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專題四　語法填空
專題練(二十一)　謂語動詞
知考法　明考向：語法填空考查考生的語法知識掌握情況和理解上下文語境的能力，要求考生具備語法知識、語篇知識、單詞拼寫和邏輯推理能力。動詞是歷年高考語法填空題的必考點，常考查謂語動詞 時態、語態和主謂一致 。解題時要先考慮時態，可以根據句中的時間狀語或語篇提示確定時態，然后考慮語態，最后還要注意主謂一致。
(每小題1.5分，共15分)
1．(2024·新課標Ⅰ)Further，the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____________________(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road，by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
2．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ____________________(be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.”
3．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later，a six meter tall pavilion，inspired by The Peony Pavilion，____________________(build) at the Firs Garden，just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
4．(2024·全國甲)On a cool，starry night in mid September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in what is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____________________(be) part of a 15 member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should ____________________(do) with such a beautiful place
5．(2024·浙江1月)Over the last two years，some supermarkets ________________________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions(份)．
6．(2024·浙江1月)However，though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages，it would help even more if they could sometimes ________________________(offer) in smaller packs.
7．(2023·新課標Ⅱ)As a little girl，I ____________________(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now，I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
8．(2023·全國乙)The remarkable development of this city，which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world，____________________(mean) there is always something new to discover here，and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
9．(2023·浙江1月)In the Ming Dynasty，the Center was the Forbidden City，surrounded in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes ________________(permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
10．(2023·全國甲)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ________________(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
第一步　確定謂語動詞
分析句子結構來判斷該句是簡單句、并列句還是復合句。若是簡單句，主語后面的就是謂語動詞；若是并列句，前后兩個句子都要有自己的謂語動詞；若是復合句，主句和從句都要有自己的謂語動詞。
第二步　確定謂語動詞的形式
1．根據語境、并列謂語、時間標志詞等確定用哪種時態；
2．根據主語與謂語之間是主動關系還是被動關系確定語態；
3．根據主語的單復數確定謂語動詞的數，做到主謂一致。
(2024·江蘇南京、鹽城一模)
Incense(香) boasts a long history,1. its roots in many cultures—ancient China，ancient Egypt，Babylon and beyond.People from all walks of life benefit from its countless qualities，whether they use it for pleasure 2. as medicine.
Since the Tang and Song dynasties，burning incense，hanging paintings，making tea，and enjoying music have been known as the “four arts for literati(文人)”.3. (make) from seeds，leaves and flowers，incense has been used as an enjoyable 4. (pursue) for scholars.
Moreover，medical incense is an essential part of Traditional Chinese Medicine，which considers ①preventative healthcare as 5. far superior form of treatment when illness ②strikes.
6． (basic)，medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment，protecting people against infections.It is also believed 7. (possess) the ability to balance the flow of Qi，a vital energy force within the body.Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in，they soon find 8. (they) way into the bloodstream.From there they go directly to the organs 9. treatment assistance is needed.The specific types of incense 10. (choose) based on the individual’s condition，aiming to restore balance and promote well-being.
語境猜詞 ①preventative＝(派)prevent＋ative____________________ ②strike(熟義：打；擊)　生義(文義)：____________________
(2024·湖北三模)
Shoushan Stone was first discovered in Shoushan，Fuzhou.For centuries，craftsmen have been carving stones primarily 11. (①mine) from the Shoushan village.The stones are carved 12. figures，animals and many other artworks.
The Charm of Shoushan Stone,13. ongoing exhibition at the National Art Museum of China,14. (gather) antique and modern objects which introduce the tradition of stone carving in Fujian.It offers a visual introduction to both the fine quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills required 15. (process) it.On show at the exhibition are seals(印章) made from excellent examples of the stone,16. were sought after among the literati(文人墨客) of the Ming and Qing dynasties.There are also mini sculptures which show craftsmen’s different 17. (approach) to carving Shoushan Stone based on its rich color schemes：a red and yellow stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains，flowers and fruits，a black one for trees and stones 18. a grey one for clouds.
So far，Shoushan Stone,19. (official) named “China National Stone”，20. (become) a symbol of elegance，dignity and wisdom，which is worthy of collection.
