce requirements.
寫作意圖題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段“If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective，please contact us.IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service.”可知，本文是International Volunteer HQ為志愿者提供的服務的廣告，因此目的是為一種服務做廣告。故選A。
√
B
(2024·山東濰坊模擬預測)
Michael and his wife，new residents in a San Francisco apartment，learned about their neighbor Jeff Dunan’s volunteer work for Bangladesh Relief，an organization that provides food，clothing and essential supplies for disadvantaged people in northern Bangladesh.Inspired，Michael donated $150 to Dunan’s GoFundMe campaign.However，a credit card notification alerted him to an unintended $15,041 charge.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了主人公邁克爾輸錯捐款金額后將故事分享到網(wǎng)上，結(jié)果吸引了更多人關(guān)注孟加拉國的情況，募集到了更多的資金。
When he saw the five-figure number，he was confused.Soon，it all made sense.Michael’s credit card number started with four and one.Clearly，he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor(光標) was still in the donation box.
Michael planned to call Dunan to explain，but before he had the chance to do that，he started receiving messages from Shohag Chandra，the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager，thanking him for his generous donation.After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name，Michael’s heart sank.He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation.Once his original contribution was refunded，he decided to donate $1,500.
Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale，he decided to share it publicly on social media，after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds.“The least I could do was take the time to post this story online and see if I could inspire other people to donate to the cause，” Michael said.
Little did he know，though，that the story would be seen far and wide，ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation.
According to Dunan，more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post.Michael has been stunned(震驚) by the ongoing outpouring of support.“Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction，” he said.“People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.”
4.How did Michael make the large donation
A.He input an incorrect amount.
B.He encountered a system error.
C.He was greatly inspired by Dunan.
D.He entered wrong credit card details.
√
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Michael’s credit card number started with four and one.Clearly，he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor(光標) was still in the donation box.”可知，邁克爾捐了一大筆錢，因為他輸入的金額不正確。故選A。
5.Why did Michael’s heart sink according to paragraph 3
A.He saw people in despair.
B.He failed to offer enough money.
C.He didn’t receive the full refund.
D.He realized the scale of his mistake.
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，此時他認識到自己的大筆捐款產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，所以開始后悔自己申請退款的舉動。故選D。
√
6.What motivated Michael to share the story on social media
A.Dunan’s request for publicity.
B.A desire for personal recognition.
C.The organization’s urgent need for funds.
D.Pressure from his family and friends.
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Although Michael had told his family...after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds.”可知，邁克爾是在杜南告訴他這個組織急需資金之后決定在網(wǎng)上分享這件事的。故選C。
√
7.What message does the story convey
A.Actions speak louder than words.
B.Many hands make light work.
C.Always prepare for a rainy day.
D.A good beginning is half of victory.
√
推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合最后一段可知，文章主要敘述了邁克爾為什么一開始決定捐款、捐款金額有誤的原因以及后續(xù)如何吸引了更多人捐款的故事。邁克爾在文章最后發(fā)出感慨：“People can be amazing when they come together...”，與B項“眾人拾柴火焰高”意思相近。故選B。
C
(2024·河北滄州一模)
The days of just teaching kids their ABCs are long gone.Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom：being self-aware，self-managing，socially aware，relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society.That is quite an ask!
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了社會情感學習(SEL)的概念以及應用。
Social-emotional learning(SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order.It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal(內(nèi)心的)，interpersonal，and cognitive competence.This process improves individual students’ skills and makes for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society.This theory truly allows individuals to develop well.
SEL has effectively predicted positive school adjustment in the school setting，promoted learning engagement，minimized discipline problems，increased high school graduation rates，and promoted future employment and adult health.A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions.Further，not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions，but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.
Developing an identity is necessary for maturing adults，and SEL satisfies this requirement.In assisting students in developing their identity，SEL helps to increase self-confidence，self-compassion，identification of strengths and needs，and recognition of needs，values，and judgments.
In the classroom，SEL has been shown to positively impact students’ attitudes，behaviors，and academic performance.Further，it decreases negative behaviors，such as being off-task or aggressive，and substance abuse.SEL enhances the learning environment and makes it a safe place for learning.
Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health，but it is also important for teachers’ mental health.SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management and decreases reports of teacher burnout.Ultimately，SEL creates a calmer classroom environment，which makes educating students much easier.
8.What does the underlined word “That” in paragraph 1 stand for
A.Teaching kids their ABCs.
B.Preparing students for life beyond class.
C.All the hopes placed on students.
D.Teaching students self-management.
