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專題練(十八)　記敘文(3)
(2024·浙江1月)
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for.A young Chinese man 42 me on the train.My 43 friend spoke ①virtually no English，so I happily took the 44 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours，he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year ②professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family.Perhaps the most 47 ，however，was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard ③physical labor.④Without batting an eye，he would 48 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole.“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I 50 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.But this highly ⑤informed， 52 ，and admirable person prevented me doing so.In the course of a couple of hours，he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind，and a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life.
41．A.experiment B．encounter
C．competition D．appointment
42．A.treated B．saved
C．lectured D．approached
43．A.true B．so-called
C．new D．long-lost
44．A.chance B．advice
C．trouble D．right
45．A.visited B．financed
C．attended D．founded
46．A.building B．sweeping
C．checking D．guarding
47．A.typical B．obvious
C．natural D．remarkable
48．A.publish B．quote
C．copy D．download
49．A.writers B．historians
C．workers D．students
50．A.anticipate B．imagine
C．recall D．catch
51．A.look into B．rely on
C．go over D．deal with
52．A.well-behaved B．multi-skilled
C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
53．A.asked B．warned
C．showed D．promised
54．A.traveling B．reading
C．searching D．teaching
55．A.cooperate B．side
C．negotiate D．engage
語境猜詞 ①virtually＝(派)virtual＋ly____________________ ②professional＝(派)profession＋al____________________ ③physical labor____________________ ④without batting an eye ____________________ ⑤informed＝(派)inform＋ed____________________
妙解語篇層次題
語篇層次題指的是設空處很難在句內或段內找到答案，需要了解整個語篇的脈絡才能選定答案，這類題的難度很大，建議不要急于做題，讀完整篇文章后，“思前想后”再敲定答案。
解法　根據上下文選詞　第46、52、54、55題　
A
(2024·廣東梅州二模)
Twenty years ago，I was months into my first job at a ①start-up independent publishing company in New York.One afternoon，I 1 a train with a load of ②hot-off-the-press catalogues(目錄簿)，our first to list every one of our titles.I was on my way to 2 my aunt，who’d agreed to 3 them to her friends.
Back then，I was much less 4 ；somehow I made it on the train but I hadn’t had time to buy a 5 .I figured I’d buy one on board.When the conductor came to stand next to me，I opened my 6 and found nothing inside.They didn’t 7 credit cards back then.I was told to get off at the next station. 8 ，the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor.I was beyond grateful and 9 ；I promised him I would send him a check，which he 10 .I made him write down his address，though.
Later，I wrote a check， 11 it in a letter，and sent it off.I expressed my 12 again and included my email address.Soon he emailed me and we 13 a lasting friendship.
That 14 action has stayed with me.Thinking about that day，I 15 myself to be much kinder to strangers and to focus on the good in people.
1．A.came across B．rushed onto
C．passed by D．looked for
2．A.visit B．help
C．rescue D．introduce
3．A.return B．explain
C．connect D．distribute
4．A.determined B．objective
C．organized D．professional
5．A.ticket B．card
C．gift D．book
6．A.parcel B．wallet
C．envelope D．bottle
7．A.cancel B．reject
C．provide D．accept
8．A.Naturally B．Unexpectedly
C．Doubtfully D．Disagreeably
9．A.embarrassed B．disturbed
C．annoyed D．dissatisfied
10．A.gave away B．checked out
C．laughed off D．sent back
11．A.lost B．unfolded
C．noticed D．enclosed
12．A.appreciation B．admiration
C．amazement D．approval
13．A.destroyed B．inspired
C．formed D．reported
14．A.romantic B．generous
C．emergent D．symbolic
15．A.force B．allow
C．warn D．remind
語境猜詞 ①start-up＝(合)start＋up ____________________ ②hot-off-the-press＝(合)hot＋off＋the＋press ____________________
B
(2024·重慶二模)
In 1970，Alan Ayers was participating in a skydiving team competition in Gainesville，Florida.He would be 16 out of a Cessna 172，a small four-seat passenger plane.In preparation，the passenger door and front passenger seat were 17 ，but the passenger side ①seat belt remained.
Ayers’ ②teammates skydived first， 18 him and the pilot as the only two people remaining in the plane.It was Ayers’ 19 .But as he stepped out into the air，his foot got 20 in the passenger side seat belt.
“I was completely out of the plane on my back， 21 at the belly(腹部) of the Cessna，with only my boot 22 to the pilot ...I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle(鎖扣)，but I just couldn’t，” Ayers remembered.
Thousands of feet in the air，hanging from the plane，Ayers was out of 23 .
“And what happened next was 24 ，” Ayers said.“The 23-year-old pilot ③unbuckled her seat belt，crouched(蹲) down in the door of the airplane，with both hands off the operating handle，and 25 my ankle.”
Ayers dropped away from the plane，opened his parachute，and landed 26 .
More than 50 years later，she often came into his 27 .“To this day，I can see her two 28 hands reaching out of the door to unbuckle the belt，” Ayers said.“I owe my 29 to this person and will always think of her as one of the 30 people ④imaginable.”