語境猜詞 ①mine(轉) n．→v.____________________
(2024·浙江紹興一模)
In China，even for the most accomplished chefs，cooking 21. (involve) improvising with the ingredients on hand：feel and taste.For the Chinese，the idea of exact time and amounts in cooking is an alien concept.In fact，times and measuring cups won’t 22. (find) in a traditional Chinese kitchen.Nor will a Chinese cook asked 23. he or she makes a particular dish respond with clear 24. (quantity) of ingredients and an exact cooking time，for such concrete instructions are almost ①nonexistent in the world of Chinese cuisine.
25． (make) Chinese food can be very time-consuming.One reason is 26. the preparation before the actual cooking takes time，as ingredients for the same dish are 27. (typical) cut into uniform shapes，and ②preferably into ③bite-sized pieces.Chinese cooking employs different methods according to the nature of the ingredients，the 28. (long) of cooking time，and the degree of heat.The major emphasis，though，is on enhancing the natural flavor of ingredients，as well as retaining nutrients.
Almost every Chinese kitchen has 29. bamboo steamer.In this method，foods are put in the steamer above boiling water.This technique preserves the colors，flavors，and nutrients of the food.A good cook knows which techniques to use 30. (combine) the natural flavors of the ingredients for the best taste and nutrition.
語境猜詞 ①nonexistent＝(派)non＋existent____________________ ②preferably＝(派)preferabl(e)＋y____________________ ③bite sized＝(合)bite＋sized____________________
(2024·湖南二模)
Butter ①arguably makes everything better—even tea.Yak(牦牛) butter tea，a traditional drink of China’s Tibetan ethnic group，is ②catching on with its 31. (salt) and unexpected flavor.
For Jason，who works at Café Himalaya in New York City,32. butter in the cup of tea before him ideally comes from a yak.33. ，in New York yak butter is pretty hard to come by，so Jason，as well as anyone who orders it at Café Himalaya，has to make do with butter 34. a cow.Back in Xizang，yak butter is plentiful，yet no one knows exactly when yak butter 35. (add) to hot tea for the first time.
The 36. (introduce) of this hot butter tea to Xizang provided Tibetans with warmth and supplemented their meager(貧乏的) diet.Also known as Tibetan medicine，it is believed to be able to 37. (sharp) one’s mind and body.Today it is part of Tibetan hospitality to offer guests butter tea and refill the bowl again and again until it’s time for goodbyes—at which point a polite guest will drink up 38. is left.
To non-Tibetans，yak butter may taste strange at first as it makes for a very different taste than the sweet butter 39. (produce) by ③corn-fed cows.Some of them find it helpful 40. (think) of it as a sort of ④light soup rather than as tea.
語境猜詞 ①arguably＝(派)argu(e)＋abl(e)＋y____________________ ②catch on ____________________ ③corn fed＝(合)corn＋fed____________________ ④light (熟義：adj.輕的)　生義(文義)：adj.____________________
(2024·廣東梅州二模)
The Yinxu Museum opens in Anyang，Henan Province，to display the brilliance of the 3,000-year-old Shang civilization.
Nearly 4,000 unearthed cultural relics are displayed in the museum.More than three quarters of these have never been 41. (public) exhibited before.The 23 vehicles unearthed from Yinxu are the 42. (highlight) in the new galleries.Also on display 43. (be) Shang relics collected from across the rest of present-day China.
The Yinxu Ruins,44. (list) as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006，hosted a later period Shang capital city.The site also produced rich findings of 3,300-year-old bones,45. (reveal) the oldest-known established writing system of Chinese characters,46. are extraordinary and serve as a vital link in the development of the Chinese nation.
Many key breakthroughs 47. (make) in recent years at the Yinxu site and its surrounding areas.For example,48. urban road system and the ①remains of an artificial lake in the royal area were found.
These discoveries further displayed a grand picture of a capital city 49. carried forward the project of ②tracking the origins of the Chinese civilization.Through the exhibits，the public can comprehensively understand the achievements made by the Shang Dynasty in terms 50. politics，economy，agriculture，military affairs，among others.