√
代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom：being self-aware，self-managing，socially aware，relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society.”可知，現(xiàn)代教育工作者肩負著一項看似不可能的責任，那就是確保今天的年輕人在學術(shù)上為課堂之外的生活做好準備。故畫線詞指代的是“讓學生們?yōu)檎n堂之外的生活做好準備”。故選B。
9.What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2
A.How to be a successful learner.
B.How to meet the students’ needs.
C.What is needed for a community.
D.What is social-emotional learning.
√
段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Social-emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order.”以及“It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal(內(nèi)心的)，interpersonal，and cognitive competence.”可知，本段開頭引出了社會情感學習的概念，下文介紹了社會情感學習的作用。所以本段主要探討了什么是社會情感學習。故選D。
10.What is the most important part of SEL
A.Giving students a definite identity.
B.Allowing students to predict their future.
C.Guaranteeing students’ future employment.
D.Helping students understand and manage emotions.
√
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions.Further，not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions，but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.”可知，SEL的一個核心組成部分是幫助孩子們理解情緒，進而管理情緒。故選D。
11.What can we infer about SEL from the last paragraph
A.It is a win-win method. B.It is criticized by students.
C.It may make teachers tired. D.It is a magical tool for teachers.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health，but it is also important for teachers’ mental health.”可知，社會情感學習不僅對學生的心理健康至關(guān)重要，而且對老師的心理健康也很重要。由此可知，這是一個雙贏的方法。故選A。
D
(2024·山東臨沂一模)
When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972，he referred to his subjects—a Ugandan group called the Ik—as “the loveless people”. After two years of observations，he decided that they reflected humanity’s basest(最卑劣的) instincts(本能)：cheat，thievery，and pitilessness.But when Athena Aktipis and her colleagues from the Human Generosity Project took a deeper look，they identified a community that shared everything.“Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrous famine(饑荒).All he saw is what happens when people are starving，” says Aktipis.But her team revealed that despite living under pressure，the Ik placed a high value on helping one another when they could.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述Athena Aktipis通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，利他主義比進化社會科學長期以來認為的更為普遍和有益，可以通過合作建立一個對抗集體困難的制度。
Aktipis believes that altruism is more common and beneficial than evolutionary social science has long thought.“It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives，” she says.By studying the unique，selfless practices that helped nine communities across the world to continue to exist，the experts from the project are looking to show that we are indeed capable of widespread cooperation.
The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points.They rely on two-way friendships for resources like food or water when they’re in need，without expecting any repayment.Also，a world away，in New Mexico，while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return，they will assist without repayment if someone faces difficulties，such as an injury or the death of a loved one.
Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any interdependent systems.Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone.Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based on individual risk factors such as health histories and where people live，which means millions of Americans can’t afford it.But in a system built on neighboring，pooled costs(合并成本) would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters.
12.What did Turnbull think of the Ik people
A.Heartless. B.Helpful.
C.Restless. D.Generous.
觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“美國人類學家Colin Turnbull在1972年出版了《山民》，他把他的研究對象——一個叫作Ik的烏干達群體——稱為‘無愛的人’”可知，Turnbull認為Ik人很無情，故選A。
√
13.What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Trying to be strong and tough to survive.
B.Making full use of the surrounding resources.
C.Being devoted to themselves or their relatives.
D.Caring about the needs and happiness of others.
√
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段末句“但她的團隊透露，盡管生活在壓力之下，但Ik人非常重視在可能的情況下幫助他人”及畫線詞下文“人們被認為只會做有利于自己或親人的事情”可知，人們實際上比以往的學術(shù)觀點更傾向于幫助他人，故推測畫線詞應表示關(guān)心和幫助他人，與D項意義相近，故選D。
14.What does paragraph 3 intend to convey
A.Friendships guarantee a happy life.
B.Folks assist each other to get support.
C.Cooperation is a good and natural instinct.
D.People tend to provide resources for free.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中“……我們其實有能力進行廣泛合作”和第三段提到肯尼亞的馬賽人依靠雙向友誼互相幫助而不期望任何回報以及新墨西哥州的人們會為遇到困難的人無償提供幫助可知，本段旨在通過兩個例子表明合作是一種良好而自然的本能，故選C。
15.How does Aktipis intend to apply her findings
A.By designing a policy for public health.
B.By monitoring individual health histories.
C.By creating a system against collective hardship.
D.By lowering insurance prices for individual victims.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Aktipis認為，她通過研究這些群體而完善的理論框架可以廣泛應用于任何相互依存的系統(tǒng)”以及最后一句“但在一個建立在友鄰基礎上的體系中，在自然災害等集體困難時期，合并成本將減輕負擔”可知，Aktipis打算通過建立一個對抗集體困難的制度來應用她的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。
Ⅱ.七選五閱讀
(2024·山東濟寧二模)
Providing feedback is an essential part of personal and career development.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇關(guān)于如何提出反饋的議論文。作者提出三明治式“贊揚＋建設性意見＋贊揚”的反饋評價方法，這讓反饋方更有效率而接受反饋方不那么難堪，更容易接受建議。
16 One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich technique，sometimes also referred to as a compliment(贊美) sandwich.