16．A.falling B．jumping
C．marching D．sliding
17．A.repaired B．painted
C．removed D．broken
18．A.leaving B．recognizing
C．choosing D．admiring
19．A.right B．luck
C．chance D．turn
20．A.hurt B．caught
C．spotted D．covered
21．A.hitting back B．looking down
C．staring up D．pushing forward
22．A.challenging B．confusing
C．fearful D．visible
23．A.sight B．trouble
C．options D．doors
24．A.incredible B．exciting
C．accidental D．disappointing
25．A.straightened B．pushed
C．dropped D．freed
26．A.dramatically B．safely
C．unconsciously D．regretfully
27．A.possession B．mind
C．position D．focus
28．A.young B．practiced
C．dirty D．bony
29．A.fame B．victory
C．life D．health
30．A.bravest B．happiest
C．kindest D．wisest
語境猜詞 ①seat belt____________________ ②teammate＝(合)team＋mate____________________ ③unbuckle＝(派)un＋buckle____________________ ④imaginable＝(派)imagin(e)＋able____________________
C
(2024·安徽二模)
Marva Collins’ journey as a teacher began in the 1960s，when she was assigned to teach at a public school in Chicago.At the time，the school was plagued(困擾) by violence，low academic standards，and a 31 of resources，and many of its students were 32 as “①unteachable” or “②at-risk”．
Despite these 33 ，Collins was determined to make a difference.She 34 to create a classroom environment that helped to develop a love of 35 ，a sense of discipline，and a belief in oneself.Collins’ teaching methods proved 36 ，and her students soon began to show ③remarkable progress.They 37 well above average on ④standardized tests，and many of them went on to 38 top universities.
Collins also 39 the importance of building relationships between teachers and students.She believed that strong relationships were the foundation of effective teaching，and she 40 teachers to get to know their students as individuals and to ⑤personalize their instruction 41 .
Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators across the world，and she was 42 to speak at conferences across the world.Today，Collins’ legacy(遺產) lives on through the many students and educators inspired by her work.Her emphasis on 43 ，hard work and relationships continues to be a model for effective teaching，and her 44 in the potential of every student 45 to inspire educators to make a difference in the lives of at-risk students.
31．A.variety B．lack
C．combination D．network
32．A.acknowledged B．employed
C．recommended D．labeled
33．A.challenges B．prejudices
C．differences D．doubts
34．A.stood up B．ran away
C．set out D．went on
35．A.learning B．joking
C．listening D．singing
36．A.unusual B．mysterious
C．convenient D．effective
37．A.expressed B．graduated
C．weighed D．scored
38．A.attend B．apply
C．pursue D．witness
39．A.admitted B．emphasized
C．assumed D．indicated
40．A.allowed B．commanded
C．encouraged D．warned
41．A.accordingly B．generously
C．literally D．randomly
42．A.advised B．permitted
C．invited D．persuaded
43．A.honesty B．discipline
C．motivation D．success
44．A.wisdom B．training
C．delight D．belief
45．A.demands B．struggles
C．continues D．promises
語境猜詞 ①unteachable＝(派)un＋teach＋able____________________ ②at-risk＝(合)at＋risk____________________ ③remarkable＝(派)re＋mark＋able____________________ ④standardized tests ____________________ ⑤personalize＝(派)personal＋ize____________________
語境猜詞答案
[做真題　悟技法]　①幾乎　②職業的；專業的　③體力勞動　④泰然自若；眼睛都不眨一下　⑤見多識廣的
[練模擬　提能力]　A．①開辦階段的　②剛剛印刷出來的，新鮮出爐的
B．①安全帶　②隊友　③解開　④能想象得到的；可想象的　C．①不可教的；難教育的　②處境危險的；處于危險中的　③非凡的；引人注目的
④標準化測試　⑤使個性化
答案精析
做真題　悟技法
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一次在火車上偶遇了一個年輕的中國男子，在交談中發現，年輕人見多識廣、自學成才，是一個令人欽佩的人。
41．B　[experiment實驗；encounter邂逅；competition比賽；appointment任命。根據后文“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，此處指作者和一個當地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故選B。]
42．D　[treat對待；save拯救；lecture訓斥；approach靠近。根據后文“me on the train”以及后文兩人交談可知，一名年輕的中國男子在火車上向作者走來。故選D。]
43．C　[true真的；so called所謂的；new新的；long lost很久不見的。根據前文“I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful ______ with a local that all travelers long for”可知，兩人是新認識的，所以是新朋友。故選C。]
44．A　[chance機會；advice建議；trouble麻煩；right權利。根據后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住這個機會練習中文。故選A。]