語境猜詞 ①remains (熟義：n.剩余物)　生義(文義)：n.____________________ ②track (熟義：n.蹤跡)　生義(文義)：v.____________________
語境猜詞答案
一、①預防性的　②侵襲
二、①開采
三、①不存在的　②更合意地，最好是　③一口能吃下的
四、①可論證地；按理　②受歡迎；流行起來　③用谷物喂養的；健壯的　④清淡的
五、①遺址；遺跡　②追蹤
答案精析
做真題　悟技法
1．walks　2.were　3.was built　4.were　be done　5.have started　6.be offered　7.wished　8.means　9.were permitted　10.be employed
練模擬　提能力
1．with　[考查介詞。分析句子，“____ its roots in many cultures”在句中作狀語，應使用介詞與后面的its roots in many cultures構成with的復合結構。故填with。]
2．or　[考查連詞。分析句子，此處是whether...or...引導的讓步狀語從句，意為“無論是……還是……”。故填or。]
3．Made　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子，句中has been used為謂語動詞，設空處使用非謂語動詞，同時incense與make之間是被動關系，故使用過去分詞作狀語。同時該空置于句首，開頭單詞首字母大寫。故填Made。]
4．pursuit　[考查名詞。根據空前的an enjoyable可知，設空處使用pursue的名詞形式pursuit。故填pursuit。]
5．a　[考查冠詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“一種……的形式”，故使用不定冠詞；同時空后的far的首字母發音為輔音音素。故填a。]
6．Basically　[考查副詞。分析句子，設空處使用basic的副詞形式basically作狀語，修飾整個句子，意為“基本上”，同時該空置于句首，開頭單詞首字母大寫。故填Basically。]
7．to possess　[考查非謂語動詞。“主語＋be＋過去分詞＋to do”為固定句式，句中It指代上文中的medical incense，在句中作主語。故填to possess。]
8．their　[考查代詞。根據句意，設空處使用they的形容詞性物主代詞their作定語。故填their。]
9．where　[考查定語從句。分析句子，設空處引導定語從句修飾先行詞organs，引導詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where。故填where。]
10．are chosen　[考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子，設空處在句中作謂語，句子表述客觀事實，故使用一般現在時。同時The specific types of incense與choose之間是被動關系，故使用一般現在時的被動語態。主語為復數，be動詞用are。故填are chosen。]
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了壽山石的起源和傳統雕刻工藝，它已被正式命名為“中國國石”，成為優雅、尊貴和智慧的象征，值得收藏。
11．mined　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句意和句子結構可知，空處在句子中作后置定語，修飾stones。mine在此處用作動詞，意為“開采”，它和stones之間為被動關系，因此使用過去分詞形式，故填mined。]
12．into　[考查介詞。固定短語be carved into意為“被雕刻成”，故填into。]
13．an　[考查冠詞。空處修飾可數名詞exhibition，表示泛指，故使用不定冠詞；ongoing的發音以元音音素開頭，故填an。]
14．gathers　[考查時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，gather在句中作謂語，結合下文的“offers”可知，此處用一般現在時，并且主語“The Charm of Shoushan Stone”為單數，故填gathers。]
15．to process　[考查非謂語動詞。require...to do sth需要……做某事，require的賓語是skills，故填to process。]
16．which　[考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導非限制性定語從句，seals是先行詞，它在從句中作主語，指物，因此使用which引導定語從句，故填which。]
17．approaches　[考查名詞復數。approach是可數名詞，前有different 修飾，需要變復數，故填approaches。]
18．and　[考查連詞。分析句子結構可知，“a red and yellow stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains，flowers and fruits”和“a black one for trees and stones ”以及“a grey one for clouds”之間為并列關系，所以用并列連詞and來連接，故填and。]
19．officially　[考查副詞。空處使用副詞作狀語修飾過去分詞named，故填officially。]
20．has become　[考查時態和主謂一致。根據句中的“So far”可知，become使用現在完成時，主語Shoushan Stone為第三人稱單數，故填has become。]
21．involves　[考查時態和主謂一致。設空處在句中作謂語，敘述客觀事實，應用一般現在時，主語為cooking，謂語動詞應用單數形式，故填involves。]
22．be found　[考查動詞語態。設空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語之間是被動關系，所以用被動語態，空前為won’t，所以be動詞用動詞原形，故填be found。]
23．how　[考查賓語從句。設空處引導賓語從句且在句中作方式狀語，應用how。故填how。]
24．quantities　[考查名詞復數。設空處應用名詞形式作介詞with的賓語，前無限定詞，應用復數形式。故填quantities。]
25．Making　[考查非謂語動詞。設空處為非謂語動詞在句中作主語，doing主要用來表示經常性、習慣性、抽象性發生的行為，設空處應用動名詞作主語，位于句首，首字母應大寫。故填Making。]
26．that　[考查表語從句。設空處引導表語從句，從句句意完整不缺成分，應用只起連接作用、無實義的that引導。故填that。]
27．typically　[考查副詞。設空處修飾謂語動詞，應用副詞typically，作狀語。故填typically。]
28．length　[考查名詞。設空處作介詞的賓語，應用名詞length，表示抽象概念，為不可數名詞。故填length。]
