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專題練(二十三)　連詞1—并列連詞
知考法　明考向：對連詞的考查涉及并列句、名詞性從句、狀語從句和定語從句等，是高考語法填空的重點和難點，也是考生的易錯點。考生在做題時要認(rèn)真分析句子成分，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個句子成分或句子之間存在并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果等關(guān)系，則要填并列連詞。
(每小題1.5分，共9分)
1．(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____________________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
2．(2024·浙江1月)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____________________ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
3．(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot.To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出)，______________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌頭)．
4．(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)So，what are they learning？Basically，how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ____________________ to see the pandas settle into their new home.
5．(2023·全國乙)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work，____________________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
6．(2023·浙江1月)During China’s dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing ____________________ arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
關(guān)系分析法
1．表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的有and，both...and...，not only...but (also)．..等。
2．表示選擇關(guān)系的有or，either...or...，not...but...等。
3．表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系的有but，while等。
4．表示因果關(guān)系的有so，for等。　
(2024·廣東茂名一模)
Recently，Chinese ①netizens expressed amazement at a map full of dotted signs.Wu Yunjie is the map maker，who is 1. (passion) about cultural relics.Clearly marking the country’s historical sites was once his pursuit，and now with perseverance and commitments 2. (come) the great moment he looks forward to.
In 2020，Wu started collecting information.Many historical sites cannot be located 3. (specific) and some information is not fully ②disclosed，for 4. he spent much time carrying out ③on-site visits.
Though facing difficulties，Wu has joy in this job.Now，the map includes nearly 10,000 historical landmarks using different colors 5. (represent) different categories: Red signs show the cultural relic sites under state protection，while green signs stand for the 6. (protect) historical sites by the provinces.Scattered like stars in the sky and 7. (tower) on the ground，numerous ancient tall architectures are also marked on the map.
The cultural relics recorded on the map account 8. less than 2% of the over 760,000 ④immovable cultural relics.“If possible，I’d like to document many cultural relics that 9. (lose) overseas for such a long time.Those treasures may not be able to return to their homeland at the moment,10. the stories they carry are what we need to see.”
語境猜詞 ①netizen＝(派)net＋izen____________________ ②disclose＝(派)dis＋close____________________ ③on-site＝(合)on＋site____________________ ④immovable＝(派)im＋mov(e)＋able____________________
(2024·江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模)
In May,2023，the National Museum of China(NMC) launched 11. (it) first ①original stage play，Joyful Songs In A Flourishing Age，as part of a project seeking to make cultural heritage active again.
Inspired by The Pottery Storyteller Beating A Drum，a piece in the NMC’s collection from the Eastern Han Dynasty,12. play presented a fantasy “dialogue” between the ancient ceramic(陶瓷的) figures and the audience while 13. (integrate) art forms such as drama，musical and opera.
Dialogues 14. time and space are happening in new ways at the NMC.The bronze exhibits from the Xia，Shang and Zhou Dynasties 15. (display) inside the NMC’s Ancient China exhibition hall often lead visitors 16. (impress) by ancient Chinese civilization.②Collectible cards featuring 17. (image) of the museum’s collections have also proven quite popular with visitors.
Since 2018，the NMC 18. (develop) virtual exhibition halls and published short videos on its social media platforms.Therefore，visitors can enjoy exhibitions online，③getting a taste of Chinese culture without even leaving their homes.Not only can cultural and creative products ④bridge gaps,19. they can also help visitors better relate to 20. (hide) cultural meanings.
語境猜詞 ①original(熟義：原來的；起初的)　生義(文義)：____________________ ②collectible＝(派)collect＋ible ____________________ ③get a taste of____________________ ④bridge(轉(zhuǎn))n.→v.____________________
(2024·湖南新高考教研聯(lián)盟一模)
It’s a race against time，as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves,21. UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The team 22. (devote) to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals(壁畫) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site，the construction of 23. takes about a thousand years，from the 4th century to the 14th century.The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over the 24. (century) on the ancient Silk Road.
Commonly 25. (see) “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking，as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves，and the deposition of salts.To restore a mural requires an ①all-rounder.Restorers should know painting，master the skills of a mason(石匠) and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics,26. (be) able to recognize the problems and their 27. (correspond) causes and deliver a solution.They must also select proper materials and tools，and conduct experiments,28. formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward.