45．C　[visit拜訪；finance提供資金；attend參加，上(學)；found成立。根據后文“a two year professional school”可知，此處指這個年輕人去上了一個為期兩年的職業學校。故選C。]
46．A　[build修建；sweep打掃；check檢查；guard守衛。根據后文“after hard physical labor”和“this highway builder”可知，年輕人修建公路，以幫助養家糊口。故選A。]
47．D　[typical典型的；obvious顯然的；natural自然的；remarkable引人注目的。根據后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”可知，這個人每天在辛苦的體力勞動之后花幾個小時學習，這是最值得注意的品質。故選D。]
48．B　[publish出版；quote引用；copy復制；download下載。根據后文“a translated Emerson passage”可知，這里指引用翻譯的愛默生的一段話。故選B。]
49．A　[writer作者；historian歷史學家；worker工人；student學生。根據前文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，這個年輕人對美國和俄羅斯的作家感興趣。故選A。]
50．C　[anticipate預期；imagine想象；recall記起；catch抓住。根據后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回憶年輕人提過的問題。故選C。]
51．B　[look into調查；rely on依靠；go over復習；deal with處理。根據后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年輕人從來沒有離開過離家幾百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假設對他進行判斷。故選B。]
52．D　[well behaved行為端正的；multi skilled多技能的；warm hearted熱心的；self educated自學的。呼應前文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”，指這個年輕人的自學能力。故選D。]
53．C　[ask詢問；warn警告；show展示；promise承諾。根據后文“how much one can gain”可知，這里指年輕人通過自己向作者展示了一個人可以從帶著開放的心態旅行和愿意與各行各業的當地人交往中獲得多少收獲。故選C。]
54．A　[travel旅行；read閱讀；search搜索；teach教學。根據后文“with an open mind，and a willingness to”并結合作者當時在乘火車旅行可知，此處是指帶著開放的心態旅行。故選A。]
55．D　[cooperate合作；side支持某人(反對……)；negotiate協商；engage參與。根據后文“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此處指和各行各業的當地人打交道，應用短語engage with“與……接觸”。故選D。]
練模擬　提能力
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者坐火車時身上沒帶現金，對方也不接受信用卡支付，這時一位好心的陌生人為作者付了錢，事后作者歸還了錢，兩人也成為朋友的故事。
1．B　[come across偶遇；rush onto沖上；pass by路過；look for尋找。根據后文“a train with a load of hot off the press catalogues”可知這里指作者帶著目錄上了火車。故選B。]
2．A　[visit拜訪，參觀；help幫助；rescue救援；introduce介紹。根據后文“my aunt”可知，作者拿著目錄去拜訪姑媽。故選A。]
3．D　[return歸還；explain解釋；connect連接；distribute分發。后文“them to her friends”中them指代上文提到的目錄簿，即把目錄簿分發給朋友。故選D。]
4．C　[determined堅定的；objective客觀的；organized有組織的；professional專業的。根據后文“somehow I made it on the train but I hadn’t had time to buy a”可知，作者趕上了火車，但沒時間買票，說明事先沒有規劃好，故選C。]
5．A　[ticket車票；card卡片；gift禮物；book書。根據后文“I figured I’d buy one on board.(我想我可以在火車上買一張)”可知，作者沒時間買車票，故選A。]
6．B　[parcel包裹；wallet錢包；envelope信封；bottle瓶子。根據上文“When the conductor came to stand next to me，I opened”可知，作者要買車票，所以打開了錢包。故選B。]
7．D　[cancel取消；reject拒絕；provide提供；accept接受。根據后文“credit cards back then”以及“I was told to get off at the next station”可知，指不接受信用卡付款。故選D。]
8．B　[naturally自然地；unexpectedly意外地；doubtfully懷疑地；disagreeably不愉快地。根據后文“the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor”可知，意外的是一個陌生人為作者買了車票。故選B。]
9．A　[embarrassed尷尬的；disturbed心神不安的；annoyed生氣的；dissatisfied不滿足的。結合上文可知作者沒帶錢買票，所以是感到尷尬。故選A。]
10．C　[give away贈送；check out結賬離開；laugh off付之一笑；send back退回。根據后文“I made him write down his address，though.”可知，作者要求對方寫下地址，說明對方并不在意作者是不是能還錢，即一笑置之。故選C。]
11．D　[lose丟失；unfold展現；notice注意到；enclose隨信附上。根據上文“I wrote a check”指把支票附在信中寄出去了。故選D。]
12．A　[appreciation感激；admiration欽佩；amazement驚訝；approval贊成。根據上文“I was beyond grateful”指作者表達了感激。故選A。]
13．C　[destroy破壞；inspire鼓舞；form形成；report報告。根據后文“a lasting friendship”可知，兩人建立了長久的友誼。故選C。]
14．B　[romantic浪漫的；generous慷慨的；emergent新興的；symbolic象征性的。結合上文可知陌生人為作者付了車票錢，是慷慨之舉。故選B。]
15．D　[force迫使；allow允許；warn警告；remind提醒。根據后文“myself to be much kinder to strangers and to focus on the good in people”指作者從這次經歷中開始提醒自己要對陌生人友善一些，要關注人們的優點。故選D。]
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Alan Ayers在跳傘時，腳被安全帶卡住，人懸在半空，飛行員看到以后冒著危險為他解開了安全帶鎖扣。
16．B　[fall落下；jump跳；march前進；slide滑行。根據上文“In 1970，Alan Ayers was participating in a skydiving team competition in Gainesville，Florida.”可知，Alan Ayers當時正在參加一個特技跳傘比賽，因此要從飛機上跳下來。故選B。]
17．C　[repair修理；paint用顏料畫；remove移除；break打破，損壞。根據下文“but the passenger side seat belt remained”可知，安全帶被保留下來，此處與下文是轉折關系，說明乘客門和副駕駛座位都被拆除了。故選C。]
18．A　[leave留下；recognize識別；choose選擇；admire欽佩，羨慕。根據空前“Ayers’ teammates skydived first”和空后“him and the pilot”可知，Ayers的隊友先跳傘，留下他和飛行員兩個人，故選A。]
19．D　[right權利；luck運氣；chance機會；turn(依次輪到的)機會。上文“Ayers’ teammates skydived first”提到隊友跳下去，結合下文“as he stepped out into the air”可知，輪到Ayers跳下去，故選D。]