29．a　[考查冠詞。設空處后為單數名詞，泛指“一個蒸籠”，應用不定冠詞，空后bamboo為輔音音素開頭的單詞，應用a。故填a。]
30．to combine　[考查非謂語動詞。設空處在句中為非謂語，固定短語use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”。故填to combine。]
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了酥油茶作為中國藏族的一種傳統飲品，以其偏咸而又意想不到的味道而流行起來。
31．salty　[考查形容詞。由and連接的unexpected為形容詞可知，此處也應為形容詞形式，共同作定語修飾名詞flavor。故填salty。]
32．the　[考查冠詞。根據句意以及空后的in the cup of tea before him可知，此處特指“他面前那杯茶里的黃油”，所以為定冠詞the的填入。故填the。]
33．However/Nevertheless　[考查副詞。根據前后句意可知，此處填副詞However/Nevertheless表示轉折，滿足上下句邏輯關系。故填However/Nevertheless。]
34．from　[考查介詞。根據句意以及空后的a cow可知，此處為介詞from，表示“來自”，滿足句意要求。故填from。]
35．was added　[考查時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可知，此處在when引導的時間狀語從句中作謂語，從句主語yak butter與add為被動關系，要用被動語態，結合時間狀語for the first time可知，此處應為一般過去時，主語yak butter為單數。故填was added。]
36．introduction　[考查名詞。分析句子結構并由空前定冠詞The可知，此處為名詞形式作主語。故填introduction。]
37．sharpen　[考查動詞。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語be able to do sth“能夠做某事”，所以設空處為動詞原形。故填sharpen。]
38．what　[考查賓語從句。分析句子可知，此處為連接代詞what引導的賓語從句，what在從句中作主語，意為“……的東西”。故填what。]
39．produced　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞作后置定語修飾butter，butter和produce為被動關系，所以填過去分詞形式。故填produced。]
40．to think　[考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此處為固定句型sb find it＋adj.＋to do sth，表示“某人發現做某事是……的”，其中it是形式賓語，動詞不定式to do作真正的賓語。故填to think。]
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了河南安陽的殷墟博物館及其所展示的擁有3 000年歷史的商代文明，以及近年來在殷墟遺址及其周邊地區取得的重要考古發現。
41．publicly　[考查副詞。設空處在句子中作狀語，修飾后面的動詞，使用副詞，故填publicly。]
42．highlights　[考查名詞復數。設空處在句子中作表語，由句意可知，highlight在此處用作可數名詞，意為“最精彩的部分”；根據主語“23 vehicles”為復數可知，設空處應用復數，故填highlights。]
43．are　[考查時態和主謂一致。此處是倒裝結構，設空處在句子中作謂語，根據上文時態可知，此處同樣使用一般現在時；主語是Shang relics，謂語動詞用復數形式。故填are。]
44．listed　[考查非謂語動詞。設空處在句子中作后置定語，修飾The Yinxu Ruins；因list與The Yinxu Ruins之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，所以使用過去分詞，故填listed。]
45．revealing　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構和句意可知，設空處需填入非謂語動詞作狀語，表示自然而然的結果，所以使用現在分詞形式，故填revealing。]
46．which　[考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，設空處引導一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Chinese characters，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，應該使用關系代詞which，故填which。]
47．have been made　[考查時態、語態和主謂一致。設空處在句子中作謂語，因make與主語之間為被動關系，故使用被動語態，根據時間狀語in recent years可知，句子表示的是過去發生的動作對現在的影響，故謂語動詞使用現在完成時，主語為復數，助動詞用have，故填have been made。]
48．an　[考查冠詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“一個”含義，需填不定冠詞。因設空處后面urban的發音為元音音素開頭，故填an。]
49．and　[考查連詞。分析句子結構和句意可知，“displayed a grand picture of a capital city(展現了一幅都城宏偉圖景)”和“carried forward the project of tracking the origins of the Chinese civilization(推進了追蹤中華文明起源的項目)”之間為并列關系，需填入表示并列關系的連詞，故填and。]
50．of　[考查介詞。in terms of為固定短語，意為“在……方面”，符合句意，故填of。](共43張PPT)
專題四　語法填空
專題練(二十一)
謂語動詞
語法填空考查考生的語法知識掌握情況和理解上下文語境的能力，要求考生具備語法知識、語篇知識、單詞拼寫和邏輯推理能力。動詞是歷年高考語法填空題的必考點，常考查謂語動詞(時態、語態和主謂一致)。解題時要先考慮時態，可以根據句中的時間狀語或語篇提示確定時態，然后考慮語態，最后還要注意主謂一致。
知考法　明考向
內容索引
做真題　悟技法
練模擬　提能力
1.(2024·新課標Ⅰ)Further，the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road，by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
2.(2024·新課標Ⅱ)“Some of the things that Tang was writing about _______(be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.”