The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than ②repainting them.When the restorers find some parts of murals missing 29. fading away，they never repaint them to create a “perfect” 30. (appear) in restoration.
語境猜詞 ①all-rounder＝(合)all＋rounder____________________ ②repaint＝(派)re＋paint ____________________
(2024·四川瀘州一模)
The Tang Dynasty opened a new age of prosperity and innovation in arts and technology.During this period，China was the 31. (large) and most influential country in the world.The Tang Dynasty is also considered by modern Chinese scholars as the golden age of Chinese poetry，when poetry 32. (reach) its peak.
In this age，poetry had developed well as the most important literary form，the writing of 33. became the feature of everyday life in China.Even Tang rulers were often poets themselves.Tang poets are perhaps the best 34. (know) and most admired of all Chinese literary figures.Furthermore，composing poems was introduced as one of the requirements in the Imperial Examination，which was held 35. (select) ①talents for the government.
During this long period of nearly 300 years，more than 50,000 poems 36. (create) by more than 2,200 poets from all walks of life.A book worth mention is 300 Tang poems by a Qing scholar Sun Zhu，a 37. (collect) of Tang poems which are very popular among people.Sun’s book became the best-seller soon after its publication.The ②compiler said，“38. (learn) Tang poems three hundred by heart，you can chant though you don’t know the art.”
Tang poems are characterized by 39. variety of forms，the beauty of imaginations and the broadness of themes.In general，Tang poetry has strict patterns，written in sentences of fixed length，usually with each line having five 40. seven characters long.
語境猜詞 ①talent (熟義：n.天賦，才能)　生義(文義)：n.____________________ ②compiler＝(派)compile＋r____________________
(2024·浙江二模)
The Chinese culture of Fengshui has a long history 41. is an important ①discipline in ancient Chinese civilization.Fengshui explores the relationship between humans and their environment，believing that geographic 42. (surround) and ②layouts have a profound impact 43. one’s life and fortune.It is believed that by arranging things 44. (appropriate)，one can ③harmonize the energies of the natural world.One of 45. core principles of Chinese Fengshui is the theory of Yin and Yang，and the Five Elements.According to this theory，the natural world 46. (classify) into five elements：wood，fire，earth，metal，and water.Fengshui makes use of these elements to balance the energy of the environment，hereby 47. (enhance) people’s well-being and fortune.Additionally，F(xiàn)engshui 48. (emphasis) the selection of directions and layouts to bring 49. (significance) changes to one’s life and fortune.Hence，in the construction and layout of houses，people plan and design 50. (base) on the principles of Fengshui.
語境猜詞 ①discipline(熟義：n.紀(jì)律)　生義(文義)：n.____________________ ②layout＝(合)lay＋out____________________ ③harmonize＝(派)harmony＋ize____________________
語境猜詞答案
一、①網(wǎng)民　②透露，公開　③現(xiàn)場的　④不能移動的；固定的
二、①獨創(chuàng)的；有獨創(chuàng)性的　②值得收藏的　③體驗一下　④消除
二、①全才；多才多藝者　②重畫；重漆
四、①人才　②匯編者
五、①知識領(lǐng)域；學(xué)科　②布局　③使協(xié)調(diào)
答案精析
做真題　悟技法
1．a(chǎn)nd　2.or　3.or　4.and　5.but/yet　6.and
練模擬　提能力
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了文物愛好者吳運杰制作的“全國文物古跡地圖”，記錄了全國近萬處歷史古跡的地點的故事。
1．passionate　[考查形容詞。句意：吳運杰是一名地圖繪制師，對文物有著濃厚的激情。根據(jù)空格前的 is可知，空格處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，根據(jù)句意“充滿激情的”是passionate。故填passionate。]
2．comes　[考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。空格處作謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語now可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語the great moment 為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填comes。]
3．specifically　[考查副詞。空格處作狀語，修飾謂語動詞，應(yīng)用副詞。故填specifically。]
4．which　[考查定語從句。此處是“for＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的句子“Many historical sites cannot be located ________(specific) and some information is not fully disclosed”，在從句中作介詞for的賓語，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)從句。故填which。]
5．to represent　[考查非謂語動詞。空格處作目的狀語，應(yīng)用動詞不定式形式。故填to represent。]
6．protected　[考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)空格后的名詞sites可知，應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語，被修飾名詞sites和動詞protect之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填protected。]
7．towering　[考查非謂語動詞。空格處作狀語，主語architectures和動詞tower之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填towering。]
8．for　[考查介詞。account for為固定搭配，意為“占比”。故填for。]