20．B　[hurt受傷；catch截住，攔住；spot發現；cover覆蓋。根據空后“in the passenger side seat belt”以及下文“I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle(鎖扣)”可知，Ayers的腳被副駕駛位的安全帶卡住了，故選B。]
21．C　[hit back反擊；look down向下看；stare up抬頭凝視；push forward向前推。根據上文“I was completely out of the plane on my back”可知，Ayers仰面懸掛在飛機外面，故是向上凝視著飛機腹部，故選C。]
22．D　[challenging有挑戰性的；confusing令人困惑的；fearful害怕的；visible看得見的。結合上文“I was completely out of the plane on my back”以及空后“to the pilot”可知，Ayers整個上半身已經在飛機外面，腳被安全帶卡住，故飛行員只能看見他的靴子，故選D。]
23．C　[sight看見，視力范圍；trouble麻煩；option選擇；door門。根據上文“Thousands of feet in the air，hanging from the plane”可知，Ayers在幾千英尺高的空中，掛在飛機上，別無選擇，故選C。]
24．A　[incredible難以置信的；exciting令人興奮的；accidental偶然的；disappointing令人失望的。根據下文“The 23 year old pilot unbuckled her seat belt，crouched(蹲) down in the door of the airplane...”可知，Ayers本來處于絕望中，但飛行員不顧自身安危，解開了安全帶去幫助他，令他難以置信，故選A。]
25．D　[straighten挺直；push推；drop降低，(使)落下；free釋放，使解脫出來。根據下文“Ayers dropped away from the plane”可知，Ayers離開了飛機，故此處指使腳踝從安全帶中解脫出來，故選D。]
26．B　[dramatically戲劇性地；safely安全地；unconsciously無意地；regretfully遺憾地。根據上文“Ayers dropped away from the plane，opened his parachute”以及下文提到多年后他的回憶可知，Ayers離開飛機，打開降落傘，應是安全著陸，故選B。]
27．B　[possession擁有；mind頭腦，大腦；position位置，職位；focus焦點。根據下文“To this day，I can see her two ________ hands reaching out of the door to unbuckle the belt”可知，此處是多年后Ayer回憶起飛行員救自己的一幕，故指出現在腦海里，故選B。]
28．A　[young年輕的；practiced熟練的；dirty臟的；bony骨瘦如柴的。結合上文“The 23 year old pilot”可知，飛行員很年輕，故選A。]
29．C　[fame名聲；victory勝利；life生命；health健康。結合上文內容可知，Ayers走出飛機時腳被安全帶卡住，懸掛在飛機外，飛行員不顧自身安危，為他解開了安全帶，故此處指“我欠她一條命”，故選C。]
30．A　[bravest最勇敢的；happiest最高興的；kindest最善良的；wisest最明智的。結合上文“The 23 year old pilot unbuckled her seat belt，crouched(蹲) down in the door of the airplane，with both hands off the operating handle”可知，飛行員解開了自己的安全帶，蹲在飛機艙門里，雙手離開了操作手柄，這是非常勇敢的行為，故選A。]
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了馬文·柯林斯在其教師生涯中，通過幫助培養學生對學習的熱愛、紀律性和對自己的信心，幫助了許多學生，并且鼓舞了很多教育工作者。
31．B　[variety多樣化；lack缺少；combination結合；network網絡。根據前文“At the time，the school was plagued(困擾) by...”可知，此處是在描述學校當時所處的困境，“缺乏資源”最符合語境，短語a lack of表示“缺少”。故選B。]
32．D　[acknowledge承認；employ采用；recommend推薦；label貼標簽。后文“unteachable” or “at risk”是學生們被貼上的標簽。故選D。]
33．A　[challenge挑戰；prejudice偏見；difference差異；doubt懷疑。根據前文可知，當時這所學校飽受暴力、低學術標準和缺乏資源的困擾，許多學生被貼上了“不可教”或“有風險”的標簽，這些都是面臨的挑戰。故選A。]
34．C　[stand up站起來；run away逃跑；set out著手，出發；go on繼續。根據前文“Collins was determined to make a difference”可知，柯林斯決心要有所作為，所以著手創造一個課堂環境，故選C。]
35．A　[learn學習；joke開玩笑；listen聽；sing唱歌。根據前文可知柯林斯想要改變學校的學習氛圍，所以她著手創造一個有助于培養對學習的熱愛、紀律性和對自己的信心的課堂環境。故選A。]
36．D　[unusual不尋常的；mysterious神秘的；convenient方便的；effective有效的。根據后文“her students soon began to show remarkable progress”可知，她的學生有了顯著進步，說明方法被證明有效。故選D。]
37．D　[express表達；graduate畢業；weigh稱重；score得分。根據后文“well above average on standardized tests”可知，此處指她的學生在標準化考試中的得分遠高于平均水平，故選D。]
38．A　[attend參加，經常去；apply應用；pursue追求；witness目擊。根據后文“top universities”可知，他們中的許多人進入了頂尖大學。故選A。]
39．B　[admit承認；emphasize強調；assume認為；indicate表明。根據后文“the importance of building relationships between teachers and student”可知，柯林斯還強調建立師生關系的重要性。故選B。]
40．C　[allow允許；command命令；encourage鼓勵；warn警告。根據后文“teachers to get to know their students as individuals”以及前文提到她強調了建立師生關系的重要性可知，她鼓勵教師把學生作為個體來了解，故選C。]
41．A　[accordingly相應地；generously慷慨地；literally真正地；randomly隨機地。根據前文“teachers to get to know their students as individuals and to personalize their instruction”可知，柯林斯鼓勵教師把學生作為個體來了解，并相應地個性化他們的教學。故選A。]
42．C　[advise建議；permit允許；invite邀請；persuade勸說。根據前文“Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators across the world”和后文“to speak at conferences across the world”可知，柯林斯對教育的影響得到了全世界教育工作者的認可，所以她被邀請在世界各地的會議上發言。故選C。]
43．B　[honesty誠實；discipline紀律；motivation動力；success成功。呼應前文“a sense of discipline”，此處指她對紀律、努力和人際關系的重視。故選B。]
44．D　[wisdom智慧；training訓練；delight高興；belief信心，信念。根據后文“in the potential of every student”可知，柯林斯相信每一個學生的潛力。故選D。]
45．C　[demand要求；struggle努力；continue繼續；promise承諾。根據前文“Collins’ legacy(遺產) lives on”以及后文“to inspire educators to make a difference in the lives of at risk students”可知，她對紀律、努力和人際關系的重視一直是有效教學的典范，她相信每個學生都有潛力，這繼續激勵著教育工作者為有風險的學生的生活帶來改變。故選C。](共54張PPT)
專題三　完形填空
專題練(十八)
記敘文(3)
內容索引
做真題　悟技法
練模擬　提能力
(2024·浙江1月)
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for.