做真題 悟技法
walks
were
3.(2024·新課標Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later，a six-meter-tall pavilion，inspired by The Peony Pavilion， (build) at the Firs Garden，just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
4.(2024·全國甲)On a cool，starry night in mid-September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in what is now northwestern Wyoming. They (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should (do) with such a beautiful place
was built
were
be done
5.(2024·浙江1月)Over the last two years，some supermarkets _____________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions(份).
6.(2024·浙江1月)However，though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages，it would help even more if they could sometimes ___________(offer) in smaller packs.
7.(2023·新課標Ⅱ)As a little girl，I (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now，I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
have started
be offered
wished
8.(2023·全國乙)The remarkable development of this city，which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world， (mean) there is always something new to discover here，and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
9.(2023·浙江1月)In the Ming Dynasty，the Center was the Forbidden City，surrounded in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
means
were permitted
10.(2023·全國甲)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
be employed
第一步　確定謂語動詞
分析句子結構來判斷該句是簡單句、并列句還是復合句。若是簡單句，主語后面的就是謂語動詞；若是并列句，前后兩個句子都要有自己的謂語動詞；若是復合句，主句和從句都要有自己的謂語動詞。
第二步　確定謂語動詞的形式
1.根據語境、并列謂語、時間標志詞等確定用哪種時態；
2.根據主語與謂語之間是主動關系還是被動關系確定語態；
3.根據主語的單復數確定謂語動詞的數，做到主謂一致。
返回
技法點撥
一
(2024·江蘇南京、鹽城一模)
Incense(香) boasts a long history,1. its roots in many cultures—ancient China，ancient Egypt，Babylon and beyond.People from all walks of life benefit from its countless qualities，whether they use it for pleasure 2. as medicine.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是香的廣泛用途。
練模擬 提能力
with
or
1.考查介詞。分析句子，“ its roots in many cultures”在句中作狀語，應使用介詞與后面的its roots in many cultures構成with的復合結構。故填with。
2.考查連詞。分析句子，此處是whether...or...引導的讓步狀語從句，意為“無論是……還是……”。故填or。
Since the Tang and Song dynasties，burning incense，hanging paintings，making tea，and enjoying music have been known as the “four arts for literati(文人)”.3. (make) from seeds，leaves and flowers，incense has been used as an enjoyable 4. (pursue) for scholars.
3.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子，句中has been used為謂語動詞，設空處使用非謂語動詞，同時incense與make之間是被動關系，故使用過去分詞作狀語。同時該空置于句首，開頭單詞首字母大寫。故填Made。
4.考查名詞。根據空前的an enjoyable可知，設空處使用pursue的名詞形式pursuit。故填pursuit。
Made
pursuit
Moreover，medical incense is an essential part of Traditional Chinese Medicine，which considers ①preventative healthcare as 5.____ far superior form of treatment when illness ②strikes.
考查冠詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“一種……的形式”，故使用不定冠詞；同時空后的far的首字母發音為輔音音素。故填a。
a
6. (basic)，medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment，protecting people against infections.It is also believed 7.___________(possess) the ability to balance the flow of Qi，a vital energy force within the body.