9．have been lost　[考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。空格處作定語從句的謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語for such a long time可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時；先行詞名詞復(fù)數(shù)relics和動詞lose之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填have been lost。]
10．but　[考查連詞。前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。故填but。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國國家博物館推出的第一部原創(chuàng)舞臺劇《盛世歡歌》，推動中華文化遺產(chǎn)復(fù)興。
11．its　[考查代詞。空處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its，作定語修飾first original stage play。故填its。]
12．the　[考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里特指前面提到的“Joyful Songs In A Flourishing Age”，應(yīng)填定冠詞the。故填the。]
13．integrating　[考查狀語從句的省略。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句主語與主句主語一致，且從句謂語中含有be動詞was，故本狀語從句省略了主語和be動詞。故填integrating。]
14．a(chǎn)cross　[考查介詞。根據(jù)空后的“time and space”和上文中的“a fantasy ‘dialogue’ between the ancient ceramic(陶瓷的) figures and the audience”可知，這里表示“跨越時空的對話”，應(yīng)用介詞across，意為“跨越，橫過”。故填across。]
15．displayed　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句的謂語是lead，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞。邏輯主語The bronze exhibits和display之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語。故填displayed。]
16．to be impressed　[考查非謂語動詞。lead sb to do sth意為“使某人做某事”，不定式作賓補，visitors和impress之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以這里應(yīng)用不定式的被動形式。故填to be impressed。]
17．images　[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。image意為“圖像”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空后的“of the museum’s collections”可知，這里表示不止一個圖像，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填images。]
18．has developed　[考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語“Since 2018”可知，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語為the NMC，謂語應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填has developed。]
19．but　[考查連詞。not only...but (also)．..為固定搭配，意為“不僅……而且……”。故填but。]
20．hidden　[考查形容詞。修飾名詞meanings，需用形容詞hidden“隱藏的”作定語。故填hidden。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要介紹了敦煌莫高窟壁畫的保護(hù)工作，包括保護(hù)的重要性、常見的壁畫“病害”以及修復(fù)壁畫所需要的技能和步驟。
21．a(chǎn)　[考查冠詞。World Heritage Site意為“世界遺產(chǎn)地”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處作Mogao Caves的同位語，表示“一處世界遺產(chǎn)地”，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾，UNESCO的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，用a修飾。故填a。]
22．is devoted　[考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。devote為及物動詞，此處要用其被動語態(tài)，與其后的to構(gòu)成固定搭配be devoted to“致力于”，根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處描述客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語The team表示一個整體，為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is devoted。]
23．which　[考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“the construction of ____ takes...the 14th century”是非限制性定語從句，先行詞指物，在從句中作賓語，關(guān)系詞用which。故填which。]
24．centuries　[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)上文提到這些文物的建造花了大約1 000年的時間以及本句的句意可知，此處表示“數(shù)百年間古絲綢之路上的文化交流”。故填centuries。]
25．seen　[考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞include，所以see用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語diseases之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動。故填seen。]
26．to be　[考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞should know，master和have，所以be用非謂語形式，根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。故填to be。]
27．corresponding　[考查形容詞。空后是名詞，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，corresponding意為“相應(yīng)的”。故填corresponding。]
28．before　[考查介詞。根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“在……之前”之意，用介詞before。故填before。]
29．or　[考查連詞。根據(jù)句意，此處表示“或者”，missing和fading away之間為選擇關(guān)系，用or連接。故填or。]
30．a(chǎn)ppearance　[考查名詞。空前是形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，appear的名詞形式是appearance。故填appearance。]
31．largest　[考查形容詞最高級。由句意及空前的the以及空后的and most influential country in the world可知此處應(yīng)填形容詞最高級largest，與most influential并列作定語，修飾country。故填largest。]
32．reached　[考查動詞時態(tài)。空處為從句的謂語動詞，動作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填reached。]
33．which　[考查非限制性定語從句。此處為“名詞/不定代詞/數(shù)詞＋of＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為literary form，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。]
34．known　[考查形容詞。由句意及空后的and most admired可知應(yīng)填過去分詞形式的形容詞known“有名的”，作表語。故填known。]
35．to select　[考查不定式。空處為非謂語動詞，由句意可知應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。故填to select。]
36．were created　[考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。空處為謂語動詞，動作發(fā)生在過去且主語poems與create之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。主語more than 50,000 poems為復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用were。故填were created。]