41.A.experiment 　B.encounter C.competition D.appointment
做真題 悟技法
√
experiment實驗；encounter邂逅；competition比賽；appointment任命。根據后文“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，此處指作者和一個當地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故選B。
A young Chinese man 42 me on the train.
42.A.treated B.saved
C.lectured D.approached
√
treat對待；save拯救；lecture訓斥；approach靠近。根據后文“me on the train”以及后文兩人交談可知，一名年輕的中國男子在火車上向作者走來。故選D。
My 43 friend spoke ①virtually no English，so I happily took the 44 to practice my Chinese.
43.A.true B.so-called C.new D.long-lost
44.A.chance B.advice C.trouble D.right
√
43.true真的；so-called所謂的；new新的；long-lost很久不見的。根據前文“I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful with a local that all travelers long for”可知，兩人是新認識的，所以是新朋友。故選C。
44.chance機會；advice建議；trouble麻煩；right權利。根據后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住這個機會練習中文。故選A。
√
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一次在火車上偶遇了一個年輕的中國男子，在交談中發現，年輕人見多識廣、自學成才，是一個令人欽佩的人。
Over several hours，he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year ②professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family.
45.A.visited B.financed C.attended D.founded
46.A.building B.sweeping C.checking D.guarding
√
45.visit拜訪；finance提供資金；attend參加，上(學)；found成立。根據后文“a two-year professional school”可知，此處指這個年輕人去上了一個為期兩年的職業學校。故選C。
46.build修建；sweep打掃；check檢查；guard守衛。根據后文“after hard physical labor”和“this highway builder”可知，年輕人修建公路，以幫助養家糊口。故選A。
√
Perhaps the most 47 ，however，was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard ③physical labor.
47.A.typical B.obvious
C.natural D.remarkable
typical典型的；obvious顯然的；natural自然的；remarkable引人注目的。根據后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”可知，這個人每天在辛苦的體力勞動之后花幾個小時學習，這是最值得注意的品質。故選D。
√
④Without batting an eye，he would 48 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole.
48.A.publish B.quote C.copy D.download
49.A.writers B.historians C.workers D.students
√
48.publish出版；quote引用；copy復制；download下載。根據后文“a translated Emerson passage”可知，這里指引用翻譯的愛默生的一段話。故選B。
49.writer作者；historian歷史學家；worker工人；student學生。根據前文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，這個年輕人對美國和俄羅斯的作家感興趣。故選A。
√
“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I 50 him asking at one point.
50.A.anticipate B.imagine
C.recall D.catch
√
anticipate預期；imagine想象；recall記起；catch抓住。根據后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回憶年輕人提過的問題。故選C。
It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.
51.A.look into B.rely on
C.go over D.deal with
√
look into調查；rely on依靠；go over復習；deal with處理。根據后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年輕人從來沒有離開過離家幾百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假設對他進行判斷。故選B。
But this highly ⑤informed， 52 ，and admirable person prevented me doing so.
52.A.well-behaved B.multi-skilled
C.warm-hearted D.self-educated
√
well-behaved行為端正的；multi-skilled多技能的；warm-hearted熱心的；self-educated自學的。呼應前文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”，指這個年輕人的自學能力。故選D。
In the course of a couple of hours，he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind，
53.A.asked B.warned C.showed D.promised
54.A.traveling B.reading C.searching D.teaching
√
53.ask詢問；warn警告；show展示；promise承諾。根據后文“how much one can gain”可知，這里指年輕人通過自己向作者展示了一個人可以從帶著開放的心態旅行和愿意與各行各業的當地人交往中獲得多少收獲。故選C。
54.travel旅行；read閱讀；search搜索；teach教學。根據后文“with an open mind，and a willingness to”并結合作者當時在乘火車旅行可知，此處是指帶著開放的心態旅行。故選A。
√
and a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life.
55.A.cooperate 　B.side 　C.negotiate 　D.engage
√
54.cooperate合作；side支持某人(反對……)；negotiate協商；engage參與。根據后文“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此處指和各行各業的當地人打交道，應用短語engage with“與……接觸”。故選D。
①virtually＝(派)virtual＋ly ______
②professional＝(派)profession＋al ________________
③physical labor __________
④without batting an eye ___________________________
⑤informed＝(派)inform＋ed ____________
幾乎
職業的；專業的
體力勞動
語境猜詞
泰然自若；眼睛都不眨一下
見多識廣的
妙解語篇層次題
語篇層次題指的是設空處很難在句內或段內找到答案，需要了解整個語篇的脈絡才能選定答案，這類題的難度很大，建議不要急于做題，讀完整篇文章后，“思前想后”再敲定答案。
解法　根據上下文選詞　第46、52、54、55題　
返回
技法點撥
練模擬 提能力
A
(2024·廣東梅州二模)
Twenty years ago，I was months into my first job at a ①start-up independent publishing company in New York.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者坐火車時身上沒帶現金，對方也不接受信用卡支付，這時一位好心的陌生人為作者付了錢，事后作者歸還了錢，兩人也成為朋友的故事。
One afternoon，I 1 a train with a load of ②hot-off-the-press catalogues(目錄簿)，our first to list every one of our titles.