Basically
to possess
6.考查副詞。分析句子，設空處使用basic的副詞形式basically作狀語，修飾整個句子，意為“基本上”，同時該空置于句首，開頭單詞首字母大寫。故填Basically。
7.考查非謂語動詞。“主語＋be＋過去分詞＋to do”為固定句式，句中It指代上文中的medical incense，在句中作主語。故填to possess。
Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in，they soon find 8.________
(they) way into the bloodstream.From there they go directly to the organs 9.________
treatment assistance is needed.The specific types of incense 10. (choose) based on the individual’s condition，aiming to restore balance and promote well-being.
their
where
are chosen
8.考查代詞。根據句意，設空處使用they的形容詞性物主代詞their作定語。故填their。
9.考查定語從句。分析句子，設空處引導定語從句修飾先行詞organs，引導詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where。故填where。
10.考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子，設空處在句中作謂語，句子表述客觀事實，故使用一般現在時。同時The specific types of incense與choose之間是被動關系，故使用一般現在時的被動語態。主語為復數，be動詞用are。故填are chosen。
①preventative＝(派)prevent＋ative __________
②strike(熟義：打；擊)　生義(文義)： ______
語境猜詞
預防性的
侵襲
二
(2024·湖北三模)
Shoushan Stone was first discovered in Shoushan，Fuzhou.For centuries，craftsmen have been carving stones primarily 11. (①mine) from the Shoushan village.The stones are carved 12. figures，animals and many other artworks.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了壽山石的起源和傳統雕刻工藝，它已被正式命名為“中國國石”，成為優雅、尊貴和智慧的象征，值得收藏。
11.考查非謂語動詞。分析句意和句子結構可知，空處在句子中作后置定語，修飾stones。mine在此處用作動詞，意為“開采”，它和stones之間為被動關系，因此使用過去分詞形式，故填mined。
12.考查介詞。固定短語be carved into意為“被雕刻成”，故填into。
mined
into
The Charm of Shoushan Stone,13. ongoing exhibition at the National Art Museum of China,14. (gather) antique and modern objects which introduce the tradition of stone carving in Fujian.
13.考查冠詞。空處修飾可數名詞exhibition，表示泛指，故使用不定冠詞；ongoing的發音以元音音素開頭，故填an。
14.考查時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，gather在句中作謂語，結合下文的“offers”可知，此處用一般現在時，并且主語“The Charm of Shoushan Stone”為單數，故填gathers。
an
gathers
It offers a visual introduction to both the fine quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills required 15. (process) it.On show at the exhibition are seals(印章) made from excellent examples of the stone,16. were sought after among the literati(文人墨客) of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
15.考查非謂語動詞。require...to do sth需要……做某事，require的賓語是skills，故填to process。
16.考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導非限制性定語從句，seals是先行詞，它在從句中作主語，指物，因此使用which引導定語從句，故填which。
to process
which
There are also mini sculptures which show craftsmen’s different 17._______________
(approach) to carving Shoushan Stone based on its rich color schemes：a red and yellow stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains，flowers and fruits，a black one for trees and stones 18. a grey one for clouds.
17.考查名詞復數。approach是可數名詞，前有different 修飾，需要變復數，故填approaches。
18.考查連詞。分析句子結構可知，“a red and yellow stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains，flowers and fruits”和“a black one for trees and stones ”以及“a grey one for clouds”之間為并列關系，所以用并列連詞and來連接，故填and。
and
approaches
So far，Shoushan Stone,19. (official) named “China National Stone”，20. (become) a symbol of elegance，dignity and wisdom，which is worthy of collection.
19.考查副詞。空處使用副詞作狀語修飾過去分詞named，故填officially。
20.考查時態和主謂一致。根據句中的“So far”可知，become使用現在完成時，主語Shoushan Stone為第三人稱單數，故填has become。
officially
has become
①mine(轉) n.→v.______
語境猜詞
開采
三
(2024·浙江紹興一模)
In China，even for the most accomplished chefs，cooking 21.________
(involve) improvising with the ingredients on hand：feel and taste.For the Chinese，the idea of exact time and amounts in cooking is an alien concept.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了中國人做飯的方法。
考查時態和主謂一致。設空處在句中作謂語，敘述客觀事實，應用一般現在時，主語為cooking，謂語動詞應用單數形式，故填involves。
involves
In fact，times and measuring cups won’t 22. (find) in a traditional Chinese kitchen.Nor will a Chinese cook asked 23. he or she makes a particular dish respond with clear 24. (quantity) of ingredients and an exact cooking time，for such concrete instructions are almost ①nonexistent in the world of Chinese cuisine.