37．collection　[考查名詞。由句意及空前的a以及空后的of Tang poems可知此處應(yīng)填名詞形式collection，a collection of意為“……的作品集”。故填collection。]
38．Learning/Having learned　[考查非謂語動詞。空處為非謂語動詞，主語you與learn之間為主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動；由句意知此處也可用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示在主句動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作，作時間狀語。故填Learning/Having learned。]
39．the　[考查定冠詞。由句意及空后的“the beauty of imaginations and the broadness of themes”可知此處表示特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。]
40．or　[考查連詞。由句意及常識可知，唐詩每行的長度為五個字或七個字，即“五言七律”，空前后表示選擇關(guān)系，應(yīng)用表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞or。故填or。]
41．a(chǎn)nd　[考查連詞。空前has a long history和空后is an important discipline in ancient Chinese civilization為并列關(guān)系，用連詞and連接。故填and。]
42．surroundings　[考查名詞。空前geographic是形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，作that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的主語。surroundings意為“環(huán)境”，符合句意。故填surroundings。]
43．on/upon　[考查介詞。have a．..impact on/upon表示“對……有……的影響”，因此使用介詞on/upon，構(gòu)成固定短語。故填on/upon。]
44．a(chǎn)ppropriately　[考查副詞。修飾動名詞arranging應(yīng)使用副詞appropriately，作狀語。故填appropriately。]
45．the　[考查冠詞。表示“……之一”，用“one of the＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，因此本空用定冠詞the。故填the。]
46．is classified　[考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。結(jié)合語境可知本句陳述客觀事實，故時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語the natural world和動詞classify為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞用is。故填is classified。]
47．enhancing　[考查非謂語動詞。本句謂語為makes use of，此處為非謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意，此處需要現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填enhancing。]
48．emphasizes/emphasises　[考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，結(jié)合語境可知本句陳述客觀事實，故時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語Fengshui為第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語使用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填emphasizes/emphasises。]
49．significant　[考查形容詞。修飾名詞changes需用形容詞significant，作定語。故填significant。]
50．based　[考查非謂語動詞。be based on意為“以……為基礎(chǔ)”，此處省略be動詞，用過去分詞作方式狀語。故填based。](共49張PPT)
專題四　語法填空
專題練(二十三)
連詞1—并列連詞
對連詞的考查涉及并列句、名詞性從句、狀語從句和定語從句等，是高考語法填空的重點和難點，也是考生的易錯點。考生在做題時要認(rèn)真分析句子成分，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個句子成分或句子之間存在并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果等關(guān)系，則要填并列連詞。
知考法　明考向
內(nèi)容索引
做真題　悟技法
練模擬　提能力
1.(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
2.(2024·浙江1月)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
3.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot.To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出)， to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌頭).
做真題 悟技法
and
or
or
4.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)So，what are they learning？Basically，how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop to see the pandas settle into their new home.
5.(2023·全國乙)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work，__________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
6.(2023·浙江1月)During China’s dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
and
but/yet
and
關(guān)系分析法
1.表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的有and，both...and...，not only...but (also)...等。
2.表示選擇關(guān)系的有or，either...or...，not...but...等。
3.表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系的有but，while等。
4.表示因果關(guān)系的有so，for等。　
返回
技法點撥
一
(2024·廣東茂名一模)
Recently，Chinese ①netizens expressed amazement at a map full of dotted signs.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了文物愛好者吳運杰制作的“全國文物古跡地圖”，記錄了全國近萬處歷史古跡的地點的故事。
練模擬 提能力
Wu Yunjie is the map maker，who is 1. (passion) about cultural relics.Clearly marking the country’s historical sites was once his pursuit，and now with perseverance and commitments 2. (come) the great moment he looks forward to.
1.考查形容詞。句意：吳運杰是一名地圖繪制師，對文物有著濃厚的激情。根據(jù)空格前的 is可知，空格處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，根據(jù)句意“充滿激情的”是passionate。故填passionate。
2.考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。空格處作謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語now可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語the great moment 為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填comes。
passionate
comes
In 2020，Wu started collecting information.Many historical sites cannot be located 3. (specific) and some information is not fully ②disclosed，for 4. he spent much time carrying out ③on-site visits.