1.A.came across B.rushed onto
C.passed by D.looked for
√
come across偶遇；rush onto沖上；pass by路過；look for尋找。根據后文“a train with a load of hot-off-the-press catalogues”可知這里指作者帶著目錄上了火車。故選B。
I was on my way to 2 my aunt，who’d agreed to 3 them to her friends.
2.A.visit B.help C.rescue D.introduce
3.A.return B.explain C.connect D.distribute
√
2.visit拜訪，參觀；help幫助；rescue救援；introduce介紹。根據后文“my aunt”可知，作者拿著目錄去拜訪姑媽。故選A。
3.return歸還；explain解釋；connect連接；distribute分發。后文“them to her friends”中them指代上文提到的目錄簿，即把目錄簿分發給朋友。故選D。
√
Back then，I was much less 4 ；somehow I made it on the train but I hadn’t had time to buy a 5 .
4.A.determined B.objective C.organized D.professional
5.A.ticket B.card C.gift D.book
√
4.determined堅定的；objective客觀的；organized有組織的；professional專業的。根據后文“somehow I made it on the train but I hadn’t had time to buy a”可知，作者趕上了火車，但沒時間買票，說明事先沒有規劃好，故選C。
5.ticket車票；card卡片；gift禮物；book書。根據后文“I figured I’d buy one on board.(我想我可以在火車上買一張)”可知，作者沒時間買車票，故選A。
√
I figured I’d buy one on board.When the conductor came to stand next to me，I opened my 6 and found nothing inside.
6.A.parcel B.wallet
C.envelope D.bottle
√
parcel包裹；wallet錢包；envelope信封；bottle瓶子。根據上文“When the conductor came to stand next to me，I opened”可知，作者要買車票，所以打開了錢包。故選B。
They didn’t 7 credit cards back then.I was told to get off at the next station.
7.A.cancel B.reject
C.provide D.accept
√
cancel取消；reject拒絕；provide提供；accept接受。根據后文“credit cards back then”以及“I was told to get off at the next station”可知，指不接受信用卡付款。故選D。
8 ，the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor.I was beyond grateful and 9 ；
8.A.Naturally B.Unexpectedly C.Doubtfully D.Disagreeably
9.A.embarrassed B.disturbed C.annoyed D.dissatisfied
√
√
8.naturally自然地；unexpectedly意外地；doubtfully懷疑地；disagreeably不愉快地。根據后文“the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor”可知，意外的是一個陌生人為作者買了車票。故選B。
9.embarrassed尷尬的；disturbed心神不安的；annoyed生氣的；dissatisfied不滿足的。結合上文可知作者沒帶錢買票，所以是感到尷尬。故選A。
I promised him I would send him a check，which he 10 .I made him write down his address，though.
10.A.gave away B.checked out
C.laughed off D.sent back
√
give away贈送；check out結賬離開；laugh off付之一笑；send back退回。根據后文“I made him write down his address，though.”可知，作者要求對方寫下地址，說明對方并不在意作者是不是能還錢，即一笑置之。故選C。
Later，I wrote a check， 11 it in a letter，and sent it off.I expressed my 12 again and included my email address.
11.A.lost B.unfolded C.noticed D.enclosed
12.A.appreciation B.admiration C.amazement D.approval
√
11.lose丟失；unfold展現；notice注意到；enclose隨信附上。根據上文“I wrote a check”指把支票附在信中寄出去了。故選D。
12.appreciation感激；admiration欽佩；amazement驚訝；approval贊成。根據上文“I was beyond grateful”指作者表達了感激。故選A。
√
Soon he emailed me and we 13 a lasting friendship.
13.A.destroyed B.inspired
C.formed D.reported
√
destroy破壞；inspire鼓舞；form形成；report報告。根據后文“a lasting friendship”可知，兩人建立了長久的友誼。故選C。
That 14 action has stayed with me.Thinking about that day，I 15 myself to be much kinder to strangers and to focus on the good in people.
14.A.romantic B.generous C.emergent D.symbolic
15.A.force B.allow C.warn D.remind
√
√
14.romantic浪漫的；generous慷慨的；emergent新興的；symbolic象征性的。結合上文可知陌生人為作者付了車票錢，是慷慨之舉。故選B。
15.force迫使；allow允許；warn警告；remind提醒。根據后文“myself to be much kinder to strangers and to focus on the good in people”指作者從這次經歷中開始提醒自己要對陌生人友善一些，要關注人們的優點。故選D。
①start-up＝(合)start＋up ____________
②hot-off-the-press＝(合)hot＋off＋the＋press
_____________________________
語境猜詞
開辦階段的
剛剛印刷出來的，新鮮出爐的
B
(2024·重慶二模)
In 1970，Alan Ayers was participating in a skydiving team competition in Gainesville，Florida.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Alan Ayers在跳傘時，腳被安全帶卡住，人懸在半空，飛行員看到以后冒著危險為他解開了安全帶鎖扣。
He would be 16 out of a Cessna 172，a small four-seat passenger plane.
16.A.falling B.jumping
C.marching D.sliding
√
fall落下；jump跳；march前進；slide滑行。根據上文“In 1970，Alan Ayers was participating in a skydiving team competition in Gainesville，Florida.”可知，Alan Ayers當時正在參加一個特技跳傘比賽，因此要從飛機上跳下來。故選B。
In preparation，the passenger door and front passenger seat were 17 ，but the passenger side ①seat belt remained.
17.A.repaired B.painted
C.removed D.broken
repair修理；paint用顏料畫；remove移除；break打破，損壞。根據下文“but the passenger side seat belt remained”可知，安全帶被保留下來，此處與下文是轉折關系，說明乘客門和副駕駛座位都被拆除了。故選C。
√
Ayers’ ②teammates skydived first， 18 him and the pilot as the only two people remaining in the plane.