22.考查動詞語態。設空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語之間是被動關系，所以用被動語態，空前為won’t，所以be動詞用動詞原形，故填be found。
23.考查賓語從句。設空處引導賓語從句且在句中作方式狀語，應用how。故填how。
24.考查名詞復數。設空處應用名詞形式作介詞with的賓語，前無限定詞，應用復數形式。故填quantities。
be found
how
quantities
25. (make) Chinese food can be very time-consuming.One reason is 26.______ the preparation before the actual cooking takes time，as ingredients for the same dish are 27. (typical) cut into uniform shapes，and ②preferably into ③bite-sized pieces.
25.考查非謂語動詞。設空處為非謂語動詞在句中作主語，doing主要用來表示經常性、習慣性、抽象性發生的行為，設空處應用動名詞作主語，位于句首，首字母應大寫。故填Making。
26.考查表語從句。設空處引導表語從句，從句句意完整不缺成分，應用只起連接作用、無實義的that引導。故填that。
27.查副詞。設空處修飾謂語動詞，應用副詞typically，作狀語。故填typically。
Making
that
typically
Chinese cooking employs different methods according to the nature of the ingredients，the 28. (long) of cooking time，and the degree of heat.The major emphasis，though，is on enhancing the natural flavor of ingredients，as well as retaining nutrients.
考查名詞。設空處作介詞的賓語，應用名詞length，表示抽象概念，為不可數名詞。故填length。
length
Almost every Chinese kitchen has 29. bamboo steamer.In this method，foods are put in the steamer above boiling water.This technique preserves the colors，flavors，and nutrients of the food.A good cook knows which techniques to use 30. (combine) the natural flavors of the ingredients for the best taste and nutrition.
29.考查冠詞。設空處后為單數名詞，泛指“一個蒸籠”，應用不定冠詞，空后bamboo為輔音音素開頭的單詞，應用a。故填a。
30.考查非謂語動詞。設空處在句中為非謂語，固定短語use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”。故填to combine。
a
to combine
①nonexistent＝(派)non＋existent __________
②preferably＝(派)preferabl(e)＋y __________________
③bite-sized＝(合)bite＋sized _______________
語境猜詞
不存在的
更合意地，最好是
一口能吃下的
四
(2024·湖南二模)
Butter ①arguably makes everything better—even tea.Yak(牦牛) butter tea，a traditional drink of China’s Tibetan ethnic group，is ②catching on with its 31. (salt) and unexpected flavor.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了酥油茶作為中國藏族的一種傳統飲品，以其偏咸而又意想不到的味道而流行起來。
考查形容詞。由and連接的unexpected為形容詞可知，此處也應為形容詞形式，共同作定語修飾名詞flavor。故填salty。
salty
For Jason，who works at Café Himalaya in New York City,32. butter in the cup of tea before him ideally comes from a yak.33. ，in New York yak butter is pretty hard to come by，so Jason，as well as anyone who orders it at Café Himalaya，has to make do with butter 34. a cow.
32.考查冠詞。根據句意以及空后的in the cup of tea before him可知，此處特指“他面前那杯茶里的黃油”，所以為定冠詞the的填入。故填the。
33.考查副詞。根據前后句意可知，此處填副詞However/Nevertheless表示轉折，滿足上下句邏輯關系。故填However/Nevertheless。
34.考查介詞。根據句意以及空后的a cow可知，此處為介詞from，表示“來自”，滿足句意要求。故填from。
the
However/Nevertheless
from
Back in Xizang，yak butter is plentiful，yet no one knows exactly when yak butter 35. (add) to hot tea for the first time.
考查時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可知，此處在when引導的時間狀語從句中作謂語，從句主語yak butter與add為被動關系，要用被動語態，結合時間狀語for the first time可知，此處應為一般過去時，主語yak butter為單數。故填was added。
was added
The 36. (introduce) of this hot butter tea to Xizang provided Tibetans with warmth and supplemented their meager(貧乏的) diet.Also known as Tibetan medicine，it is believed to be able to 37._________(sharp) one’s mind and body.
36.考查名詞。分析句子結構并由空前定冠詞The可知，此處為名詞形式作主語。故填introduction。
37.考查動詞。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語be able to do sth“能夠做某事”，所以設空處為動詞原形。故填sharpen。
introduction
sharpen
Today it is part of Tibetan hospitality to offer guests butter tea and refill the bowl again and again until it’s time for goodbyes—at which point a polite guest will drink up 38. is left.