3.考查副詞。空格處作狀語，修飾謂語動詞，應(yīng)用副詞。故填specifically。
4.考查定語從句。此處是“for＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的句子“Many historical sites cannot be located _________
(specific) and some information is not fully disclosed”，在從句中作介詞for的賓語，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)從句。故填which。
specifically
which
Though facing difficulties，Wu has joy in this job.Now，the map includes nearly 10,000 historical landmarks using different colors 5.________________
(represent) different categories: Red signs show the cultural relic sites under state protection，while green signs stand for the 6. (protect) historical sites by the provinces.
to represent
5.考查非謂語動詞。空格處作目的狀語，應(yīng)用動詞不定式形式。故填to represent。
6.考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)空格后的名詞sites可知，應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語，被修飾名詞sites和動詞protect之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填protected。
protected
Scattered like stars in the sky and 7. (tower) on the ground，numerous ancient tall architectures are also marked on the map.
towering
考查非謂語動詞。空格處作狀語，主語architectures和動詞tower之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填towering。
The cultural relics recorded on the map account 8. less than 2% of the over 760,000 ④immovable cultural relics.“If possible，I’d like to document many cultural relics that 9. (lose) overseas for such a long time.
for
8.考查介詞。account for為固定搭配，意為“占比”。故填for。
9.考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。空格處作定語從句的謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語for such a long time可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時；先行詞名詞復(fù)數(shù)relics和動詞lose之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填have been lost。
have been lost
Those treasures may not be able to return to their homeland at the moment,10. the stories they carry are what we need to see.”
考查連詞。前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。故填but。
but
①netizen＝(派)net＋izen ______
②disclose＝(派)dis＋close ___________
③on-site＝(合)on＋site ________
④immovable＝(派)im＋mov(e)＋able ____________________
語境猜詞
網(wǎng)民
透露，公開
現(xiàn)場的
不能移動的；固定的
二
(2024·江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模)
In May,2023，the National Museum of China(NMC) launched 11._____(it) first ①original stage play，Joyful Songs In A Flourishing Age，as part of a project seeking to make cultural heritage active again.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國國家博物館推出的第一部原創(chuàng)舞臺劇《盛世歡歌》，推動中華文化遺產(chǎn)復(fù)興。
考查代詞。空處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its，作定語修飾first original stage play。故填its。
its
Inspired by The Pottery Storyteller Beating A Drum，a piece in the NMC’s collection from the Eastern Han Dynasty,12. play presented a fantasy “dialogue” between the ancient ceramic(陶瓷的) figures and the audience while 13. (integrate) art forms such as drama，musical and opera.
12.考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里特指前面提到的“Joyful Songs In A Flourishing Age”，應(yīng)填定冠詞the。故填the。
13.考查狀語從句的省略。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句主語與主句主語一致，且從句謂語中含有be動詞was，故本狀語從句省略了主語和be動詞。故填integrating。
the
integrating
Dialogues 14. time and space are happening in new ways at the NMC.
考查介詞。根據(jù)空后的“time and space”和上文中的“a fantasy ‘dialogue’ between the ancient ceramic(陶瓷的) figures and the audience”可知，這里表示“跨越時空的對話”，應(yīng)用介詞across，意為“跨越，橫過”。故填across。
across
The bronze exhibits from the Xia，Shang and Zhou Dynasties 15.___________
(display) inside the NMC’s Ancient China exhibition hall often lead visitors
16. (impress) by ancient Chinese civilization.
15.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句的謂語是lead，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞。邏輯主語The bronze exhibits和display之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語。故填displayed。
16.考查非謂語動詞。lead sb to do sth意為“使某人做某事”，不定式作賓補，visitors和impress之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以這里應(yīng)用不定式的被動形式。故填to be impressed。
to be impressed
displayed
②Collectible cards featuring 17. (image) of the museum’s collections have also proven quite popular with visitors.
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。image意為“圖像”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空后的“of the museum’s collections”可知，這里表示不止一個圖像，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填images。
images
Since 2018，the NMC 18. (develop) virtual exhibition halls and published short videos on its social media platforms.