18.A.leaving B.recognizing
C.choosing D.admiring
√
leave留下；recognize識別；choose選擇；admire欽佩，羨慕。根據空前“Ayers’ teammates skydived first”和空后“him and the pilot”可知，Ayers的隊友先跳傘，留下他和飛行員兩個人，故選A。
It was Ayers’ 19 .But as he stepped out into the air，his foot got 20 in the passenger side seat belt.
19.A.right B.luck C.chance D.turn
20.A.hurt B.caught C.spotted D.covered
√
19.right權利；luck運氣；chance機會；turn(依次輪到的)機會。上文“Ayers’ teammates skydived first”提到隊友跳下去，結合下文“as he stepped out into the air”可知，輪到Ayers跳下去，故選D。
20.hurt受傷；catch截住，攔住；spot發現；cover覆蓋。根據空后“in the passenger side seat belt”以及下文“I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle(鎖扣)”可知，Ayers的腳被副駕駛位的安全帶卡住了，故選B。
√
“I was completely out of the plane on my back， 21 at the belly(腹部) of the Cessna，with only my boot 22 to the pilot ...I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle(鎖扣)，but I just couldn’t，” Ayers remembered.
21.A.hitting back B.looking down C.staring up D.pushing forward
22.A.challenging B.confusing C.fearful D.visible
√
21.hit back反擊；look down向下看；stare up抬頭凝視；push forward向前推。根據上文“I was completely out of the plane on my back”可知，Ayers仰面懸掛在飛機外面，故是向上凝視著飛機腹部，故選C。
22.challenging有挑戰性的；confusing令人困惑的；fearful害怕的；visible看得見的。結合上文“I was completely out of the plane on my back”以及空后“to the pilot”可知，Ayers整個上半身已經在飛機外面，腳被安全帶卡住，故飛行員只能看見他的靴子，故選D。
√
Thousands of feet in the air，hanging from the plane，Ayers was out of 23 .
23.A.sight B.trouble
C.options D.doors
√
sight看見，視力范圍；trouble麻煩；option選擇；door門。根據上文“Thousands of feet in the air，hanging from the plane”可知，Ayers在幾千英尺高的空中，掛在飛機上，別無選擇，故選C。
“And what happened next was 24 ，” Ayers said.
24.A.incredible B.exciting
C.accidental D.disappointing
√
incredible難以置信的；exciting令人興奮的；accidental偶然的；disappointing令人失望的。根據下文“The 23-year-old pilot unbuckled her seat belt，crouched(蹲) down in the door of the airplane...”可知，Ayers本來處于絕望中，但飛行員不顧自身安危，解開了安全帶去幫助他，令他難以置信，故選A。
“The 23-year-old pilot ③unbuckled her seat belt，crouched(蹲) down in the door of the airplane，with both hands off the operating handle，and 25 my ankle.”
25.A.straightened B.pushed
C.dropped D.freed
√
straighten挺直；push推；drop降低，(使)落下；free釋放，使解脫出來。根據下文“Ayers dropped away from the plane”可知，Ayers離開了飛機，故此處指使腳踝從安全帶中解脫出來，故選D。
Ayers dropped away from the plane，opened his parachute，and landed 26 .
26.A.dramatically B.safely
C.unconsciously D.regretfully
√
dramatically戲劇性地；safely安全地；unconsciously無意地；regretfully遺憾地。根據上文“Ayers dropped away from the plane，opened his parachute”以及下文提到多年后他的回憶可知，Ayers離開飛機，打開降落傘，應是安全著陸，故選B。
More than 50 years later，she often came into his 27 .
27.A.possession B.mind
C.position D.focus
√
possession擁有；mind頭腦，大腦；position位置，職位；focus焦點。根據下文“To this day，I can see her two hands reaching out of the door to unbuckle the belt”可知，此處是多年后Ayer回憶起飛行員救自己的一幕，故指出現在腦海里，故選B。
“To this day，I can see her two 28 hands reaching out of the door to unbuckle the belt，” Ayers said.
28.A.young B.practiced
C.dirty D.bony
√
young年輕的；practiced熟練的；dirty臟的；bony骨瘦如柴的。結合上文“The 23-year-old pilot”可知，飛行員很年輕，故選A。
“I owe my 29 to this person and will always think of her as one of the 30 people ④imaginable.”
29.A.fame B.victory C.life D.health
30.A.bravest B.happiest C.kindest D.wisest
√
29.fame名聲；victory勝利；life生命；health健康。結合上文內容可知，Ayers走出飛機時腳被安全帶卡住，懸掛在飛機外，飛行員不顧自身安危，為他解開了安全帶，故此處指“我欠她一條命”，故選C。
30.bravest最勇敢的；happiest最高興的；kindest最善良的；wisest最明智的。結合上文“The 23-year-old pilot unbuckled her seat belt，crouched(蹲) down in the door of the airplane，with both hands off the operating handle”可知，飛行員解開了自己的安全帶，蹲在飛機艙門里，雙手離開了操作手柄，這是非常勇敢的行為，故選A。
√
①seat belt ________
②teammate＝(合)team＋mate ______
③unbuckle＝(派)un＋buckle ______
④imaginable＝(派)imagin(e)＋able ________________________
安全帶
隊友
解開
語境猜詞
能想象得到的；可想象的
C
(2024·安徽二模)
Marva Collins’ journey as a teacher began in the 1960s，when she was assigned to teach at a public school in Chicago.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了馬文·柯林斯在其教師生涯中，通過幫助培養學生對學習的熱愛、紀律性和對自己的信心，幫助了許多學生，并且鼓舞了很多教育工作者。
At the time，the school was plagued(困擾) by violence，low academic standards，and a 31 of resources，and many of its students were 32 as “①unteachable” or “②at-risk”.