A.It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.
B.Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.
C.The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.
D.The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication.
E.Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.
F.It may not be for every situation，but it can make negative feedback more digestible.
G.This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of
　positive feedback.
√
空前一句是“Providing feedback is an essential part...development.
(提供反饋是個人和職業(yè)發(fā)展的重要組成部分。)”，后面一句是“One of the...compliment(贊美) sandwich.(讓給予者和接受者都更容易接受的最有效和最經(jīng)典的方法之一是反饋三明治技術(shù)，有時也被稱為贊美三明治。)”，因此設空處應提出反饋的方法和有效性問題。E項“Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.(然而，如果做得不正確，發(fā)表建設性的批評可能是一個挑戰(zhàn))”符合要求。故選E項。
If you are seeking to enhance your career growth，learning about the feedback sandwich can be a game-changer. 17 Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong，it ensures that the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well.
A.It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.
B.Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.
C.The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.
D.The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication.
E.Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.
F.It may not be for every situation，but it can make negative feedback more digestible.
G.This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of
　positive feedback.
√
根據(jù)后面的“Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong...
what went well.(它不是簡單地關(guān)注哪里出了錯，而是確保收到反饋的人也知道哪里做得好。)”可知，三明治式贊美技術(shù)不僅包括批評也包括贊揚。由此可知，設空處應提到這種反饋技術(shù)。故G項“This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback.(這種技術(shù)涉及在兩層正面反饋之間使用建設性的反饋)”符合要求。且空后的it指代的就是G項中的This technique。故選G 項。
The process can be broken into three parts.A manager or superior starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue their good work.Afterward，they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve.This feedback aims to be specific，behavioral，and relevant to the situation. 18
A.It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.
B.Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.
C.The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.
D.The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication.
E.Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.
F.It may not be for every situation，but it can make negative feedback more digestible.
G.This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of
　positive feedback.
√
根據(jù)圖示和第二段中“The process can be broken into three parts...the situation.”可知，這個反饋過程可以分為三個部分。經(jīng)理或上級首先要提供積極的反饋，鼓勵員工繼續(xù)做好他們的工作。之后，他們傳達建設性的反饋，讓這個人改進。這種反饋的目的是具體的、行為的和與情況相關(guān)的。由此可知，上文只解釋了兩個部分，因此設空處應填入最后一部分。C項“The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.(然后，經(jīng)理以積極的反饋結(jié)束反饋環(huán)節(jié))”符合邏輯。故選C項。
The feedback sandwich technique is a highly useful method.It can help soften the blow of criticism.By starting and ending with positive feedback，it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked.
19 As we all know，criticism is awkward，but when you’re giving potentially negative feedback，it’s easier when you’re also serving it up with two compliments.
Additionally，it enables the meeting or an interaction to end on a positive note.
A.It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.
B.Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.
C.The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.
D.The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication.
E.Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.
F.It may not be for every situation，but it can make negative feedback more digestible.
G.This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of
　positive feedback.
√
前面“...it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked.(……接受者更容易接受建設性的批評而不感到受到攻擊。)”提到了反饋接受方的反應。下文“but when you’re giving potentially negative feedback...with two compliments(但當你給出潛在的負面反饋時，當你同時提供兩個贊美時，這就更容易了)”提到反饋提出者更容易提供反饋，因此B項“Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.(同樣，提供者也更容易提供反饋)”符合邏輯，故選B項。
20 Many people are knowledgeable about this technique，which might make it sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly.
A.It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.
B.Similarly，it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback.
C.The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback.
D.The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication.
E.Delivering constructive criticism，however，can be challenging if not done correctly.
F.It may not be for every situation，but it can make negative feedback more digestible.
G.This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of
　positive feedback.
√
由后面的“Many people are knowledgeable about...thus reducing its value.(許多人都知道這種技術(shù)，如果操作不正確，這可能會使它聽起來不真誠或可預測。此外，當反饋成為一種常規(guī)時，員工會開始認為積極的反饋只是一種糖衣炮彈反饋的形式，從而降低其價值。)”可知，三明治式的反饋有其局限性。所以A項“It’s essential to be aware of its limitations，though.(不過，我們有必要意識到它的局限性)”符合邏輯。故選A項。
Also，when feedback becomes a routine，employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugarcoating the negatives，thus reducing its value.Hence，positive feedback should not simply be seen as something to cushion the negative，but should be delivered so as to reinforce and encourage good performance.

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