考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語“Since 2018”可知，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語為the NMC，謂語應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填has developed。
has developed
Therefore，visitors can enjoy exhibitions online，③getting a taste of Chinese culture without even leaving their homes.Not only can cultural and creative products ④bridge gaps,19. they can also help visitors better relate to 20. (hide) cultural meanings.
19.考查連詞。not only...but (also)...為固定搭配，意為“不僅……而且……”。故填but。
20.考查形容詞。修飾名詞meanings，需用形容詞hidden“隱藏的”作定語。故填hidden。
but
hidden
①original(熟義：原來的；起初的)　生義(文義)： __________________
②collectible＝(派)collect＋ible ____________
③get a taste of __________
④bridge(轉(zhuǎn))n.→v. ______
語境猜詞
獨創(chuàng)的；有獨創(chuàng)性的
值得收藏的
體驗一下
消除
三
(2024·湖南新高考教研聯(lián)盟一模)
It’s a race against time，as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves,21. UNESCO World Heritage Site.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要介紹了敦煌莫高窟壁畫的保護(hù)工作，包括保護(hù)的重要性、常見的壁畫“病害”以及修復(fù)壁畫所需要的技能和步驟。
考查冠詞。World Heritage Site意為“世界遺產(chǎn)地”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處作Mogao Caves的同位語，表示“一處世界遺產(chǎn)地”，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾，UNESCO的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，用a修飾。故填a。
a
The team 22. (devote) to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals(壁畫) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site，the construction of 23. takes about a thousand years，from the 4th century to the 14th century.
22.考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。devote為及物動詞，此處要用其被動語態(tài)，與其后的to構(gòu)成固定搭配be devoted to“致力于”，根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處描述客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語The team表示一個整體，為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is devoted。
23.考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“the construction of takes...the 14th century”是非限制性定語從句，先行詞指物，在從句中作賓語，關(guān)系詞用which。故填which。
is devoted
which
The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over the 24. (century) on the ancient Silk Road.
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)上文提到這些文物的建造花了大約1 000年的時間以及本句的句意可知，此處表示“數(shù)百年間古絲綢之路上的文化交流”。故填centuries。
centuries
Commonly 25. (see) “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking，as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves，and the deposition of salts.
考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞include，所以see用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語diseases之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動。故填seen。
seen
To restore a mural requires an ①all-rounder.Restorers should know painting，master the skills of a mason(石匠) and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics,26. (be) able to recognize the problems and their 27. (correspond) causes and deliver a solution.
26.考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞should know，master和have，所以be用非謂語形式，根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。故填to be。
27.考查形容詞。空后是名詞，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，corresponding意為“相應(yīng)的”。故填corresponding。
to be
corresponding
They must also select proper materials and tools，and conduct experiments,28. formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward.
考查介詞。根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“在……之前”之意，用介詞before。故填before。
before
The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than ②repainting them.When the restorers find some parts of murals missing 29. fading away，they never repaint them to create a “perfect” 30. (appear) in restoration.
29.考查連詞。根據(jù)句意，此處表示“或者”，missing和fading away之間為選擇關(guān)系，用or連接。故填or。
30.考查名詞。空前是形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，appear的名詞形式是appearance。故填appearance。
or
appearance
①all-rounder＝(合)all＋rounder ____________________
②repaint＝(派)re＋paint ____________
語境猜詞
全才；多才多藝者
重畫；重漆
四
(2024·四川瀘州一模)
The Tang Dynasty opened a new age of prosperity and innovation in arts and technology.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了唐朝詩歌的發(fā)展。
During this period，China was the 31. (large) and most influential country in the world.
考查形容詞最高級。由句意及空前的the以及空后的and most influential country in the world可知此處應(yīng)填形容詞最高級largest，與most influential并列作定語，修飾country。故填largest。
largest
The Tang Dynasty is also considered by modern Chinese scholars as the golden age of Chinese poetry，when poetry 32. (reach) its peak.
考查動詞時態(tài)。空處為從句的謂語動詞，動作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填reached。
reached
In this age，poetry had developed well as the most important literary form，the writing of 33. became the feature of everyday life in China.Even Tang rulers were often poets themselves.
考查非限制性定語從句。此處為“名詞/不定代詞/數(shù)詞＋of＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為literary form，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
which
Tang poets are perhaps the best 34. (know) and most admired of all Chinese literary figures.Furthermore，composing poems was introduced as one of the requirements in the Imperial Examination，which was held 35. (select) ①talents for the government.