考查賓語從句。分析句子可知，此處為連接代詞what引導的賓語從句，what在從句中作主語，意為“……的東西”。故填what。
what
To non-Tibetans，yak butter may taste strange at first as it makes for a very different taste than the sweet butter 39. (produce) by ③corn-fed cows.Some of them find it helpful 40. (think) of it as a sort of ④light soup rather than as tea.
39.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞作后置定語修飾butter，butter和produce為被動關系，所以填過去分詞形式。故填produced。
40.考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此處為固定句型sb find it＋adj.＋to do sth，表示“某人發現做某事是……的”，其中it是形式賓語，動詞不定式to do作真正的賓語。故填to think。
produced
to think
①arguably＝(派)argu(e)＋abl(e)＋y ________________
②catch on __________________
③corn-fed＝(合)corn＋fed ________________________
④light (熟義：adj.輕的)　生義(文義)：adj.__________
語境猜詞
可論證地；按理
受歡迎；流行起來
用谷物喂養的；健壯的
清淡的
五
(2024·廣東梅州二模)
The Yinxu Museum opens in Anyang，Henan Province，to display the brilliance of the 3,000-year-old Shang civilization.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了河南安陽的殷墟博物館及其所展示的擁有3 000年歷史的商代文明，以及近年來在殷墟遺址及其周邊地區取得的重要考古發現。
Nearly 4,000 unearthed cultural relics are displayed in the museum.
More than three quarters of these have never been 41._________(public) exhibited before.
考查副詞。設空處在句子中作狀語，修飾后面的動詞，使用副詞，故填publicly。
publicly
The 23 vehicles unearthed from Yinxu are the 42. (highlight) in the new galleries.Also on display 43. (be) Shang relics collected from across the rest of present-day China.
42.考查名詞復數。設空處在句子中作表語，由句意可知，highlight在此處用作可數名詞，意為“最精彩的部分”；根據主語“23 vehicles”為復數可知，設空處應用復數，故填highlights。
43.考查時態和主謂一致。此處是倒裝結構，設空處在句子中作謂語，根據上文時態可知，此處同樣使用一般現在時；主語是Shang relics，謂語動詞用復數形式。故填are。
highlights
are
The Yinxu Ruins,44. (list) as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006，hosted a later period Shang capital city.
考查非謂語動詞。設空處在句子中作后置定語，修飾The Yinxu Ruins；因list與The Yinxu Ruins之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，所以使用過去分詞，故填listed。
listed
The site also produced rich findings of 3,300-year-old bones,45.____________
(reveal) the oldest-known established writing system of Chinese characters,
46. are extraordinary and serve as a vital link in the development of the Chinese nation.
45.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構和句意可知，設空處需填入非謂語動詞作狀語，表示自然而然的結果，所以使用現在分詞形式，故填revealing。
46.考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，設空處引導一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Chinese characters，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，應該使用關系代詞which，故填which。
revealing
which
Many key breakthroughs 47. (make) in recent years at the Yinxu site and its surrounding areas.For example,48. urban road system and the ①remains of an artificial lake in the royal area were found.
47.考查時態、語態和主謂一致。設空處在句子中作謂語，因make與主語之間為被動關系，故使用被動語態，根據時間狀語in recent years可知，句子表示的是過去發生的動作對現在的影響，故謂語動詞使用現在完成時，主語為復數，助動詞用have，故填have been made。
48.考查冠詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“一個”含義，需填不定冠詞。因設空處后面urban的發音為元音音素開頭，故填an。
have been made
an
These discoveries further displayed a grand picture of a capital city 49. carried forward the project of ②tracking the origins of the Chinese civilization.
考查連詞。分析句子結構和句意可知，“displayed a grand picture of a capital city(展現了一幅都城宏偉圖景)”和“carried forward the project of tracking the origins of the Chinese civilization(推進了追蹤中華文明起源的項目)”之間為并列關系，需填入表示并列關系的連詞，故填and。
and
Through the exhibits，the public can comprehensively understand the achievements made by the Shang Dynasty in terms 50. politics，economy，agriculture，military affairs，among others.
考查介詞。in terms of為固定短語，意為“在……方面”，符合句意，故填of。
of
①remains (熟義：n.剩余物)　生義(文義)：n.____________
②track (熟義：n.蹤跡)　生義(文義)：v.______
語境猜詞
遺址；遺跡
追蹤
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