31.A.variety B.lack C.combination D.network
32.A.acknowledged 　　B.employed 　C.recommended 　　D.labeled
√
31.variety多樣化；lack缺少；combination結合；network網絡。根據前文“At the time，the school was plagued(困擾) by...”可知，此處是在描述學校當時所處的困境，“缺乏資源”最符合語境，短語a lack of表示“缺少”。故選B。
32.acknowledge承認；employ采用；recommend推薦；label貼標簽。后文“unteachable” or “at-risk”是學生們被貼上的標簽。故選D。
√
Despite these 33 ，Collins was determined to make a difference.
33.A.challenges B.prejudices
C.differences D.doubts
√
challenge挑戰；prejudice偏見；difference差異；doubt懷疑。根據前文可知，當時這所學校飽受暴力、低學術標準和缺乏資源的困擾，許多學生被貼上了“不可教”或“有風險”的標簽，這些都是面臨的挑戰。故選A。
She 34 to create a classroom environment that helped to develop a love of 35 ，a sense of discipline，and a belief in oneself.
34.A.stood up B.ran away C.set out D.went on
35.A.learning B.joking C.listening D.singing
√
34.stand up站起來；run away逃跑；set out著手，出發；go on繼續。根據前文“Collins was determined to make a difference”可知，柯林斯決心要有所作為，所以著手創造一個課堂環境，故選C。
35.learn學習；joke開玩笑；listen聽；sing唱歌。根據前文可知柯林斯想要改變學校的學習氛圍，所以她著手創造一個有助于培養對學習的熱愛、紀律性和對自己的信心的課堂環境。故選A。
√
Collins’ teaching methods proved 36 ，and her students soon began to show ③remarkable progress.
36.A.unusual B.mysterious
C.convenient D.effective
√
unusual不尋常的；mysterious神秘的；convenient方便的；effective有效的。根據后文“her students soon began to show remarkable progress”可知，她的學生有了顯著進步，說明方法被證明有效。故選D。
They 37 well above average on ④standardized tests，and many of them went on to 38 top universities.
37.A.expressed B.graduated C.weighed D.scored
38.A.attend B.apply C.pursue D.witness
√
37.express表達；graduate畢業；weigh稱重；score得分。根據后文“well above average on standardized tests”可知，此處指她的學生在標準化考試中的得分遠高于平均水平，故選D。
38.attend參加，經常去；apply應用；pursue追求；witness目擊。根據后文“top universities”可知，他們中的許多人進入了頂尖大學。故選A。
√
Collins also 39 the importance of building relationships between teachers and students.
39.A.admitted B.emphasized
C.assumed D.indicated
√
admit承認；emphasize強調；assume認為；indicate表明。根據后文“the importance of building relationships between teachers and student”可知，柯林斯還強調建立師生關系的重要性。故選B。
She believed that strong relationships were the foundation of effective teaching，and she 40 teachers to get to know their students as individuals and to ⑤personalize their instruction 41 .
40.A.allowed B.commanded C.encouraged D.warned
41.A.accordingly B.generously C.literally D.randomly
√
40.allow允許；command命令；encourage鼓勵；warn警告。根據后文“teachers to get to know their students as individuals”以及前文提到她強調了建立師生關系的重要性可知，她鼓勵教師把學生作為個體來了解，故選C。
41.accordingly相應地；generously慷慨地；literally真正地；randomly隨機地。根據前文“teachers to get to know their students as individuals and to personalize their instruction”可知，柯林斯鼓勵教師把學生作為個體來了解，并相應地個性化他們的教學。故選A。
√
Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators across the world，and she was 42 to speak at conferences across the world.
42.A.advised B.permitted
C.invited D.persuaded
√
advise建議；permit允許；invite邀請；persuade勸說。根據前文“Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators across the world”和后文“to speak at conferences across the world”可知，柯林斯對教育的影響得到了全世界教育工作者的認可，所以她被邀請在世界各地的會議上發言。故選C。
Today，Collins’ legacy(遺產) lives on through the many students and educators inspired by her work.Her emphasis on 43 ，
43.A.honesty B.discipline
C.motivation D.success
√
honesty誠實；discipline紀律；motivation動力；success成功。呼應前文“a sense of discipline”，此處指她對紀律、努力和人際關系的重視。故選B。
hard work and relationships continues to be a model for effective teaching，and her 44 in the potential of every student 45 to inspire educators to make a difference in the lives of at-risk students.
44.A.wisdom B.training C.delight D.belief
45.A.demands B.struggles C.continues D.promises
√
44.wisdom智慧；training訓練；delight高興；belief信心，信念。根據后文“in the potential of every student”可知，柯林斯相信每一個學生的潛力。故選D。
45.demand要求；struggle努力；continue繼續；promise承諾。根據前文“Collins’ legacy(遺產) lives on”以及后文“to inspire educators to make a difference in the lives of at-risk students”可知，她對紀律、努力和人際關系的重視一直是有效教學的典范，她相信每個學生都有潛力，這繼續激勵著教育工作者為有風險的學生的生活帶來改變。故選C。
√
①unteachable＝(派)un＋teach＋able ____________________
②at-risk＝(合)at＋risk __________________________
③remarkable＝(派)re＋mark＋able ____________________
④standardized tests ____________
⑤personalize＝(派)personal＋ize __________
不可教的；難教育的
處境危險的；處于危險中的
非凡的；引人注目的
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