34.考查形容詞。由句意及空后的and most admired可知應(yīng)填過去分詞形式的形容詞known“有名的”，作表語。故填known。
35.考查不定式。空處為非謂語動詞，由句意可知應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。故填to select。
known
to select
During this long period of nearly 300 years，more than 50,000 poems 36. (create) by more than 2,200 poets from all walks of life.
考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。空處為謂語動詞，動作發(fā)生在過去且主語poems與create之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。主語more than 50,000 poems為復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用were。故填were created。
were created
A book worth mention is 300 Tang poems by a Qing scholar Sun Zhu，a 37. (collect) of Tang poems which are very popular among people.
考查名詞。由句意及空前的a以及空后的of Tang poems可知此處應(yīng)填名詞形式collection，a collection of意為“……的作品集”。故填collection。
collection
Sun’s book became the best-seller soon after its publication.The ②compiler said，“38. (learn) Tang poems three hundred by heart，you can chant though you don’t know the art.”
考查非謂語動詞。空處為非謂語動詞，主語you與learn之間為主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動；由句意知此處也可用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示在主句動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作，作時間狀語。故填Learning/Having learned。
Learning/Having learned
Tang poems are characterized by 39. variety of forms，the beauty of imaginations and the broadness of themes.In general，Tang poetry has strict patterns，written in sentences of fixed length，usually with each line having five 40. seven characters long.
39.考查定冠詞。由句意及空后的“the beauty of imaginations and the broadness of themes”可知此處表示特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。
40.考查連詞。由句意及常識可知，唐詩每行的長度為五個字或七個字，即“五言七律”，空前后表示選擇關(guān)系，應(yīng)用表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞or。故填or。
the
or
①talent (熟義：n.天賦，才能)　生義(文義)：n.______
②compiler＝(派)compile＋r ________
語境猜詞
人才
匯編者
五
(2024·浙江二模)
The Chinese culture of Fengshui has a long history 41. is an important ①discipline in ancient Chinese civilization.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國的“風(fēng)水”文化。
考查連詞。空前has a long history和空后is an important discipline in ancient Chinese civilization為并列關(guān)系，用連詞and連接。故填and。
and
Fengshui explores the relationship between humans and their environment，believing that geographic 42. (surround) and ②layouts have a profound impact 43. one’s life and fortune.
42.考查名詞。空前geographic是形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，作that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的主語。surroundings意為“環(huán)境”，符合句意。故填surroundings。
43.考查介詞。have a...impact on/upon表示“對……有……的影響”，因此使用介詞on/upon，構(gòu)成固定短語。故填on/upon。
surroundings
on/upon
It is believed that by arranging things 44. (appropriate)，one can ③harmonize the energies of the natural world.
考查副詞。修飾動名詞arranging應(yīng)使用副詞appropriately，作狀語。故填appropriately。
appropriately
One of 45. core principles of Chinese Fengshui is the theory of Yin and Yang，and the Five Elements.
考查冠詞。表示“……之一”，用“one of the＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，因此本空用定冠詞the。故填the。
the
According to this theory，the natural world 46. (classify) into five elements：wood，fire，earth，metal，and water.
考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。結(jié)合語境可知本句陳述客觀事實，故時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語the natural world和動詞classify為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞用is。故填is classified。
is classified
Fengshui makes use of these elements to balance the energy of the environment，hereby 47. (enhance) people’s well-being and fortune.
考查非謂語動詞。本句謂語為makes use of，此處為非謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意，此處需要現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填enhancing。
enhancing
Additionally，F(xiàn)engshui 48. (emphasis) the selection of directions and layouts to bring 49. (significance) changes to one’s life and fortune.
48.考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，結(jié)合語境可知本句陳述客觀事實，故時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語Fengshui為第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語使用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填emphasizes/emphasises。
49.考查形容詞。修飾名詞changes需用形容詞significant，作定語。故填significant。
emphasizes/emphasises
significant
Hence，in the construction and layout of houses，people plan and design 50. (base) on the principles of Fengshui.
考查非謂語動詞。be based on意為“以……為基礎(chǔ)”，此處省略be動詞，用過去分詞作方式狀語。故填based。
based
①discipline(熟義：n.紀(jì)律)　生義(文義)：n._________________
②layout＝(合)lay＋out ______
③harmonize＝(派)harmony＋ize __________
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